Ben Lennard A.

Ces
12 – Vector
WHAT TO TRY

#1 100.0%

#2
Ben Lennard A. Ces
12 – Vector
LET’S APPRAISE
Page 77

a.
3.0 N 4.0 N Fnet = 1.0 N

b. 2.0 N

3.0 N 5.0 N
Fnet = 2.0 N
2.0 N

c. .
2.0 N

3.0 N 2.0 N This object is at rest

Fnet = 0 N because the net force is 0.
1.0 N
2.0 N

LET’S APPRAISE
Page 79

1. What is the acceleration of a bowling ball with a mass of 50.0 kg if a net force of 20 N is
acting on it?
𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡
𝑎=
𝑚
20 𝑁
𝑎=
50.0 𝑘𝑔

𝑎 = 0.40 𝑚/𝑠 2

2. What is the applied force needed on a 2.0 kg of block of wood accelerating at 4.0 m/s 2
along a rough table with a 10 N force of friction acting in the opposite direction?
𝑚 = 2.0 𝑘𝑔
𝑎 = 4.0 𝑚/𝑠 2

𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 𝑚𝑎
𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = (2.0 𝑘𝑔)( 4.0 𝑚/𝑠 2 )
𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 8.0 𝑁

Using the free-body diagram:

𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 8.0 𝑁 𝑎 = 4.0 𝑚/𝑠 2

Ff = 10 N Fa = ?

𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 𝐹𝑎 + 𝐹𝑓
8.0 𝑁 = 𝐹𝑎 − 10 𝑁
𝐹𝑎 = 8.0 𝑁 + 10 𝑁
𝐹𝑎 = 18.0 𝑁
Ben Lennard A. Ces
12 – Vector
LET’S APPRAISE
Page 81

a. When the ball is kicked, the football player

experienced the same amount of force the ball
experienced. As the football player kicks the
ball with a force of 500 N [North], the ball
exerts a force of 500 N [South] back to the
football player.

b. When a book is pushed down on a table the book Book

exerts the force on the table and the table exerts
an equal force (but in the opposite direction) on
the book. So when the book is pushed down on a
table with a force of 25 N, the table also exerts a
force of 25 N back to the book.
FBook

Additional, at the floor surface the force exerted

by down the table is shared out by the legs of the
table and pushes down on the surface – the floor
then pushes up with an equal but opposite
reaction force.

c. A gun exerts a force of 1,000 N [East] on the

bullet when it is fired. The bullet recoils with a
force of 1,000 N [West] back to the gun as a
reaction.

d. When Earth's gravity pulls down an apple with

a force of 5 N, the apple's gravity pulls up on
Earth with the same force at the opposite
direction.
Ben Lennard A. Ces
12 – Vector
LET’S APPRAISE
Page 83

Consider two sleds that connected by a rope. The first sled has a mass of 60 kg, while
the second sled has a mass of 40 kg. If a force of 250 N acting in the direction along the east is
pulled by a rope connected to the first sled, determine the acceleration of the sled and the
tension in the rope connecting the two sleds.

250 N
40 kg 60 kg

𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 250 𝑁
𝑚 = 60 𝑘𝑔 + 40 𝑘𝑔 = 100 𝑘𝑔
𝑎 =?

𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡
𝑎=
𝑚

250 𝑁
𝑎=
100 𝑘𝑔

𝑎 = 2.5 𝑚/𝑠 2

𝑚1
𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 = (𝐹)
𝑚1 + 𝑚2

40 𝑘𝑔
𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 = (250 𝑁)
100 𝑘𝑔

40 𝑘𝑔
𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 = (250 𝑁)
100 𝑘𝑔

𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 = (0.4)(250 𝑁)

𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 100 𝑁
Ben Lennard A. Ces
12 – Vector
LET’S APPRAISE
Page 85

1. Two children are playing a toy. One pulls with a force of 32 N [North] while the other
child pulls with a force of 30 N [South]. What is the net force acting on the toy?

𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 𝐹1 + 𝐹2
𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 32 𝑁 [𝑁] − 30 𝑁[𝑆]
𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 2 𝑁 [𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑡ℎ]

2. A boy has a toy with a mass of 312 g, attached at one end of the string the toy hangs
below his hand. If the boy exerts a force of 3.80 N upward on the string, determine the
following:
a. net force acting on the toy
𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 3.80 𝑁 [𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑡ℎ] + 0 𝑁 [𝑆𝑜𝑢𝑡ℎ]
𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 3.80 𝑁 [𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑡ℎ]

b. acceleration of the toy

𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡
𝑎=
𝑚

3.80 𝑁
𝑎=
0.312 𝑘𝑔

𝑎 = 12.18 𝑚/𝑠 2