The Mohr Circle

Given
σyy
σxy
σxy
σxx σxx
σxy
σxy
σyy
 Question is:
Compute the stress in x’y’

σ y’y’
y’ y
σ x’y’
σ x’y’
σ x’x’
x’
θ
x σ x’x’
σ x’y’ y’
σ x’
σ y’y’
Derived in Class
 Draw Axes and (σxx , -σxy)
σyy
σxy
Shear
σxx σxy
σxx
σxy
σxy

σyy
σxx
Positive
σxx ,σyy
σxy

Denoted X end.
Absolute coordinates:
(σxx , -σxy)
 Draw (σyy , +σxy)
σyy
σxy
Denoted Y end.
σxx σxy
Absolute coordinates:
σxx (σyy , +σxy)
σxy
σxy

σyy
σxy
σxx
Positive
σyy σxx ,σyy
σxy

X
 XY: The State of Stress
σyy
σxy
σxx σxy
σxx
σxy
σxy Y

σyy
σxy
σxx
Positive
σyy σxx ,σyy
σxy

X
 Mohr’s Circle
σyy
σxy
σxx σxy
σxx
σxy
σxy Y
σxy
σyy
σxx
Positive
σyy σxx ,σyy

σxy
X
 Rotated Axes
σyy
σxy
σxx σxy
σxx
σxy
σxy Y
σxy
σyy

σxx Positive
σ yy σyy σxx ,σyy
2θ
σ xy
σ xy σxy
σxx σ xx
X
σ xy
σ xy
σ yy
 Rotated Axes
σ yy
σ xy
σ xy
σxx σ xx

σ xy
σ xy
X’
σ yy σx’y’
σx’x’ Positive
σy’y’ σxx ,σyy
2θ
σx’y’
Y’

Note that σxy is now negative

because X’ is above the x axis
 Some points that you should be careful
about…
σ
σ yy yy
σσxyxy
σσxy Y
σxx xy
σ xx X’
σxx σx’y’
σxy σy’y’ σx’x’
σ xy
σxy 2θ
σ xy σx’y’
Y’
σyyσ yy X

► XY is tilted the Mohr Circle by an angle determined by σxx , σyy

and σxy .
ƒ XY is horizontal if and only if σxy is 0.
ƒ XY is vertical if and only if σxx = σyy.

► X’Y’ is at an angle 2θ to XY.

(It may look from the picture that it is at an angle θ from the
horizontal. That is a coincidence.)
 Principal Stresses
σyy
σxy
σxy What is this angle?
σxx
σxx This angle is 2θp.
σxy
Where θp is the angle
σxy Y at which principal
σxy stresses are achieved.
σyy

σxx Positive
σyy σxx ,σyy

σxy
σ yy
X

σ xx σ xx θp

σ yy
Some comments about principal stresses
σ yy Y
σxy

σ xx σ xx θp
σxx
σyy
θp

σ yy
σxy
X

► Principal stresses occur when shear stresses vanish

► One of the principal stresses is the maximum stress
possible
► The other principal stress is the minimum stress possible
 Today
► We have just closed the book on stresses
► Now we will do strains
► Strains are very similar to stresses