Chapter 2

Convert the following signal flow graph into State model.

Conversion of state model into transfer function

Deriving Transfer Function Model

From Linear State Space Model
Known:
X AX BU
Y CX DU
Taking Laplace transform (with zero initial conditions)

sX ( s ) AX ( s ) BU ( s )
Y ( s ) CX ( s ) DU ( s )

ADVANCED CONTROL SYSTEM DESIGN 3

Dr. Radhakant Padhi, AE Dept., IISc-Bangalore
Deriving Transfer functions from
State Space Description

The state equation can be placed in the form

( sI A) X ( s ) BU ( s )
1
Pre-multiplying both sides by ( sI A)
X ( s ) ( sI A) 1 BU ( s )
Substituting for X (s) in the output equation,
Y (s) C ( sI A) 1 B D U ( s )
Transfer Function Matrix T ( s )
ADVANCED CONTROL SYSTEM DESIGN 4
Dr. Radhakant Padhi, AE Dept., IISc-Bangalore
Example
State space model
x1 0 1 x1 0
u
x2 2 3 x2 1
A B

x1
y 1 0 0 u
x2
C D

Using the expression for derived transfer function

Y ( s) 1 1
U ( s) s2 3s 2 ( s 1)( s 2)
ADVANCED CONTROL SYSTEM DESIGN 5
Dr. Radhakant Padhi, AE Dept., IISc-Bangalore
Example: Detail Algebra
1
T s C sI A B D
1
s 0 0 1 0
1 0 0
0 s 2 3 1
1
s 1 0
1 0
2 s 3 1
1 s 3 1 0
1 0
s s 3 2 2 s 1
1 1 1
1 0
s2 3s 2 s s2 3s 2
ADVANCED CONTROL SYSTEM DESIGN 6
Dr. Radhakant Padhi, AE Dept., IISc-Bangalore