12

TVL – AFA - ORGANIC

AGRICULTURE
Quarter 1 – Module 1:

PREPARE COMPOSTING AREA

AND RAW MATERIALS
 TLE – Grade 12
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1 Prepare Composting Area and Raw Materials
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Module Writers: Rosie Baldelovar, Analiza Pampora
Jonathan Bayaton, Jefferd Alegado
Elum, Jonathan Bayaton

o
n Priscillo P. Paulin, CESO VRosela R. Abiera Fay C. Luarez, TM, Ed.D., Ph.D.Maricel S. Rasid Adolf P. AguilarElmar L. Ca

Printed in the Philippines by

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Office Address: Kagawasan, Ave., Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tele #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117
E-mail Address: negros.oriental@deped.gov.ph
 12

TVL
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Prepare Composting Area and
Raw Materials
(Select site based on compost
fertilizer production requirement )
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the TVL-Organic Agriculture 12 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)

Module on Prepare Composting Area and Raw Materials!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

Welcome to the TVL-Organic Agriculture 12 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)

Module on Prepare Composting Area and Raw Materials!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or

competencies you are expected to learn in
What I Need to Know the module.

This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
What I Know lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
ii
 module.
This is a brief drill or review to help you link
the current lesson with the previous one.
What’s In

In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways; a story, a
What’s New song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity
or a situation.
This section provides a brief discussion of
the lesson. This aims to help you discover
What is It and understand new concepts and skills.

This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
What’s More skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.
This includes questions or blank
sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
What I Have Learned
what you learned from the lesson.
This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or
What I Can Do skill into real life situations or concerns.
This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
Assessment competency.
In this portion, another activity will be given
to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
Additional Activities the lesson learned.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
 2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the nature of Organic Agriculture. The scope of this module permits it

What I Need to Know

to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the
diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the
standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. select site based on compost fertilizer production requirement;
2. gather some organic materials that are available at home or in the
community; and
3. identify organic materials readily available in the community that can be
used in making compost fertilizer.
 What I Know

A. MULTIPLE CHOICES
Direction: Read each item carefully. Write the correct answers in your notebook.
Let us determine how much you already know about composting.

1. It is the process of transforming organic materials of plant or animal origin

into humus in heaps or pits?
a. composting
b. vermin-composting
c. heating phase
d. Decomposition

2. Which of the following is an example of brown manure?

a. Sawdust
b. Kitchen wastes
c. Grass cuttings
d. Greens

3. Why do we need to select an appropriate site based on compost fertilizer

production requirements?
a. The location of a composting operation directly impacts the amount of site
preparation required and the measures needed to satisfy environmental and
regulatory requirements.
b. Proper site selection is a prerequisite to the establishment of safe and
effective composting operations.
c. Are necessary to minimize potential environmental conflicts between non-
compatible land uses, to minimize odor related problems, and to ensure
the integrity of groundwater systems.
d. All of the above

4. The separation distances for composting facilities of a private well must be?
a. 300 m
b. 400 m
c. 500 m
d. 150 m

5. Why use compost?

a. There is a need for sustainable production through integrated nutrient
management
b. It solves problems on declining yield.
c. It solves problems on declining yield.
d. All of the above

Test II: True or False:

Direction: Write the word TRUE if the statement is correct and the word FALSE if it
is wrong. Write your answer before the number.

1
 1. Composting is a mixture of decayed organic materials decomposed
by micro - organisms.
2. Proper site selection is a prerequisite to the establishment of safe and
effective composting operations.
3. Separation distances are necessary to maximize potential
environmental conflicts between non-compatible land use.
4. Vectors are animals and insects or pests that carry pathogens from one
host to another.
5. To minimize odor, maintain pile porosity at 40% or greater.

Lesson PREPARE COMPOSTING

1 AREA AND RAW
MATERIALS
In this module, you will be learning the basic concepts of composting and
the raw materials that can be used in composting. Prepare for a fun-filled learning
ahead.

What’s In

1. What is the importance of knowing the different materials of composting?

2. Why do you think that there are materials that we should need to avoid in
Making compost?
3. Give one advantage of using organic fertilizer?
 What’s New

Composting is nature's way of recycling. According to the website of

Resource Recovery and Waste Management Division, yard waste and food waste are
broken down and become food for plants. Organic wastes, such as food waste and
yard waste, make up 25 to 50% of what people throw away. While you may not be
able to compost all of the organic waste you generate, composting can significantly
cut down on your overall trash. Applying compost to your soil makes for happy
plants and a better time tending your garden.

What is It

Select site based on compost fertilizer production requirement

Compost and composting

Compost is a mixture of decayed organic materials decomposed by micro-

organisms in a warm, moist, and aerobic environment, (oxygen-breathing) releasing
nutrients into readily available forms for plant use.

Why use compost?

 There is a need for sustainable production through integrated nutrient
management.
 Compost produces less methane than non-decomposed rice straw when
incorporated in the soil.
 It solves problems on declining yield.
 It also corrects micronutrient problems like zinc deficiency.

Composting is the controlled decay of plant and animal wastes to produce

compost, a dark, rich soil-like material. Compost is added to the soil to improve its
structure and nutrient content.

In nature, bacteria, fungi, worms, and other soil organisms help in breaking
down dead plants and animals, as well as animal wastes. Decomposed organic
material becomes part of the soil. This natural decay usually takes place very
slowly. To speed up the process, composters create ideal growing conditions for
compost organisms.
Site Selection for Compost Piles
Proper site selection is a prerequisite to the establishment of safe and
effective composting operations. The location of a composting operation directly
impacts the amount of site preparation required and the measures needed to
satisfy environmental and regulatory requirements.

Site Selection Guidelines

Separation distances are necessary to minimize potential environmental
conflicts between non-compatible land uses, to minimize odor related problems,
and to ensure the integrity of groundwater systems

Table 1. Separation Distances for Composting Facilities

Separation
Distance

Neighbouring Properties:

dwelling 400m

commercial building 300m

industrial building 300m

Farm 100m

Roadways:

Right of way of a local road and arterial or collector highways 50m

Watercourses:

rivers/streams 150m

private well 150m

lakes 300m

Buffer Zones:

minimal buffer strip between a composting facility 30m

boundary and adjacent property

Table 1 indicates the recommended separation distances. However, these

may be modified, if deemed necessary by the environmental inspector, to make a
project environmentally acceptable. Modifications will be based on the type of
material to be composted, the composting site, operational procedures, etc.
The composting facility shall not be located in areas subject to flooding and
where the seasonal high groundwater table is less than 1 meter from the
groundwater table or where the minimal depth to bedrock is less than 1.5 meters.
 The composting facility shall not be located within a protected watershed as
defined by the Clean Water Act.
The composting facility shall be located on a surface with a slope of between 1%
and 6%.
The Department must obtain a letter from the development officer of a
municipality or a District Planning Commission stating the proposed project
conforms to local planning regulations relative to land use provisions adopted for
the area under the Community Planning Act.
The proponent shall notify the owner(s) whose property is located within 1/2
kilometer from the proposed composting facility before issuing an Approval.
Composting Site Selection
Incorrect compost site selection can cause major problems, both in the short
and long term. Can start with a preliminary sketch.
 Prevailing winds
 Traffic flow
 Landscape
 Run-off
 Surrounding land uses
 Environment information

Buffer Zone
 To minimize potential environment impacts
 To protect water sources
 Horizontal and vertical separation

Consideration when selecting a site

 Dwelling
 Commercial buildings
 Industrial buildings
 Farm
 Roadway
 Water sources
 Water table
 Bedrock

General Area Requirements

Depends on compost technology (windrows or in-vessel)
Throughput
Raw materials storage
Space for the finished product
Buffer areas (odor, noise, pollution control)
Holding ponds
Fire lane
Truck queuing
Vehicle parking
Future expansion
Biofilter (could be 50% of total surface area for composting)

Area Requirements for windows

Equipment
Volume of material handled
Shape of the pile
Daily volume of material to be composted
Pile dimension
Windrows volumes and numbers
Sketch layout

Area Requirements for In-Vessel (not generally for green waste)

Far less than windrows
a. The volume of finished compost
b. Curing time
c. Pile height and spacing
d. equipment movements

Curing and Storage

About ½ of the original volume
Area requirements can vary from 25% to 200% of the size of composting area
Spacing requirements depend on
a. volume of finished compost
b. length of time required for curing and storage
c. Pile height and spacing
d. Equipment movement

Other considerations
Composting surface 1%-6% slope
Avoid flood plains, high ground preferable
Drain to the setting pond then normal runoff
Downwind of the sensitive receptor (odor, dust, etc.)
Aesthetics
Animal byproducts (not usually applicable for green waste)
Water quality
a. Managed through proper siting, compost mixtures, pile management
Runoff and Leachate
a. Can be managed through good composting
b. Land application and recirculation of runoff
Odor
Vectors
Dust
Noise
Fire hazards

What’s More

Study the figure below. Answer the following questions as your guide. Write your
answers in a separate sheet.
1. What does the picture shows?
2. Why does site lay outing important?
3. What are the possible effect of putting compost site in an improperly?

What I Have Learned

Direction: Give your insight or understanding of the following terms. Write your
answers in your notebook.
1. Compost
2. Site selection
3. Compost piles
4. Siltation
5. Erosion

What I Can Do

Instruction:
Go out and gather different organic materials found outside your
home. Do not forget to wear your protective equipment while doing the
activity. Be careful in using sharp objects. Please observe Occupational
Health and Safety always. Take photos of every activity that you perform.
 Criteria for gathering organic materials
Criteria 30 points
Quality Assembled organic fresh,
juicy materials are usually
higher in nitrogen, carbon,
chemical, and toxins free
(like; fruits, vegetables,
grasses, manure, fresh
and dried leaves, straw,
vegetable crops, and
others).
Quantity Collected 1 sack of organic
materials that are rich in
carbon and nitrogen.
Speed Performed the proper
gathering of materials
within 1 hour and 40
minutes.
Used of Wear the complete Personal
Personal Protective Equipment
Protective during the gathering (like;
Equipment boots, gloves, hat, mask,
and jacket).
Used of Tools Use appropriate tools and
and equipment in gathering
Equipment organic materials.
Good Practice good working and
working and safety habits at all times.
safety habits
TOTAL
Assessment
MULTIPLE CHOICES
Direction:
Read each item carefully. Write the correct answers in a separate sheet and
submit it to your teacher. Let us determine how much you already know about
composting.
1. The separation distances for composting facilities of a private well must be?
25 points 15 points
Picked up organic Collected only
materials that are one kind of
carbonaceous and organic waste.
nitrogenous (like;
grasses, fresh and
dried leaves).
Gathered 3/4 sack of Congregated 1/2
organic wastes that are sack of
nitrogenous and nitrogenous and
carbonaceous. carbonaceous.
Practiced the proper Executed the
collection of organic correct way of
waste within 1 hour collecting organic
and 50 minutes. materials within
120 minutes.
Use only 2-3 Personal Did not bring any
Protective Equipment of the PPE.
during collection.
Use some prescribed Use only one tool
tools and equipment in getting organic
as a substitute in the waste.
absence of other tools.
Sometimes apply good Working without
working and safety observing good
habits. working and
safety habits.
 a. 300 m
b. 400 m
c. 500 m
d. 150 m

2. It is the process of transforming organic materials of plant or animal origin

into humus in heaps or pits?
a. composting
b. vermin-composting
c. heating phase
d. decomposition

3. Why use compost?

a. There is a need for sustainable production through integrated nutrient
management.
b. It solves problems on declining yield.
c. It solves problems on declining yield.
d. All of the above

4. Why do we need to select an appropriate site based on compost fertilizer

production requirements?
a. The location of a composting operation directly impact the amount of site
preparation required and the measure needed to satisfy environmental and
regulatory requirements.
b. Proper site selection is a prerequisite to the establishment of safe and
effective composting operations.
c. Are necessary to minimize potential environmental conflicts between non-
compatible land uses, to minimize odor related problems, and to ensure
the integrity of groundwater systems.
d. All of the above
5. The following are considerations in selecting site, EXCEPT:
a. Dwelling
b. Landscape
c. Commercial buildings
d. Industrial buildings
6. What is the distance separation for composting facilities of a commercial
building?
a. 100 m
b. 200 m
c. 300 m
d. 400 m
7. The distance separation of minimal buffer strip between a composting facility
boundary and adjacent property is .
a. 10m
b. 20m
c. 30m
d. 40m
8. The composting facility shall be located on a surface with a slope of between
.
a. 1 - 4
%
b. 1 - 6 %
c. 2 - 4 %
d. 2 - 6%
9. What is/are the importance of separation distance for composting facilities?
a. It minimize potential environmental conflicts between non-compatible land
uses.
b. It minimize odor related problems.
c. It ensure the integrity of groundwater systems
d. All of the above
10. Which of the following help/s in decomposing organic material like dead plants
and animals?
a. Bacteria
b. Fungi
c. Virus
d. Worms

Additional Activities

Direction: Fill in the blanks with the correct answer by choosing the answer inside
the box.

1% and 6% less than 1 metereffectivecompostingdecomposed

5% and 8%
greater than 2 meters defective compost immature

1. The composting facility shall be located on a surface with a slope

of between .
2. The composting facility shall not be located in areas subject to flooding
and where seasonal high groundwater table is .
3. Proper site selection is a prerequisite to the establishment of safe and
composting operations.
4. is added to the soil to improve its structure and nutrient content.
5. The organic material becomes part of the soil.
 Answer Key

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References

Content:
Anacleto B. Coronel, MS., DVM. A primeron Animal Husbandry Technology and
Livelihood Education III .Agriculture and Fishery. Animal Production. SEDP
SERIES

Competency Based-Learning Material

Animal Production NC II Module 1-6 Deciding to Raise Poultry pages 1-14

http://lessismore.org/materials/72-benefits-of-composting/

Images:

https://poultrymanual.com/poultry-philippines-chicken-breeds

https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=Hubbard+chicken&FORM=HDRSC2

http://www.filipinopoultry.com/index.php/2016/05/23/chicken-breeds-in-
philippines/

https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=Houses%20for%20Chicks%2FBrooders%
20in%20the%20philippines&qs=n&form=QBIR&sp=- 1&pq=houses%20for
%20chicks%2Fbrooders%20in%20the%20philippines&sc
=0-45&sk=&cvid=51701CC9666441AEA2D030BE12BFF6A3.
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