Wi-Fi Advanced Solutions

Wi-Fi Offload

Souleymane FAYE
June 2016
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 Agenda
• Wi-Fi evolution

• Wi-Fi offer

• Wi-Fi Offload Architecture & OS support

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 Wi-Fi & Data evolution
Over the last number of years mobile operators have seen
unprecedented growth in the amount of mobile data traffic in their
networks.
The growth continues to overwhelm many mobile operators’
networks leading to high levels of network congestion, increased
costs and poor user experience.
Data growth is predicted to grow at a CAGR of 52%
Even new cellular technologies such as LTE and LTE-A may not
be able to keep pace with these demands.

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World Developed markets Emerging markets

3 November 2015 - Gemalto confidential

 Wi-Fi & Data evolution

At the same time, the demand

for mobile data traffic is
increasing, operators are seeing
falling revenues per gigabyte
commensurate with the amount Data consumption/cost
of data being consumed.

Revenue Growth
Customer are less and less
willing to pay for increased data
usage.

4 November 2015 - Gemalto confidential

 Why consider Wi-Fi Offloading?
Wi-Fi combines both the benefits of smaller cell sizes
and the use of unlicensed spectrum.
Wi-Fi is a much lower cost alternative to increase
network capacity when compared to traditional cellular
base station deployments.
Wi-Fi is supported by 99% of all smartphones

5 November 2015 - Gemalto confidential

 Wi-Fi Offload
Gemalto & Openet Offer

6 August 2015 - Gemalto confidential

 What’s the solution?

Network Selection Intelligence (NSI)

automatically connect mobile customers

to defined mobile and Wi-Fi networks
with intelligent offload decisions
through integration with policy and
charging control systems

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 Connection to Wi-Fi based on threshold
1 2 3 4

1 1 1 1
Entering Connect Leaving Disconnect
Wi-Fi range Wi-Fi Wi-Fi Range Wi-Fi

Claudio is entering Once inside the After he’s meeting Once below the
the range of it’s a building, the Wi-Fi Claudio leaves the threshold defined by
access point. signal is above office. Wi-Fi signal its mobile operator,
Wi-Fi performance quality threshold quality decreases .. connection switch in
is not good enough defined by its Mobile 4G. Claudio doesn’t
to switch its operator, and worries, he knows
connection from 4G connection switch to that he will always
to Wi-Fi. Wi-Fi. benefit from the
best quality

Quality of Service

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 PRIORITIZE Wi-Fi NETWORK

1 2 3

1 1 1
CONNECT ENTER RANGE CONNECT
WI-FI N°1 WI-FI N°2 WI-FI N°2

Dimitri moves into range Dimitri continues to move, Dimitri is seamlessly

of an access point and and enter into range of connected to this 2d
connects at specified another access point. access point, as soon as
threshold as define by its This one has higher the quality level is
Mobile operator to ensure priority for its mobile achieved, and even if he’s
quality. operator. still in the range of the
first one.

Connect to highest priority Wi-Fi network

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 Openet Wi-Fi Offload
Measures the quality of available
Wi-Fi networks & evaluates signal strength
thresholds before changing the connection
Define priorities per each user group
Allows setting priorities for connections based
on contextual information
Allows the use of contextual information as
time of day, location, subscriber identity and
history
Ability to reconnect to a preferred network
when available at a later time
Will never force disconnect from private
networks
10 November 2015 - Gemalto confidential
 Mobile app advantages
Wi-Fi usage is on private home or office access points.
Clientless solutions can manage operator trusted networks but only
a client can make secure connections over any Wi-Fi network.

Quality measure & priority

Clientless solutions cannot measure the network quality as it
reaches the mobile device, neither allow to disconnect and connect
to preferred networks. A client can manage priorities and
connectivity based on thresholds and rules.

Full control & data capture

Complete picture of connectivity and usage behavior with a simple
way to change the connectivity rules and improve user flow.

11 November 2015 - Gemalto confidential

 Wi-Fi Offload
Architecture & Mobile Support

12 August 2015 - Gemalto confidential

 Openet ANDSF Client and Server Solution

S14

ANDSF Server

The ANDSF server is responsible for distributing policies to the client

(mobile application).
S14 – OM DM SyncML over TLS protocol for information exchange
Regular pull from mobile side to receive updated rules

13 November 2015 - Gemalto confidential

Openet ANDSF Server
3GPP ANDSF Compliant
Full release 11 ISMP, ISRP and
Discovery Information Support
Capable of integrating with a
large number of NEs
Built on Openet Framework
meaning the solution is highly
scalable and provides a large
amount of flexibility to integrate
custom business logic

Web based dashboard interface:

Creation of ANDSF polices and management of access network information
View per client and per AP information on data usage, applications, QoE, offload
behaviour
Policy Web Care 1/3
What network?
• Set type
• Authentication
• Network name
Policy Web Care 2/3
Where are the
networks?
Chose on a map or set
a cell ID
Policy Web Care 3/3
Openet ANDSF Client
Supported on all versions of Android from Gingerbread
onwards
User space application meaning it can be made available
in an application store e.g. Google Play
(no rooting, device/kernel modifications or MR process)
Supports:
ANDSF Standards Compliant
Network discovery and selection (ISMP)
Authentication: WEP, WPA-EAP, WPA-PSK, EAP-PEAP,
EAP-SIM
Policy rule criteria including time of day, location (Geo,
CellId, LAC/TAC, PLMN)
Monitoring and Analytics
 Openet ANDSF Client – User Interface samples
Android library (Android OS 2.3 – 5.x)
iOS SDK (iOS 9.x)
Windows phone SDK roadmap for 2016

Simple activation app, no

user settings

Full application – end user

settings and controls

19 November 2015 - Gemalto confidential

 MNO Integration

21 November 2015 - Gemalto confidential

ANDSF Architecture & Flow
 Integration
PCRF/OCS
Openet ANDSF solution offers dynamic use cases through integration with PCRF and/or
OCS
usage triggered policies
location based policies,
data alert configuration, OCS

SPR

PCRF
Openet
ANDSF Server MNO

SPR
The Subscribers with currently provisioned products and services may be stored in an
existing Subscriber Profile Repository (SPR).
ANDSF server retrieves subscriber profile information & determines the offload policy
based on the base plan contracted by the Subscriber.

Multiple protocols are supported, however more commonly SOAP and LDAP have
been used.

24 November 2015 - Gemalto confidential

 Thanks

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Backup Slides
 Use Cases & Features
Extract

28 November 2015 - Gemalto confidential

Time and Location Based
All ISMP and ISRP policies can be associated
with time and location based validity criteria

A policy can be valid during a given period of time

or set of times
(e.g. every Saturday from 2 to 6 pm).

A policy shall apply in given location defined by:

Geographic Area (Lat, Long, Radius)
LAC/TAC
Cell ID or group of Cell IDs
PLMN
Only when certain Wi-Fi APs are visible (WLAN
Location)
Authentication

• EAP-PEAP uses login and password for authentication

• EAP-SIM uses device SIM card data for authentication
(After Android 4.3 -inclusive- auto detection of EAP-SIM is supported)
• If EAP-SIM and EAP-PEAP are available, EAP-SIM is used over EAP-PEAP

• WEP, WPA-EAP, WPA-PSK, PEAP, WISPr

 Reconnection timer

• This solves the problem of a user manually

deleting the operator Wi-Fi Network profile
from their device
• In many cases users remove the operator
defined Wi-Fi network due to poor quality or to
force the device to connect to another network
• In this case the user was never reconnected to
the Wi-Fi network

• When the user manually removes an ANDSF

provisioned network the Openet agent will not
reconnect to it for the reconnection
timer duration
• Value on deployment: 10min
Private AP Prioritisation
The Openet Agent must not interfere
with the users network selection
decisions
Users will have their own private
access points provisioned in their
conenction manager (e.g. Work,
Home, their favourite coffee shop
etc.)
The Openet agent makes sure that
these networks are given priority over
any ANDSF provisioned network
Wi-Fi Network QoE Monitoring
Disconnect QoE criteria allows a client to disconnect from a Wi-Fi
AP when the QoE falls below the defined threshold
When connected to Wi-Fi Openet’s client periodically tests the Wi-
Fi network connectivity state and quality

QoS calculation is done using an emulated voice call

Voice calls are very sensitive to network conditions and as such are a
good metric to assess the quality of the network
Client transmits an emulated voice call and obtains the network
performance parameters delay, jitter and packet loss
The ITU-T E-Model is then used to compute a QoS metric in the
range 0-100 (this can also be converted to a MOS value)
 Wi-Fi Offload Management Function
• The management of specifc Wi-Fi connections is the central function of the Intelligent Wi-Fi
Offload agent

• Wi-Fi connection management is done by the rules engine based on the following inputs:
• ANDSF specified rules. Provided by the operator to the device via the S14 server interface
• Environmental conditions. The device operates in a dynamic environment. For example:
• Wi-Fi APs in-range and signal strengths (RSSI) of each
• Device Location
• Time of day
• User preference. The agent respects the manual connection choices of the user.

ANDSF

Environmental Rule Connection

Engine Decision

User Preference
Rule Evaluation - Triggering
• Inputs to the connection decision are continuously
changing RuleEval
Trigger
• The evaluation of connection rules are triggered by the
detection of any changes to connection criteria. Eval
Triggered

• Trigger Reasons:
• Successful sync with ANDSF server over S14 Rule
• A new set of Wi-Fi scan results from the Android API Evaluation
• On QoE test completion
Rule
• On location change Selected

• On connectivity test failure

• After a configured time period Rule
Activation
Rule Evaluation - Assessment
The same algorithm is used for assessment each time.
• Handles user preference as a priority RuleEval
Trigger
• User forgotten ANDSF AP configurations
• In-range user “private” AP configurations Eval
Triggered

• For each ISMP rule all input criteria are reassessed

for: Rule
• APs in-range against those in the rule Evaluation
• Location match
Rule
• Time-of-day match Selected

• Connectivity or QoE Test failure match

• Blacklist entry match Rule
• RSSI criteria match Activation

• Lag time critieria match

Rule Evaluation - Activation
Only one rule is selected out of an evaluation
• There may be no valid rule to select RuleEval
Trigger
• One SSID is qualified for connection from the rule
Eval
• The Android API is used to configure the Triggered

connection according to the ANDSF Access

Network information Rule
Evaluation
• Connection attempts normally only select an SSID
• Some occasions may require the selection of a Rule
Selected
given AP using the BSSID
• The progress of the connection request is Rule
Activation
monitored and the outcome handled
• A change to the connection state is handled
 Thanks

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