An irregular verb is a type of verb that does not follow the general rule of using “-

ed” at the end of the word to make the past tense or the past participle form. It

means the spellings of an irregular verb can be tricky, and may follow a different

pattern.

Defining an Irregular Verb

Irregular verbs live by their own set of rules; they are the mavericks of the English

language. A regular verb will change from present tense to past tense with the

simple addition of -ed at the end.

For example, "I walk" (present tense) becomes "I walked" (past tense). Pretty

regular, right? Irregular verbs, however, don't follow this simple structure.

Let's take the verb to drink. You can't turn, "I drink green tea," into, "I

drinked green tea." For the past tense you say, "I drank green tea." Drink belongs

to the class of irregular verbs because it shifts from drink to drank, not drink

to drinked.

In truth, most of the verbs in the English language are irregular verbs.
The Chart here Show
When to use the simple past tense
We use the simple past tense for actions that began and finished in the past. We
do not have to say exactly when. The important thing is that it happened and is
not happening now.

Example: I saw it.

When to use the past participle

The past participle is used with the following tenses:

Example: I have seen it.

simple past: action completed independent of other events.

past participle: verb terse (usually combined with with some
form of "have" or "be") indicating completion of event prior to
some other event (or or the present).

Example:

Simple Past
XXXJoe ate the entire cake by himself.

Past Participle
XXX(in perfect forms)
XXXJoe had eaten then entire cake before Alice arrived.
XXXXxXJoe's eating of the cake occurred before the time (in the
past) when Alice arrived.