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  • Generate A 256-Bit Stream Out of A Pin at 4 MHZ While The Mcu Operates at 32 MHZ Clock Frequency

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    vikram k
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    The document describes how to generate a 256-bit stream from a microcontroller pin at 4 MHz when the microcontroller operates at 32 MHz. It recommends using an 8-bit timer that toggles the pin every 8 clock cycles, resetting the timer each time. For an 8 MHz stream, it would toggle the pin every 4 clock cycles. It also discusses using interrupts or polling to change the pin state and reset the timer.

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    Quiz electronics

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    The document describes how to generate a 256-bit stream from a microcontroller pin at 4 MHz when the microcontroller operates at 32 MHz. It recommends using an 8-bit timer that toggles the pin every 8 clock cycles, resetting the timer each time. For an 8 MHz stream, it would toggle the pin every 4 clock cycles. It also discusses using interrupts or polling to change the pin state and reset the timer.

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    26 views1 page

    Generate A 256-Bit Stream Out of A Pin at 4 MHZ While The Mcu Operates at 32 MHZ Clock Frequency

    Uploaded by

    vikram k
    The document describes how to generate a 256-bit stream from a microcontroller pin at 4 MHz when the microcontroller operates at 32 MHz. It recommends using an 8-bit timer that toggles the pin every 8 clock cycles, resetting the timer each time. For an 8 MHz stream, it would toggle the pin every 4 clock cycles. It also discusses using interrupts or polling to change the pin state and reset the timer.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 1

    1.

    Generate a 256-bit stream out of a pin at 4 MHz while the MCU operates at 32 MHz clock
    frequency:
     I would use an 8-bit timer and every time the timer measures 8 clock cycles I would
    toggle the pin and reset the timer. (32 MHz/4 MHz = 8 clock cycles).
     The timer runs independent of the CPU, there should not be any clock jitters.
     If the timer supports generating an interrupt when a programmed value is reached in
    the timer register, then I would use that interrupt service routine to change pin state.
     if not, I can also use a while loop to continuously poll the timer value to change the pin
    state and reset the timer.
     For generating the 256-bit stream at 8 MHz I would simply toggle the pin every time the
    timer measures 4 clock cycles (32 MHz/8 MHz = 4 clock cycles).

    2. USB3.0 Hub design

    I would Cypress HX3 USB 3.0 hub controller (CYUSB3304- 68LTXC) for this USB3.0 hub design.

    Following are the main blocks of the hub design:

    1. USB3.0 Hub Controller IC (CYUSB3304- 68LTXC)


    2. Power supply for the IC and for bus powered devices (The hub can supply power to USB2.0
    devices)
    a. Choice of linear regulators vs switching regulators will depend on efficiency, thermal
    and cost requirements of the design.
    b. If the main power supply to the design is already 5V DC, then I would use LDO since there
    is energy wasted in stepping down from 5V to 3.3C/1.8V to power the IC.
    c. If the main power supply is 9V or 12V DC, then I would use a dual output switching
    regulator with 5V DC output to power USB2.0 devices and 3.3V/1.8V output to power
    the IC.
    3. USB 2.0 and 3.0 connectors with ESD protectors. The USB signals from the connectors are
    prone to ESD while connecting the USB devices or cable, so care should be taken to use
    appropriate ESD protector ICs on all the USB lines.
    4. Ferrite beads might also be used to eliminate any noise on the power rails.
    5. PTC Fuse can be used to protect the USB devices against over current or short circuit
    conditions.
    6. A status LED can also be used to indicate power on of the device and also to display the
    status (using RGB LED or define LED blink rates for different conditions)

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