Rise of ISIS Recap

The current 2016 Presidential candidates are debating two

things:

a.)Whether the U.S. is responsible for creating ISIS, and

b.) Whether the U.S. should use military for to eliminate ISIS.

What do you think?

• ISIS Explained: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AQPlREDW-Ro

Terrorism
Terrorism

• Systematic use of violence to

scare a population or coerce a
government into granting its
demands.

• Latin word for “Frighten”

• Organized to obtain political or

social goals
When is it terrorism?
• Bombing, Kidnapping, Hostages,
Assassination
• Attacks aimed at ordinary
people

• *Stop writing here

• Is it terrorism?
• Palestinian suicide bomber kills Israeli
teens in Jerusalem coffee shop.

• Israeli government strikes Palestinian

civilian district with missiles.
Blowback
• Unintended consequences of
covert attacks from U.S. CIA and
gov onto other states

• Things we did come back to

haunt us

• Revenge for acts by U.S.

• Ex: U.S. gave Bin Laden

weapons and training to fight
Soviets, later Al-Qaeda uses
these resources for attacks on
U.S.
State Support of Terrorism
Three possibilities:
1. Providing sanctuary for
terrorists
2. Supplying weapons, money,
and intelligence to terrorists
3. Assisting with planning or
execution of terrorist attacks
9/11 Attacks
• What were the motivations
behind Al-Qaeda’s attacks on
9/11?

• Was Bin Laden and his

organization successful in
achieving their goals with the
attacks?
In your notes: pp 264-268
• Part I: (10 minutes)
• What/Who is Al-Qaeda? Who started the
organization? Describe the events leading to
their growth as an organization.
• What are their goals?
• What is a “jihad”? What is a “fatwa”?
Part II: pp. 264-268 (30 minutes)
Each person at your table selects 1-2
states: Libya, Afghanistan, Iraq, Iran,
Pakistan
Read your section and describe in your
notes why your state is suspected of state
sponsored terrorism.
Take turns sharing the info in your groups.
You should leave with info on all five
states.
 Nation States
Nation (v): culturally defined group of
people with shared past and cultures who
relate to a territory or government

Like “ethnicity” but applied to a territory of

a state
Ex: Cherokee Nation (Native Americans) and
SE United States

Nation state (v): area organized politically

by nations
Examples of nation-states:
Stateless Nations (v): ethnic groups Kurdistan
that are not the majority population
within any nation states

Ex: Kurdish people throughout SW Asia

From stateless nation to a nation state:

Bosnians before and after breakup of
Yugoslavia
Palestine:
Stateless Nation, or
Nation State?
Centripetal and Centrifugal Forces

• Centripetal: Things that

bind or hold a nation
together & promote
national unity:
• Strong leadership-
charismatic leader
• External threat
• Ideology-Fascism,
Communism or Democracy
Centripetal and Centrifugal Forces

• Centrifugal: (“center”, “flee”)

• things that divide a state apart:
(also called Devolutionary
forces)
• Ethnic or cultural differences
• Religious differences
• Linguistic diversity
• Economic disparity
• Physical geographical differences
Devolution
• Devolution (v) –
• Movement of power from the central
government to regional governments
within the state.

• Ethnocultural forces: nationalism,

cultures

• Economic forces: control of resources

• Spatial forces: Isolated, wants

autonomy
What is a key centripetal force here ?
What was a key centrifugal force here ?