Professional Documents
Culture Documents
736 - 51 - Handouts 1100 Words 1 40 Week 1
736 - 51 - Handouts 1100 Words 1 40 Week 1
1st day
Voracious – xarbi
Indiscriminate – ganurCeveli
Eminent - saxelganTqmuli
Steeped – gaJRenTili, Cafluli (to be steeped in)
Replete – piramde avsebuli; savse (to be replete with)
2nd day
Science-fiction – fantastika
Wild dream – warmoudgeneli / auxdeneli ocneba
Kitchen appliance – samzareulo mowyobiloba
Suburban matron – gareubanSi mcxovrebi gaTxovili qali
Domesticated automaton – moSinaurebuli roboti
To contend with – SeWideba / SebrZoleba
To Scour – to rub hard with a rough material for cleaning ; gaxexva
Oven - Rumeli
Baked-on grime – Camjdari WuWyi
Easily disposed – advilad mosaSorebeli
Margin – zRvari
To slaughter – to kill (animals) for food
Backbreaking labor – welSi gamwyveti Sroma
3rd day
1
Paradox – paradoqsi
Realm – samefo, samyaro
Annals – matiane, qronikebi
To compound – damateba, garTuleba
Tinge – elferi, gemo, natamali, nasaxi
Chef – Sef-mzareuli
Field – sfero
To compound the puzzle – am Tavsatexs isic emateba, rom
Tinge of rumor – Woris natamali / nasaxi
To cast doubts on = to make people feel less certain about something; eWvis Setana
Her documentary casts serious doubt on Gilligan's conviction.
Cuisine – samzareulo
4th day
2nd WEEK
1st day
2
Laconic - lakonuri
Throng - brbo
Intrepid – uSiSari, mamaci, gabeduli
To accost – gamolaparakeba, mimarTva
Reticent – Cumi, sityvaZviri
2nd day
3rd day
3
To gesticulate – Jestikulacia, JestebiT laparaki
Vigilant – yuradRebiani, fxizeli
4th day
3rd WEEK
1 day
st
To loathe – siZulvili
To reprimand – sayveduri
Lackluster – usicocxlo, uRimRamo, Camqrali
Caustic – mwvave, gesliani
To wrest – mitaceba ZaliT, xelidan gamogleja
4
The pep talk = a short speech intended to encourage someone to work harder, win a game etc;
sabrZolo suliskveTebis asamaRlebeli saubari (to give sb a pep talk)
Quitter = one that quits; esp. one that gives up too easily ; dawyebuli saqmis mimtovebeli,
movaleobis ar Semsrulebeli
Lackluster performance – uRimRamo TamaSi
Caustic remarks – gesliani SeniSvnebi
To dash out = to move with sudden speed; ieriSze gadasvla; gavardna
To wrest control of – sadaveebis xelSi Cagdeba; kontrolis mopoveba
2nd day
Handcuff - borkili
Confederate – mokavSire, Tanamzraxveli
To stammer = to speak or say (something) with involuntary pauses or repetition, as a result of a
speech disorder or through fear or nervousness; butbuti, enis borZikiT saubari
The incipient crimewave – axladdawyebuli danaSaulis talRa
Rumor = information, often a mixture of truth and untruth, told by one person to another; Wori
To consent = agree (to)
Missile sped (speed, sped, sped) out of control – raketa umarTavi gaxda
3rd day
4th day
Condolence – TanagrZnoba
To stipulate – pirobis wamoyeneba, gaTvaliswineba
Undertaker = a person whose job is to look after the bodies of people who have died and to
organize funerals; mesaflave
Counselor = an adviser
4th WEEK
1st day
Alacrity – simkvircxle
Disdain - zizRi
Belligerent – agresiuli, meomari
To intimidate – daSineba, muqara
Feint – finti, cru ieriSi
6
With alacrity – mkvircxlad
To charge = rush against; attack; ieriSis mitana, Seteva; gavardna
Belligerent attitude – saomari damokidebuleba
Laid low – dabla dasca
Uppercut – aberkoti (qvemodan amortyma) boqsSi
2nd day
3rd day
4th day
Solace – nugeSiscema
Aspirant - pretendenti, kandidati, maZiebeli
Dregs – leqi, narCeni; naZiralebi
Frenzy – sigiJe, gaafTrebaa; (state of great anxiety or excitement, in which you cannot control your
behaviour) To work oneself into a frenzy
Scurrilous = using violent words of abuse; damamcirebeli, Seuracxmyofeli; uwmawuri
Censor – cenzura
8
5th WEEK
1st day
2nd day
To catch someone with his fingers in the cookie jar – damnaSavis faqtze ayvana
Sleuth = detective, investigator
Violation of the law – kanonis darRveva
3rd day
9
Egregious – gamousworebeli, saSineli
Distraught – gagiJebuli, Wkuadakarguli
Duplicity – gaiZveroba, sieSmake, cbiereba
Acrimonious - RvarZliani, gesliani
Paucity – mcirericxovani, mcire raodenobiT, simcire
4th day
Frontier – sazRvari
To lionize a person – Seqmna didi aJiotaJi vinmes gamo
6th WEEK
1st day
10
Affluent – mdidari
Feasible – ganxorcielebadi, SesaZlebeli (misaRwevad, Sesasruleblad)
Discern – garCeva (gaarCevs), SegrZneba (sunis da a. S.), aRqma
To sally – gamoxtoma, gamovardna, gavardna
Consternation – Tavzari, SiSis zari He looked at her in consternation
2nd day
3rd day
4th day
7th WEEK
1 day
st
12
Jurisdiction – iurisdiqcia, uflebamosileba
Skirmish – Sexla-Semoxla, Setakeba, paeqroba
Much ado about nothing = a humorous play by William Shakespeare. People sometimes use the
title as a phrase to describe a situation in which there has been a lot
of excitement about something that is not really important.
To have a showdown on = (Informal) a major confrontation that settles a dispute
An implacable foe – dauZinebeli mteri
Nonconformist = someone who does not accept the ways of thinking or behaving accepted by
most other people in their society or group; miRebuli sazogadoebrivi normebis
mowinaaRmdege
To go into the paroxysm of anger – brazis Semoteva
To spy somebody – Tvalis mokvra, SemCneva
To reprimand somebody for something – sayveduris gamocxadeba
Reprehensible appearance – dasagmobi, miuRebeli garegnoba
To overstep one’s jurisdiction – uflebamosilebis gadameteba
To take on the appearance of – miiRo Sexeduleba
Full-scale war - srulmasStabiani omi
Murder weapon – mkvlelobis iaraRi
In a paroxysm of rage – mZvinvarebis Semotevisas
An intellectual skirmish – inteleqtualuri paeqroba
Reprehensible conduct – dasagmobi qceva
Cause celebre – cnobili sasamarTlo saqme an dava
2nd day
3rd day
13
Turbulent – boboqari, mSfoTvare, mousvenari
To be stymied – gamouval mdgomareobaSi, CixSi moqceva
Public opinion was marshaled against them – sazogadoebrivi azri mis winaaRmdeg iyo mimarTuli
Wayward lads – axirebuli, Tavneba biWebi
Villainous – sazizRari, aramzaduli
To make a swipe (=a criticism of someone or something) – Zlieri dartyma
Samson = in the Old Testament of the Bible, a very strong man who is a great fighter. A woman
called Delilah finds out that his strength comes from his long hair, and she uses her
sexual power to trick Samson into having his hair cut off. This allows his enemies, the
Philistines (=in the Bible, a member of a race of people who lived in Palestine, and who
were the enemies of the Israelites), to make him a prisoner and blind him. His
strength returns when his hair grows again, and he destroys the Philistines' temple by
pulling down the pillars that hold the roof up, killing himself and his enemies.
To concur with = agree
Popular support – sazogadoebis mxardaWera
To be called for = to be required
To resolve the situation – situaciis mogvareba
4th day
To terminate – Sewyveta
Forthwith – dauyovnebliv
To exacerbate – gamwvaveba, gauareseba
To revert – dabruneba
To oust – gandevna, gamodevna
To bar – akrZalva, ar daSveba
Ruling – dadgenileba, gadawyvetileba
To take the sting out of the victory – gamarjvebas eSxi daaklda
To clip – SeWra (Tmis)
To breathe a sigh of relief – SvebiT amosunTqva
Things reverted to normalcy – yvelaferi kalapotSi Cadga
Usher = person who shows people to their seats in theatres , cinemas, etc; kapeldineri
Disorderly patrons - wesrigis damrRvevi mudmivi klientebi
8th WEEK
1st day
14
Sanctuary – TavSesafari, savane (wminda adgili)
To ascend – asvla
Refugee – ltolvili
To scatter – mimofantva, gafantva
To assign to – daniSvna
Naval – samxedro-sazRvao
He volunteered for duty on a navy ship – nebayoflobiT gamoTqva survili emsaxura samxedro
gemze
The curtain was beginning to ascend – farda ixdeboda / iwyeboda
Firecracker – SuSxuna
To violate the sanctuary – wminda adgilis wabilwva, darbeva
To seize – daWera, xelSi Cagdeba
To exceed one’s jurisdiction = overstep one’s jurisdiction
2nd day
To hem in - garSemotyma
To swap horses in midstream – azris Secvla da xmis micema sxva kandidatisTvis xelaxali
arCevnebis dros
3rd week
4th week
9th WEEK
1st day
Impresario – impresario
Extortion – gamoZalva
Adverse – mtruli, araxelsayreli, xelisSemSleli
Asset – aqtivi, kapitali
Bigot – fanati
2nd day
3rd day
4th day
Not to look a gift horse into the mouth – naCuqar cxens kbilebs ar usinjaveno
10th WEEK
1st day
18
To detect = discover
To gnaw – RrRna
Calamity = great and serious misfortune or disaster
Premonition of calamity – ubedurebis winaTgrZnoba
To recoil with fear / in horror – SiSiT ukan daxeva
2nd day
3rd day
Rabies – cofi
To frustrate attempts – Zalisxmevis / mcdelobis CaSla
To undergo = experience
To administer vaccination– acris / vaqcinaciis daniSvna
It had been foaming at the mouth – piridan qafi sdioda
To growl – Rrena
19
Suspense = uncertainty
Wealth is easy to come by – simdidre advili saSovnelia
4th day
Inert – uZravi
Salient – gamorCeuli, cnobili, TvalSisacemi, aSkara
Imminent – gardauvali
Squeamish – panikiori, dapanikebuli
Engrossed – Cafluli
20
11th WEEK
1st day
Poignant – gulisamaCuyebeli
To inundate – datborva, wyliT dafarva
Fruitless – usargeblo, uSedego
Garbled – areul-dareuli, abdaubda
Sanguine – optimisti
Meanwhile – amasobaSi
To notify – Setyobineba
A poignant appeal for somebody – gulisamaCuyebeli Txovna
To come forward – gamoxmaureba
Lead – Cveneba, miTiTeba
To vanish = disappear
To feather one’s nest - isargeblo situaciiT da gamdidrde; xelis moTboba; cxovrebis mowyoba
2nd day
Phlegmatic – flegmaturi
To corroborate – dadastureba
Comprehensive – yovlismomcveli, srulyofili
Zealous – gulmodgine, mondomebuli
To coerce – daZaleba, Zaldataneba (to coerce sb into doing sth)
3rd day
4th day
Rash – naCqarevi
Conjecture – varaudi
To obviate – Tavis arideba
Lurid – sensaciuri
Quip – xumroba
Rabid – cofiani
Summons = command to do something
To treat somebody to – gamaspinZleba
Double feature = a movie programme with two main films; ormagi seansi
Sheer = complete
Counterfeiter – falsifikatori
Coverage – mimoxilva, gaSuqeba (axali ambebis)
Exceedingly rash – metismetad naCqarevi
Longshoreman – portis muSa
Lusty quip – jansaRi iumori / xumroba
22
12th WEEK
1st day
2nd day
Prestigious – prestiJuli
Placard – plakati
Integral – ganuyofeli, mniSvnelovani
Remuneration – anazRaureba
Nominal – minimaluri
All-round man = good at doing many different things; mravalmxrivi adamiani
Stock company (US) = a permanent repertory (provinciuli) company attached to a theatre
Props = stage properties = articles required on the stage; rekviziti
Spear – Subi
Walk-on role – epizoduri roli
Integral part – ganuyreli, ganuyofeli nawili
To fulfill a life-long ambition – aixdino mTeli cxovrebis ocneba
Looting – Zarcva
Ferocious = cruel
3rd day
23
To expunge – waSla
Flamboyant – nairferi, kaSkaSa; = very energetic, lively in order to attract attention
Anathema – wyevla
Schism – ganxeTqileba
Utopia – utopia
To perform a thousand and one odd jobs – aTasi wvrilmani saqmis gakeTeba
To perspire – oflis Rvra
To expunge something from one’s mind –mexsierebidan raimes amoSla
The schism widened – ganxeTqileba gaizarda
Press release = an official statement or report supplied to the press
4th day
Timorous – mSiSara
Truncated – Semoklebuli
Jaunty – mxiaruli
Fractious – moCxubari, Wirveuli
Ostentatious – myvirala, kaSkaSa, gamosaCeni, saCvenebeli
Sprightly = lively
13th WEEK
24
1st day
Distinguished = well-known
To importune somebody for authorization – daJinebiT moiTxovo sanqcia, ufleba
All-out = using all possible strength energy, etc.
All-out effort – maqsimaluri, yvelanairi mcdeloba / Zalisxmeva
Incontrovertible evidence – udavo faqtebi, samxili
Surreptitious experiment – maluli eqsperimenti
Speedy approval – saswrafo dasturi, Tanxmoba
Atomic supremacy – atomuri batonoba
To be sanguine about = to be optimistic about
Inclement weather = cold, stormy weather
Duplicity = deliberate deception; cbiereba, gaiZveroba
Meticulous bookkeeper = careful accountant
Incontrovertible testimony – udavo Cveneba
To corroborate – to confirm; dadastureba
To take the bull by the horns – gabedulad, Seupovrad moqmedeba; pirdapir SeebrZolo problemas
2nd day
Ultimate – saboloo
To eventuate in – saboloo Sedegis miReba
To emit – gamoyofa
Subterranean – miwisqveSa
Viable – gansaxorcieleblad SesaZlebeli, realuri, sococxlisunariani
Device – meqanizmi
Which could eventuate in a chain reaction – romlis saboloo Sedegic jaWvuri reaqcia iqneboda
Chunk = thick, solid piece
Rod = thin, straight piece of wood or metal
To speed up the production – warmoebis daCqareba
Atomic pile – atomuri reaqtori
Confinement = imprisonment
Subterranean dungeon – miwisqveSa dilegi
Wan = pale
To issue a diatribe against – mwvave gakritikeba
Smokestack – sakvamuri
Poisonous fume – momwamvleli gamonabolqvi
Zealous = enthusiastic; gulmodgine
The schism was healed = the schism was ended
The lion’s share – lomis wili
3rd day
Abandoned – mitovebuli
To proceed = go on
To ascend = to rise
Incredulous observer – skeptikuri damkvirvebeli
To mount the balcony – aivanze asvla
Unbearable tension permeated the atmosphere – autanelma daZabulobam gaJRinTa atmosfero
(At a) propitious moment – xelsayreli momenti
Lineup – ganlageba
To be squeamish about – be easily shocked about
To expunge = to erase
Skunk = small, bush-tailed American animal able to send out a strong evil smell as a defence when
attacked; skunsi, myrala
Handler = person who trains and controls an animal, e.g. a police dog
Out of the frying pan into the fire – vais gaveyare uis Seveyareo (ufro uaresi damemarTa)
4th day
Reserved - TavSekavebuli
To repress excitement – aRelvebis CaxSoba, damalva
Soberly = seriously
To relay – gadacema, translireba
Navigator – Sturmani
Natives – adgilobrivi macxovreblebi
Lurid magazine = sensational magazine
Pertinent = appropriate; saqmesTan dakavSirebuli
To repress desire – survilis CaxSoba
To interject = to insert, CarTva
Nominal = slight; minimaluri
Inchoate state – sawyisi mdgomareoba
14th WEEK
1st day
Mess = messhall = the room, etc in which the meals are eaten (especially in the Armed Forces)
Messman = messhall servant
Fighting fleet – sabrZolo floti
To be nettled by = to be irritated by; iyo gaRizianebuli
Overt prejudice – aSkara, daufaravi crurwmena, mikerZoeba
Quip = joke
Premonition – winaTgrZnoba
To curtail = to cut short
To curtail freedom – Tavisuflebis SezRudva
Overt acts of violence – Zaladobis aSkara qmedeba
Parole – TavdebiT gaSveba
2nd day
3rd day
Lethal – sasikvdilo
To scurry – gaqceva
Incisive – mwvave
To precipitate – daCqareba
Stereotype – stereotipi
4th day
Stentorian – mquxare
Singular – iSviaTi, uCveulo, gamorCeuli
Valor – simamace
Bias – crurwmena, mikerZoeba
Sinecure – ioli samuSao, “Tbili adgili”
15th WEEK
1st day
Complicity – Tanamonawileoba
Liquidation – likvidacia
Accomplice – Tanamzraxveli, Tanamonawile
To recant – naTqvamis ukan waReba
Culpable – damnaSave
To confess to complicity in – aRiaro Tanamonawileba
To establish oneself as an accomplice – warmoadgino Tavi Tanamzraxvelad
To recant confession – aRiarebis ukan waReba
28
He was found culpable – is damnaSaved cnes
Hoodlum = (sl.) a dangerous criminal
Nobody raised an eyebrow over - warbic aravis Seuxria
Hapless felon = unlucky criminal
Swindle –TaRliToba
Surreptitiously = secretly
Mammoth = huge
A mammoth conflict arose – uzarmazari konfliqti wamoiWra
Incontrovertible evidence – udavo samxili
A servant was held culpable = a servant was found culpable
Isolated parish – izolirebuli samrevlo
Woolgathering
He is engaged in woolgathering - is ocnebiTaa dakavebuli (RrublebSi dafrinavs)
2nd day
3rd day
29
Law enforcement – samarTalgamoyeneba
In the long run – bolos da bolos
Extrinsic evidence is secured – gareSe faqtebi, samxili moZiebulia
A justice = judge of a supreme court
Ill-conceived = not planned well and not having an aim that is likely to be achieved;
Legitimate methods of criminal enforcement – sisxlis samarTlis sferoSi kanon aRsrulebis
legitimuri meTodebi
Avidly – gulmodgined
Ostentatious fabrics – TvalSisacemi qsovili
4th day
30
16th WEEK
1st day
That is indigenous to all parts of the globe – romelic globusis yvela nawilSi mkvidrobs
Colony = number of animals or plants, living or growing together
A cursory study – zerele Seswavla
Hive – ska
Distinct odor – gansakuTrebuli, gamorCeuli surneli
To repulse invasion – Semotevis mogerieba
2nd day
Prolific - nayofieri
Bulwark – dacva, burji, sayrdeni
Sedentary (to) – mjdomare, uqnara, umoqmedo
Frugal – ekonomiuri, momWirne, yairaTiani
Antithesis (of) – sapirispiro, sawinaaRmdego, kontrasti
The world, the flesh, and the devil – cTuneba, amqveyniuri siamovneba
3rd day
4th day
Saga = story
Larva – matli (larvae – matlebi)
Royal jelly = a substance secreted (romelic gamoiyofa) by worker bees and fed to all larvae
when very young and to larvae destined to become queens throughout their growth.
Pupa (pl. pupas or pupae) – Wupri
To hatch – gamoCekva
To challenge – gamowveva
Progeny saturate the hive – STamomavloba avsebs skas
Scouts are dispatched – mzveravebs agzavnian
To swarm = (of bees) move or go in large numbers round a queen bee for emigration to a new
colony
Beatnik = a young person in the late 1950s who rebelled against conventional attitudes and styles of
dress
To be noted for valor – iyo cnobili simamaciT
17th WEEK
1st day
2nd day
Manifold – mravalricxovani
Assiduous – gulmodgine
Impeccable – umwikvlo, unaklo
Fraught (to be fraught with) – savse
Resourceful – moxerxebuli, sazriani, marjve
Burdened by – datvirTuli
To preclude – xelis SeSla
Crippled airplane – dazianebuli TviTmfrinavi
To be razed = to be destroyed
A paragon of mercy – gulmowyalebis gansaxiereba
To put the cart before the horse – ukuRma / Tavdayira gakeTeba
3rd day
33
To evaluate – Sefaseba
4th day
A chip off the old block – gavde mamas; kvici gvarze xtiso; ali-kvali mama
18th WEEK
1st day
2nd day
3rd day
4th day
Maze – labirinTi
Lever – berketi
Nomadic – moxetiale
To swing (swung, swung) – gadaadgileba, gaqaneba
Loyal – erTguli
To be nettled about – iyo gaRizianebuli
To ascend – asvla
Conjugal havoc = conjugal destruction; ojaxis dangreva
Sedentary – uqnara, mjdomare
Lobby – vestibiuli
Beggar – maTxovari
Others of that ilk – sxva misnairebi
May be construed = may be interpreted
19th WEEK
1st day
2nd day
Amnesty – aministia
Expatriate – emigranti
To exonerate – reabilitacia, Sewyaleba
Fiat – dadgenileba, brZaneba
Mendacious – matyuara, cru
3rd day
Parsimonious – Zunwi
Pecuniary – finansuri
To dismantle – daSla, demontaJi, dangreva
Sumptuous – uxvi, mdidruli
To underwrite – dafinanseba
37
Sumptuous feast – mdidruli nadimi
To modify one’s parsimonious attitude – Secvalo Zunwi damokidebuleba
Fractious = quarrelsome; anCxli
To know the ropes – icode yvela procedura; ramis zedmiwevniT codna; saqmis kursSi yofna
4th day
Ration = a fixed allowance of something that is scarce, such as food or petrol in wartime
Food rationing – kvebis norma
Graft = the practice of obtaining money by taking advantage of one's position; meqrTameoba
Under Andre – andres mmarTvelobis dros
Everybody got his slice of the pie – yvela Tavis lukmas iRebda
Decree – dadgenileba
To crave freedom = to desire freedom
Urbane = refined in manners; daxvewili
20th WEEK
1 day
st
Cockroach – tarakana
On the face of the earth – dedamiwis zurgze
Fiction = literary works invented by the imagination, such as novels; mxatvruli literatura
Nonfiction = writing that deals with facts or real events
Derogatory references to – damamcirebeli moxsenieba vinmesi an raimesi
Ubiquitous – yvelgan myofi, yvelgan modebuli
38
Careers of viruses – virusis matareblebi
Yellow fever = an acute infectious tropical disease causing fever and jaundice, caused by certain
mosquitoes; yviTeli cieb-cxeleba
Polio = short for poliomyelitis
To contribute to asthma – xeli Seuwyos asTmis Camoyalibebas
2nd day
To menace = to threaten
To be redolent with = smelling of; (aq) ayrolebuli
Odor = a particular and distinctive smell
Foul = stinking or dirty; ayrolebuli, WuWyiani
In repose – mosvenebul mdgomareobaSi
Atop = on top of
Disposition - ganwyobileba
To feast upon = to eat a large amount of
Upholstery = covering of a chair or sofa
To begin in earnest = to begin seriously
To issue a fiat – dadgenilebis gamoSveba
A lick and a promise – saqmis zereled gakeTeba, mifuCeCeba
3rd day
4th day
Puissant – Zlieri
Unabated – daucxromeli
Maudlin – sentimentaluri
Levity – araseriozuloba, Tavqarianoba
Lugubrious – sevdiani
40
21st WEEK
1st day
Scion – STamomavali
To indoctrinate – damoZRvra, ganswavla
Opulence – simdidre, fufuneba
Obsequious – pirferi
Fulsome – gadaWarbebuli
Edifice = building
Vicissitudes of life – cxovrebis sirTuleebi
Gullible – miamiti, mimndobi
To revile = to scold; galanZRva
Trenchant criticism – mwvave kritika
2nd day
Lush – mdidruli
Destitution – siRatake
To ponder – Cafiqreba, awon-dawona
Supplication – xvewna, mudara
Decadence – daknineba, dacema
Buffs = fans
Strife – uTanxmoeba
Rife = widespread
3rd day
Garments = clothes
Monk - beri
Robe – mantia
To do penance for - codvebis monanieba
To cleanse – ganwmenda
Desultory wandering – uTavbolo xetiali
A handful of disciples - erTi muWa mimdevrebi
Torment – satanjveli
To undergo a metamorphosis – ganicado metamorfoza
Enlightened – ganaTlebuli, gabrwyinebuli
Lugubrious – sevdiani
Levity – araseriozuloba
Mendacity – sicrue
To impose a penance upon someone – codvebis miteveba
Sinner – codvili
4th day
42
22nd WEEK
1st day
Plea bargain – garigeba aRiaro danaSauli im mizniT, rom Tavidan airido braldeba ufro seriozuli
danaSaulisTvis
To agree to a plea bargain
Offense – danaSauli
Assault = a violent attack, either physical or verbal
2nd day
43
3rd day
4th day
To be cognizant of = be aware of
Medication = treatment with drugs
44
23rd WEEK
1st day
2nd day
Acrimony – RvarZli
Querulous = complaining; buzRuna
45
3rd day
Pedagogue – pedagogi
To enunciate – sajarod warmoTqma, gamocxadeba
Inordinate – gadaWarbebuli, metismeti, zedmeti
Irascible – ficxi
Introspective – gulCaTxrobili
Profligate – mflangveli
Parsimonious - Zunwi
Crank = eccentric person; axirebuli adamiani
Gregarious = enjoying the company of others; megobruli
Assiduous = hard-working; gulmodgine
4th day
46
24th WEEK
1st day
Anthropologist – anTropologi
Bizarre – ucnauri
Inanimate – usulo
Fetish – kerpi, avgarozi, amuleti
Artifact – xelnakeTi
2nd day
Taboo – tabu
Imprudent – gaufrTxilebeli, windauxedavi
Prohibition – akrZalva
Imperative – gadaudebeli, saswrafo, savaldebulo
Taint – samarcxvino daRi, laqa (v. dabinZureba)
47
3rd day
Universal – universaluri
Contemptuous – damcinavi
Absurd – absurdi
Bigot – fanati
To abhor – zizRi
4th day
Vulnerable – daucveli
Entreaty – xvewna, mudara
Tradition – tradicia
To originate in – saTavis aReba, warmoSoba
Inviolable – urRvevi, xelSeuxebeli
Adolescence – siymawvile
To make an entreaty to someone for a pardon – Txovna SewyalebisTvis
Inexorable torture – Seubralebeli wameba
Armor – javSani
48
25th WEEK
1st day
Awesome – sazareli
Eruption – amofrqveva
Puny – susti, uRono, uZluri (puny attempts)
Debris – nangrevebi, namsxvrevebi
Dispersed – mimofantuli
Singularly – araCveulebrivad
To dwarf = to cause (someone or something) to seem small by being much larger; umniSvnelod
gamoCena, daCrdilva
To blow up - afeTqeba
Tidal wave – moqcevis talRa
To scatter – mimofantva
Startlingly beautiful – saocrad lamazi
2nd day
Bizarre – ucnauri
Umpire = referee; msaji
3rd day
49
Congenial – Sesaferisi, mimzidveli
To hoard – dagroveba, Senaxva
Sage – brZeni, brZnuli
Aegis – mfarveloba, dacva, egidiT, xelSewyoba
Detriment (to) – ziani
4th day
50
26th WEEK
1st day
2nd day
To rebuke – sayveduri
Aversion (to) – antipaTia, arakeTilganwyoba
To evince – gamomJRavneba
Vogue – moda
Superficial – zedapiruli
51
3rd day
Conscience – sindisi
Yearning – ltolva
To set the price of – fasis daweseba
Imprudent – windauxedavi
4th day
Sleep on it = (spoken) to not make a decision about something important until the next day ;
gadawyvetilebis miReba mxolod dafiqrebis Semdeg
27th WEEK
52
1st day
Imposing – STambeWdavi
Transient – xanmokle
Ardent love – mgznebare siyvaruli
Obscure artist – SeumCneveli mxatvari
Inevitable day of recognition – is gardauvali dRe, rodesac aRiarebas moipoveb
2nd day
3rd day
53
Invective – lanZRva-gineba
To besmirch – saxelis gatexva
Voluminous – didi moculobis, mravaltomiani
Retrospect – retrospeqtiva, warsulisken mibruneba
Successor to – memkvidre
Object of vitriolic attacks – gesliani Tavdasxmebis obieqti
They heaped invective upon him – lanZRva-ginebiT aavses
To produce voluminous varieties of compositions – didi moculobis sxvadasxva Janris
nawarmoebis Seqmna
In retrospect – dRevandeli gadasaxedidan
His originality is appreciated – misi originaluroba dafasebulia
4th day
Gruff - uxeSi
Likeable – sasiamovno
To have an extremely lofty opinion of oneself – didi warmodgenis qona sakuTar Tavze
He was not noted for his humility – is ar gamoirCeoda TavmdablobiT
Pungent sense of humour – gesliani, mware iumoris grZnoba
To warm up to – simpaTiiT ganwyoba vinmes mimarT
Inveterate stay-at-home – gamousworebeli “saxlis kaci”
To confer an honorary degree upon somebody – sapatio wodebis miniWeba
To be adamant about – uryevad idge Sens sityvaze; simtkicis gamoCena
Meekness – moridebuloba
Unyielding – uryevi
28th WEEK
1st day
Winding – mixveul-moxveuli
To be on the alert to – fxizlad yofna
To exploit a mistake by an opponent – Seni oponentis Secdomis Sens sasargeblod gamoyeneba
The propinquity of sudden death – uecari sikvdilis siaxlove
2nd day
Disgruntled – ukmayofilo
Infallible – Seumcdari, utyuari
Panacea - panacea
To eradicate – aRmofxvra, amoZirkva, Tavidan moSoreba
To impede – dabrkoleba, xelis SeSla
Lock, stock, and barrel = including every part of something; mTlianad, yvelafrianad
e.g. The Knolls have owned the town lock, stock, and barrel for 15 years.
3rd day
Composure – simSvide
4th day
29th WEEK
1 day
st
Lithe – moqnili
Obese – msuqani
Adherent – momxre, mxardamWeri, fani, gulSematkivari
Bliss – netareba, gancxroma, bedniereba
Pathetic = arousing pity or sympathy; Sesabrali, sevdiani
56
To weld = to unite closely; SeerTeba, SeduReba
To gain mastery over an opponent – Zalauflebis mopoveba oponentze
Knowledgeable = intelligent or well-informed
He is in a state of bliss – is gancxromaSia, bednieria
To execute something to perfection – raimes srulyofilad Sesruleba
He switched his loyalty to the opposition party – Tavisi erTguleba opoziciur partiaze gadaitana
Step = one of a sequence of foot movements that make up a dance; sacekvao moZraoba
Insatiable hunger – daukmayofilebeli SimSili
Ardent couple – mgznebare wyvili
2nd day
3rd day
Indolent – zarmaci
Gusto – siamovneba, interesi, enTuziazmi
Garrulous – sityvamravali, molaybe (= voluble) (# reticent)
Banal – banaluri
Platitude – banaluroba
Zest – interesi
4th day
To scoff at – dacinva
To embellish the story – Sealamazo ambavi
Nondescript nature of the criminal – kriminalis amoucnobi buneba
Virulent disease – sasikvdilo daavadeba
To slam the door – karebis gajaxuneba
30th WEEK
1st day
Steamer – orTqmavali
To capture the events – movlenebis aRwera
58
Tranquil – wynari
Turbulent – mSfoTvare
To recall – gaxseneba
Race – Sejibri; to conduct a race – Sejibris Catareba
Swift = fast
To talk with gusto – enTuziazmiT laparaki
To strip – (aq) moaSoro yvelaferi zedmeti
To lighten – Semsubuqeba
Trend – tendencia
Extinct species – gadaSenebuli saxeoba
To yearn for – survilis qona, monatreba
Pretext – sababi
2nd day
Omnipotent – yovlisSemZle
Zenith – zeniti
Fledgling – axlad gamoCekili (to fledge – bartyebis wamoCitva), axladgamomcxvari, damwyebi
Peremptory – mbrZanebluri, kategoriuli
Precedent – precedenti
Riverboat pilot - locmani
To hold a high position – maRali Tanamdebobis dakaveba
Fledgling pilot’s apprentice – locmanis axlad gamoCekili Segirdi
To abjure – Tavidan moSoreba, uaris Tqma
Unfettered = not limited or controlled; Tavisufali, SeuzRudavi
To hamper = to make it difficult for (someone or something) to move or progress; dabrkoleba,
winaaRmdegobis gaweva, SeboWva
To issue peremptory commands – kategoriuli brZanebebis gamocema
Imminent danger – moaxloebuli saSiSroeba (to be in imminent danger)
59
To behave impeccably – moiqce unaklod, umwikvlod
Pernicious – mavne
To undermine someone’s limitless authority – vinmes usazRvro avtoritetis Seryeva
Under the aegis of - mfarvelobiT
To reach the zenith of the career – miaRwio karieris zenits
Frugal life – momWirne, ekonomiuri cxovreba
Temerity – wandauxedaoba, uazro gambedaoba
To disobey a peremptory order – ar daemorCilo kategoriul brZanebas
In the lap of the gods – RmerTis xelSia
To hand in – Cabareba
4th day
31st WEEK
1st day
Sagely - brZnulad
To form public opinion – sazogadoebrivi azris Seqmna
Vulnerable to – daucveli
60
Cogent = forcefully convincing; damajerebeli
Specious = apparently correct or true, but actually wrong or false; aragulwrfeli, yalbi. (=
spurious)
Ostensible purpose – oficialuri mizani
Fervid propagandist – aqtiuri propagandisti
To distinguish = differentiate
Perfunctory = superficial; zerele, zedapiruli
Adherents – mimdevrebi
To throw someone into frenzy – vinmes gagiJeba
Mob = 1. a riotous or disorderly crowd of people
2. (Informal) any group of people
3. (Slang) a gang of criminals
To exhort = urge strongly, advise; rCeva, darwmuneba, Segulianeba
Apathetic = равнодушный; uintereso, indeferentuli; (apathy = lack of interest or enthusiasm)
Rash – naCqarevi
Eradication – aRmofxvra
Conflagration – didi xanZari
Spurious charge – yalbi braldeba
2nd day
It is intrinsic – damaxasiaTebelia
Inherent right = innate, intrinsic right; misi kuTvnili ufleba
To propagate ideas – gaavrcelo ideebi
Convert = a person who has been converted to another belief or religion; axalmoqceuli, sxva
partiaSi gadasuli; mxardamWeri
To preclude – xelis SeSla
Unrecognized – ucnobi, araaRiarebuli
3rd day
Strident – mkveTri, gamgmiravi (= shrill) in more strident tones – ufro mkveTri tonebiT
Concomitant - Tanmxlebi
Lassitude – gadaRliloba, daqanculoba
61
Deleterious – mavne, saziano
Efficacy – efeqti, Zala, moqmedeba
Obesity = fatness
Gist – arsi
4th day
62
32nd WEEK
1st day
Profound – Rrma
To alleviate – Semsubuqeba (tkivilis, tanjvis), daameba (=palliate)
Prodigious – uzarmazari, gansacvifrebeli, sakvirveli
To expedite = to do quickly; swrafad Sesruleba
Celerity – (Formal) siswrafe
Automation – avtomatizacia
To permeate – gaJRenTva, gajereba
Concomitantly – amas Tan axlavs is, rom
Are finding their ways – gzas ikvleven
To alleviate the burden of – tvirTis Semsubuqeba
Prodigious information – uzarmazari informacia
To inundate – datborva, gadatvirTva
Encumbered library system – biblioTekis gadatvirTuli, gadaWedili sistema
To expedite the selection of pertinent information – swrafad ganaxorcielo saTanado informaciis
SerCeva
To scan = to glance over quickly
To expedite the solution to the fracas – Cxubis problemis gadaWris swrafad moZebna
Elusive = difficult to find or catch; Znelad gadasaWreli
With celerity – swrafad
To construe – daskvnis gamotana, axsna-ganmarteba
To alleviate the harmful effects – Seamsubuqo mavne zegavlena
To attenuate the harmful effects – Seasusto mavne zegavlena
To make a prodigious effort – uzarmazari Zalisxmevis ganxorcieleba
To repress the uprising – amboxebis CaxSoba
Ivory tower – izolirebuli
To live in an ivory tower – icxovro sakuTar samyaroSi
2nd day
To usurp – xelSi Cagdeba, mitaceba, uzurpacia, dapyroba, aneqsia
Paltry – umniSvnelo, araRirebuli
To condone – miteveba, Serigeba (ramesTan)
Trivial – banaluri, trivialuri, Cveulebrivi
Bizarre – ucnauri
To usurp the proper functions of the mankind – xelSi Caigdo kacobriobis kuTvnili funqciebi
Corroboration – dasturi, dadastureba
A handful of = a small number of
A profound knowledge – Rrma codna
Vital information – saWiro informacia
To condone the situation – Seurigde situacias
To do an impeccable job – Seasrulo samuSao umwikvlod / unaklod
As bizarre as it might seem – rogorc ar unda ucnaurad mogeCvenoT
A period of ferment – areulobis periodi
To usurp power – Zalauflebis xelSi Cagdeba
To condone that reprehensible act – Seurigde gasakicx / dasagmob qmedebas
Deleterious effect – mavne efeqti
3rd day
63
Menial – damamcirebeli, laqiis, rutinuli samuSao
Venerable – Rrmad pativsacemi, sapatio; venerable age — sapatio asaki
Extraneous –ucxo, gareSe; (=extrinsic); (# intrinsic)
Ambiguous – bundovani, gaugebari
Succinct – lakonuri
In less mundane ways – nakleb banalurad
Back – mcveli (fexburTSi)
Lineman – garemarbi
To feed into – CatvirTva
Extraneous material – ucxo masala
Touchdown = (American football) a scoring move in which an attacking player takes the ball into
the area behind his opponents' goal
(TD) гол, тачдаун В американском футболе [football] засчитывается, когда мяч
или игрок с мячом пересекает линию гола [goal line] противника; при этом
команде засчитывается шесть очков
To revere – pativiscema
Vitriolic = (of language) severely bitter or harsh; gesliani
Congenial – Sesaferisi
Susceptible to – mgrZnobiare
Shibboleth = a custom, phrase, or use of language that reliably distinguishes a member of one group or
class from another; extraneous shibboleths – ucxo frazebi
4th day
1st day
2nd day
3rd day
4th day
34th WEEK
1st day
Site – adgili
Vigil – sifxizle, morigeoba
Cumbersome – veeberTela, Zneli
To interrogate – dakiTxva
To divulge – gamJRavneba; to divulge the secret – saidumlos gacema
66
Tranquil – wynari
Lobby - vestibiuli
Disgruntled – ukmayofilo
He was making no tangible progress – is veranair xelSesaxeb warmatebas ver aRwevda
He might uncover a pertinent clue to Evelyn’s whereabouts – mas SeiZleba gaego raime
xelmosaWidi miniSneba evelinis adgilsamyofelis Sesaxeb
With rancor – braziT
Voluminous – didi moculobis, mravaltomiani
To admonish – gafrTxileba
To incarcerate = to confine or imprison
To maintain a discreet and wary vigil – SeinarCuno windaxeduli da frTxili sifxizle
To bag = to capture or kill, as in hunting
Under duress – ZaldatanebiT
He was adamant – is iyo uryevi
To take a leaf out of someone’s book – mibaZva
The chip off the old block – ali-kvali mama
To sow one’s wild oats - to have casual sexual relationships while young / eweode udardel
cxovrebas
2nd day
To fluctuate – meryeoba
Unmitigated = something that is completely bad or good; aSkara, sruli, absoluturi, usaSvelo
Commodious – vrceli, farTo; (= spacious)
Antiquated – Zvelmoduri, antikvaruli
Disheveled – aCeCilii, mojajuli, mouwesrigebeli, feTxumi
Unmitigated despair – sruli sasowarkveTileba
To desist = stop
To elicit = to draw out (information) from someone; garkveva
On the pretext – im sababiT, rom
In the commodious lobby – farTo vestibiulSi
Wan face – gafiTrebuli saxe
Slovenly dress – usufTao kaba
Disheveled hair – aCeCili Tma
Scrutiny (n.)= very careful study or observation; dawvrilebiT gamokvleva
Sumptuous house – mdidruli saxli
Den = (Chiefly US) a small secluded room in a home, often used for a hobby
Array - wyeba
Trophy = cup, shield, etc., given as a prize; prizi, jildo
Incontrovertible evidence – udavo mtkicebuleba
In our milieu - Cvens droSi
In a sporadic fashion – xandaxan, dro da dro
Nondescript = lacking outstanding features; aravisgan gamorCeuli
Indolent = lazy
Brass tacks – realuri problema an situacia;
To get down to brass tacks = (informal) to start talking about the most important facts or
details of something
Congenial levity – xelsayreli, sasiamovno araseriozuloba / Tavqarianoba
3rd day
4th day
Pittance – groSebi
Au courant – Tanamedrove, moduri
Fastidious (about) – momTxovni, daxvewili
Noisome – ayrolebuli, WuWyiani
Unkempt – mouvleli, dauvarcxneli; (= disheveled) (= slovenly)
Lily-livered – mxdali
He got cold feet – SeeSinda
He spilled the beans – yvelaferi dafqva
35th WEEK
1st day
2nd day
3rd day
4th day
Pensive – Cafiqrebuli
To whet – gamowveva, aRZvra (madis, survilis)
Stupor = a state of near unconsciousness in which a person is unable to behave normally or think clearly;
gaSeSeba, gaTiSva
To wince – ukan daxeva, SekrToma, daklakvna (tkivilisgan), SeSmuSvna
Cliché – kliSe
To make one pensive – rom adamiani Caafiqros
A pane of glass – fanjris SuSa
Goldfinch – Citbatona
Was knocked inert – usicocxlod daeca
To divulge to sb = reveal, gamJRavneba
To deride – dacinva
Irrational = incapable of reasoning; absurd
To whet interest – interesis gaRviZeba
With gusto – enTuziazmiT
To abjure – uaris Tqma
To be knocked into a stupor – gaTiSva
To wince with pain – tkivilisgan daklakvna
To preclude – xelis SeSla
Condolence = sympathy expressed for someone in grief or pain; TanagrZnoba
To juxtapose sth with sth – Sedareba, Sepirispireba
Hostile rebuke – mtruli sayveduri
To whet desire – survilis gaCena
Genre – Janri
Candid = telling the truth, even when the truth may be unpleasant or embarrassing samarTliani,
obieqturi; galaxdili [= frank] n. candor (to speak with candor)
Unsavory – arasasiamovno, ugemuri (=tasteless)
To degrade – gauareseba, damcireba
Venial – misatevebeli
To attain = to manage to do or get (something); miRweva, mopoveba
To be prolific in – iyo nayofieri
Foremost = first in time, place, or importance; umniSvnelovanesi, yvelaze gamoCenili
To disparage = to speak contemptuously of; damcireba, Seuracxyofis miyeneba (=belittle)
To besmirch – saxelis gatexva
Venial sin – misatevebeli codva
Fallacious = mcdari
Fabrication – SeTxzuli, gamogonili ambebi
To mortify = cause grief to; wyenineba, danaRvlianeba
Sanctimonious – fariseveli
To keep a stiff upper lip – simtkicis SenarCuneba
70
To hear through the grapevine – gaigo rame Sida arxebis saSualebiT
The fat was in the fire – mosaxdeni moxda
2nd day
Epitome – a) warmomadgeneli, gansaxiereba; b) konspeqti
Dexterity – simarjve
Grotesque – groteski, SarJi
Compassion (for) – sibraluli, TanagrZnoba adj. compassionate
Repugnant – sazizRari, autaneli
With the utmost dexterity – udidesi simarjviT
Hapless = unlucky
Downtrodden = oppressed and lacking the will to resist; Cagruli; (to tread, trod, trodden –
gaTelva)
Under the aegis of = with the sponsorship or protection of
To flee (fled, fled) into exile – gadasaxlebaSi gaqceva
The repugnant rule came to an end – autaneli wesebi dasasruls miuaxlovda
Expatriate – emigranti
To return from exile – gadasaxlebidan dabruneba
Adulation = uncritical admiration; qedis moxra, pirmoTneoba
Acclaim = an enthusiastic expression of approval; aplodismentebi
Idol – kerpi
Innocent progeny – udanaSaulo STamomavloba
To succumb = die
Edifice = a large or impressive building
Corpse = a dead body, esp. of a human being; gvami
Squeamish onlookers - panikiori mayureblebi
With dexterity – marjved
To thwart = to prevent; xelis SeSla
Pugnacious = ready and eager to fight; CxubisTavi
Adversary = an opponent in a fight, disagreement, or sporting contest; mowinaaRmdege, mteri
To throw the book at someone – maqsimumis misja
To get one’s back up - gabrazeba
3 day
rd
71
To weep copious tears - uxvad cremlebis Rvra
Terra firma – myari miwa
Took the wind out of one’s sails – fexqveS miwa gamoecala (SiSisgan)
To be on terra firma – miwaze fexis myarad dadgma
4th day
Perfidious – muxanaTi, moRalaturi
To covet – survili, ndoma
Ingratiate oneself = to act in order to bring (oneself) into favour (with someone); vinmes gulis mogeba
Penury – siRaribe (=destitution); To live in penury – siRatakeSi cxovreba
Ignominious – samarcxvino, damamcirebeli
Insatiable desire – gaumaZRari survili
To get ahead – warmatebis miRweva
Feasible = able to be done
To ingratiate herself into the heart of her employer’s son – Tavisi ufrosis vaJis gulis mogeba
Salubrious – jansaRi
Ostentatiously – gamomwvevad
To form a surreptitious liaison with – faruli sasiyvarulo urTierTobis damyareba
Liaison = secretive or adulterous (qorwinebis gareSe) sexual relationship
Misguided = mistaken or unwise; gzasacdenili
In a debacle – marcxiT
He was able to ingratiate himself into the hearts of the public – man SeZlo xalxis gulis mogeba
Underdog = a person or team in a weak or underprivileged position; uiRblo; susti moTamaSe неудачник;
In seventh heaven – mecxre caze
37th WEEK
1st day
72
To tighten one’s belt – qamris moWera (naklebis xarjva)
To draw in one’s horns = to restrain oneself; Tavis Sekaveba
He would wind up on skid row – usaxlkaroebis ubanSi moxvdeboda
2nd day
3rd day
To motivate – motivireba
To rationalize = to find reasons to justify or explain one's actions; axsnis moZebna vinmes
qmedebisTvis
Therapy – Terapia
Nascent – sawyisi, axlad aRmocenebuli
Iconoclast – a) tradiciebis, crurwmenebis winaaRmdeg mebrZoli; b) xatmebrZoli
To revere – pativiscema, dafaseba
Physician = a medical doctor
Subconscious – qvecnobieri
To keep repugnant memories - Seinaxo saZageli mogonebebi
To come to the surface – zedapirze amotivtiveba
Surreptitiously = secretly
And motivate behavior – da ganapirobebs qcevas
To rationalize his actions – axsna mouZebnos, gaamarTlos Tavisi qceva
Suppressed memories – gaumJRavnebeli, sakuTar TavSi CaxSuli mogonebebi
To air = to make known publicly; saaSkaraoze gamotana
Mandatory – savaldebulo
Complacent people – arxeini, TviTkmayofili xalxi
Pathetic = arousing pity or sympathy; Sesabrali
A square peg in a round hole (=a round peg in a square hole) – vinme, TavisTvis Seuferebel
samsaxurSi
A bitter pill to swallow – mware marcxi
4th day
Erudite – eruditi
Phobia – fobia, nevrozuli SiSi
73
Germane – Sesaferisi, kavSirSi ramesTan
Vertigo – Tavbrusxveva
Conducive (to) – xelSemwyobi (=propitious)
A surfeit of amateur psychologists – uxvi raodenoba moyvaruli fsiqologebisa
With celerity – swrafad
Dubious education – saeWvo ganaTleba
Germane to the problem – kavSirSia problemasTan
Pertinent = relating to the matter at hand, relevant; xelmosaWidi
To countenance – mowoneba, mxardaWera
Lethal weapon – sasikvdilo iaraRi
It was tantamount to a phobia – es nevrozuli SiSis (fobias) tolfasi iyo
Temerity – gambedaoba
A steel girder — стальная балка; foladis Zeli
Onset = a start, beginning
Bedlam - sagiJeTi
To upset the apple cart – gegmis an ganzraxvis Secvla
A dark horse = a person who reveals little about himself or herself, esp. someone who has
unexpected talents; bneliT moculi adamiani
38th WEEK
1st day
2nd day
74
Stagnant – uZravi, inertuli, erT adgilze gayinuli
Fatal – fataluri, sasikvdilo, sabediswero, damRupveli
Passé – Zvelmoduri, dromoWmuli
To procrastinate – dayovneba, gaWianureba
Facet – aspeqti, mxare
“Set” = determined, gansazRvruli
Affluent = having plenty of money
To be cognizant of = be aware of
Vigilant = on the watch for trouble or danger; fxizeli
To be in the making – Seqmnis procesSi
To the consternation of – Tavzardasacemad
Distraught = upset; ganerviulebuli, gagiJebuli
To use the lethal weapon – gamoiyeno sasikvdilo iaraRi
On that fatal occasion – im sabediswro SemTxvevis dros
An unsavory task – arasasiamovno davaleba
To have the propensity for - gqondes midrekileba, swrafva
To feel complacent with – igrZno kmayofileba
To get up on the wrong side of the bed – marcxena fexze adgoma
To raise Cain – skandalis atexva
Slovenly room – areuli oTaxi
3rd day
To foist (on sb) – Tavs moxveva, SeCeCeba
To stigmatize – daRis dasma, uwodo (raime samarcxvino), Seracxva
To capitulate (to) – danebeba
Audacity – gambedaoba, Tavxedoba
To tantalize = to show or promise something that someone really wants, but then not allow them to have
it; wvaleba vinmes
To disparage = to speak contemptuously of; arad Cagdeba, damcireba
Complacent about – TviTkmayofili
Arbitrary decision – TviTneburi gadawyvetileba
Despite tenacious resistance – miuxedavad Zlieri winaaRmdegobisa
To oust = to force (someone) out of a position; gagdeba, gandevna
Strongpoint - gamagrebuli punqti
To capitulate to the enemy – danebde mters
Asinine – suleluri
To exacerbate – gauareseba
To submit – wardgena
Reprehensible – gasakicxi, dasagmobi
Castles in the air / in the sky / in Spain – ocnebis koSkebi
To build castles in the air – ocnebis koSkebis ageba
4th day
To retort (to) – pasuxis gacema
Reticent – sityvaZviri
Tacit – usityvo, nagulisxmevi
Chicanery – xriki
Docile – morCili, damjeri
Derogatory comments – Seuracxmyofeli komentarebi
With alacrity = with eagerness
To emulate – metoqeobis gaweva
Hem = the bottom edge of a garment, folded under and stitched down; Semonakeci kabis bolos
To give tacit approval – usityvod daeTanxmo
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To jostle – xelis kvra
To reach conclusion – daskvnis gamotana
To countenance = to support or tolerate
Intimidation = to subdue or influence (someone) through fear; daSineba, SiSi
To divulge the blatant chicanery – gaamJRavno aSkara xriki
Fractious – Wirveuli
Egregious behavior = shockingly bad behavior
A tacit reproach – usityvo sayveduri
To retort to the rash question – pasuxi gasce daufiqrebel kiTxvas
Propensity for imbibing – midrekileba dalevisken
To maintain the status quo – SeinarCuno arsebuli mdgomareoba
To hit the nail on the head – aTianSi gartyma
To change horses in midstream = to change one’s mind
39th WEEK
1st day
Saga – saga, Tqmuleba, ambavi
Belated – dagvianebuli
Decrepit - daZvelebuli (xmarebisgan), dasustebuli (asakis gamo)
Imperturbable – mSvidi, aRuSfoTebeli (= serene)
To vacillate – yoymani
To make a belated escape from – dagvianebuli gaqcevis ganxorcieleba
Array – wyeba, rigi
At their own volition – TavianTi surviliT
Skipper – gemis kapitani
To bomb implacably – umowyalod dabombva (implacable = inexorable)
To remain imperturbable – darCe uZravad / mSvidad
Vessel = a ship or large boat; xomaldi
Paragon of comradeship – megobrobis nimuSi
In times of jeopardy – safrTxis dros
Lone – martoxela
To confront the turbulent oceans – SeewinaaRmdego aRelvebul okeanes
Exploit = a notable deed or feat; gmiroba
Laudable – saqebi; (# despicable)
To shout caustic comments – mwvave komentarebis srola
Mendacious activities = untruthful activities; cru / araswori saqmianobebi
Ingrate = an ungrateful person; umaduri
To accept someone’s belated gift – vinmes dagvianebuli saCuqris miReba
Released from incarceration – gaTavisuflebuli patimrobidan
Gaunt = bony and emaciated in appearance; Zalian gamxdari
A sacred cow – xelSeuxebeli
To throw down a gauntlet – gamowveva
2nd day
Staunch – erTguli, mtkice, sando, udreki
Opprobrium = strong criticism or disapproval, especially expressed publicly; lanZRva, zizRi
Machiavellian = perfidious in conduct, activity; moRalaturi, uprincipo
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one who imitates Niccolo Machiavelli, a statesman and writer, of Florence (1469 – 1527):
any cunning and unprincipled statesman;
Unconscionable – arakeTilsindisieri, unamuso (= unscrupulous)
Pandemonium – areuloba, Rrianceli
Prevalent = widespread or common
Meticulously – guldasmiT, detalurad
Inexorable = unable to be prevented from continuing or progressing; ulmobeli, umowyalo
Anathema – wyevla
Infamous = well-known for something bad
They have no capacity for compassion – maT ar SeuZliaT TanagrZnoba
With opprobrium – zizRiT, agdebiT, Seuracxyofas ayeneben
Duplicity = deceitful behaviour; cbiereba
At hand – xelT aqvT
To strive (strove, striven) – miswrafeba
Evil is ubiquitous – boroteba yvelganaa
Another fracas will erupt – meore Cxubi gaCaRdeba
To heap opprobrium upon – lanZRva-ginebiT avseba
Fledgling – axlad gamomcxvari
Nominee = a person who is nominated to an office or as a candidate
Convention site – Sexvedris adgili
To cause a schism – ganxeTqilebis gamowveva
Through thick and thin – nebismieri sirTulis miuxedavad
Fair-weather friends – vai megomrebi
3rd day
To flay – mkacri gakritikeba, tyavis gaZroba
Demeanor – saqcieli, manera
Delineation – aRwera, sityvieri portreti
To vindicate – gamarTleba
Heinous – sazizRari, boroti
Mutiny = open rebellion against authority, esp. by sailors or soldiers against their officers;
amboxeba
Repugnant – saZageli
H.M.S. = His (Her) Majesty's Ship; inglisis samxedro gemi
Unmitigated villain - sruli aramzada
The crew developed an aversion to – ekipaJs gauCnda antipaTia
Capricious = having a tendency to sudden unpredictable changes of attitude or behaviour; Wirveuli
To go to great lengths – yvelanairad ecado
Garrulous = constantly chattering; (=voluble)
In a stentorian voice – mquxare xmiT
To take by storm – STabeWdilebis swrafad moxdena
To carry the day – mxardaWeris mopoveba
4th day
Turpitude – unamusoba, uzneoba, sulmdabloba
Infraction – darRveva (kanonis)
Callous – ugulo, gulqva
To redress – gamosworeba
Vituperation – lanZRva-gineba
To improve tainted image – aRadgino Selaxuli imiji
To be imprudent in – iyo windauxedavi
To keep one’s temper under control – Tavis gakontroleba, wonasworobis SenarCuneba
To carry out callous actions – imoqmedo ugulod
Astutely – Wkvianurad
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Prodigious feat – saocari / udidesi sagmiro saqme
To restore one’s good name – aRadgino vinmes kargi saxeli
To blame on – dabraleba
Coterie – jgufi
Benevolent attitude – keTilganwyobili / gulmowyale damokidebuleba
To condone – miteveba, Serigeba ramesTan
To fall for the line = be cheated by false talk
To fall for the line of a loathsome boy – motyuvde saZageli biWis laparakiT
To heap vituperation upon someone – vinmes lanZRva-ginebiT avseba
To be in fine fettle – SesaniSnav gunebaze yofna (old-fashioned) healthy or working properly
To do woolgathering = idle or absent-minded daydreaming
Indian summer = a period of warm sunny weather in autumn
40th WEEK
1 day
st
2nd day
Cant – farisevluri, aragulwrfeli ena; Jargoni; (=specialized vocabulary of a particular group, such as
thieves or lawyers) [= slang]
Umbrage – wyena
Magnanimous – didsulovani
To vilify – lanZRva, augis Tqma (=malign)
To elucidate – naTelis mofena, axsna-ganmarteba
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Cant phrases – aragulwrfeli frazebi
A cliché filled statement – kliSeebiT savse gancxadeba
To procrastinate – gaWianureba
A new facet of his personality – misi xasiaTis axali aspeqti
Demeanor – saqcieli, manera
To take umbrage at – wyena
To favor the affluent – mdidrebis mfarveloba
To be magnanimous to the indigent – iyo didsulovani Raribebis mimarT
To be accused of turpitude – daadanaSaulo uzneobaSi
Discreetly = carefully, cautiously
To allude to = to refer indirectly to; miniSneba
Controversy = a serious argument about something that involves many people and continues for a
long time; polemika, diskusia, debatebi
To see through – gaSifvra
Somber = sad, or gloomy
Sunken in apathy – apaTiiT moculi
Lot – xvedri, bedi
Whimsical remarks = unusual, playful
The sum and substance – arsi
Pyrrhic victory = a too costly victory
To go up in smoke – uSedegod damTavreba
3rd day
Vapid – mosawyeni, uintereso (= banal)
Unwieldy – veeberTela, umarTavi (= cumbersome)
Proximity – siaxlove
Lassitude – gadaRliloba
To vitiate – gafuWeba, waxdena, CaSla
Concomitant to – Tanxmlebi, Tanamdevi
To rest one’s head on the desk – Tavis magidaze dadeba
Aural = using the ears or hearing; smeniTi
To vitiate the learning process – saswavlo procesis CaSla
The scion of an affluent family – mdidari ojaxis STamomavali
To be in proximity to opulence – iyo axlos simdidresTan
Progeny = offspring, descendants; STamomavloba, Svilebi
Enervating sun – momTenTavi mze
To stagger = to walk unsteadily; barbaciT siaruli
Vituperative – Seuracxmyofeli
A vapid life – mosawyeni sicocxle; a vapid speech – mosawyeni sityva / saubari
To be disgruntled about = be dissatisfied with
To preclude conviction – xeli SeuSalo braleulobis ganaCenis gamotanas
On pins and needles – eklebze jdoma
To cool one’s heels = be kept waiting
4th day
To augment – gaZliereba, gazrda
Fatuous – uazro, suleluri (= inane)
To contort – mokuntva, damanWva
Repertoire – repertuari
Imperceptible – umniSvnelo, SeumCneveli
To augment speech – metyvelebis gaZliereba
Silent motion picture – uxmo filmi
Flamboyant = behaving in a very noticeable, extravagant way; TvalSisacemi, myvirala
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To fling one’s arms wide – xelebis farTod gaSla; to fling, flung, flung
Discreet gestures = reserved gestures
To gain favor with one’s boss – ufrosis keTilganwyobis mopoveba
Obsequious – pirferi, mliqvneli
The paroxysm of coughing – xvelis Semoteva
To gain respite – Svebis miReba
Parsimonious - Zunwi
To augment wealth – simdidris gazrda
To remove sth from its cache – samalavidan amoReba
To have at one’s fingertips - zedmiwevniT codna; xuTi TiTiviT codna
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