PLAYING POOL WITH π

(THE NUMBER π FROM

A BILLIARD POINT OF VIEW)
G. GALPERIN
Reg. Chaot. Dyn. 2003, 8 (4), 375-394

References

[1] V. I. Arnold. Ordinary Differential Equations.
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1973.
P. 2, Problem 1.
[2] Petr Beckmann. A History of π (pi). Golem Press.
1971.
[3] G. L. L. Comte de Buffon. Sur le jeu de franc-carreau.
1777. (See also web site
http://www.cut-the-knot.com/fta/Buffon/buffon9.htm)
[4] Web site on Buffon’s Needle:
http://stud4.tuwien.ac.at/˜e9527412/Buffon.html
[5] G. A. Galperin, A. N. Zemliakov. Mathematical Bil-
liards. Bibliotechka “Kvant”, Issue 77. Moscow:
Nauka. 1990. (In Russian)
[6] Ya. G. Sinai. Introduction to Ergodic Theory. Prince-
ton University Press, Princeton, N.J. 1976.
[7] D. O. Shklarsky, N. N. Chentzov, and I. M. Yaglom.
The USSR Olympiad Problem Book. Dover Publi-
cations, Inc., NY. 1994. Problem 239 (b), p. 55.
[8] Alf van der Poorten. A proof that Euler missed.
Math. Intelligencer. 1979.
[9] Web site on π:
http://cgi.aros.net/˜angio/pi stuff/bigpi.cgi?UsrQuery
= 999999999