Maritime Academy

Of Asia and the Pacific

DESCRIBES TYPICAL SHIPBOARD ORGANIZATION

EXPLAINS MANAGEMENT LEVEL, STATES POSITIONS AND

DESCRIBES ROLES

EXPLAINS OPERATIONAL LEVEL, STATES POSITIONS AND

DESCRIBES ROLES TOPIC
EXPLAINS SUPPORT LEVEL, STATES POSITIONS AND
DESCRIBES ROLES
OBJECTIVES
OUTLINES CHAIN OF COMMAND
3
SHIP BOARD
ORGANIZATION
The Designated Person Ashore (DPA) is the
‘keystone’ to provide the structure and support
for an efficient and effective Safety
Management System onboard a vessel.
Required by ISM Code for all commercial
vessels over 500gt. THE COMPANY
The DPA is especially designated to ensure a
reliable communication between the company
and the crew and to supervise the safe
operation of the vessel.
 Responsibility of the Company with Emergency
Preparedness

•The Company should identify potential emergency

shipboard situations, and establish procedures to
respond to them.

•The Company should establish programmes for drills

and exercises to prepare for emergency actions.

•The SMS should provide for measures ensuring that

the Company’s organization can respond at any time to
hazards, accidents and emergency situations involving
it ships.

THE COMPANY
 SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
COMPONENTS
Safety Policy and Objectives
• Management commitment and responsibility Safety Risk Management
• Safety accountabilities • Hazard Identification
• Appointment of key safety personnel
• SMS implementation • Risk Assessment Mitigation
• Contractors/Third party interferences
• Coordination of emergency response planning
• SMS Documentation

Safety Assurance
• Safety performance monitoring and
measurement

Safety Promotion • Internal safety investigation

• Training and Education • The management of change

• Safety Communication • Continuous improvement of the SMS

CROCUS Presentation 7
AUTHORITY STRUCTURE
ONBOARD SHIP
Ship’s Organization
The ship’s crews are the personnel who sail on
board a ship and are responsible for its operation,
primarily when the ship is at sea (with some
responsibility when at port). For the purpose of
ship operation and traditionally, the crew of a
commercial ship is divided into three departments Ship’s
Organization
•Deck department
•Engine department
•Catering (steward’s) department.

9
 Seafarers hold a variety of professions and ranks,
and each of these roles carries unique
responsibilities which are integral to the successful
operation of a seafaring vessel.

Deck Department
Those who navigate the ship

Ship’s Engine Department

Maintain Machinery controls.
Organization Carries out all repair functions onboard.

Deck Department
Takes care of the catering needs onboard ship
 SHIPBOARD ORGANIZATION
STRUCTURE
Master

Steward Department Deck Department Engine Department

Deck Officers Deck Ratings Engine Officers Engine Ratings

Chief Cook

nd Chief Officer Boatswain 2nd Engineer Fitter

2 Cook

Able Bodied 3rd Engineer Oiler

2nd Officer
Messman Seaman
Ordinary
3rd Officer 4th Engineer Wiper
Seaman

Deck Cadet Engine Cadet

11
 MANAGEMENT LEVEL OFFICERS
MASTER
Deck Department
ship's highest responsible
officer, acting on behalf of
the ship's owner / operator or
manager
our dedicated creative people that craft meaningful designs and develop solutions
Chief Officer Chief Engineer 2nd Engineer
Deck Department Engine Department Engine Department
Supervises the daily
also called Chief official title of someone
maintenance and operation of
Mate or First Mate is qualified to manage and
the engineering systems
the head of the deck oversee the engine
department department
12
 Ship’s

CAPTAIN
Traditional Customary title given to the person in
charge of a ship at sea
Highest Responsible officer acting on behalf of the
shipowner/operator or manager
Can be called Master Mariner. A person holding an
unrestricted master’s license and may use the acronym
MM after their name

CROCUS Presentation 13
Ship’s

CAPTAIN
Responsible for all aspects for a ship underway. And
has enormous legal powers
Ranks does not give the right to interfere in the
captain’s running of the ship
Among professional mariners, the title “Captain” is
generally reserved for those who have served in
command of a merchant vessel and not for someone
who only holds a command license but never acted
upon.

CROCUS Presentation 14
 Deck Officer

CHIEF OFFICER
Head of the deck department which involves
administrative tasks such as scheduling work, quality
control, coordinating with other departments, conflict
and resolution

May also be called the chief mate who also complies

supply, overtime and cost control records, requisitions
or purchases stores and other equipment.

CROCUS Presentation 15
 Deck Officer

CHIEF OFFICER
• Second in command after the ship’s Master.

• Responsible for the vessels cargo operation, ship’s stability

and supervision of the deck crews.

• Also responsible for the safety and security of the ship as

well as the welfare of crew onboard.. Trains cadets and
other crews on various aspects of safety, firefighting,
search and rescue and other important matters.

• Normally appointed as the ships fire officer. And

sometimes designated as the ship’s security officer
depending on the discretion of the administration.

16
 Chief
ENGINEER
Official title of a qualified person to oversee the
engine department
Commonly referred to as “Chief” who is responsible
for all operations and maintenance that have to do
with all engineering equipment throughout the ship

Commonly appointed as technical adviser to the fire

officer for fires in machinery spaces

CROCUS Presentation 17
Second
ENGINEER
Also known as First Assistant Engineer

Officer Responsible for the daily maintenance and

operation of the engine department.
The marine engineer second in command of the ship’s
engine department
Typically the busiest engineer aboard the ship, due to
the supervisory role this engineer plays and the
operational duties performed
In charge of the main propulsion machinery including
the steam and gas turbine.

18
 OPERATIONAL LEVEL OFFICERS

2nd Officer 3rd Officer 3rd Engineer 4th Engineer

2nd Mate 3rd Mate 2nd Assistant Engineer 3rd Assistant Engineer
Watch duties depends upon
Watch duties 0000H-0400H Watch duties 0000H-0400H Watch duties depends upon
the type of ship and
and 1200H-1600H. and 1200H-1600H. the type of ship and
arrangement of engine
arrangement of engine

19
 Deck Officer

SECOND OFFICER
Also known as second mate, who is in charge of the
navigation.
Commonly assigned as the navigation officer and is
also in charge of the bridge equipment
Typically stands the 12-4 navigational watch

In port, he is assigned by the Chief Officer in the

loading and unloading of cargoes.

CROCUS Presentation 20
 Deck Officer

THIRD OFFICER

• Also known as “Third Mate” which is the most junior

officer of the ship.

• Usually assigned as the safety officer. Responsible for fire

fighting equipment, lifeboats, emergency systems, life
saving appliances and is in charge of a bridge or cargo
watch.

• Typically stands an 8-12 navigational watch

21
 Third
ENGINEER
Also known as the 2nd Assistant engineer. Who is
usually in charge of the boiler, fuel, auxiliary engines,
condensate and feed systems but may vary depending
on the company
Person in charge of bunkering operation. And also
stand as an engineering watch depending on the type
of ship and arrangement of engine.

CROCUS Presentation 22
Fourth
ENGINEER
Also known as 3rd Assistant Engineer.

The most junior marine engineer of the ship,, he or

she is usually responsible for electrical, sewage
treatment, lube oil, bilge, and oily water separation
systems. But may vary depending on the company

He or she is also in charge on maintenance of the

lifeboat and may assist the third mate in the operation
of the latter.

23
APPRENTICE CADET ON BOARD

Is a marine engineering graduate, entitled to a

Engine Cadet seaman’s book, but is not an officer-proper.

Cadet’s trains for a total of 1 year onboard ship
Engine Apprentice
while executing the tasks of an officer in charge of
the watch under the supervision of the senior
officers

Is a marine transportation graduate, entitled to a

Deck Cadet seaman’s book, but is not an officer-proper.
Deck Apprentice

24
 DECK RATINGS

Boatswain Able Bodied Ordinary Seaman

Is in charge of the unlicensed Deck Seaman Entry level Position in ship’s
Standing watch as Helmsman and deck department
crew. Phonetically spelled and
lookout
pronounced bosun.

25
 BOATSWAIN
Bosun
Act as the foreman of all the seaman who
performs all practical seamanship work onboard
under the order of the Chief Officer.

CROCUS Presentation 26
ABLE BODIED SEAMAN
Helmsman
Are experienced in all practical seamanship work. They
perform day work and watches in sea and in port..
A Helmsman is required to maintain a steady course,
properly execute all rudder orders and communicate
utilizing navigational terms relating to heading and
steering. While the ship is not underway, a watch
stander may be called upon to stand security related
watch such as gangway watch or anchor watch

27
ORDINARY SEAMAN
OS
An OS performs a variety of duties concerned with the
operation and maintenance of deck department areas and
equipment. This maintenance includes painting, scaling,
grinding, washing and other deck related duties..

They sometimes splice rope, break out, rig, overhaul, and

stow cargo handling gear, stationary rigging, and running
gear.

Additional duties of an OS is securing cargo as well as

launching and recovering life boats

CROCUS Presentation 28
 ENGINE RATINGS

Wiper
Fitter Oiler Engine Ratings
Engine Ratings Engine Ratings Wiper’s role consist mainly of
The ship fitter is required on most ships One of the most junior maintaining the cleanliness of the
onboard. crewmember in the engine room engine room and wiping of all
of a ship. machineries.

29
FITTER
Fitter is in charge of maintenance of machinery
including pipelines and fabrication of needed parts for
an equipment. Most jobs of a fitter is welding,
grinding, and the use of lathe machine in fabrication.

30
 OILER
Oiler can stand watch in the engine room. They
monitor and record parameters in the engine room and
maintain lubrication of machineries. Acts as the
assistant of engine officers during maintenance of
machineries

CROCUS Presentation 31
 WIPER
Wiper are assigned to maintain the cleanliness of the
whole engine room. He is the most junior of all the
engine crew. He make sure that all machineries are
clean especially from

CROCUS Presentation 32
 STEWARD DEPARTMENT
respected and dynamic management team with deeply experienced individuals

Chief Cook 2nd Cook Messman

Senior Unlicensed crewmember Junior to the chief cook. Assist Assist the chief cook in preparation and Cleans

working in the steward’s department the chief cook in the preparation the mess room, wash the dishes and works

and all other steward related under supervision

of a ship
work

CROCUS Presentation 33
CHIEF COOK
Chief cook is the senior officer who directs and
participates in the preparation and serving of meals.

Plans the sequence of operation required to timely

serve the food

Maintains proper storage of food. And cleanliness of

equipment.

Oversees cleaning and maintaining officers' quarters

and steward department areas
Safe manning Principles
Ships organization depends on the manning
arrangement and ship’s design.

Some arrangement of ship’s are UMS which

means unattended machinery spaces

Several factors in determination of minimum safe Principles of

manning will be discussed further into the topic
Minimum safe
Manning

35
Guidelines for the application of principles of
safe manning.
These Guidelines should be used in applying the principles of
minimum safe manning set out in section 3 to ensure the safe
operation of ships to which article III of the 1978 STCW
Convention, as amended, applies, and the security of ships to
which chapter XI-2 of the 1974 SOLAS Convention, as amended,
applies, and for the protection of the marine environment.

Principles of
Minimum Safe
Manning
36
Guidelines for the application of principles of
safe manning.

The Administration may retain or adopt arrangements which

differ from the provisions herein recommended and which are
especially adapted to technical developments and to special types
of ships and trades. However, at all times the Administration
should satisfy itself that the detailed manning arrangements
ensure a degree of safety at least equivalent to that established by
these Guidelines

Principles of
Minimum Safe
Manning
37
THE OBJECTIVES OF THESE GUIDELINES ARE TO:

ENSURE THAT A SHIP IS SUFFICIENTLY, EFFECTIVELY

Principles of Safe
AND EFFICIENTLY MANNED TO PROVIDE SAFETY AND
SECURITY OF THE SHIP, SAFE NAVIGATION AND Manning
OPERATIONS AT SEA, SAFE OPERATIONS IN PORT

PREVENTION OF HUMAN INJURY OR LOSS OF LIFE, OBJECTIVES

THE AVOIDANCE OF DAMAGE TO THE MARINE
ENVIRONMENT AND TO PROPERTY

ENSURE THE WELFARE AND HEALTH OF SEAFARERS

THROUGH THE AVOIDANCE OF FATIGUE
 Guidelines for determination of minimum safe manning
The minimum safe manning of a ship should be established taking into account

PRINCIPLES OF the following factors:

Minimum safe manning • size and type of ship

• number, size and type of main propulsion units and auxiliaries
• level of ship automation
• construction and equipment of the ship
• method of maintenance used
• cargo to be carried
• frequency of port calls, length and nature of voyages to be undertaken
• trading area(s), waters and operations in which the ship is involved
• extent to which training activities are conducted on board
• degree of shoreside support provided to the ship by the company
• applicable work hour limits and/or rest requirements; and
• the provisions of the approved Ship's Security Plan

39
CROCUS Presentation
 A safety management system is a systematic approach to managing safety,
including organizational structures, accountabilities, policies and procedures. An
SAFETY SMS is scalable so it can be tailored to the size and complexity of your
organization
MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
40
Code of
SAFE WORKING
PRACTICES
The Code is addressed to everyone on a ship regardless of
rank or rating, and to those ashore responsible for safety,
because the recommendations can be effective only if they
are understood by all and if everyone cooperates in their
implementation. Those not actually engaged in a job in hand
should be aware of what is being done, so that they may
avoid putting themselves at risk or causing risk to others by
impeding or needlessly interfering with the conduct of their
work

41
Authority Structure on ships
END OF TOPIC