(1) GADD45B growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible, beta:

This gene is a member of a group of genes whose transcript levels are

increased following stressful growth arrest conditions and treatment with
DNA-damaging agents. The genes in this group respond to environmental
stresses by mediating activation of the p38/JNK pathway. This activation is
mediated via their proteins binding and activating MTK1/MEKK4 kinase,
which is an upstream activator of both p38 and JNK MAPKs.
The function of these genes or their protein products is involved in the
regulation of growth and apoptosis. These genes are regulated by different
mechanisms, but they are often coordinately expressed and can function
cooperatively in inhibiting cell growth. A change in state or activity of a cell
or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene
expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular
homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature,
humidity, ionizing radiation).

(2) ALDH1A2: Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2

This protein belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family of proteins. The
product of this gene is an enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of retinoic acid
(RA) from retinaldehyde. Retinoic acid, the active derivative of vitamin A
(retinol), is a hormonal signaling molecule that functions in developing and
adult tissues. The studies of a similar mouse gene suggest that this enzyme and
the cytochrome CYP26A1, concurrently establish local embryonic retinoic acid
levels which facilitate posterior organ development and prevent spina bifida.
Three transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this
gene.
(3) CSNK2B: Casein Kinase 2, Beta polypeptide:
This gene encodes the beta subunit of casein kinase II, a ubiquitous protein
kinase which regulates metabolic pathways, signal transduction, transcription,
translation, and replication. The enzyme is composed of three subunits, alpha,
alpha prime and beta, which form a tetrameric holoenzyme. The alpha and
alpha prime subunits are catalytic, while the beta subunit serves regulatory
functions. The enzyme localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi
apparatus.
Function: Participates in Wnt signaling (By similarity). Plays a complex role
in regulating the basal catalytic activity of the alpha subunit.

(4) PLAU : Plasminogen activator, urokinase:

This gene encodes a serine protease involved in degradation of the
extracellular matrix and possibly tumor cell migration and proliferation. A
specific polymorphism in this gene may be associated with late-onset
Alzheimer's disease and also with decreased affinity for fibrin-binding. This
protein converts plasminogen to plasmin by specific cleavage of an Arg-Val
bond in plasminogen. Plasmin in turn cleaves this protein at a Lys-Ile bond to
form a two-chain derivative in which a single disulfide bond connects the
amino-terminal A-chain to the catalytically active, carboxy-terminal B-chain.
This two-chain derivative is also called HMW-uPA (high molecular weight
uPA). HMW-uPA can be further processed into LMW-uPA (low molecular
weight uPA) by cleavage of chain A into a short chain A (A1) and an amino-
terminal fragment. LMW-uPA is proteolytically active but does not bind to the
uPA receptor. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different
isoforms have been found for this gene.
(5) BEX2: Brain Expressed X-linked 2:

FUNCTION: Signaling adapter molecule involved in p75NTR/NGFR

signaling. Plays a role in cell cycle progression and neuronal differentiation.
Inhibits neuronal differentiation in response to nerve growth factor (NGF).
May act as a link between the cell cycle and neurotrophic factor signaling,
possibly by functioning as an upstream modulator of receptor signaling,
coordinating biological responses to external signals with internal cellular
states.
SUBUNIT: Interacts with neurotrophin receptor p75NTR/NGFR. Interacts
with OMP.
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Note: Shuttles between
the cytoplasm and the nucleus.
TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in central nervous system, with high
level in pituitary, cerebellum and temporal lobe. Expressed in lung, skeletal
muscle, peripheral blood leukocyte, stomach, lymph node, trachea and bone
marrow. Highly expressed in acute myeloid leukemia.
Host: Rabbit

(6) ADD 1: adducin 1 (alpha)

Adducins are a family of cytoskeleton proteins encoded by three genes (alpha,

beta, and gamma). Adducin is a heterodimeric protein that consists of related
subunits, which are produced from distinct genes but share a similar structure.
Alpha- and beta-adducin include a protease-resistant N-terminal region and a
protease-sensitive, hydrophilic C-terminal region. Alpha- and gamma-adducins
are ubiquitously expressed. In contrast, beta-adducin is expressed at high levels
in brain and hematopoietic tissues. Adducin binds with high affinity to Ca
(2+)/calmodulin and is a substrate for protein kinases A and C. Alternative
splicing results in multiple variants encoding distinct isoforms; however, not all
variants have been fully described.
Function: Membrane-cytoskeleton-associated protein that promotes the
assembly of the spectrin-actin network. Binds to calmodulin.

(7) EGR2 : Early growth response 2 (Krox-20 homolog, Drosophila):

Function: The EGR2 gene provides instructions for making a protein called
early growth response 2, which is part of the early growth response family of
proteins. These proteins bind to specific areas of DNA and help control the
activity of particular genes. On the basis of this action, the proteins are referred
to as transcription factors.

The early growth response 2 protein activates several genes that are involved in
the formation and maintenance of myelin, the fatty substance that covers and
protects nerve cells. Myelin promotes the efficient transmission of nerve
impulses. If myelin is lost (demyelination) or its structure is disrupted, the
transmission of nerve impulses is impaired.

The protein encoded by this gene is a transcription factor with three tandem
C2H2-type zinc fingers. Defects in this gene are associated with Charcot-Marie-
Tooth disease type 1D (CMT1D), Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4E
(CMT4E), and with Dejerine-Sottas syndrome (DSS). Multiple transcript
variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene.
 (8) BR13 : Brain protein 13:
(9) ATF5: Activating transcription factor 5:

Also known as ATF5, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the ATF5

gene. ATF5 has been classified as a member of the activating transcription
factor (ATF)/cAMP response-element binding protein (CREB) family. ATF5
transcripts and protein are expressed in a wide variety of tissues, particularly
high expression of transcripts in liver. It is also present in a variety of tumor cell
types.

ATF5 expression is regulated at the transcriptional and translational level.

Gene type: protein coding

Function: Transcriptional activator which binds the cAMP response element

(CRE) (consensus: 5'-GTGACGT[AC][AG]-3'), a sequence present in many
viral and cellular promoters and blocks the ifferentiation of neuroprogenitor
cells into neurons. Its transcriptional activity is enhanced by CCND3 and
slightly inhibited by CDK4.plays a role in inhibition of nerve growth factor-
induced neuronal outgrowth and regulation of neurogenesis
(10) CCL3: Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3:

Function: Monokine with inflammatory and chemokinetic properties. Binds to

CCR1, CCR4 and CCR5. One of the major HIV-suppressive factors produced
by CD8+ T-cells. Recombinant MIP-1-alpha induces a Dose-dependent
inhibition of different strains of HIV-1, HIV-2, and simian immunodeficiency
virus (SIV)
Location: Secreted.
Induction: By TPA or PHA (TPA = 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13 acetate
(tumor promoter); PHA = phytohemagglutinin (T-cell mitogen)) Definition:
protein secreted into cell surrounding
(1) GADD45B : Growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducable, beta
(2) ALDH1A2 : Aldehyde dehydrogenase1 family, member A2.
(3) CSNK2B : Case in kinase 2, beta polypeptide
(4) PLAU : Plasminogen activator, urokinase
(5) BEX2 : Brain expressed X-linked 2
(6) ADD1 : Adducin 1 (alpha)
(7) EGR2 : Early growth response 2 (Krox-20 homolog, Drosophila)
(8) BR13 : Brain protein 13
(9) ATF5 : Activating transcription factor 5
(10) CCL3 : Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3