LIGID: AN ANTI-CLOGGING DEVICE FOR SANITARY SEWER

PIPES IN SANTA RITA KARSADA, BATANGAS CITY

In Partial Fulfillment
of Course Requirement for
Science, Technology, and Society

Claus, Ma. Christine Angela A.

Dayrit, Erdy Joshua A.
Medina, Agnes R.
Untalan, Mary Grace P.

DECEMBER 2020
 ABSTRACT

TITLE : LIGID: AN ANTI-CLOGGING DEVICE FOR

SANITARY SEWER PIPES IN SANTA RITA
KARSADA, BATANGAS CITY

AUTHORS : Claus, Ma. Christine Angela A.; Dayrit, Erdy

Joshua A.; Medina, Agnes R.; Untalan, Mary
Grace P.

TYPE OF DOCUMENT : RESEARCH PAPER

(SCIENCE INNOVATIVE PROJECT)

TOTAL NO. OF PAGES :

COURSE : Bachelor of Science in Entrepreneurship

Summary

Santa Rita Karsada, a barangay located at the city of Batangas, faced

problems about the drainage system. Residents found that the issue lies on clogged sewer

pipes due to garbage and other materials. Environmental waste cannot be avoided even if

locals prevent loitering. The community is in dire need of a solution for this environmental

issue. The researchers found that pumping pressure in sewer pipes can provide backflow

of water, pushing clogged substances out and giving space to drain water. It is also sought

that using mixtures like sodium acetate (baking soda and vinegar) and hot-water-detergent-

liquid-soap-mixture dissolves certain kinds of garbage that helps loosen the hole and reduce

the substances that are stuck in the drain. Discussions show that it has a possibility to help

citizens of Barangay Santa Rita to prevent floods due to blocked drainage system.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................................... i

TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................... ii

INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 1

DEFINITION OF TERMS .................................................................................................. 3

PRELIMINARY CONCEPTS ............................................................................................ 4

PROPOSAL ......................................................................................................................... 5

PROJECT GOALS .............................................................................................................. 7

DOCUMENTATION ......................................................................................................... iii

BIBLIOGRAPHY .............................................................................................................. xi

LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... xiii

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 INTRODUCTION

Philippines is located in a large Pacific Ocean region where several of the Earth’s

volcanic eruptions and earthquakes occur which is the Ring of Fire. It is also in a weather

pathway near the equator known as the Typhoon Belt. This makes Philippines one of the

most disaster-prone countries in the world. It is compulsory that every community has a

well-built sanitary drainage system to avoid excess flooding.

Drainage systems are constructed to guarantee that waste water and sewage is

transported neatly to disposal points, thereby keeping the environment well-drained and

free of waste. Examples of components that make up a good drainage system includes

closed ditches having pipe drains, channels, conduits and drainage pipes. With the absence

of these material, the drainage system can suffer major problems. This is what practically

happened to Barangay Sta. Rita Karsada. Their area endured floods and pollution due to a

bad drainage system. The residents did not have the initiative to fix the root cause of this

problem, even though they are the ones experiencing the bad effects brought by flooding.

Barangay Santa Rita Karsada experience floods even on light rain. UNTV News

and Rescue (2020) articulated that “Authorities also rescued some residents in Barangay

Bolbok in Batangas City after floodwaters inundated the Tierra Verde Subdivision in

Pallocan West” in which Barangay Bolbok is located next to Barangay Santa Rita Karsada.

Although study shows that areas around the community “have a medium probability of a

flood with 25-year return period occurring in a single year” (DOST-UP DREAM and Phil-

LiDAR Program, 2020), there is a possibility of flashfloods due to poor drainage system.

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 Flood is an example of a phenomena in which water can be a great nuisance. It is

an overflow of water that submerges the land which is normally dry. Flooding in some

residential areas can cause a lot of negative effects wherein it provides inconvenience to

the people living in that certain locality. That kind of natural disaster can damage a number

of properties including vehicles, houses, and other infrastructures. It is not just destructive,

but it can also be insanitary. Barangay Santa Rita Karsada is just one of the many barangays

in Batangas City facing this kind of issue. During rainy seasons, vehicles can no longer

pass because flood comes over the street which usually led to traffic. An immediate

solution is needed for this environmental issue.

Locals found out that garbage usually gets stuck on sanitary sewer pipes. In 2015,

netizens posted pictures of flooded streets from Batangas City-Bauan Highway. A lot of

residents have complained about this issue. An article of Daily Mail Online (2018) asserted

that the “street cleaners were expecting to find the usual junk and detritus when called to a

blocked drain but instead, they found wallets and credit cards.” Loitering is banned in the

city but there is a possibility that it can occur. As stated in the Presidential Decree No. 825

Section 1, “All garbage, filth and other waste matters, shall be placed in the proper

receptacles for the disposition thereof by garbage collectors.”

2
 DEFINITION OF TERMS

BACKFLOW. is a term in plumbing for an unwanted flow of water in the reverse

direction. Backflow happens in water supply systems where the water is maintained at a

high enough pressure to enable water to flow in the reverse direction from a tap or nozzle

fixture (Corrosionpedia, 2016).

DETRITUS. means waste or debris of any kind, probably gravel, sand, silt, or other

material produced by erosion or organic matter produced by the decomposition of

organisms.

DRAINAGE SYSTEM. means drainage pipes of a plumbing system taking the

wastewater from the plumbing fixtures and delivering it to the sewer or some other outlet.

PIPE REHABILITATION. stands for the aspect of rehabilitation that undertakes

the repair or replacement of sewer and water pipelines that run under a city or town,

connecting homes, offices and industries to the municipal sewer network or water

connection (Trenchlesspedia, 2017).

RECEPTACLE. refers to the something used to receive and hold smaller objects.

STORM DRAIN. signifies the metal grates that are found on streets, often at

corners and on the sides of curbs and gutters. The purpose of the storm drain is to help

prevent flooding by diverting rainwater off of the streets and other paved surfaces and into

a natural body of water (Liberty Missouri, 2020).

SPRING PUMP. is a device that moves liquid or gas fluids by mechanical action.

3
 PRELIMINARY CONCEPTS

Santa Rita Karsada is a barangay located in Batangas City, in the province of

Batangas which has a population of 18,276 as determined by the 2015 Census. It shares a

common border with Barangay Santa Rita Aplaya, Barangay Bolbok, Barangay Danglayan

and the municipal of San Pascual. Based on Philippine Atlas (2020), its elevation is

estimated at 23.6 meters or 77.4 feet above mean sea level.

The population of Barangay Santa Rita Karsada grew from 9,200 in 1990 to

approximately 21,000 in 2020, an increase of almost 12,000 people. It is home to the Santa

Rita de Cascia Parish Church. San Lorenzo – Santa Rita Power Plant, a combined cycle

natural gas power plant owned and operated by Firstgen, is located at the south of the

barangay. The latest census figures in 2015 denote an increase of 946 people from the

previous population of 17,330 in 2010.

There were reports about problems in relation to the drainage system of the

community. Some of it are on the news articles but most are in papers. Due to the COVID-

19 pandemic, the respondents have overgone difficulties in gathering information

regarding the target issue of the problem. But according to Manila Bulletin (2019), an

intensive road widening and pipeline rehabilitation will take place to improve water supply

and sewer line on places including Barangay Santa Rita Karsada in order to increase water

availability and prevent water leakages.

4
 PROPOSAL

The respondents have designed an anti-clogging device that helps prevent blockage

of sewer pipes in order to prevent floods on streets and highway. In this way, several repairs

or replacements of drainage pipes can be avoided. What can be seen in the illustration is

an adjustable steel pipe with a spring pump at a side. The spring pump is use to let pressure

out and either suck or blow the garbage to provide water backflow and let unnecessary

objects out the sewer pipe from the storm drain, manhole or distinctively, the main drainage

pipe.

Figure 1. Product A

In the next illustration, the left part is bent in order to reach far-end blockage on

storm drains. The right side can be replaced with a much smaller or longer steel pipe. This

was made with the purpose of making sure of getting the junk that clogs the sewage.

Figure 2. Product B

5
 The figure presents the part that connects the spring valve to the pipes. It is use as a

strainer to hold sodium acetate and trigger the junk in the clogged drain to dissolve. As

discussed in LoveToKnow Cleaning (2010), you can “use the vinegar and baking soda

combination to help clear a sluggish drain. This works because the combo of vinegar and

baking soda breaks down the soap residue, scum and other acids.” But other studies show

that it is not that abundantly recommended. Few suggest “that the baking soda and vinegar

reaction created in a drain/household plumbing system does not take place in a closed

system so pressure can’t build up enough to blast a clog out of the pipes” (Bren Did, 2019).

Figure 3. Product Feature

Although both can actually work in unclogging the drain, the two formulas can be

both used in the instrument.

The device is named Ligid which is derived from the Tagalog word “round.” It

represents the holes of the pipes and the roundness of the device. Its curvature lets garbage

slide more easily inside and out due to its shape.

6
 PROJECT GOALS

This science innovative project “Ligid: An Anti-Clogging Device for Sanitary

Sewer Pipes in Santa Rita Karsada, Batangas City”, aims to find out the situation and

condition of Santa Rita Karsada and answer the following problems:

1. What can help avoid clogging on sanitary sewer pipes in Barangay Santa Rita

Karsada?

2. What advantages and disadvantages can it give to the residents of the Barangay

Santa Rita Karsada?

3. How does quantification of urban groundwater fluxes and flow paths improve our

ability to estimate nutrient export from urban watersheds?

4. How does an improved understanding of urban groundwater affect our ability to

close the urban water budget at multiple scales? From a broader impacts’

perspective; and

5. How can knowledge gained be utilized to improve planning for environmental

restoration? (e.g., stormwater management, sewer rehabilitation, and low impact

development)

7
 DOCUMENTATION
CURRICULUM VITAE

MA. CHRISTINE ANGELA A. CLAUS

Brgy. Haligue Kanluran, Batangas City
09564380240
machristineangela.claus@g.batstate-u.edu.ph

CAREER OBJECTIVE

To obtain an accounting position where I will be able to contribute my skill, knowledge

and experience to a company that will give me an opportunity to develop my career.

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Tertiary Education
Bachelor of Science in Accounting Management
Batangas State University Main I
Rizal Avenue, Batangas City
2019 to present

Secondary Education
Lyceum of the Philippines University- Batangas
Gulod Labac Riverside, Batangas City
2013-2019

Primary Education
Haligue Kanluran Elementary School
Haligue Kanluran, Batangas City
2006-2013

PERSONAL DETAILS

Birthdate: October 21, 2000

iii
Age: 20
Gender: Female
Nationality: Filipino
Height: 5’7
Weight: 43
Marital Status: Single
Father’s Name: Pablo E. Claus
Mother’s Name: Susan A. Claus
Religion: Roman Catholic

CHARACTER REFFERENCE

Edsel Sagala
Position or Designation: Teacher at Lyceum of the Philippines University-Batangas
Address: Taal, Batangas
Contact No: 09062483720

Engr. Jenny N. Claus

Position or Designation: Engineer at Tsukiden Electronics Philippines Inc.
Address: D. Silang Street, Batangas City
Contact No: -

I hereby certify that the above information is true and correct to the best of my
knowledge and belief.

MA. CHRISTINE ANGELA A. CLAUS

BS Management Accounting Student

iv
ERDY JOSHUA A. DAYRIT
Poblacion, Padre Garcia, Batangas
09661724632
erdyjoshua.dayrit@g.batstate-u.edu.ph

CAREER OBJECTIVE

To acquire a job in the design field where I will be able to contribute my skills and
experience to a company that will offer me an opportunity to develop myself and my career.

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Tertiary Education
Bachelor of Science in Architecture
Batangas State University Main II
Alangilan, Batangas City
2018 to present

Secondary Education
University of Batangas – Lipa City
Leviste Highway, Lipa City, Batangas
2017-2018

Primary Education
Al Majd International School Dammam – Philippine Curriculum
Rakah, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia
2013-2017

PERSONAL DETAILS

Birthdate: July 23, 1999

Age: 21

v
Gender: Male
Nationality: Filipino
Height: 5’6
Weight: 50 kg
Marital Status: Single
Father’s Name: Rogelio C. Dayrit
Mother’s Name: Marife A. Dayrit
Religion: Iglesia Ni Cristo

CHARACTER REFFERENCE

Glenda D. Fesalbon
Designation: Teacher at University of Batangas – Lipa City
Address: P. Olan St., Lipa City, Batangas
Contact No: -

Ms. Nhila C. Sayud

Designation: Teacher at Al Majd International School Dammam – Philippine Curriculum
Address: Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
Contact No: -

I hereby certify that the above information is true and correct to the best of my
knowledge and belief.

ERDY JOSHUA A. DAYRIT

BS Architecture Student

vi
AGNES R. MEDINA
Brgy, Del Pilar San Pascual Batangas
09266215018
agnesr.medina@g.batstate-u.edu.ph

CAREER OBJECTIVE

To obtain an accounting position where I will be able to contribute my skill, knowledge

and experience to a company that will give me an opportunity to develop my career.

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Tertiary Education
Bachelor of Science in Accounting Management
Batangas State University Main I
Rizal Avenue, Batangas City
2019 to present

Secondary Education
AMA Computer College- Batangas City
Bolbok, Batangas City
2013-2019

Primary Education
Alalum Elementary School
Alalum, San Pascual, Batangas
2006-2013

PERSONAL DETAILS

Birthdate: April 11, 2001

Age: 19
Gender: Female

vii
Nationality: Filipino
Height: 5’7
Weight: 58
Marital Status: Single
Father’s Name: Reynaldo Medina
Mother’s Name: Rosario Medina
Religion: Roman Catholic

CHARACTER REFFERENCE

Melvin Melo
Position or Designation: Teacher at Lyceum of the Philippines University-Batangas
Address: Kumintang Ibaba, Batangas city
Contact No: -

Nelson Francisco
Position or Designation: Courier/Sprinter at J&T Express
Address: Sta. Rita Karsada, Batangas City
Contact No: 09159913309

I hereby certify that the above information is true and correct to the best of my
knowledge and belief.

AGNES RODRIGUEZ MEDINA

BS Management Accounting Student

viii
MARY GRACE P. UNTALAN
Brgy. Banaba, San Pascual, Batangas
09263742419
marygrace.untalan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph

CAREER OBJECTIVE

To secure a challenging position in a reputable organization to expand my learnings,

knowledge, and skills

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Tertiary Education
Bachelor of Science in Entrepreneurship
Batangas State University Main I
Rizal Avenue, Batangas City
2019 to present

Secondary Education
Francisco G. Perez Memorial National High School
Natunuan, San Pascual, Batangas
2018-2019

Primary Education
Natunuan South Elementary School
Natunuan, San Pascual, Batangas
2012-2013

PERSONAL DETAILS

Birthdate: September 08, 2001

Age: 19
Gender: Female

ix
Nationality: Filipino
Height: 4'8
Weight: 41
Marital Status: Single
Father’s Name: Juanito M, Untalan
Mother’s Name: Erlene P, Untalan
Religion: Roman Catholic

CHARACTER REFFERENCE

Marisol Punzalan
Designation: Senior High School Teacher
Address: San Antonio, San Pascual, Batangas
Contact No.: -

Cllr. Juliet Holdago

Designation: Councilor at Banaba, San Pascual
Address: Banaba, San Pascual, Batangas
Contact No.: 774-5074

Precy Cantos
Designation: Works at Department of Social Welfare and Development
Address: Banaba, San Pascual, Batangas
Contact No.: 09287002060

I hereby certify that the above information is true and correct to the best of my
knowledge and belief.

MARY GRACE P. UNTALAN

BS Entrepreneurship Student

x
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Residents flee homes as floods hit Batangas City village - UNTV News | UNTV

News. UNTV News. Published November 2, 2020. Accessed December 22, 2020.

https://www.untvweb.com/news/residents-flee-homes-as-floods-hit-batangas-city-village/

City of Batangas, Batangas 25 Year Flood Hazard Map - LiDAR Portal for

Archiving and Distribution. Upd.edu.ph. Published 2018. Accessed December 22, 2020.

https://lipad-fmc.dream.upd.edu.ph/layers/geonode%3Aph041005000_fh25yr_10m

Wood J. Hundreds of stolen credit cards and wallets are discovered blocking drain

in Batangas City. Mail Online. Published October 30, 2018. Accessed December 22, 2020.

https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-6332851/Hundreds-stolen-credit-cards-wallets-

discovered-blocking-drain-Batangas-City.html

Corrosionpedia. Backflow. Corrosionpedia. Published February 14, 2016. Accessed

December 22, 2020. https://www.corrosionpedia.com/definition/131/backflow

Trenchlesspedia. Pipe Rehabilitation. Trenchlesspedia.com. Published July 22,

2017. Accessed December 22, 2020.

https://www.trenchlesspedia.com/definition/3215/pipe-rehabilitation

Storm Drains Are for Rain – the City of Liberty Official Website

Libertymissouri.gov. Published 2020. Accessed December 22, 2020.

https://www.libertymissouri.gov/1338/Storm-Drains-Are-for-Rain

xi
 Long H. Can Vinegar and Baking Soda Be a Drain Cleaner. LoveToKnow.

Published 2010. Accessed December 23, 2020.

https://cleaning.lovetoknow.com/Can_Vinegar_Baking_Soda_Be_a_Drain_Cleaner

Brenda F. Why You Should Never Use Baking Soda and Vinegar to Clean Clogged

Drains. Bren Did. Published April 30, 2019. Accessed December 23, 2020.

https://brendid.com/why-you-should-never-use-baking-soda-and-vinegar-to-clean-

clogged-drains/

xii
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Product A ............................................................................................................. 5

Figure 2. Product B .............................................................................................................. 5

Figure 3. Product Features ................................................................................................... 6

xiii