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Earth and Space en
Earth and Space en
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Activity 1.1 The pale blue dot
Notebook: Google Earth
Exploring your town
Open Google Earth and type the address of your school in the search box and
click ‘Search’. When you have arrived at your school use the zoom buttons and
the mouse to zoom in and out and explore your school.
1. What do you notice about your school from above that you don’t notice
from the ground?
Zoom out again and explore your local area. Find your house!
Exploring Australia
Type the following places into the Google Earth search box to explore Australia.
Once you arrive at the locations use the zoom and other features of Google
Earth to explore them further.
2. What do you notice about these places from above that you might not
notice from the ground?
User Guide
Exploring the world
Type the following places into the Google Earth search box in order to explore
the world. Once you arrive at the locations use the zoom and other features of
Google Earth to explore them further.
• Mt Everest, the highest point above sea level on Earth.
• Mauna Kea, the tallest volcano on Earth.
• Challenger Deep, the deepest part of the ocean.
• Burj Khalifa, Dubai – the world’s tallest building.
3. What do you notice about these places from above that you might not
notice from the ground?
User Guide
Activity 1.2 What is a resource?
Notebook: Food, material and energy resources
1. How does food get from the farm to your plate? What resources are used in
this process?
2. Look at what you are wearing today. What material resources make up your
clothes?
3. Why do you think fossil fuels (such as coal) are currently the main source
of electricity in Australia?
4. Why do you think technologies such as wind and solar produce only a small
amount of Australia’s electricity?
User Guide
5. In your community what type of energy do you think would be the:
a. easiest to harness?
b. cheapest?
c. most environmentally friendly?
User Guide
Activity 1.3 Renewable versus non-renewable resources
Notebook: Is the resource renewable?
A renewable resource is an infinite source or can be grown and produced within
a human life span.
A non-renewable resource comes from a finite source and cannot be replaced or
grown within a human life span.
1. After exploring the internet links complete this table.
Renewable Non-renewable
2. Using the definitions above complete this table. You might need to do some
internet research on these resources.
Renewable Non-renewable
User Guide
Activity 1.4 How much do you use?
Notebook: Ecological footprint
User Guide
2. Use the ecological footprint calculator to calculate your footprint.
My calculated footprint in hectares = _________
The number of planet Earths needed if everyone lived like me = _________
3. How does the size of your footprint compare to the average Australian’s of
6.25 hectares (2010 data)?
4. How does the size of your footprint compare to the world average of 2.6
hectares (2010 data)?
User Guide
7. Re-calculate your footprint based on your suggestions. What is the
difference?
User Guide
Activity 1.5 Resource use snapshot
School bag contents
Step 1 - List EVERYTHING in your school bag. Use the headings in the table
below as a guide.
Discussion:
1. In the product-life diagram in the Student Guide, consider the stages of an
item that is used only once. With a partner discuss the product lives of the
items in each of your lists.
User Guide
Activity 1.6 What do you think?
Living sustainably
Discussion:
You have now investigated several everyday resources. Consider what they are
made of, where they come from, and how they get to you.
1. Do you think how you use resources is sustainable? Why/why not?
2. How could you use resources more efficiently? What are some examples?
User Guide
In pairs:
• Share your ideas and respond to your partner’s.
• Refine your argument about using resources more sustainably.
User Guide
Lesson Outcomes Checklist Part 1
NAME:
1.1 The pale blue dot explore locations on Earth using Google Earth
and interpret aerial views
3. How do you think that the temperature change can be related to the
efficiency of the light globe?
4. Your parents need to buy some new light globes. Which type would you
suggest they buy? Why?
Electric car
Hydrogen car
Biodiesel/Ethanol car
Plug-in hybrid
electric/petrol/biofuel/hydrogen
2. Write on your paper with pencil, biro and marker pen. How did it perform?
Step 3 - In pairs share your arguments and respond to your partner’s claims.
Reflect on your argument and how you might make it more effective.
2.2 How efficient are identify that different types of light globes are
different light more efficient than others
globes?
gather and interpret data on light bulb heat
outputs
Sustainable businesses
3. How are businesses using less resources?
3.1 How can we live identify examples of building materials that can be
more sustainably? recycled
3.2 Tragedy of the describe the story behind the ‘tragedy of the
commons commons’ and relate it to human use of shared
resources
2. What do you think you would have recorded if you had been able to record
the position of the star for 24 hours?
3. What do you think was the most important step in the development of the
telescope?
2. Jot down interesting facts about the sun, the dwarf planet Ceres and
comets in the table.
Sun
Ceres
Comets
2. What evidence supported the idea that the sun was the centre of our solar
system?
Sleeping
Eating
Toilet
Showering
Washing hair
Nail clipping
Changes to your
body after a year in
space.
4.2 Stargazing identify that the movement of the Earth and where
I am on Earth explains the apparent movement of
the stars during the night
4.4 How can we use use the Southern Cross and the Pointers to locate
the stars to navigate? south
4.7 Our solar system identify the eight planets in the solar system
2. How many Earth years does it take Neptune to complete one orbit of the
sun?
4. It takes a year for Earth to make one complete orbit of the sun. How old
would you now be if you grew up on other planets which have different
orbital periods? To calculate your age on another planet divide your age
(Earth years) by the orbital period of the planet (in Earth years).
E.g. Micah is 12 years old. How old would Micah be on Venus?
Age (Earth years) = 12 = 19.4 Venus years
Orbital period (Earth years) 0.62
How old would you be on these four planets?
Mercury 0.24
Earth 1.00
Jupiter 11.86
Neptune 163.75
Step 3 - A student slowly raises the knife up to cut the string not far from the
stopper as it passes by. Just before the knife cuts the string you should make a
prediction of where the stopper will go once the string is cut. Note your
prediction.
Mercury 3.7
Venus 8.9
Earth 9.8
Moon 1.6
Mars 3.7
Jupiter 24.8
Saturn 10.4
Uranus 8.7
Neptune 11.2
Discussion:
1. What is your mass?
Earth
Moon
Mars
Jupiter
3. If you travel to different planets, which will change; your weight or your
mass?
Student name 1st jump 2nd jump 3rd jump Average jump
height (m) height (m) height (m) height (m)
Mercury 3.7
Venus 8.9
Earth 9.8
Moon 1.6
Mars 3.7
Jupiter 24.8
Saturn 10.4
Uranus 8.7
Neptune 11.2
To calculate how high you can jump on another planet, multiply your jump height
on Earth by Earth’s gravity and divide by the gravity of the planet.
e.g. Jump on Earth = 0.5 m
Jump on Mercury = 0.5 X 9.8 / 3.7 = 1.32 m
90°
45°
Discussion:
1. What is the difference between the area lit by the torch for a 90° and a 45°
angle?
2. If you decreased the angle to 20° what affect do you think it would have on
the number of squares that were lit? Test your prediction.
Heating effect
90° 30°
2. This experiment was a simulation or a model of the real situation. What did
the lamp and the pie case represent?
5.1 Night and day explain how the rotation of the Earth creates
night and day
5.2 Orbiting the sun explain how the distance from the sun affects
the length of a planet’s year
5.4 What causes the describe the major factors that influence
seasons? seasons
Step 7 – Include the photos or drawings to complete the table. Label your
images using the terms shown in the Order of the phases.
Discussion:
After your first week of observations, can you predict when the next full moon
will be? Write down your prediction and wait to see if you are correct.
1. During high tides the Earth has a tidal bulge on the side facing the moon
and on the side facing away from the moon. Explain what causes each of
these tidal bulges.
2. What is a spring tide? Draw the alignment of the Earth, moon and sun
during a spring tide.
1. Propose a reason why we usually see two low tides and two high tides
each day.
c. There was only one high tide in Nowra on the 1st of January, 2013.
Why do you think this is the case?
3. Look at the data from Sydney. What is the approximate time difference
between:
a. The two high tides on the 1st of January?
c. The morning high tide and morning low tide on the 3rd of January?
4. Look at the data for the 3rd of January and compare it to that on the 2nd of
January. How much later in the day is:
a. The first high tide in Sydney?
2. Explain why we don’t have solar and lunar eclipses every month.
Activity 6.2 What is recognise that the sun can be used to tell the
the time? time
Activity 6.3 What describe how the moon and sun influence the
causes the tides? tides on Earth
This resource was originally written in 2013 by Rebecca Cashmere and Jef Byrne.
This resource was revised in 2017 by Jef Byrne and Dr Jim Woolnough.
Science by Doing would like to thank Spinks and Suns for the design and development of this resource.
Acknowledgement of assistance
Funding Acknowledgement
Science by Doing is supported by the Australian Government.
Copyright
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