摘要：

背景：当从疟疾传播度低的地区前往传播度高的地区时，外来人员比常住
人口更容易受到感染。在撒哈拉以南非洲务工的中国工人面临着较高的疟疾感
染风险。本研究以在撒哈拉以南非洲的中国劳务工人为研究对象，研究了他们
关于疟疾防治的错误认知。

方法：本研究运用质性研究方法。针对 20 名在撒哈拉以南的非洲工作的中
国工人，两名研究人员进行了半结构式访谈，并逐字记录，最终使用编码提取
主题进行分析。

结果：研究的参与者主要存在 7 个针对疟疾的错误认知，分别是：（1）在
非洲按蚊的叮咬不可避免；（2）在非洲人人都携带疟原虫但可能没有疟疾症状；
（3）免疫力下降会引发疟疾；（4）出现身体不适时优先考虑疟疾；（5）未经
确诊也可以自行服用抗疟药；（ 6）及时治疗疟疾就不会出现严重后果；
（7）“宿命观”。

讨论：中国赴非劳务工人存在针对疟疾防治的错误观念，这些错误观念可
能导致不良的健康行为，并进一步影响该群体在撒南非洲疟疾感染风险。研究
提示，有必要针对在非洲的中国劳务人员开展相关健康传播研究，以降低该群
体的疾病风险并提升其健康水平。

Abstract:

Background: The migrants are more likely to be infected than the local population when
traveling from low malaria transmission areas to areas with high transmission. Chinese
workers working in sub-Saharan Africa face a higher risk of malaria infection. This study
takes Chinese laborers in sub-Saharan Africa as the research object and studied their
misconceptions about malaria prevention and treatment.

Methods: This study uses qualitative research methods. Two researchers conducted semi-
structured interviews for 20 Chinese workers working in sub-Saharan Africa, recorded them
verbatim, and finally used codes to extract themes for analysis.

Results: Participants of the study mainly have 7 misconceptions about malaria, namely :( 1) In
Africa, anopheles bites are unavoidable. (2) Everyone in Africa carries malaria parasites, but
not everyone has malaria symptoms. (3) A weakened immune system can trigger malaria (4)
Malaria would be the first conjecture when there is indisposition. (5) People can also take
antimalarial drugs on their own without or before diagnosis (6) Timely treatment will not
cause serious consequences. (7) The view of fatality.

Discussion: Chinese labor workers in Africa have misconceptions about malaria prevention
and treatment. These misconceptions may lead to poor health behaviors and further affect the
risk of malaria infection in this group in sub-Saharan Africa. Research suggests that it is
necessary to carry out relevant health transmission research for Chinese laborers in Africa to
reduce the disease risk of this group and improve their health.