Aurangzeb – Audrey Truschke

- To be Compared with James Laine’s Shivaji

Jharoka – ornamental window from where the kings give darśan

- With the light… equating the light with glorious light of the sun…
The Princes of the Mughal Empire – Farruki
-
mansab – lit. rank
appanage system was dismissed by Akbar
 - centralizing authority with the emperor
- limiting to the family
- integrating Rajputs and others
- mansab – based on number of soldiers one had to master
- jāgīr – holding lands and raising taxes and use the taxes to support some number of
soldiers
- mansab system is different from “feudal” system
- emperor could shift the mansab…
- museum of Indian textiles – sarabhai
- Surat –
- Battle of samugarh
Dara Shikoh – Samudrasangama –
- Book on yoga…
Pidar gir
Khutba/Sikah (coins)

farmān – emperor’s law

nishān – prince’s statement – almost a mini-emperor
akhbarāt – news …
mahfi

Two big temples were destroyed by Aurangzeb

He also destroyed an ’Ashur khana – on the tenth of Muharram – 10th day…

Imam-bara
twentieth wife

bidiniyan

Challenges to Mughal Empire

- Rajputs
- Marathas
Jaipur – Kicchwaha

Akbar’s governor Man Singh who was a follower of Catanya…

Poetry of kings – Allison Bush

Sunil Kumar’s book on Delhi Sultanate – discussion on appanage