Republic of the Philippines

Mindanao State University

COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCIENCES
Marawi City

“IDENTIFICATION OF AWARENESS LEVEL BY THE MARANAOS OF

LANAO DEL SUR TOWARD COVID-19: CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
FOLLOWING AN OUTBREAK”

A Quantitative Research Paper

Presented to
Dr. Salmah Basher
Faculty of the College of Health Sciences
Mindanao State University
Marawi City

In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements
For the Course
NSG 125 (Research Methods)
S. Y. 2020-2021

By

Mustapha, Nadja Jamilah D.

February 2021
 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

In the last century, the emergence of various virus strains continue to fret and burden

countries and regions. In particular, the emergence of Swine Flu (H1N1) on 2009, Hong

Kong Flu (H3N2) on 1968, and Human Immunodefiency Virus (HIV) in 1981 that still

threats public health (pose public health challenges) since its first appearance on June

1981. (LePan, 2020)

On December 2019, 27 cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

(SARS-CoV-2) emerged for the first time in Wuhan, Province of Hubei. The novel virus

is part of the corona virus family. Discovered first in 2002-2003 over severe acute

respiratory syndrome (SARS), and recurred in 2011 through middle east respiratory

syndrome (MERS), both originating from the newly discovered zoonotic origin

coronaviruses. The patients presented with clinical symptoms of respiratory infection,

like dyspnea, dry cough, and fever. (Mehta P., 2020)

To date, stellar numbers of mortality and infection have been identified in 219

countries, with 2,251,613 deaths, and 103,631,793 confirmed cases (WHO, 2021). The

majority of the causes have recovered spontaneously. Howbeit, some complex cases

caused suppressed immune systems, respiratory depression, cytokine storms and even

death. The complexity of infection continue to pose threats to humans from the novel

corona virus. (Liu K, et al., 2020)

The current corona virus, prominently know as COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2), continue

to affect mankind. Drugs, vaccine and some mechanisms remain in gray areas to

scientists as the corona virus flourishes. (Prompetchara et al., 2020)

 In the Philippines, the first suspect case of SARS-CoV-2 appeared on January 22,

2020, along with 633 other suspected cases as of March 1st of the same year. Patient 2,

who’s health deteriorated died by cardiac arrest and considered to the first death of the

novel corona virus outside China. (Edrada et al., 2020)

Efforts on preventing spread of COVID-19 have been issued by WHO and US of

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Restricted policies are needed to

restrict the COVID-19 spread. Increasing people’s awareness is vital measure to possibly

limit the rate of infection. At any rate, the dilemma of any disease directly affects the

economy, society and mortality. Preventive measures are employed to reduce possibility

of exposure. Essential standards include frequent hand washing, wearing masks, use of

ethyl alcohol, keeping safe distance from other people, vaccines, and staying at home.

Through proper spread of information, fears and anxiety around the disease are

eradicated. People are supported to cope and be resilient with the effects of pandemic to

all population. Different medium can be utilized in providing necessary knowledge of

COVID-19. Such mediums include the television, social media, radios, and public talks.

The world is in the midst of a pandemic and every nation faces the dilemma it

brought along. This scientific inquiry can aid different organizations and government to

plan and implement measures to control COVID-19. This study evaluates public

perception of Maranaos in their households, trusted source information on the novel

corona virus, degree of significant threat and transmission of virus to common people,

associated signs and symptoms of infection and preventive measures of the public. There

is currently no present research regarding the current pandemic in relation to Maranao

people, thus, it is significant to determine awareness of Maranaos in the province of

Lanao del Sur where high volumes of mobility and travel persist even in the prevalence

of a contagious disease.

Conceptual framework

Statement of the problem

This study seeks to find out the level of awareness and responses of Maranaos towards

COVID-19. This study aims to find out the results of the following:

1. What is the respondent’s profile:

1.1 Age

1.2 Gender

1.3 Education

1.4 Employment

1.5 Health status

2. What is the level of awareness of Maranaos towards COVID-19, in terms of:

2.1 Transmission

1.2 Preventive Measures

1.3 Treatment

1.4 Vaccination

1.5 Health status

 3. What is the Maranaos sources of information on COVID-19?

4. What is the preventive measures done by Maranaos to avoid transmission of

COVID-19?

Scope and Delimitation

The researchers aim to study the level of awareness and responses of contacted

Maranaos towards COVID-19 from Lanao del Sur. The population to evaluate consist of

all contacted individuals aged 18 years old and above who are willing to participate in

the study. The researchers will provide online questionnaires that is the main instrument

to be used by the researcher in gathering the data needed. The results of the

questionnaires will be gathered and analyzed by the researchers. The study is delimited

to the utilization of a survey questionnaire.

Definition of Terminologies

For a better understanding, the following terms are defined operationally and

theoretically.

Virus – an infective agent that typically consists of a nucleic acid molecule in a protein

coat, is too small to be seen by light microscopy, and is able to multiply only within the

living cells of a host.

(https://languages.oup.com/google-dictionary-en/)

Zoonosis – an infection or disease that is transmissible from animals to humans under

natural conditions.

(https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/zoonotic )

Dyspnea – is the medical term for shortness of breath.

(https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/dyspnea.htm)
Mortality – is a measure of the frequency of occurrence of death in a defined population

during a specified interval.

(https://www.cdc.gov/csels/dsepd/ss1978/lesson3/section3.html)

Pandemic – an epidemic occurring worldwide, or over a very wide area, crossing

international boundaries and usually affecting a large number of people.

(https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/89/7/11-0%20pandemics)

Transmission (medicine) – is the passing of a disease from an infected individual or

group to a previously uninfected individual or group.

(https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/transmission_(medicine).htm)