WALK AND CHARGE BY USING PIEZO ELECTRIC PLATES

weakened or destroyed due to over-charging. These chargers vary in that

they can supply either a constant voltage or a constant current, to the battery.
Simple AC-powered battery chargers usually have much higher ripple current
and ripple voltage than other kinds of bnttery chargers because they are inexpensively
designed and built. Generall y, when the ripple current is within a battery's
manufacturer recommended level, the ripple voltage will also be well within the
recommended 1ex'e1. The maximum ripple current for a typical 12 V 1 (X) Ah VRLA
battery is 5 amps. As long zs the ripple current is not excessive (more than 3 to 4
times the battery manufacturer recommended level), the expected life of a ripple-
charged VRLA battery will be within 3% of the life of a constant DC-charged bnttery.

Fig 3.7: Wall Charger

3.7.2 Car Chargers

Car chargers plug into the cigarette lighter outlet or accessory outlet in your
vehicle. allowing you to charge your cell phone while you drive. Car chargers come in
three varieties: fast chargers. rapid chargers and trickle chargers. All three types allow
you to use your cell phone while the battery is charging. The primary difference is the
speed of charge. Use fast chargers with caution. If you do not unplug your cell phone
as soon as the battery is charged, the battery can overheat and become damaged.

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Fig 3.8: Car Charger

3.7.3 Desktop Chargers

Desktop chargers, also known as docking stations, contain a base with one or
more slots to lxild your cell phone or other electronic devices. These chargers
typically connect to your computer with a USB cable. One drawback of desktop
chargers is that you cannot use your cell phone while it is charging.

USB has become as much a standard for connecting power to portable devices as
it has for serial communication. Recently the power aspects of USB have been
extended to cover battery charging as well as AC adapters and other power sources. A
tangible benefit of this wide-spread use is the emergence of interchangeable plugs and
adapters for charging and powering portable devices. This, in turn, allows charging
from a far wider variety of sources than in the past when each device required a
unique adapter. Arguably the most useful benefit of (ISB's power capabilities is the
ability to charge batteries in portable devices. Nonetheless, there is more to battery
charging than picking a power source, (ISB or otherwise. This is particularly true for
Li+ batteries, where improper charging can not only shorten battery life, but also
become a safety hazard. A well-designed charger optimizes safety and the user
experience. It also lowers cost by reducing customer returns and warranty repairs.
Charging batteries with USB requires balancing battery "care and feeding" with
the power limitations of USB and the size and cost barriers ever present in portable
consumer device designs. This article discusses how to achieve this balance.

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CHARTE 4
ANALYSIS
In this analysis we have made the walk and charge by using piezoelectric material. Which is
very uscful in oor daily to charge oor mobüe phone vcry easily and make the two things
same at a time without wasting oor time in oor daily lifes. T he jaiwer gcnerntedby the
vibraäon of the jfczoelectrlc is shown to be a maximum of 2mW, and provide
enough mergy m charge a 40mAh button cell battery in one hoer. jänzoelectric nnterials
form transducers that are able to interchange electrlml energy and mechanical moäon or
force.
This makes us very easy to done our project with very comfortable in oor daily
lifes . A jfczoelectric crystal is plamd between two metal plates. At this point the material
is in perfect balame and does not con‹kct an electric current. Mcchanical presence is then
applied to the material by the metal plates, which forces the electric charles within
the crystal out of balance.

This project is designed to ensure that our cell phones never mn out of juice by
letting us charge it while we are on our daily walk and getting some exercise and thereby
getting two jobs done at the same time. The basic idea is about converting a part of the bio-
nmchanical eaergy spent in our day-to-day lives (while walking) into a usable form and
storing it to charge low-power battery-operated devices.

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CHAPTER 5
ADVANTAGES AND APPLICATIONS

Advantages and Applications of Walk and Charge will be explained in detail in this
chapter.

5.1 Advantages

There are many advantages of Walk and Charge. Some of them are discussed
herc.

5.1.1 Ecofztendty
k is great when you are doing good things for the environment without it being
too much of an effort. For instance, imagine saving power just by walking. A 20-
minute walk can help charge a cell phone battery for one hour.

5.1.2 Portable

It is portable, because it can be easily moved from one place to another, as it is a

smaller device. Thus, it can be easily hold on our legs, while walking.

It is closely packed and looks dense. Thus, it is 1M OFF

applications.

5.1.4 Renewable
The basic principle involved is the conversion of human mechanical power into
electrical signals. The mechanical power comes from human walk, which is abundant.
Thus, this abundant human mochaziical energy can be said as a renewable energy.

It is quite economical, as we have to bare only the cost of the device. The
mechanical energy, which is unlimited costs nothing.

5.1.6 ’Time and Source

Through this, we can charge our mobile phone at aziy time(whether day or

night) and at any situations, wheie ever we are. This can be operated without any.
Power source
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5.2 Applications
• Increasing the effectiveness of mobiles in niral India by providing a portable
means of charging of mobiles, torches, radios.
• Helping military personnel charge their GPS devices and other low-power
electronic gadgets while on the move.
• Providing an alternate means to wall-based charging for MP3 players,
mobiles, etc in cities, thereby, helping today's fast generation to move faster
without mobile battery problems.
5.3 Future Prospectives
• India has signed the Kyoto Protocol — an acknowledgement that we share the
concern of global warming, which also expresses our commitment to slow
down climate change. Walk-N-Charge would just add to the efforts put in by
India in various innovative ways.
• This technique of charging helps us to use the renewable energy from human
movement.
5.4 Future is bright and healthy
The future scope of walk n charge technology is immense. This clean technology
gives an easy way for the user to rim or walk anywhere to charge their phones, in case
of any emergencies. The fear of dying batteries will be completely eliminated by
Walk and Charge. In the future, it is estimated to generate more than 3 W of power
from Wdk and Charge so other devices like GRS systems, microelectronic devices
and smartphones can also be easily charged without the fear of low charge.
The piezoelectric material does not produce very high voltage; it is only about
150mW is only sufficient to charge a battery at a slow pace. But in the future, more
piezoelectric materials can & found and upgraded to reach up to 3W of power. The
dynamo can produce much higher current and thus have more power but their design
is more complex and they are more costly in comparision to the piezoelectriccrystals.

The advantages, applications and future prospectives of walk and charge are
presented.

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CHAPTER 6
CONCLUSION
Even if 0.l& of the Indian population uses this device, it can generate 1500 kW/h
of energy and can help reduce cartoon emission by 2.25 tonnes per day. In this work, an
energy harvester integrated with a power bank was developed to harness human
biomechanical energy, convert it into electricity, and recharge the battery of the power
bank

Thus, walk-n-charge promises us a source of energy that is not only clean,

portable and inexpensive, but also charges our mobile while you get charges our
mobile while you get charged up. Thus in all we conclude that with the process, we
can exact the energy from the human walk. Convert it in to electric energy and use is
into electric energy and use it in real time.

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REFERENCES

[1] Williams. L. Pearce. “Michael Faraday.” p. 296-298, Da Capo series. New

York. N.Y.(1965).
[2] ^ "Experimental Resenrches in Eectricity," Vol. 1, Series I (Nov. 185 I );
footnote for Art. 79. p. 2S, 'Ampere's Inductive Results,' Michael Famday. D.C.L,
F.R.S •: Reprinted From The Philosophical Tmnsnctions Of 1846- 1852. with other
Eectrical Papers from the Proceedings of the Royal Institution and Philosophical
Mngazine, Richard Taylor and William Fmncis. Printers and Publishers to the
University of London, Red Lion Court, Fleet Str.. London, England (1 855).
[3j Harsh pandey. Ishan khan, Arpan gupta Department of Mechanical
Engineering Graphic Era University Dehradun. India. “Walking based wearable
mobile phone charger and lightening system”.2014. [21 International journal of
Innovation Research in Science, Engineering and Technology. "Real Time Battery
Charging System by Human Walking”.2 Feb 2015.
[4] Brogan. Q. O"Connor. T. Dong. SH. Solar and thermal energy harvesting with a
weamble jacket. In: Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE international symposium on
circuits and systems. Melbourne, VIC. Austmlia, 1—5 June 2014. New York: IEEE.
t5]Wang. YT, Yen, KT. Autonomous wenmble sensor nodes with flexible energy
harvesting. IEEE Sens J 2014; 14: 229R-2306.

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Fig 4.0 : Emergency Charger

3.7.5 Green chargers

Some companies have begun manufacturing green chargers. Numerous

companies. such as Electro HiFi and IST SideW inder. produce cmnk chargers ihat
permit you io charge your cell phone by turning a cmnk. These chargers typically
produce small amounts of power. enough to nnke an emergency call. Solio has a
solar-powered charger that can also use USB pows or wall outlets if there is not
enough sunlight. Nokia has created a bicycle charger ihat allows you to charge your
cell phone as you pedal your bike.

Turning apao from the conventional methods of charging the battery of our
mobile phones. this project aims at introducing a new way of mobile phone charging
mobile.

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Fig 3.9: Desktop Charger

3.7.4 Emergency Chargers

Emergency chargers generally require AAA batteries. They do not give enough
power to charge your cell-phone battery completely, but you can get at least a half-
hour of talk time in the event of an emergency.

When 4x 1.5V batteries are connected in series connection the total voltage is
4X 1.5V= 6V which is above the save limit of the phones aitd therefore cannot be
connected directly to a phone for the purpose of charging. Thus, art IC 7805 is used to
regulate the voltage and to make sure that we have a constant 5V output.

The following are the steps to be followed:

1. Cut out the micro end of the USB cable and clip of the data cables. (We require
only red and black wires)

2. Now using a solder iron make the following connections as given below:

3. Paste the IC 7805 on the battery holder using a glue gun so as to secure it on the
surface.

4. Install four AA size batteries in the battery holder (Make sure they are charged)

Now you are ready to test your „Emergency Mobile Charger’

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