UNIT 7 The Digestive System ‘The digestive system consists of the alimentary canal and the accessory organs ibe) is @ continuous tube about thirty feet (9 m) long, which extends from the mouth to the anus. The greater partis coiled up in the cavity of the abdomen, ‘The mouth is a nearly oval-shaped cavit ‘The roof is formed by the hard and soft pal the esophagus perforates the diaphragm a temporary receptacle for food. The shape and ‘changes within itself, and in the surrounding orga by (1) the amount of the stomach contents, (2) the stage of cubic centimeters of gastric fluid or mucin. When contracted, the shape of the stomach is ‘comparable to a sickle or sausage. The stomach presents two openings and two borders or curvatures. The opening by which the stomach communicates with the esophagus is known with the duodenum ike muscles known as as the cardia or esophageal orifice, and the orifice which commu is known as the pylorus. Both apertures are guarded by ring sphincters which, when contracted, keep the orifices closed. ine extends frém the pylorus to the colic valve. ee feet in length. For descriptive purpose, the smi a convoluted tube estine is divided is wider than the small into four parts the cecum vermiform appendix, colon, rectum and anal canal ‘The accessory organs of digestion are: the tongue, the teeth, the salivary glands, the pancreas and the liver. eis the special organ of the sense of taste, It assists in mastication, degluttion, | | } | | | i | { \ ANATOMY ‘The pancreas lies in front of the first and second lumber vertebrae and behind i ich. Two secretions are formed in the pancreas : (1) the pancreatic fluid, one of t ive fluids and is poured into the duodenum during intestiol formed by the islands of Langerhans ; i to fifty-six ounet oof the diaphragm, and the anterior walls of ‘The liver may be regarded as made up of lobule is composed of a mi the hey ‘ducts. Thus each lobule has all the esse: udder is a lodged in the gall bladder fossa on the unde is held in place by connective tissue. It serves as a reservoi for the bile. Pronunciation digestive ~ digestion Words and Phrases = tubal digestiv = organe anexe = vestibul gastric fluid ~ suc gastric curvatures = curburi