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I. CONTEXT AND RATIONALE

Reading is a labor process that gives meaning from a print. For us to

become a reader, it requires effort and practice according to Wolf (2008). To

become an active reader we must be motivated in reading and appreciate the

pleasure of reading. We must give what the child interest for them to be

motivated. It should be viewed as a social act that can be shared to others. The

child must enjoy what they are reading and have a purpose for it. According to

Wolf (2008) the learners must have support and encouragement from their

teachers, tutors, and parents to make a plunge in their hard time in cumbersome

reading materials.

It is commonly assumed that the teacher is the nation builder. It is the

teacher in the classroom who molds the fortune of a country as he/she has

various capacities to influence his/her pupils. It is also believed that only teacher

can make tremendous positive changes among his students. They can guide

right and wrong of every action being a role model (Mishra and Puri, nd). The

most difficult task of a teacher is to teach the learners to read and understand

what they are reading. It is the teachers’ role to teach learners to read.

Foundation of reading starts at grade one, teachers are expected that when the

pupils reach grade 3 they are all readers, but unfortunately it is not happening in

real life. There are some learners who are considered as non-readers but then

were promoted to grade three. In this case the teacher must provide reading

interventions that will help the learners to become literate.

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Phil-IRI (Philippine Reading Inventory is done annually in all public

schools in the Philippines. Liasan Elementary School conducted a Phil-IRI

(Philippine Informal Reading) last January 13, 2020, based on the result it is

shown that out of 41 pupils, 24 or 59 percent have frustration level, 9 or 22

percent are in Instructional level, and only 8 or 19 percent are in Independent

level.

READING REPORT OF INCOMING GRADE THREE

PUPILS SECTIONS PEACE AND JOY IN LIASAN
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL YEAR 2020-2021
INDEPENDENT LEVEL
20%

INSTRUCTIONAL LEVEL FRUSTRATION LEVEL

22% 59%

This represents that majority of the pupils or 24 of 41 pupils are not good

readers resulting to a domino effect of poor reading comprehension and low

Mean Percentage Score (MPS).

This motivates the researcher to conduct the study to address the cause

of the problem and to implement effective intervention strategies.

II. ACTION RESEARCH QUESTIONS

This paper attempts to answer specific questions such as:

1. What is the profile of the grade three pupils of Liasan Elementary School in terms

of:

age, sex, and reading comprehension?

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2. How do teachers employ Marungku Approach as an intervention to develop

pupils’ reading ability?

3. What is the performance of the pupils in reading with the use of the given

intervention?

4. What recommendations of effective policies can be drawn to enhance the

reading performance of the frustration level grade three readers of Liasan

Elementary School?

III. PROPOSED INNOVATION, INTERVENTION AND STRATEGY

This study will propose a new technique in teaching Reading to Grade

three pupils of Liasan Elementary School to enhance their Reading performance

and comprehension.

The first part is the introduction and conduct of Marungku Approach in

instruction. The second part provides the relevant guided practices and reading

exercises and activities all related to the development of the pupils reading

performance.

According to Burgess and Logan (2010) the pupils must have a code

related skills and understanding of the spoken words and it should be composed

of smaller elements of speech (phonological awareness).

IV. ACTION RESEARCH METHODS

A. Participants and/or other Sources of Data and Information

This study includes 24 grade three pupils sections Peace and Joy of

Liasan Elementary School, Pitogo, Zamboanga del Sur. These pupils will be

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selected as subject of the study because of their reading level (Frustration)

during their previous level.

B. Data Gathering Methods

To identify the non-readers the teachers will use the Phil-IRI, it is an Oral

test given to learners to measure reading ability. The learners will be categorized

as the level of Independent, Instructional and Frustrated.

Frustration is the level where the pupils get two or below out of five

questions correctly in the Phil-IRI test. This shows that they are slow readers or

they cannot read.

The schedule of the session of the remedial class is after the regular

class. The teachers will allot 30-minute in teaching the remedial class using

Marungku Approach.

A Marungku Approach will be used as the main research instrument in this

study. Follow-up reading materials, worksheets and activities will be used to test

Performance and results.

C. Data Analysis Plan

This study will be descriptive in nature and will utilize both primary and

secondary data. The primary data will be obtained through the conduct of Key

Informant Interview (KII) to the grade three pupils of Liasan Elementary School.

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V. ACTION RESEARCH WORK PLAN AND TIMELINES

Oct. Nov. 2020 Dec.2020 January

2020 (in week) (in week) 2020 (in
ACTIVITY (in week) week)
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
ACTION RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Formulating and/ or Gathering of Titles
Selecting a Title to be developed
Reading Articles Related to the Title
Selected
Drafting the Context and Rationale
Writing and Enriching the Context and
Rationale
Encoding the Context and Rationale
Reading the Related Literature
Drafting the Review of Related Literature
Organizing the Review of Related Literature
Writing and Enriching the Review of Related
Literature
Encoding the Review of Related Literature
Formulating and Encoding the Research
Questions
Drafting and Encoding of the Proposed
Innovation, Intervention and Strategy
Drafting and Encoding the Research
Methods
Identifying the Research Participants
Planning for Data Gathering
Planning for Data Analysis
Crafting the Research Work Plans and
Timelines
Determining the Cost Estimates
Formulating Plans for Dissemination and
Utilization

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Encoding the References
ACTION RESEARCH PROPER
Devising the Research Approach
Developing the Reading Materials and
Worksheets
Pilot Testing and Revising the Reading
Materials Using Marungku Approach and
Worksheets
Conducting Series of Reading Pre-test
Distributing the Teacher
Administering Series of Reading Post test
Collating the Data Gathered from the
Reading Exercises Conducted
Tabulating the Data Gathered from the
Reading Exercises Conducted
Analyzing the Data Gathered from the
Reading Exercises Conducted
Summarizing and Tabulating the Final Data
Interpreting the Findings
Extracting and Organizing the Findings
Reviewing the Drafted Findings
Summarizing and Interpreting the Findings
Formulating Conclusions and Implications
Providing Recommendations and
Suggestions
Updating the Literature, References and
Bibliographies
Submitting to Tutor and Waiting for
Feedback
Revising, Drafting, and Formatting
Checking of Grammar and Organization of
Ideas
Refining All Parts
Printing and Binding
Submitting for Final Copy

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VI. COST ESTIMATES

Table 2. Cost Estimates

General Description Quantity Unit Unit Price Estimated Cost

Bond Paper (short) 3 rim 220.00 660.00

Bond Paper (A4) 2 rim 250.00 500.00
Brown Envelope (short) 50 pc 7.00 350.00
Ball pen (G-Tech .3, black) 5 pc 75.00 375.00
Ball pen (G-Tech .3, red) 5 pc 75.00 375.00
Pencil 5 pc 8.00 40.00
Eraser 5 pc 6.00 30.00
Sharpener 5 pc 20.00 100.00
Ruler 5 pc 25.00 125.00
Scissors 5 pc 50.00 250.00
Stapler (big) 2 pc 120.00 240.00
Staple Wire (35mm) 3 box 20.00 60.00
Flash Drive (16gb) 1 pc 500.00 500.00
Brother Printer’s Ink 1 set 1,00.00 1,800.00
WiFi Load 3 200.00 600.00
Printing and Binding Fee 35 copie 50.00 1,750.00
s
Meals and Snacks 1,000.00 1,000.00
TOTAL 8,755.00

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VIII. PLANS FOR DISSEMINATION AND UTILIZATION

The Author intends to provide copies of this Action Research to the

District of Pitogo to the Division of Zamboanga del Sur, to Deped Region IX, and

to the Deped Central Office.

This Action Research must also be cascaded to All the Elementary

Schools in Pitogo District for useful information and utilization.

REFERENCES

Rachel Karl Viray-Vivas, December 2017. The Impact of Marungku Approach

Reading Skills of Grade Three Pupils at Bucal Elementary School,

Calamba City, Laguna Philippines

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