ABDULRAHMAN AL-SUMAIT

UNIVERSITY
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE WITH
EDUCATION
DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE, FIRST YEAR, THIRD SEMESTER
2019/2020
COURSE TITLE : PRACTICAL PHYSICS 1
COURSE CODE : PH233
LEACTURE’S NAME : MR KHAMIS MASOUD
KHAMIS
PRACTICAL NUMBER : ONE
STUDENT NAME : ALI ISSA OTHMAN
REGISTRATION NUMBER : 19/PC/006

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TITLE OF EXPERIMENT: determination of relationship between force and
spiral extension, force constant of spiral spring.

ABSTRACT

The aim of this experiment was to determine the relationship between force and
spiral extension. The spring constant was determined statically, by measuring its
elongation (height) by meter rule when subjected to loading. The resulting values
of spring constant was ¿dyne/cm. Our spring behavior followed Hooke's law to
within the limits of accuracy of this experiments.

OBJECTIVE OF EXPERIMENT: to determine the relationship between force

and spiral extension, force constant of spiral spring.

INTRODUCTION:

this experiment was established by the English physicist, Robert Hooke. In the
case of rubber cord and the spring, the force applied produced change in length.
The deformation referred to in hook’s law need not be increase or decreases in
length; it could be a change in volume or a change in shape, the law which
proposed called Hooke’s law

Hook’s law state that “within the elastic limit, the extension of a spring is directly
proportional to the applied force, provided the elastic limit is not exceeded”

F
k=
∆x

Elastic limit is the maximum point of deformation that a body can undergo and
steel return to original shape when the force causing it. This law applied in home a)
spring in furniture, b) rubber gaskets that seal the refrigerator door c) clothing.

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Also it applied in transport a) support cables for bridge, b) rubber tyres, and shock
absorbing spring for car and truck

THEORY: when a load is gradually applied to the free end of a spiral spring
suspended from a fixed support, the spring usually stretched until the tension in the
spring just balances the weights. This will occur in a certain limit of weights.
Within these limits, the load in the spring is directly proportional to the extension
of spring. This is Hooke’s law

MATERIAL USED: spiral spring, weight holder, weights, balance, meter rule
and retort stand

PROCEDURE:

1. Recorded the reading of spiral pointer in normal case (without any weight)
x1 (cm)
2. Added 20 (gms) weight, recorded the pointer reading x2 (cm)
3. Calculated the extension ∆ x=x 2−x 1 (cm)
4. Repeated step 2 and 3 may times, added 20 (gms) each time recorded the
corresponding extension,

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 DATA AND ANALYSIS

Mass M (gms) 20 40 60 80 100

X1 (cm) 26 26 26 26 26
X2 (cm) 31 35.7 40.6 45.4 50.5
∆X=X2-X1 (cm) 5 9.7 14.6 19.4 24.5
F= 981*M(dyne) 19620 39240 58860 78480 98100
k 3924 4045 4032 4045 4004 k av
4010

∆ k=4010−k 86 -35 -21 -35 5 ∆ k av

36.4

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 THE GRAPH OF F AGAINST ∆X
120000

f(x) = 4001.61 x + 516.45

100000

80000
F(dyne)

60000

40000

20000

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30

∆X(cm)

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DISCUSSION

A graph of force against the spiral extension resulted in the expected straight line
in the range of forces examined and is consistent with Hooke’s law. The slope of
this line, 4010dyne/cm, is the spring constant, which agrees with value found by
taking the average of the calculated spring constant ¿. The intercept for the best fit
straight line intersects close to the origin, which is also consistent with Hooke’s
law.

The sources of error in this experiment are due to the precision of the location
measurement using the meter stick and the accuracy of the slotted masses. Also
systematic error due to the parallax reduced by stay away perpendicular when a
reading data, due to the external souses like air resistance reduced by switch of fain
and close up the window.

CONCLUSION

In this experiment we verified the relationship between force and spiral extension,
we observed that the force is 4010 times spiral extension. Also 4010dyne/cm
represent the spring constant.

REFFERENCE

L.E. Folivi and A. Godman, New certificate physics, New Edition.

N. Kumar, comprehensives physics. For Class XI