Adama Science and Technology University

School of mechanical, chemical and material engineering

Course Title: Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering

Course Number: PCE2101

Lab: Laboratory Experiment 1

Title: Measurement

Prepared by:
Name ID

1. ABDISA DEMISSIE……………………………………. A/UR 14513/10

2. ADUGNA ABDULKADIR……………………………… A/UR 15184/10
3. ABENEZER SIRAK……………………………………… A/UR 15008/10
4. AYANA IMIRU………………………………………….. A/UR 14391/10
5. BETESEB BERHANU …………………………………. A/UR 14603/10
6. BETELHEM MOLA ……………………………………. A/UR 14686/10
7. GEMECHIS BUZAYEWU……………………………… A/UR 14827/10
8. HABTAMU BURUSIE…………………………………… A/UR 14325/10

Submitted to: DAGNE ALEMAYEHU

Date of conduction: November 18, 2018

Date of submission: November 25, 2018

 LAB 1- Basics Electrical Measurements and Measuring Resistance

OBJECTIVE :

- Being able to identify types of resistors and determine the resistance value using color
coding.
- To determine the operation of the instruments and basics Measurements.

MATERIALS REQUIRED
Multi meter
Connectors
DC power supply
Carbon Resistors(Fixed resistors)
Variable resistors (potentiometer and rheostat)

THEORY
Electric circuits: - Is any networks of devices in which transmission of electrical energy
and its conversion takes place. The simplest electric circuit contains of a source that
supplies electrical energy, connections wires that transfer energy, and a load for
converting the delivered electrical energy in to some other form of energy.

There are several electrical quantities to be measure: resistance, voltage, current and
others. Most commonly a number of quantities can be measured using a single measuring
instruments “MULTIMETER”. Multimeters can be classified as digital multimeter and
analogue multimeter. Multimeters typically have a set of terminals marked V , A and
COM as well as a functions selections switch or set push buttons that select functions and
rangers.

Color coded resistors: - Resistors that have several color bands printed on their body, to
identify their resistance value are called color coded resistors. If the resistor is four bands,
the first two bands represent the first and second significant number and the third band is
the multiplier and the last band is the tolerance band. If it has five bands then the first
three bands are the three digits of its resistance value. While the fourth one is the number
of zeros and the fifth one is its tolerance.
PROCEDURES
Part one: - measuring resistance with the DMM
1. First we select resistors at random from the part kit. For each resistor we
determined its nominal value using the color code given above.
2. Then we set the function switch on the DMM to ohms, returned the positive meter
lead to the volts/ohms terminal and then the negative lead to the common terminal.
After that we touched the two probes together to make sure it was working
properly that is it is reading zero resistance.
3. Then we measured its resistance by touching one probe to each lead of the resistor.
Then wed recorded and compared the results we measured with the results we
calculated using the color code.
4. Finally we connected the multimeter with the rheostat and measured its ohmic
values at three different lengths.

Part two: - measuring voltage with the DMM

1. First we constricted the circuit shown below

10v

2. We adjusted DC voltage source to 10v.

3. Then we turned the DMM on and selected the DC voltage measurement function
by setting the selector switch to DC voltage position.
4. Finally we turned the DC source on and measured the voltage by connecting the
two terminals across the two nodes. That is connecting the voltmeter in parallel to
measure a voltage.
Part three: - measuring current with the DMM
1. First we turned on the DMM and selected the DC current measurement function
by rotating the selector switch to the DC current position.

2. Then we connected two connectors to common and positive terminals, we

connected the multimeter in series in order to avoided large amount of current
passing through the ammeter, damaging its internal fuse.

3. Then we measured and recorded the value.

 Results and conclusion
From the experiment we have conducted today we have obtained the following data.

Calculating the resistance of a resistor from color code and measuring it using multimeter

R1 R2 R3
Calculated value 470 330 56
Measured value 467 324 56.0

Measuring the resistance of rheostat by fluctuating the length

Length Measured value

0 0.4
L1 1555
L2 3020

 Using 10v DC power supply from our source and connecting the two terminals of
the multimeter across the two nodes we measured voltage to be 9.77v.
 Using the same DC power supply we measured a voltage current by connecting
the terminals in between the two terminals, which was read to be 9.7mA.

Conclusion

1. Never hold the leads and probes between your fingers. This will make the
resistance you read lower than the actual since the resistance of the human
body is very large. This makes the results obtained to be inaccurate.
2. From the value of the resistance rheostat which was measured by varying
the length we concluded that resistance is directly proportional to length.
The bigger the length the bigger the resistance.
3. From the experiment we have understood that resistance can be using three
ways. 1-using color code 2-using multimeter 3- OHMs law R=V/C.