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E3d Router
E3d Router
E3d Router
Piping
Pipe Router
Pipe Router
The Pipe Router utility is a rule-based tool which automatically route multiple or single pipes. If non-orthogonal
pipes are required, these can be created manually, refer to Quick Pipe Routing for further information.
The pipe(s) are routed, from the branch’s head and ends at the branch’s tail, positioning and orientating piping
components (reducers and welds), and where appropriate adding connection components such as flanges
and gaskets. The flow direction is always forwards (from head to tail). The pipes are created orthogonally and
with the minimum number of bends or elbows and where possible clash-free.
Constrain the route taken by the pipe(s) with the use of routing points, planes, rules and pipe racks and if
required, modify the route once it has been created. Refer to Automatic Pipe Route Administration for further
information.
All the tasks carried out in association with the Pipe Router utility are initiated from a central Pipe Router
window which acts as a task hub.
Defaults
The pipe router is supplied with defaults which can be modified if required.
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Use the File menu from the Pipe Router Defaults window, to save settings or load from settings from
elsewhere, see System Administrator if new settings are required:
The Pipe Router Defaults window, contains all the tools to determine the defaults for the pipe router.
The Output messages to file fields, Directory and Filename specifies where to save and what to name the
error messages file. The option to overwrite or add to the end of existing error file by selecting an option from
the drop-down list is also available.
To remove the output message once a session check has been completed, click to select the Remove
Message file at the end of session check box.
To specify what the Pipe Router does in the event of an error, from the Action on error drop-down list: select
one of the available options.
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To specify which component is used when the routing changes direction, from the Change direction using
drop-down list select one of the available option.
Specify a default rule set from the Default rule set world drop-down list for all the branches created by Pipe
Router which is automatically assigned as a low priority rule set. Here you or system administrator can create
company and/or project specific rule sets. Refer to Routing Rules for further information.
Once the rule set has been specified define to what the rule set is applied, from the Applied to all drop-down
list, select the required design hierarchy element.
Pipe Router automatically searches for and makes use of any routing planes and pipe racks with a branch to
route the pipe on. The pipe racks exist within the search volume of a branch or branches, the default search
volume is the volume between the head and tail of a pipe. The search can be extended outside this volume by
inputting the distances in the In Z Direction (vertical) and In X/Y Directions (horizontal) fields.
Pipe Router automatically uses a routing plane or pipe rack to route a pipe only if the distance that it travels
along the plane or rack is greater than a minimum travel distance. Enter the minimum distance, in the
Minimum Travel Distance field.
Specify the minimum Pipe gap between pipes on racks (and other planes), and also specify in the Pipe gap
rounding field the extent to which the gap size is rounded, which can help minimise construction errors.
Define a Route
Create the pipe and branch elements in the design hierarchy and connect or position their heads and tails and
define bore. If the branch contains piping components, these must be selected. Refer to New Pipe Element
and Branch Element for further information.
Routing Pipes
Add the pipes to the Pipe Router window, and then route the pipes, Pipes can be added individually or in
groups.
By default, the Pipe Router routes pipes in the order in which they are added to the Pipe Router window. The
routing order can have an effect on the route taken by pipes. Refer to Changing the Order in which Pipes are
Routed for further information. Pipe Router routes the selected pipes, adding elbows, gaskets and flanges, as
required.
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When a pipe is added to Pipe Router, it is given a head and tail work-point. These are the points where a
route begins and ends. Pipe Router positions work-points at a distance from the branch head or tail which
allows for any connection components that are required.
For example, if the head of a branch is a flanged nozzle, then Pipe Router automatically adds a gasket and a
flange. Pipe Router then begins routing the pipe from the end of the flange.
Box 1
The default route is ABC, as this requires
only two bends. If this route is blocked,
Pipe Router attempts to route ADE which
uses three bends.
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Box 2
If Pipe Router cannot find a route using the
routes on box one, it attempts the routes on
box two, where route ABC uses three
bends, and ADE uses four bends.
Box 3
Finally, if it is still unsuccessful in finding a
route, Pipe Router attempts the routes on
box three, where both routes use four
bends.
An example of a Level One route displays a level one route in which the head work-point is facing up.
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re-routed. Refer to Locked Components for further information about using locked components.
If there are particular constraints that must be placed on a Branch, for example, passing through a given point
or plane, use one of the techniques described in Constraining a Route.
Balanced Tees
Pipe Router attempts to position a Tee to achieve balanced flow.
The Tee must be symmetric about a plane through P-arrive. The Pipe Router changes the arrive p-point to
achieve this if the bores on the p-points are equal. It then checks the leave-bore and connect-bore. If the
bores are equal then Pipe Router assumes that the Tee is T-shaped.
The Tail directions of /B1 and /B2 must either be equal and not in the axial direction between the Tail
positions of the branches or opposite and in the axial direction between the Tail positions of the branches:
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There must be no locked components on branch /B2, nor any after the Tee on branch /B1.
If there are multiway components in the Branches after the Tee, the Branches connected to them:
• Must have equivalent lists of component specifications,
• Must be unconstrained
• Must have free tails
The Tail positions of /B1 and /B2 must be equal in two of the three orthogonal co-ordinates:
The specifications of the positionable components after the Tee on /B1 must be the same as the
specifications of the components on branch /B2.
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If any of these conditions are not satisfied, Pipe Router attempts moving the Tee back along the arrive
direction (or forward along the leave direction).
Covered Nozzles
When the Pipe Router is routing a Branch there may be several others waiting to be routed. The best route for
the current Branch may take the Pipe straight in front of other Nozzles, which is most likely to happen when
routing from a line of Vessels. It can be avoided by:
Refer to Changing the Order in which Pipes are Routed for further information.
Make sure the Nozzles or Equipment owning them have obstruction volumes extending beyond their Nozzles
which prevents other Pipes crossing in front of the Nozzle. The Branch connected to the Nozzle ignores this
clash and successfully routes onto the Nozzle.
Note: The obstruction volumes should be defined in the Catalogue: defining them in DESIGN may result in
less satisfactory routes.
Constraining a Route
Except in very simple cases, give Pipe Router more information about the route required to achieve a
satisfactory route, then constrain a route using the following:
• Locked components
• Routing Points
• Routing Rules
• Routing Planes
• Pipe Racks
These constraints are described briefly in the following sections, and described in detail in later sections.
Locked Components
A locked component is a component whose position has been fixed before routing takes place. Pipe Router
routes the Branch through the component. Locked components can be used to manually modify the route
taken.
In cluttered areas, Pipe Router may not be able to find a clash-free route, in which case it puts in the simplest
clashing route and informs you of the clash. Modify the route to obtain a clash-free route, by moving
components away from clashes, locking them and re-routing. Both principal Piping components and router-
created components (for example, Elbows), can be moved and locked.
Routing Rules
One of the principal features of Pipe Router is its built-in rule engine. Use routing rules to control the selection,
position and orientation of piping components, and to control how pipes use routing planes and pipe racks.
Refer to Routing Rules for further information.
Refer to Automatic Pipe Route Administration for further information about creating your own rules.
Routing Points
Routing Points are points through which a pipe must pass. Specify the position of a routing point, and the
direction in which a pipe arrives at and leaves a routing point. Refer to Create and Use Routing Points for
further information.
Routing Planes
Routing planes are orthogonal planes which attract pipes to them and then guide the pipes in the direction of
the plane. Routing planes are useful, for example, where to group pipes together, perhaps along a wall or
ceiling. Refer to Create and Use Routing Planes for further information.
Pipe Racks
In Pipe Router, a pipe rack is composed of a group of routing planes which enables the modelling of the route
used on a physical pipe rack. There are two ways in which to create a pipe rack. Create pipe racks on existing
steelwork structures or model them as a group of planes.
Find the second method useful when working on a conceptual design and does not want to spend time
creating steelwork structures. Once a pipe rack has been created, use routing rule to specify how different
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sorts of pipe run on the rack. Refer to Create and Use Pipe Racks for further information.
Note: Update and Dismiss at the bottom of the Pipe Router Status Summary window can be used to
update the report file or close the Pipe Router Status Summary window.
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To reorder pipes according to their specification, select Group by specification check box, the display is
reordered in alphabetical order of their specification names, for example, all pipes which use the specification
A150, followed by all pipes which use the specification B150, and then the other pipe specifications in the
sequence. Use this option in conjunction with the attribute radio buttons.
For example, reorder pipes so that all Pipe Router displays all pipes which use the specification A150 in
descending order of their head bore, followed by all B150 specification pipes.
Routing Messages
As Pipe Router routes a pipe, it examines each branch and generates a message about any routing errors
that it finds. These messages can help you understand and correct errors. It can view these messages both
during and after pipe routing, providing you have set up a file in which to store the messages, as described
previously.
To view routing messages, select Display > Routing Messages from the Pipe Router window to display the
Routing Messages window.
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The Routing Messages window is empty if Pipe Router routes all pipes without any errors.
Select Control > Close to close the Routing Messages window.
Pipe Router enables you to view details of the components and constraints in a branch using the Branch
Detail window. Select options to constrain the route taken by a branch.
For example, lock components in position, create routing points and add routing planes and pipe racks to the
constraint list. All of these facilities are explained in later sections.
Select one of the routed Branches from the Pipe Router window and click Branch Detail to display the
Branch Detail window, which contains details of the selected branch.
Refer to Positioning and Locking Components for more information on the contents of the Branch Detail
window.
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The choices are: Constraint, Toggle Head Lock, Toggle Tail Lock, Lock Position, Make Positionable,
Make Deletable, Toggle Head/Tail Relative, Head W-P, and Tail W-P.
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Position the Head W-P after a particular component in a Branch or position the Tail W-P before a particular
component, which enables the Valve to be positioned directly onto the Nozzle of vessel /VESS-1, then re-
route the Pipe without affecting the position of the Valve.
From the Branch Detail window, select Modify > Tail W-P to display the Modify Tail W-P window.
From the Modify Tail W-P window, select VALVE 1, click OK.
From the Pipe Router window, select the Route: Selected option.
Pipe Router re-routes the Pipe from the Head Work-point to the Tail Work-point, which is now positioned
before VALV 1.
Check the position of the valve, display the Branch Detail window for the branch, then scroll to the bottom of
the Components/Constraints list to display the details.
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In all other cases Pipe Router attempts to insert a bend or elbow to turn into an orthogonal direction as close
as possible to the component.
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Lock several non-orthogonal components in a row. For example, lock two 45 degree elbows to give a non-
orthogonal section of pipe and place a locked valve on this section of pipe. Pipe Router does not route any
part of the Branch between the elbows, providing that straight pipe does not clash; and it adds any necessary
connection components to the valve. However, the valve must be locked: if it is positionable Pipe Router
routes orthogonally between the elbows.
It may be better to continue in a non-orthogonal direction from a nozzle until a route has passed an
obstruction, because this might give a shorter route with fewer elbows. Lock the elbow at ‘A’ to give this route:
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To enter the coordinates on the Create Routing Point window or use the other options available on the
menu, which are similar to the normal AVEVA E3D™ positioning options. Routing points can only be
positioned after positionable or locked components.
By specifying a different arrive and leave direction, a bend or elbow has to be inserted at the position of the
routing point. If a change of direction is not required, select the Through Direction and specify the direction
for the pipe to take at that point. If the direction is unset, Pipe Router selects the best direction to minimise the
number of bends or elbows used.
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specifying a named element or, which may be the head, tail or, the next element in the branch.
Note: Make sure that the routing point is still in a sensible position in the list of constraints, otherwise a very
convoluted route may be obtained.
If a DATUM has been used as a routing point, the standard AVEVA E3D™ positioning options can be used to
modify its position.
Routing Rules
Routing Rules are special AVEVA E3D™ rules which are used to control how components are selected,
positioned and orientated as Branches are routed and how Pipes are packed on Pipe Racks and Routing
Planes.
Use the sample routing rules supplied with the Pipe Router, or define routing rules refer to Automatic Pipe
Route Administration for further information.
Note: Refer to Catalogue Database for further information about defining rules for setting attributes.
Routing rules can be applied to individual branches or all branches within a particular site, zone, or pipe.
Rules can be applied or removed to individual components, as required.
Expressions
A routing rule consists of AVEVA E3D™ expressions. AVEVA E3D™ expressions are described in detail in
Introduction.
AVEVA E3D™ expressions consist of the following:
• AVEVA E3D™ element types. For example, VALV, BRAN, TEE which also includes OWNER and
MEMBER.
• AVEVA E3D™ attributes and pseudo-attributes. For example, HDIR, ABOR.
For a list of AVEVA E3D™ attributes, refer to Catalogue Database for further information.
• Logical operators. The operators available are
• EQ equal to
• NE not equal to
• GE greater than or equal to
• GT greater than
• LE less than or equal to
• LT less than
• Keywords. There are a wide variety of keywords, for example, ALL, WITH, UP, IS.
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First select the rule world which contains the rule sets to apply to the branch from the RULE WORLD list,
which contains all the Branches selected on the Pipe Router window. From the Rule sets available in
current world list, select the rule set. The rule set can be added as high priority or low priority.
Click Add HIGH to add the rule set to the High Priority Sets list or Add LOW to add the rule set to the Low
Priority Sets list. Click Apply. You must then route the branch to apply the rules.
Pipe Router first checks to see if there are any rules that apply to a component from the high priority rule sets.
If there are none then Pipe Router checks if there are any rules that apply in the low priority rule sets.
From the Settings > Apply Rules options on the Pipe Router window applies the rule sets to a site, zone or
pipe. In these cases all branches which are below them in the hierarchy also have the rule sets applied,
unless they have rule sets specifically applied.
Note: If rules are applied to an element which contains many Branches, for example, a Zone, then each time
a Branch is routed, Pipe Router checks every Branch to see if the rules apply which may take some
time.
By default, Pipe Router applies all the rules in the specified sets to a branch, providing they are appropriate.
However, to remove a rule from a particular component in a branch, or add one from another rule set.
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From the Rules applying to current component list, select the component that the rule is applied to.
The letter that precedes the rule description shows where the rule was originally applied. The letters used are:
• B Branch
• PPipe
• Z Zone
• S Site
From the Rules available list, select the rule to be applied to the selected component, then click Include. The
rule is added to the list of rules which apply to the component. Click Dismiss to close the Component Rules
window.
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useful, for example, in routing groups of pipes along a wall or ceiling, or to group pipes close together. For
example two routing planes can be used, one above the other, to group all north/south pipes together and all
east/west pipes together.
Note: For Pipe Router, a Pipe Rack is defined as a group of routing planes. Refer to How Pipe Router Uses a
Plane for further information on Pipe Racks.
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In the name box, input the name of the new routing plane which is the name that displays in the Members List
and the Branch Detail window.
In the Description box, input the description of the routing plane, this text is not used elsewhere in AVEVA
E3D™. (It may be useful for keeping a record of the plane’s purpose for future reference).
The Position of the pipe wrt to the plane can be changed by selecting from a choice of options in the Pipe
positioning drop-down list.
Top of pipe - Positions the top of the pipe on horizontal routing planes, or in front of vertical routing planes
adjusting for any insulation. Top is the Z direction of the Plane which displays with an arrow.
• Centre of pipe - Positions the centre of the pipe along the routing plane.
• Bottom of pipe - Positions the side of the pipe below horizontal routing planes, or behind vertical routing
planes, adjusting for any insulation.
The Pipe to Pipe Gap and Packing Method options control how Pipes are packed on the plane., refer to
Pipe Packing for further information. Click OK.
The Routing Plane Dimensions window displays.
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Enter the coordinates on the Routing Plane Dimension window or use the other options available on the
menu, which are similar to the normal AVEVA E3D™ positioning options.
In the Length box, input the length of the plane, from the Dir drop-down list, select the direction that the pipes
are to be routed along wrt to the plane.
In the Width box, input the width of the plane, then set the direction wrt to the width of the plane.
Click Apply to create the routing plane or Dismiss to discard any inputs and close the Routing Plane
Dimension window.
The Routing Planes Dimensions window displays.
A vertical routing plane can be created by setting one of the Dir fields to be U or D (up or down). The up/front
direction of the plane is indicated by a construction arrow in the graphical view which is drawn perpendicular
to the plane. To reverse the direction, reverse either of the length or width directions, for instance from E to W.
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Components on Planes
The Last on Plane check box on the Add Routing Plane window (and the Last on Rack check box on the
Add Pipe Rack window) allows you to specify that positionable and locked components are placed on the
plane. When it is switched on, the neighbouring list shows all the positionable and locked components in the
Branch: select the one required: all the positionable and locked components after the Plane, up to and
including the component given as Last on Plane, are positioned on the plane.
You can have several positionable components on a plane or rack and have more than one locked
component on a rack providing they are aligned.
• Reducers are not permitted as positionable or locked components on a plane.
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To manually associate a pipe rack with individual branches or tell Pipe Router to automatically search for and
make use of any pipe racks which exist within the search volume of a branch or branches. The default search
volume is the volume between the head and tail of a pipe, and it can be extended as specified on the Pipe
Router Defaults window.
Pipe Router selects the closest pipe rack to the head in the search volume, whose direction takes the pipe
closer to the tail, and providing that when using it, the pipe travels on the rack for longer than the Minimum
Travel Distance as defined on the Pipe Router Defaults window.
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travelling along an extension of the rack in User-A's area then User-B has a rack with its starting edge at the
limit to represent this.
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In the Name box, input a name for the pipe rack, (the name of the STRU element which owns the pipe rack
elements displays under the Name).
Select an element in the steelwork, click Convert to display the Pipe Rack Definition window and pick an
element in the steelwork to create the rack from.
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Define values which apply to all the planes in the Rack. When a pipe rack is created in this way, the following
parameters have been derived from the existing structure and cannot be changed at this point:
• Elevation of Anchor Plane
• Elevation between Planes
• Number of Travel Planes
• Number of Entry/Exit Planes.
Note: The Anchor Plane is the lowest travel plane in the rack.
The Overhang of Entry/Exit planes can be changed. The default value is set on the Pipe Router Defaults
window.
Set any Options to apply to all planes in the Rack. Refer to Pipe Packing Defaults for further information in
Pipe to Pipe Gap and Packing Method.
Click OK on the Pipe Rack Definition window, the Planes part of the Create Pipe Rack window is now
populated.
Click Dismiss to discard any changes.
Note: Routing planes are added with transparency, the degree of transparency is controlled by the Drawlist.
Pipe Router has automatically filled in the Rack Direction, and the Dimensions of the rack. The details of the
Planes display in the list of Planes at the bottom of the window. The Plane attributes area of the window, the
display values are those for the plane selected in the Planes list. The Plane Attributes can be edited for
individual planes by changing the values in the window and then click Include to create a new plane or
Replace to replace the plane selected in the list.
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To manually add a pipe rack to the list of constraints for a branch, from the Pipe Router window, select the
branch, select Modify > Branch > Add Pipe Rack > Selection to display the Add Pipe Rack window.
The Add Pipe Rack window contains a list of the pipe racks that are available for selection.
Select the required rack, click OK to add the rack to the Components/Constraint list for the selected branch
or Cancel to discard any selections and close the Add Pipe Rack window.
You must then route all the branches using the Pipe Router window.
The default route creates pockets in three of the Pipes. By default, Pipe Router routes all pipes that are
associated with a pipe rack along the first travel plane that it finds in the routing plane group (RPLG).
Note: Routing rules can be used to achieve a better route: refer to Automatic Pipe Route Administration for
further information.
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You can also route pipes using a conceptual pipe rack, that is, a pipe rack without any associated steelwork.
The steelwork can be added later.
Route the pipes before adding the pipe rack, which allows you to see the effect of the routing plane on the
route taken by the pipes.
Note: Routing plane groups can only be created inside a STRU element.
Navigate to the STRU element, from the Pipe Router window, select Create > Structure for Planes to
display the Name Structure for RPLG window, a STRU element is created in the design hierarchy.
Pipe Packing
Specify the gaps between Pipes on Routing Planes, which includes Routing Planes defining Pipe Racks. The
section only deals with setting values for pipe packing using the Pipe Router windows. Pipe packing can also
be controlled by means of Rules, which are described in Automatic Pipe Route Administration.
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The Pipe Router Defaults window also has a Pipe gap rounding option, which makes sure that the centres
of pipe are positioned at rounded coordinates relative to the edge of the routing plane. Coordinates are
always rounded up. If no rounding is required, leave this value as 0. AVEVA E3D™ Router obtains values
from the OD (for the current Pipe) or the geometry (for adjacent Pipes), and assume that these are consistent.
For example, consider two Pipes, OD 145mm and 60mm, on a plane for which the gap is 100mm. If the
rounding factor is set to 10, the centre of the first Pipe is placed at 80 (rather than 72.5). The centre-to-centre
distance is:
72.5 + 100 + 30 = 202.5
which is rounded up to 210. Hence the centre of the second Pipe is placed at 290:
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Pipe Router Page 34 of 35
set the options on the Create Routing Plane window when Create > Routing Plane on the Pipe Router
window menu is selected. You can also change the settings for an existing routing plane on the RPLA
Specification window, displayed when Modify > Routing Plane > Specification on the Pipe Router
window is selected.
• For pipe racks
set the options on the Pipe Rack Definition window, when you create a pipe rack. You can also change
the settings for an existing Pipe Rack on the Modify Pipe Rack window, when Modify > Pipe Rack is
selected on the Pipe Router window.
The flange width is the width of the default flange (for example, the flange which is obtained with a SELECT
command) for the branches at their current bore, even if there are other flanges on the pipe rack.
Notes:
The flange width is taken as 0 if:
• No rule is applied.
• If you try to specify WF or FF spacing between branches either of which does not have a default flange.
If necessary you can change the spacing using the additional pipe-specific gap on the Pipe Router
Defaults window.
• When wall-to-flange spacing is used, the greater of the flange widths for the current pipe and the
adjacent pipe is added to the wall-to-wall spacing.
• When flange-to-flange spacing is used, the flange width of both pipes is added to the wall-to-wall gap.
The size of flanges is found using the Flange Width (FLWI) rule, which is applied to the default flange for each
branch at its current bore. Refer to Automatic Pipe Route Administration for further information about routing
rules.
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Pipe Router Page 35 of 35
In the Import File text box, input the directory and file name of the P&ID file to load. Alternatively, click
Browse to display the File Browser which contains a list of the available files, then select the required file.
If you would like to keep a copy of the log file produced during import, in the Log File box, input a file name.
Alternatively, click Browse to display the File Browser which contains a list of the available files, then select
the required file.
The options can be defined by selecting from the Options part of the Import P&ID window:
• Modify Elements, do not ask. - Pipe Router modifies Pipes and Branches which are in both the existing
model and the P&ID file. If this option is not selected, you are prompted to decide whether to modify the
element or not. Minor elements (Valves, Tees and other minor components.) are made unnamed if they
already exist, whether this set to on or off.
• Do NOT delete generated macro - During import, a macro is created to generate all the components.
Normally this file is deleted after import, but if you select this option it is kept.
• Show log file after import - Displays the log file. The log file can be displayed later using the Display >
Log file option on the menu at the top of the window.
• Unname tees after import - If an element has a name in DESIGN, Design Manager attempts to find the
name in PEGS. Tees do not exist in PEGS, and so each Tee found generates an error if this option is not
selected.
To import the P&ID file, click Run Import.
The Modified Pipes & Branches list shows any existing Pipes and Branches that have been modified when
the P&ID was read in. As far as possible, Pipe Router attempts to keep any attributes that have already been
set in the model, and any constraints that have been added to Branches. However, if the P&ID file requires
components to be re-ordered, elements are deleted and re-created in AVEVA E3D™, resulting in attribute
settings and constraint associations to be lost.
Messages generated are also output to the Command Input & Output window, if the window displays
currently. The log contains messages relating to the progress of the import operation, and any errors or
warnings. In particular, the Branch Head must be positioned, if the HREF is not set.
The import file is processed in two passes:
Pass 1 looks for any components that appear more than once. For example, in PEGS, a three-way valve
appears on three branches. The import process removes the Valve from the branches that have the
component set as a TREF, leaving it as a member of the main branch only.
Pass 2 generates the macro to create the elements.
If there is no Piping specification set in the P&ID file, then the pipe will be rejected.
1974 to current year. AVEVA Solutions Limited and its subsidiaries. All rights reserved.
https://help.aveva.com/AVEVA_Everything3D/3.1.1/PDUV/PDUV14.5.1.html 04/12/2020