FOUNDING OF KKK
society did not approve of their marriage in
- On the night of July 7, 1892, Andres Bonifacio,
Teodoro Plata, Ladislao Diwa, Valentin Diaz, and
Jose Dizon met in the house of Deodato Arellano at
Azcarraga Street (Claro M. Recto), Tondo, Manila.
They formed a secret revolutionary society called
Katipunan or KKK ㅡ Kataas-taasan,
Kagalanggalangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng
Bayan.
- Objectives:
1. Political Goal - separation of the Philippines
from Spain was the separation of the Philippines
from Spain to secure the independence of the
colony
2. Moral Goal - good manners, hygiene, good
morals, and rejection of religious fanaticism and
weakness of character
3. Civic Goal - self-help and the defense of the
poor and the oppressed
1st Supremo: Deodato Arellano
2nd Supremo: Roman Basa
3rd Supremo: Andres Bonifacio
ANDRES BONIFACIO
- Nov. 30, 1863- May 10, 1897
- born Tondo, Maynila
- he is deemed as the great Plebeian.
Plebeian, in common definition generally
means a commoner, or during the Roman
times, one who has a lower class
- Father: Santiago Bonifacio
- Mother: Catalina de Castro
- Three Brothers: Ciriaco, Procopio, Troadio
- Sisters: Espiridiona, Maxima
(Bonifacio is the eldest)
- Founder and leader of Katipunan
- Before the revolution, he was a clerk
messenger of the commercial film Fleming
and Company
- When the revolution broke out, he was a
warehouse keeper at Fressel and Company
- His first wife is Monica, his neighbour, she
died from leprosy, a year after their
marriage
- In 1892, he met Gregorian de Jesus and fell
in love. After months of courtship. They
married at Binondo Church and remarried
again according to Katipunan Rites, as the
Catholic Church
- He was executed at Maragondon, Cavite
with his brother Procopio on May 10,1897
WOMEN OF KATIPUNAN
 Women were not admitted as members of
the Katipunan since it is too dangerous
however women became increasingly
suspicious which affects their livelihood, for
practical reason they open the membership
for women.
 The basic requirement for women
admission in katipunan: one had to be a
wife, sister or daughter of a Katipunero
 Women are tasked to recruit new members,
keeper and guardians of secret documents.
 In katipunan meetings, they sang and
danced with some of the men in the living
room to mislead the civil guard into
believing that are just having a social party.
- Gregoria de Jesus, bonifacio’s wife called
the Lakambini of the Katipunan
- Josefa Rizal, J Rizal’s sister and President
of Women of Katipunan
- Trinidad Rizal, J.Rizal’s sisters
- Maria Dizon, cousin of Jacinto
- Benita Rodriguez, who made the KKK flag
- Melchora Aquino, Mother of the Philippine
revolution
RIZAL AND THE KKK
 Jose Rizal never became involved in the
organization and activities of Katipunan, but
Katipuneros still look up to him as a leader.
 Andres B. known Jose R during La Liga
days, although Rizal did not know Bonifacio
personally. Bonifacio still respect Rizal’s
intelligence
 June 1896, Dr. Pio Valenzuela is sent to
see Jose Rizal in Dapitan and informed him
about the revolution.
 Rizal considered the Katipunan as a just
and patriotic organization but did not agree
to the plan of launching a revolution
because of lack of arm, manpower, and
able leaders.
 Rizal opposed their plan of rescuing him
because he have given his word to the
Spaniards
  When Valenzuela reported Rizal’s reaction
on Katipunan plans to Bonifacio, the
supremo was irked and exclaimed “Thurder
(lintek), where did Rizal read that for a
revolution, you must have ships and
arms?”
 Even though Rizal didn’t agree, he made a
suggestion to the katipunan, he told Pio V
that if it is possible, they should get the
support of rich and influential Filipinos in
Manila and make Antonio Luna as the
leader of the military operation of the
revolution.
PREPARATION OF THE REVOLUTION
 Bonifacio and Jacinto headed a delegation
of Katipunan members who conferred with a
visiting Japanese naval officer and a consul
for the purpose of soliciting material aid and
alliance from Japanese.
 The Japanese were unwilling to support
Bonifacio and his cause. They are careful
because they may get accused of
intervention in domestic affairs by Spanish
authorities.
 Bonificio failed to purchase arms and
ammunition from Japanese due to lack of
funds.
 Growing population of members, Bonifacio
ordered manufacture of more bolos and
daggers.
 He instructed some Katipuneros to steal
firearms from Spanish arsenals.
 They have frequent secret meeting to map
out the war plan and military strategy for the
coming revolution.
DISCOVERY OF THE KKK
Frequent nocturnal meetings of the Katipunan
members made some Spaniards suspicious.
Rumors about a secret revolutionary society had
long been in circulation but there is no solid
evidence to support the claim.
August 19, 1896- nagkaroon ng alitan ang
dalawang katipunero empleyado ng Diario de
Manila na si Apolonio dela cruz at Teodoro Patino,
sa galit ay nasabi ni Patino sa kanyang kapatid na
si Honoria ang sekreto ng katipunan. Nasabi
naman ito ni honoria kay Sor Teresa. Hinikayat nila
si Patino na sabihin ang kanyang nalalaman kay Fr.
Mariano Gil, parish priest ng Tondo. Tumawag si
Gil sa kinauukulan at pinuntahanan ang nasabing
lugar kung saan nakatago ang mga document at
ibang ibidensya tungkol sa katipunan.
CRY OF THE PUGAD LAWIN
News about the discovery of Katipunan spread to
Manila and other places. Andres Bonifacio
immediately called for a general meeting of the
members. Many members coming from different
places gathered at the house of Juan Ramos, Son
of Melchora Aquino on August 23,1896
All the members agreed to Bonifacio and Jacinto’s
plan to start the revolution, only Teodoro Plata
disagreed because he thought it was too soon and
not ready for revolution.
Bonifacio asked them to tear their cedula as a sign
of their defiance and determination to rise against
the Spaniards. They tore their cedula and shout
“Long live the Philippines”
THE REVOLUTION
 The first Filipino-Spanish encounter is the
battle of San juan del monte (aug 29,1896)
- They decided to attack san juan to remedy
acute lack of arms
- 153 katipuneros died and more than 200
were prisoned.
 August 30, 1896, Gov general Ramon
Blanco placed the eight provinces under
martial Law
- Manila
- Cavite
- Bulacan
- Batangas
- Laguna
- Tarlac
- Nueva ecija
- Pampanga
 Katipunan sa Cavite
Cavite became the center of the revolution
- MAGDALO, (believed in the leadership of
Emilio Aguinaldo) Baldomero Aguinaldo,
cousin of Aguinaldo headed the magdalo
which is stationed in Kawit
- MAGDIWANG, (followers of Andres B.)
General Mariano Alvarez led the
magdiwang and stationed in Noveleta.
- In Bacoor, Aguinaldo tried to intercept
Spanish reinforcement coming from Manila
but forced to retreat in Imus. September 5,
he defeated the Spanish troops under the
command of Gen. Aguirre. Hundred
Spaniards killed, and 60 weapons are
confiscated. Aguinaldo is hailed as a hero.
The Cavitenos referred him as “General
Miong” and no longer “Kapitan Miong”.
- December 13, 1896- Camilo de Polavieja
replaced Ramon Blanco as Gov. general.
He was more successful than Blanco and
slowly gained one-third of the province.
 Tejeros Convention
 Bonifacio’s execution
- Aguinaldo won as president while Bonifacio
was relegated as the Director of the Interior.
Bonifacio rejected the elections and
declared it void. Bonifacio later formed the
Naic Military Agreement, essentially
creating a government contending
Aguinaldo's. Soon after, Bonifacio was
captured, stood trial, and was sentenced to
death by a War Council of Aguinaldo's
government. Aguinaldo initially commuted
the sentence to deportation but later
reversed the commutation upon pressure
from Pio Del Pilar and other officers. On
orders from General Mariano Noriel, Andres
Bonifacio and his brother Procopio was
executed at the foothills of Mt. Buntis in
Maragondon by Major Lazaro Makapagal on
May 10, 1897.
-
 Biak na Bato Republic
The province of Cavite is under control of
Rivera leaving Aguinaldo no choice but to
transfer his headquarters. They began
retreat at Batangas and finally in Biak na
Bato, Bulacan where he establishes his
Biak na Bato Republic
The constitution was based on Cuban
Constitution
It was drafted/written by Felix Ferrer and
Isabelo Artacho
It was signed on November 1, 1897
 Pact of Biak na Bato
Pedro Paterno- a Spaniard born in the
Philippines volunteered to act as a
negotiator between Aguinaldo and Gov.
Primo de Rivera to end the clashes.
The Pact was signed on December
14,1897, it is created to make a truce
between Rivera and Aguinaldo to end the
Philippine Revolution
Aguinaldo and his fellow revolutionaries
were given amnesty and monetary
indemnity of 900,000 to 800,000 by the
spanish government if they voluntarily exile
in Hongkong and surrendering of arms.
”900,000php for non-combatants and
800,000php for the rebels payable as
follows:
1. 400,000php to be paid as soon as
Aguinaldo and company left the
country2
2. 200,000php to be given after most of the
arms were surrender
3. 200,000php to be given after all
hostilities ceased and general amnesty
was proclaimed”
After receiving the partial payment of
400,000 Aguinaldo left for Hongkong on
December 1897
 The Biak na Bato Pact Fails
The Filipino’s and the Spaniards did not
trust each other. As a result, periodic
clashes between the two groups still took
place even after Aguinaldo’s departure from
the country. The Spanish did not pay the
entire agreed amount.