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  • Functional Groups of Organic Compounds (Campbell BIF (2e) Page 49)

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    The document summarizes several important functional groups found in organic compounds. It lists the structure/molecular formula, name of compounds, characteristics/functional properties, and provides an example drawing for each of the following functional groups: hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amino, sulfhydryl, phosphate, and methyl. The functional groups are characterized by their central atoms (C, O, N, S, P) and influence the polarity and acid-base properties of organic molecules.

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    Functional Group Chart

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    The document summarizes several important functional groups found in organic compounds. It lists the structure/molecular formula, name of compounds, characteristics/functional properties, and provides an example drawing for each of the following functional groups: hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amino, sulfhydryl, phosphate, and methyl. The functional groups are characterized by their central atoms (C, O, N, S, P) and influence the polarity and acid-base properties of organic molecules.

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    282 views2 pages

    Functional Groups of Organic Compounds (Campbell BIF (2e) Page 49)

    Uploaded by

    kendall knight
    The document summarizes several important functional groups found in organic compounds. It lists the structure/molecular formula, name of compounds, characteristics/functional properties, and provides an example drawing for each of the following functional groups: hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amino, sulfhydryl, phosphate, and methyl. The functional groups are characterized by their central atoms (C, O, N, S, P) and influence the polarity and acid-base properties of organic molecules.

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    Onyi Oko-2

    Functional Groups of Organic Compounds (Campbell BIF (2e) page 49)

    Structure/
    Name of Characteristics/
    Functional Group Molecular Draw an Example
    Compounds Functional Properties
    Formula

    -Polar
    -OH or
    Hydroxyl Group Alcohol -Simple structure
    HO-
    -Hydrophilic
    Ethanol
    - Characterized by central C and O
    Ketone
    - Double bond to oxygen increases
    Carbonyl Group >CO=O
    the polarity
    Aldehyde
    -Polar
    Acetone

    Carboxylic acid, or - Characterized by central C bound


    Carboxyl Group -COOH
    organic acid to O and OH
    -Acidic
    Acetic Acid

    - Charged, accepts H+ to form


    NH3+
    Amino Group -NH2 Amine
    - Characterized by presence of N
    -Branched structure
    Glycine

    - Characterized by presence of S
    -SH
    Sulfhydryl Group Thiol - Simple branched structure
    -Polar

    Cysteine
    Onyi Oko-2

    - Charged, ionizes to release H+


    2- -Acidic
    Phosphate Group -OPO 3 Organic phosphate
    - Characterized by presence of P
    -Complex structure
    Glycero
    l Phosphate

    -Nonpolar
    Methylated - Characterized by presence of H
    Methyl Group -CH3
    compound and C
    -Simple structure
    5-Methyl
    cytosine

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