Ekor - RPS: Multifunctional Protection Unit Volume 1 of 3

ekor.
rps
Multifunctional protection unit
Volume 1 of 3
General instructions
IG-150-EN, version 04, 03/10/16
LIB
CAUTION!
When medium-voltage equipment is operating, certain components are live, other parts may be in movement and some may
reach high temperatures. Therefore, the use of this equipment poses electrical, mechanical and thermal risks.
In order to ensure an acceptable level of protection for people and property, and in compliance with applicable environmental
recommendations, Ormazabal designs and manufactures its products according to the principle of integrated safety, based on
the following criteria:
•• Elimination of hazards wherever possible.
•• Where elimination of hazards is neither technically nor economically feasible, appropriate protection functions are
incorporated in the equipment.
•• Communication about remaining risks to facilitate the design of operating procedures which prevent such risks,
training for the personnel in charge of the equipment, and the use of suitable personal protective equipment.
•• Use of recyclable materials and establishment of procedures for the disposal of equipment and components so
that once the end of their service lives is reached, they are duly processed in accordance, as far as possible, with the
environmental restrictions established by the competent authorities
Consequently, the equipment to which the present manual refers complies with the requirements of section 11.2 of Standard
IEC 62271‑1. It must therefore only be operated by appropriately qualified and supervised personnel, in accordance with the
requirements of standard EN 50110-1 on the safety of electrical installations and standard EN 50110-2 on activities in or near
electrical installations. Personnel must be fully familiar with the instructions and warnings contained in this manual and in other
recommendations of a more general nature which are applicable to the situation according to current legislation[1].
The above must be carefully observed, as the correct and safe operation of this equipment depends not only on its design but also
on general circumstances which are in general beyond the control and responsibility of the manufacturer. More specifically:
•• The equipment must be handled and transported appropriately from the factory to the place of installation.
•• All intermediate storage should occur in conditions which do not alter or damage the characteristics of the equipment
or its essential components.
•• Service conditions must be compatible with the equipment rating.
•• The equipment must be operated strictly in accordance with the instructions given in the manual, and the applicable
operating and safety principles must be clearly understood.
•• Maintenance should be performed properly, taking into account the actual service and environmental conditions in
the place of installation.
The manufacturer declines all liability for any significant indirect damages resulting from violation of the guarantee, under any
jurisdiction, including loss of income, stoppages and costs resulting from repair or replacement of parts.
Warranty
The manufacturer guarantees this product against any defect in materials and operation during the contractual period. In the
event that defects are detected, the manufacturer may opt either to repair or replace the equipment. Improper handling of this
equipment and its repair by the user shall constitute a violation of the guarantee.
Registered Trademarks and Copyrights
All registered trademarks cited in this document are the property of their respective owners. The intellectual property of this manual
belongs to Ormazabal.
For example, in Spain the “Regulation on technical conditions and guarantees for safety in high-voltage electrical installations” – Royal Decree
[1]
337/2014 is obligatory.
In view of the constant evolution in standards and design, the characteristics of the elements contained in this manual are subject
to change without prior notice. These characteristics, as well as the availability of components, are subject to confirmation
by Ormazabal.
General instructions Contents
ekor.rps
Contents
1. General description....................................................6 3.3. Programming of LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

3.4. Programming of general settings . . . . . . . . . . . 47
1.1. Scope of the manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.4.1. General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
1.2. Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.4.2. Setting ranges (table 0, single) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
1.3. Model coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.5. Communication configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
1.4. User interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.5.1. Communication via front door (Port 1_1)
1.4.1. Local . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 and rear port Nr. 2 (Port 1_2) (COM 1) . . . . . . . 49
1.4.2. Remote . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.5.2. Communication via rear port Nr. 1
1.5. Hardware configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 (Port 2) (COM 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
1.6. Environmental conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3.5.3. Ethernet communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
1.7. Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3.6. Other configuration settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
1.7.1. Electrical tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3.6.1. Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
1.7.2. Environmental tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3.6.2. Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
1.7.3. Mechanical tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3.6.3. Phase order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
1.8. CE Conformity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3.6.4. Neutral Parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
1.9. Wiring diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 3.6.5. Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
3.6.6. Test mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
2. Hardware...................................................................33 3.6.7. Push-buttons/LEDs enabling and locking
2.1. Constructive characteristics. Horizontal box by command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
(ekor.rps-h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 3.6.8. Power supply supervision enabling . . . . . . . . . 53
2.2. Constructive characteristics (ekor.rps-tcp) . . . 34 3.6.9. Power supply enabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
2.3. Rear terminals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 3.6.10. Display contrast setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
2.4. Options for rear communications ports . . . . . .36
4. Protection functions. Description and settings.....54
2.5. RS485 connection detail between
some units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 4.1. Phase overcurrent protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
2.6. Connection between fiber optic and 4.1.1. General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
a radio modem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 4.1.2. Settings ranges of the timed characteristic
2.7. Ethernet communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 (6 tables) (normal and HIGH2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
2.7.1. Ethernet via GOF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 4.1.3. Timing cancellation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
2.7.2. Ethernet via RJ45 cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 4.1.4. Settings ranges of the instantaneous
2.8. Technical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 characteristic (low level) (6 tables)
2.8.1. Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 (normal and HIGH2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
2.8.2. Output Contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 4.1.5. Settings ranges of the instantaneous
2.8.3. Digital inputs (optoisolated) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 characteristic (high level) (6 tables) . . . . . . . . . . 56
2.8.4. IRIG-B input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 4.2. Neutral overcurrent protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
2.8.5. Analog outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 4.2.1. General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
2.8.6. Phase and neutral current circuits 4.2.2. Setting ranges of the timed characteristic
(standard rating 1 A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 (6 tables) (normal and HIGH2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
2.8.7. Sensitive neutral or isolated neutral 4.2.3. Setting range of neutral time inhibition
current circuits (standard rating 0.025 A) . . . . 43 (6 tables) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
2.8.8. Phase and neutral current circuits 4.2.4. Settings ranges of the instantaneous
(specified rating 1/5 A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 characteristic (low level) (6 tables)
2.8.9. Sensitive neutral or isolated neutral current (normal and HIGH2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
circuits (specified rating 0.25/0.025 A) . . . . . . . 43 4.2.5. Settings ranges of the instantaneous
2.8.10. Voltage circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 characteristic (high level) (6 tables)
2.8.11. Measurements accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 (normal and HIGH2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
2.9. Operating frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 4.3. Instantaneous special operation . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
2.10. Phase order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 4.4. 2nd harmonic restraint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
4.5. Protection functions blocking with
3. Unit configuration....................................................45 manual closing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
3.1. Programming of digital inputs and 4.6. Directionality of the phase and
logic inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 neutral overcurrent protections . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
3.2. Programming of digital outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 4.6.1. Phase directional in quadrature (67) . . . . . . . . . 62
IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 3

Contents General instructions
ekor.rps
4.6.2. Phase directional by sequences (67) . . . . . . . . . 63 4.15. Undervoltage protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

4.6.3. Neutral directional (67N); polarization 4.15.1. General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84
by S0 (V0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 4.15.2. Setting ranges of the timed characteristic
4.6.4. Neutral directional (67N); polarization (6 Tables) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
by S - (V2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 4.15.3. Setting ranges of the instantaneous
4.6.5. Neutral directional (67N); polarization characteristic (6 tables) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
by S0 + S - (V0 + V2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 4.16. Voltage unbalance protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
4.6.6. Neutral directional (67N); polarization 4.16.1. Timed characteristic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
by I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 4.16.2. Instantaneous characteristic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
4.6.7. Neutral directional (67N); polarization 4.17. Zero sequence overvoltage protection . . . . . . 86
by S0 + I (V0 + Ipol) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 4.17.1. Setting range (6 tables) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
4.6.8. Neutral directional (67N); polarization 4.18. Frequency protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
by S – + I (V2 + Ipol) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 4.18.1. Minimum frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
4.6.9. Neutral directional (67N); polarization 4.18.2. Maximum frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
by S0 + S- + I (V0 + V2 + Ipol) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 4.18.3. Frequency gradient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
4.6.10. Neutral directional (67N); watimetric 4.19. Fuse failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
directional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 4.20. Teleprotection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
4.6.11. Neutral directional (67N); 4.20.1. Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
I*cos (φ)/I*sen (φ) directional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 4.20.2. Setting range (6 tables) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
4.7. Sensitive neutral overcurrent protection . . . . 72 4.20.3. Protection trip mask (6 tables) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
4.7.1. General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72 4.20.4. Used signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
4.7.2. Setting ranges of the timed characteristic 4.21. Thermal image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
(6 tables) (normal and HIGH2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 4.21.1. General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96
4.7.3. Setting ranges of the instantaneous 4.21.2. Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
characteristic (single level) (6 tables) 4.21.3. Trip times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
(normal and HIGH2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 4.21.4. Heating curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
4.7.4. Directionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 4.21.5. Cooling curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
4.8. Current unbalance protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 4.22. Field loss protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
4.8.1. General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77 4.22.1. Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
4.8.2. Setting ranges of the timed characteristic 4.22.2. General settings range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
(6 tables) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 4.22.3. MHO area settings range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
4.8.3. Setting ranges of the instantaneous 4.23. Power protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
characteristic (6 tables) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 4.23.1. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
4.9. Broken conductor protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 4.23.2. Minimum power protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
4.9.1. General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78 4.23.3. Maximum power protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
4.9.2. Setting ranges (6 tables) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 4.23.4. Reverse power protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
4.10. Phase characteristic voltage control 4.23.5. Reactive power reverse protection . . . . . . . . . 103
(function 51 V/50 V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 4.23.6. Minimum apparent power protection . . . . . . 103
4.10.1. Mode 1 (51 V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 4.23.7. Maximum apparent power protection . . . . . . 104
4.10.2. Mode 2 (51 V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 4.24. Breaker monitorin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
4.10.3. Mode 2 (50 V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 4.24.1. General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
4.10.4. Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 4.24.2. Setting range (6 tables) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
4.11. High current lockout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80 4.24.3. Coil monitoring example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
4.11.1. Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80 4.25. Coil monitoring example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
4.11.2. Setting (table 0, single) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 4.25.1. General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
4.12. Cold load pickup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 4.25.2. Setting range (6 tables) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
4.12.1. Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80 4.26. Breaker failure protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
4.12.2. Settings (table 0, single) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 4.26.1. General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
4.13. Isolated neutral protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 4.26.2. Setting range (6 tables) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
4.13.1. General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82 4.27. Tap changer locking (50TCL function) . . . . . . 107
4.13.2. Setting ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 4.28. Locking of the protection functions . . . . . . . . 107
4.14. Overvoltage protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 4.29. Fault locator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
4.14.1. General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83 4.29.1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
4.14.2. Setting ranges of the timed characteristic 4.29.2. Programming settings and
(6 tables) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 collecting results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
4.14.3. Setting ranges of the Instantaneous 4.29.3. Locator operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
characteristic (6 tables) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
4 IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16

General instructions Contents
ekor.rps
5. Automation functions........................................... 112 8. Other functions...................................................... 129
5.1. Recloser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 8.1. Time setting and synchronization . . . . . . . . . . 129

5.1.1. General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 8.1.1. Time setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
5.1.2. Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 8.1.2. Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
5.1.3. Setting range (6 tables) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 8.2. Control messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
5.1.4. Trips enabling (6 tables) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 8.3. Mando local/remoto . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
5.1.5. Enable of reclosings (6 tables) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 8.4. Commands by keyboard and
5.1.6. Other operation characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 front push-buttons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
5.2. Sequence coordination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 8.5. Power supply supervision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
5.3. Reclosing after tripping 8.6. External supply supervision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
by minimum frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 8.7. Temperature supervision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
5.3.1. General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 8.8. Test mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
5.3.2. Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
5.4. Special recloser to operate with 9. Operation mode..................................................... 138
protections with single-pole trip . . . . . . . . . . . 118
5.5. Syncrocheck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 9.1. Through keyboard/display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
5.5.1. General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 9.1.1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
5.5.2. Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 9.1.2. Elements of the keyboard/display unit . . . . . 138
5.6. Close locking with presence or 9.1.3. Operating mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
absence of voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 9.2. Through the PC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
5.7. Automation function for distribution
substations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 10. Reception, storage, installation and tests........... 141
5.7.1. Unloaded springs automation functions . . . 120 10.1. Reception and storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
5.7.2. Voltage presence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 10.2. Connecting procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
5.7.3. Lockings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 10.2.1. Power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
10.2.2. Earth connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
6. Other settings........................................................ 121 10.2.3. RS232 cable connections to be used
6.1. Programming of logic outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 between the PC and the ekor.rps unit . . . . . 141
6.2. Selectivity logic functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 10.3. Unit addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
6.3. Measurements chronological record . . . . . . . 122 10.4. Commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
7. data acquisition functions.................................... 123
7.1. Events reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

7.2. fault records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
7.3. Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
7.3.1. Measurements at the secondary . . . . . . . . . . . 125
7.3.2. Measurements at the primary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
7.4. Measurements historical report . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
7.4.1. General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
7.4.2. Settings range (6 tables) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
7.5. Statistical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
7.6. Protection status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
7.6.1. By keyboard/display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
7.6.2. Through PC (protections console) . . . . . . . . . . 128
7.7. Oscillograph data recorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 5

General description General instructions
ekor.rps
1. General description
The ekor.rps units are multifunctional protection relays Inside the family different models exist that differ to each
of numerical technology, and they constitute the basic other for some hardware aspect or for their functionality.
element of protection, measurement and control for The Firmware is common for all the models; the available
cogeneration facilities or for HV/MV electrical bays. They functions for the user in each model are defined in a circuit
can be used as autonomous elements of protection, control of programmable logic (PLD). The Firmware is chargeable in
and measurement of an electric bay, or integrated within an the equipment through the serial port, what facilitates the
integrated protection and control system. versions updating.
1.1. Scope of the manual
This manual does not fit a certain ekor.rps model, it fits the following appendixes: Curves for the operation of the timed
whole options (for FW version equal or newer than W). For functions, communication protocols, keyboard/display menu
each specific model only the physical characteristics and structure, etc.
functions of the model are applied. The manual consists of
Anyway, each unit is provided with a resumed“characteristics
two volumes: The first contains the information regarding
sheet”, which describes the functions of the specific model
configuration, functions etc. and the second contains the
and its interconnections diagram.
1.2. Functions
1. Protection j. Frequency protection: Maximum (81 M), minimum (81 m),

Standard functions df/dt (81 R)
k. Power protection (32): Maximum, minimum, reverse
a. Three phase overcurrent protection (3 x 50/51, with two
instantaneous levels) l. Fuse failure surveillance
b. Neutral overcurrent protection (50N/51N, with two m. Thermal image (49)
instantaneous levels) n. Fault locator
c. Phase current unbalance protection (46) o. Field loss
d. Broken conductor protection (46 BC) 2. Automatisms
e. Breaker monitoring Functions depending on model
f. Close and trip circuit monitoring a. Three-phase recloser (overcurrent trips)
g. Breaker failure b. Recloser for single-phase overcurrent trips
h. 2nd harmonic restraint c. Recloser for restoration after frequency trips
Functions depending on model d. Syncrocheck
a. Sensitive neutral overcurrent (50NS/51NS) e. Special automatisms for distribution substations (slack
springs, voltage presence)
b. Directionality for the phase overcurrent (3 x 67)
c. Directionality for the neutral overcurrent (67N) 3. Measurements
d. Isolated neutral directional (67IN) a. Phase and neutral current measurement (optional:
Sensitive neutral)
e. Second directional overcurrent unit (67, 67N), independent
of the first unit b. Simple and compound voltage measurement
f. Voltage controlled overcurrent (50/51 

V), cold load c. Active, reactive and apparent power measurement
pickup, high current lockout d. Active and reactive energy measurement
g. Special functions (zones, pilot protection, negative e. Power factor measurement
sequence directional, etc.) f. Current maximeter
h. Phase voltage protection: Overvoltage (3 x 59), undervoltage g. Negative sequence measurement (I2/I1) in %
(3 x 27), unbalance (47)
i. Zero sequence overvoltage protection (59N, 64)
6 IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16

General instructions General description
ekor.rps
4. Data acquisition 5. Other characteristics

a. Events chronological reports a. Settings tables. Except for the configuration settings,
b. Fault chronological reports which are single table settings, there are 6 tables for the
various setting groups. One of the 4 tables is the active
c. Maximum and minimum measurement historical
one in a certain moment. The active table selection
d. Oscillograph data recorder can be done through the keyboard/display (in “change
settings”), or by command through the message from the
protections console or by activation of a digital input.
1.3. Model coding
The ekor.rps protection unit has the following models: 3. Distributed generation interconnection:
IB: 50/51 + 67N + 46 + 46BC+ 50BF (three-phase) + 74TC/CC +
DC: 67 + 67N + 46 + 46FA + 50BF (trif ) + 74TC/CC + 67NS + 68FF + 59 + 27 + 47 + 59N + 81 O/o + 81R + 25 + 32 + 79 +
67NA + 49 + 51 V + cold load pickup + 50CSC + 68FF 79 (81 m) + high current lockout.
The following models are available as an option and IC: Model IB + 49 + 51 V + cold load pickup + 50TCL + 2nd unit
when confirmed by Ormazabal’s technical-commercial 67/67N + 40.
department: 4. For distribution substations:
1. Non directional: CR: 50/51 + 50/51 N + 46 + 46 BC+ 50 BF (three-phase) +
74TC/CC + 49 + 79 + high current lockout + special automatisms.
NB: 50/51 + 50/51N + 46 + 46BC + 50BF (three-phase) + 74TC/CC
5. Special models: They are those that, in their
NC: Model NB + 50/51NS + 49 + 51 V + cold load pickup +
50TCL + 68FF functionality, do not exactly correspond to any of the
families described:
ND: Model NC + 59 + 27 + 47 + 59N + 81 O/U + 81R + 25
E1: 67 + 67N + 67NS + 46 + 46FA + 50BF (three-phase) +
NE: Model ND + FL 74TC/CC + 51 V + 79 +High current Lockout + LF.
E2: 67 + 67N +67NS + 51 V + 27 + 59 +59N + FF + 81 + 32 + 49.
For all of them, the 79 function is optional. E3: 50/51 + 50/51N + 50/51NS + 67NA + 79.
E4: E1: 67 + 67N + 67NS + 46 + 46FA + 50BF (three-phase) +
2. Directional: 74TC/CC + 51 V + 79 + high current lockout + cold load pickup +
DB: 67 + 67N + 46 + 46BC + 50BF (three-phase) + 74TC/CC 50CSC + 59N + 25 + LF.
DD: Model DC + 59 + 27 + 47 + 59N + 81 O/U + 81R + 25

DE: Model DD + 2nd unit 67/67N + 50BF (single-phase)
DF: Model DE + FL
For all of them, the 79 function is optional.
IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 7

ekor.rps
Model coding: For models with two communication ports,

COM 2 port protocol is programmable, and
ekor.rps
MODELO PL300
COM 1 protocol is always PROCOME.
MODEL
ekor.rpsnonon directional
direccional NB 79 (81 m) (recloser by underfrequency) unit,
NC only exist for models with 81 U
ND
NE
ekor.rpsdireccional
Directional DB
For the models marked with an * in the
DC transformer arrangement table
DD
DE
DF
Only for models with 67 N and T9 = Ip
ekor.rpsinterconexión
Interconnection IB (*olarization current)
IC
ekor.rpscentros
BOX TYPE
Distribution center CR
de reparto
With “T” type box, the communication must
Horizontal H be “T”
TCP integrated
POWER SUPPLY
Note 5 T
In this case, the Ethernet port protocol is
1 8 - 6 0 V dc Y encapsulated PROCOME
8 6 - 2 8 0 V dc Z
ANALOG INPUTS TERMINALS
Pin type Standard terminals 1
Closed terminals 2
EXTENSION MODULE
No module 0
9 Dls (6 indepen.) + 7 DOs (3 indepen.) 1
DIGITAL INPUTS VOLTAGE
Range: 18-160 Vdc Y
Range: 86-280 Vdc Z
REAR COMMUNICATION PORTS
GFO Programmable Protocol A
PFO Programmable Protocol B
RS232 Programmable Protocol C
RS485 Programmable Protocol D
GFO (COM-2) + GFO (COM-1) Note 1 E
PFO (COM-2) + PFO (COM-1) Note 1 F
RS232 (COM-2) + RS232 (COM-1) Note 1 G
RS485 (COM-2) + RS232 (COM-1) Note 1 H
GFO (COM-2) + RS232 (COM-1) Note 1 I
Ethernet RJ45 + GFO (COM-2) Note 6 J
Ethernet GFO + GFO (COM-2) Note 6 K
Ethernet RJ45 + RS232 (COM-2) Note 6 L
Ethernet RJ45 + RS485 (COM-2) Note 6 M
Internal communication for TCP Note 5 T
SPECIAL FUNCTIONS AND AUTOMATISMS
No Functions 0
79 + 79 (81 m) (Included in models IB, IC y CR) Note 2 1
85 (Only for directional PL-300 models) 2
79 + 79 (81 m) + 85 (Only for directional PL-300 models) Note 2 3
Battery voltage measurement and optional operating temperature
None 0
Battery voltage measurement 1
Optional operating temperature 2
Battery voltage measurement and optional operating temp. 3
Current polarized 67N Note 4
No 0
Yes 1
V0 or IN calculation
None 0
V0 calculated Note 3 1
IN calculated Note 3 2
Both (only for models DD + current polarized 67N, 3
DE + current polarized 67N, DF + current polarized 67N)
Figure 1.1. Model coding
8 IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16

ekor.rps
Transformer arrangement:
T4 T5 T9
Model nb IN
Model nc IN INS
Model nd* IN INS VSYNC V0 calculated
Model nd* IN V0 VSYNC IN calculated
Model ne* Same transformer arrangement as model nd
Model db IN V0
Model db + current polarized 67N IN V0 I0
Model dc IN INS V0
Model dc + current polarized 67N* IN INS I0 V0 calculated
Model dc + current polarized 67N* INS V0 I0 IN calculated
Model dd* IN INS VSYNC V0 calculated
Model dd* INS V0 VSYNC IN calculated
Model dd + current polarized 67N INS I0 VSYNC IN and V0 calculated
Model de* Same transformer arrangement as model dd
Model de + current polarized 67N Same transformer arrangement as model dd + current polarized 67N
Model df* Same transformer arrangement as model dd
Model df + current polarized 67N Same transformer arrangement as model dd + current polarized 67N
Model ib IN V0 VSYNC
Model ib + current polarized 67N* IN I0 VSYNC V0 calculated
Model ib + current polarized 67N* V0 I0 VSYNC IN calculated
Model ic Same transformer arrangement as model ib
Model ic + current polarized 67N* Same transformer arrangement as model ib + current polarized 67N
Model cr IN
See transformer arrangement examples in the wiring diagrams.
Table 1.1. Transformer arrangement
IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 9

ekor.rps
1.4. User interface
1.4.1. Local
The front board has: These pushbuttons must be pushed at least for 0.5 s to be
considered active.
1. 16 key keyboard
Moreover, the pushbuttons to be effective, “push-
2. 4 signaled push-buttons button enable” setting must be set as “YES” (see “other
configuration settings” chapter).
a. : Breaker closure
3. 2 line, 16 character LCD
b. : Breaker opening 4. 7 red LEDS and one green/red
5. RS232 connector for direct connection with a PC.
c. : Local/remote
PROCOME protocol
d. : It validates the other three pushbuttons, to avoid
unwished maneuvers. It must be pushed at the same time
you push the other buttons for them to have effect
1.4.2. Remote
Depending on model the rear board has one or two ports There are also models with one Ethernet port (fiber optic or
which can be glass fiber optic (ST type connector), plastic RJ45), with PROCOME TCP/IP protocol.
fiber optic, RS232 or RS485 for connection to PC, modem or
substation control unit (in integrated systems). The protocol
can be PROCOME, DNP 3.0, MODBUS or IEC 870‑5‑101 or
IEC 870‑5‑103.
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ekor.rps
1.5. Hardware configurations
Next are the Hardware possibilities that define a specific 6. Rear communication:
model: a. Glass optical fiber (GOF)
b. Plastic optical fiber (POF)
1. Box type:
c. RS232
a. Horizontal
d. RS485
2. Terminal type:
e. GFO + GFO
a. For pin tipy terminals
f. PFO + PFO
b. For closed terminals
g. RS232 + RS232
3. Power supply:
h. RS485 + RS232
a. 125/220 Vdc
i. GFO + RS232
b. 24/48 Vdc
j. GOF + Ethernet (RJ45)
4. Digital inputs voltage range: k. POF + Ethernet (OF)
a. Extended (low): 18 up to 160 Vdc. They are single-
l. RS232 + Ethernet (RJ45)
directional inputs (with polarity).
m. RS485 + Ethernet (RJ45)
b. Extended (high): 86 up to 280 Vdc. They are single-
directional inputs (with polarity). In case of having two rear ports, the one mentioned in second
place is in parallel with the front RS232 (they occupy the same
c. Restricted 24 Vdc: 18 up to 34 Vdc. They are single-
port).
directional inputs (with polarity).
d. Restricted 48 Vdc: 36 up to 60 Vdc. They are single- 7. Analogue inputs:
directional inputs (with polarity). The unit can have up to 9 analog inputs (through
e. Restricted 125 Vdc: 85 up to 150 Vdc. They are single- transformer).– Preferential option.
directional inputs (with polarity). Inputs 1, 2 and 3 are used for phase currents measurement.
f. Restricted 220 Vdc: 165 up to 264 Vdc. They are single-
directional inputs (with polarity). Input 4 is used for neutral current measurement.
5. Number of digital inputs/outputs: Input 5 depends on model. There are the next possibilities:
a. Standard: a. No input
8 inputs (5 independent, 3 with a common point). b. Sensitive neutral or isolated neutral current
7 outputs (4 independent, 3 with a common point). measurement
b. Extended: Adds to the standard: c. Zero sequence voltage measurement V0
9 inputs (6 independent, 3 with a common point). Inputs 6, 7 and 8 are used for the phase voltages measurement.
7 outputs (4 independent, 3 with a common point). Input 9 depends on model. There are the next possibilities:
c. Extended (option 2): adds to the standard: a. No input
5 independent inputs. b. Zero sequence voltage measurement V0 for the
6 outputs (4 independent, 2 with a common point). Syncrocheck function
2 analog outputs (0 to 5 mA); for other ranges please
consult Ormazabal’s technical–commercial department.
IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 11

ekor.rps
1.6. Environmental conditions
1. Operating temperature: - 10 up to 55 °C

2. Storage temperature: - 40 up to 85 °C
3. Relative humidity: Up to 95 % without condensation
1.7. Tests
1.7.1. Electrical tests
1. Measurement of dielectric rigidity: Acc. to/IEC 255-5, 7. Voltage pulses: Acc. to/IEC 61000-4-5, class IV
series C (2 kV, 1 min) 8. Micro-cuts: Acc. to/IEC 60255-11, 100 ms a 125 Vdc
2. Measurement of insulation resistance: Acc. to/IEC 255‑5, 9. Radiated electromagnetic interference:
> 10 GΩ at 500 Vdc Acc. to/EN 61000-6-4
3. Pulse (shock wave): Acc. to/IEC 255-5, appendix E, class III 10. Immunity to radiated fields: Acc. to/IEC 61000-4-3,
4. HF disturbances: Acc. to/IEC 255-22-1, class III class III
5. Fast transients: Acc. to/IEC 61000-4-4, class IV 11. Immunity to conducted: Acc. to/IEC 61000-4-6, class III
6. Immunity to electrostatic discharges: Acc. to/IEC 61000‑4‑2, radiofrequency signals
class IV 12. Immunity to low frequency: Acc. to/IEC 61000-4-8
radiated fields
1.7.2. Environmental tests
1. Cold: Acc. to/IEC 68-2-1 (- 40 °C) 4. Change of temperature: Acc. to/IEC 68-2-14 (- 20°/70°C
2. Dry heat: Acc. to/IEC 68-2-2 (+ 85 °C) two 4-hour cycles)
3. Humid heat: Acc. to/IEC 68-2-3 (+ 70 °C, 93 % relative 5. Operating range: - 10 °C. up to 55 °C
humidity)
1.7.3. Mechanical tests
1. Vibration test: Acc. to/IEC 255-21-1 class II 2. Shock and bump test: Acc. to/IEC 255-21-1 class I
1.8. CE Conformity
This product complies with the European Union directive in accordance with EMC standards. This conformity is a
2014/30/EU on electromagnetic compatibility, and with result of the test carried out in accordance with article 7 of
the IEC 60255 international regulations. The unit has been the Directive.
designed and manufactured for use in industrial areas,
12 IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16

ekor.rps
1.9. Wiring diagrams
All the following wiring diagrams show one of the possible In the outputs with change-over contact the common point
digital input and output programming (very simple). See is the middle one.
all the possibilities in “programming of digital inputs” and
“programming of digital outputs” sections. Phase sequence order is settable by keyboard/display
(See “other settings”-“protection definition”).
A
B
C
Power Supply Vdc
- +
XFA
3 2 1
X3 X2
11 1
T6 (VA) General trip

12
DC/DC SD1 2
52 13
3
14
T7 (VB) SD2 Close
4
A B C
5
15
16
T8 (VC) SD3 Phase trip
6
7
SD4 Ground trip

8
SD5 Free
X3 9
1 SD6 10
Free
2
T1 (IA) 11
12
SD7
13
HW status
3
4
T2 (IB)
5
X2
6
T3 (IC) 14
SD8 15
7
8
T4 (IN) 16
SD9
17
18
SD1 0 19
20
SD1 1
21
A B C X1 SD1 2
OPTIONAL
22
1
52 state 2 ED1
SD1 3 23
3
Close command 4 ED2
24
25
5 SD1 4
26
Open command 6 ED3
7
Free 8 ED4
9 X1
Free 10 ED5
17
18
Free 11 ED9
ED6
19
12
Free ED10 20
ED7
21
Free 13 ED11 22
14 ED8
23
ED12 24
15 +
25
Synchronization 16 - IRIG-B
ED13 26
Tx+ 1
27 Tx - 2
ED14 28
Rx+ 3
29
4
ED15 RJ45 5
30
Rx- 6
ED16
7
31
8
ED17 32
Tx
Port COM1 Glass O.F.
Rx 2 Port COM1
Tx 3 RS232 or Ethernet Rx Plastic O.F.
0V 5 Front Rear
OPTIONAL Rx 2
Tx 3
DTR 4 RS232
0V 5
Port COM2 RTS 7
Rear
1
+
2
3 RS485
-
4
GND 5
Figure 1.2. nb and cr models
IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 13

ekor.rps
A
B
C
Power Supply Vdc
- +
XFA
3 2 1
X3 X2
11 1

12
DC/DC SD1 2
52 13
3
14
T7 (VB) SD2 Close
4
A B C
5
15
16
6
7
SD4 Ground trip

8
SD5 Free
X3 9
1 SD6 10
Free
2
T1 (IA) 11
12
SD7
13
HW status
3
4
T2 (IB)
5
X2
6
T3 (IC) 14
SD8 15
7
8
T4 (IN) 16
SD9
9 17
OPTIONAL T5 (INS) 18
10
SD1 0 19
20
SD1 1
21
SD1 2
X1
OPTIONAL
22
1
A B C 52 state 2 ED1
SD1 3 23
3
Close command 4 ED2
24
25
5 SD1 4
26
Open command 6 ED3
7
Free 8 ED4
9 X1
Free 10 ED5
17
18
Free 11 ED9
ED6
19
12
Free ED1 0 20
ED7
21
Free 13 ED1 1 22
14 ED8
23
ED1 2 24
15 +
25
ED1 3 26 Tx+ 1
27 Tx - 2
ED1 4 28 Rx+ 3
29 4
ED1 5
RJ45 5
30 Rx- 6
ED1 6 7
31 8
ED1 7 32
Tx
Glass O.F.
Port COM1 Port COM1
Rx 2
or Ethernet Rx Plastic O.F.
Tx 3 RS232
0V 5 Front Rear
OPTIONAL Rx 2
Tx 3
DTR 4 RS232
0V 5
Port COM2 RTS 7
Rear
1
+
2
3 RS485
-
4
GND 5
Figure 1.3. nc model
14 IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16

ekor.rps
A
B
C
Power Supply Vdc
- +
XFA
3 2 1
X3 X2
11 1
T6 (TA) General trip

12
DC/DC SD1 2
52 13
3
14
T7 (TB) SD2 Close
4
A B C
5
15
16
T8 (TC) SD3
Phase trip
6
7
17 SD4 Ground trip

OPTIONAL 18
T9 (SYN) 8
SD5 Free
X3 9
1 SD6 10
Free
2
T1 (IA) 11
SD7
12
HW status
13
3
4
T2 (IB)
5
X2
6
T3 (IC) 14
SD8 15
7
8
T4 (IN) 16
SD9
9 17
10
SD10 19
20
SD11
21
SD12
X1
22
OPTIONAL
1
A B C 52 state 2 ED1
SD13 23
3
Close command 4 ED2
24
25
SD14
5 26
Open command 6 ED3
7
Free 8 ED4
9 X1
Free 10 ED5
17
11 ED9 18
Free ED6
19
Free 12 ED10 20
ED7
21
Free 13 ED11 22
14 ED8
23
ED12 24
15 +
25
26
ED13 Tx+ 1
27 Tx - 2
ED14 28 Rx+ 3
29 4
ED15
RJ45 5
30 Rx- 6
ED16 7
31 8
ED17 32
Tx
Glass O.F.
Port COM1 Port COM1
Rx 2
or Ethernet Rx Plastic O.F.
Tx 3 RS232
0V 5 Front Rear
OPTIONAL Rx 2
Tx 3
DTR 4 RS232
0V 5
Port COM2 RTS 7
Rear
1
+
2
3 RS485
-
4
GND 5
Figure 1.4. nd, ne, dd, de and df modelos (with V0 calculated, cod. ** **1*****01)
Although it is not represented, the Ethernet connection is also available in other diagrams.
“port 1” is COM 1 and “port 2” is COM 2.
IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 15

ekor.rps
Power supply Vdc

- +
XFA
3 2 1
X3 X2
11 1
T6 (TA)
12
DC/DC SD1 2 General trip
52 13
3
14
T7 (TB) SD2 Close
4
A B C
5
15
16
T8 (TC) SD3 Phase trip
6
7
SD4 Neutral trip

8
SD5 Free
9
SD6 10 Free
Optional 11
12
SD7
13 HW state
X2
14
X3
17 SD8 15
16
OPTIONAL 18
T9 (SYN)
SD9
17
18
SD10 19
20
SD11
21
SD12
OPTIONAL
X3 22
1
SD13 23
2
T1 (IA)
24
25
3 SD14
4
T2 (IB) 26
5
6
T3 (IC)
X1
7
8
T4 (INS) 17
ED9 18
19
9
10
T5 (V0) ED10 20
21
ED11 22
23
ED12 24
A B C 25
X1 ED13 26
1
52 state 2 ED1 27
ED14 28
3
Close command 4 ED2 29
ED15
5
Open command 6 ED3 30
ED16
7
Free 8 ED4 31
ED17 32
9
Free 10 ED5
11
Free
ED6 Tx
Glass O.F.
Free 12
Port COM1
ED7 Rx Plastic O.F.
Rear
Free 13
14 ED8
OPTIONAL
Rx 2
Tx 3
15 +
Synchronization 16 - IRIG-B DTR 4 RS232
0V 5
Port COM2 RTS 7
Rear
Rx 2 Port COM1
1
Tx 3 RS232 +
2
0V 5
Front 3 RS485
-
4
GND 5
Figure 1.5. nd, ne, dd, de and df models (with Ir calculated, , cod. ** **1*****02)
16 IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16

ekor.rps
Power supply Vdc

- +
XFA
3 2 1
X3 X2
11 1
General trip
DC/DC
T6 (TA)
12 SD1 2
52 13
3
14
T7 (TB) SD2
4
Close
A B C
5
15
16
T8 (TC)
SD3 6
Phase trip
7
SD4 Neutral trip

8
SD5 Not configured

9
SD6 10 Not configured

Optional 11
12
SD7
13
HW status
X2
14
SD8 15
X3 16
1
SD9
17
T1 (IA) 18
2
SD10 19
3
T2 (IB) 20
4
SD11
5
T3 (IC) 21
6
SD12
7
OPTIONAL
T4 (IN) 22
Trip direction 8
SD13 23
9
T5 (V0) 24
10
25
SD14
26
X1 X1
A B C
1 17
52 status 2 ED1 ED9 18
3 19
Close order 4 ED2 ED10 20
5 21
Open order 6 ED3 ED11 22
7 23
Not configured 8 ED4
ED12 24
9 25
ED13 26
11
Not configured ED6
27
ED14 28
12
Not configured ED7
29
ED15
Not configured 13
30
14 ED8
ED16
31
15 + ED17 32
Tx
Glass O.F.
Port 1A Port 1B
Rx 2
Rx Plastic O.F.
Tx 3 RS232 Rear
0V 5 Front OPTIONAL
Rx 2
Tx 3
DTR 4 RS232
0V 5
Port 2 RTS 7
Rear
1
+
2
3 RS485
-
4
GND 5
Figure 1.6. db model (cod. DB **1*****00)
IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 17

ekor.rps
A
B
C
Power supply Vdc
- +
XFA
3 2 1
X3 X2
11 1

12
DC/DC SD1 2
52 13
3
14
T7 (VB) SD2 Close
4
A B C
5
15
16
6
7
17
SD4 Neutral trip
18
T9 (I0) polarization 8
SD5 Not configured

9
Not configured
OPTIONAL
SD6 10
11
12
SD7
13
HW status
X2
14
SD8 15
16
SD9
17
18
X3 SD1 0 19
20
1
2
T1 (IA) SD1 1
21
3
4
T2 (IB) OPTIONAL SD1 2
22
5
6
T3 (IC) SD1 3 23
24
7 25
8
T4 (IN) SD1 4
26
9
T5 (V0)
10
X1
17
ED9 18
19
X1 ED1 0 20
1 21
52 status 2 ED1 ED1 1 22
A B C 3 23
Close command 4 ED2
ED1 2 24
5 25
Open command 6 ED3
ED1 3 26
7
27
ED1 4 28
9
29
ED1 5
11
Not configured 30
ED6
ED1 6
12
Not configured
ED7 31
ED1 7 32
Not configured 13
14 ED8
Tx
15 + Glass O.F.
Synchronization 16 - IRIG-B Port 1B Rx Plastic O.F.
Rear
OPTIONAL
Rx 2
Tx 3
Rx 2
Port 1A DTR 4 RS232
Tx 3 RS232 0V 5
Port 2
0V 5 Front RTS 7
Rear
1
+
2
3 RS485
-
4
GND 5
Figure 1.7. db model with polarization by 67N current (cod. DB **1*****10)
18 IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16

ekor.rps
A
B
C
Power supply Vdc
- +
XFA
3 2 1
X3 X2
11 1

12
DC/DC SD1 2
52 13
3
14
T7 (VB) SD2 Close
4
A B C
5
15
16
6
7
SD4 Neutral trip

8
17
T9 (V0)
18 SD5 Not configured
OPTIONAL
9
SD6 10
Not configured
11
12
SD7
13
HW status
X2
14
SD8 15
X3 16
1
SD9
17
2
T1 (IA) 18
SD10 19
3
4
T2 (IB) 20
SD11
5
6
T3 (IC) 21
SD12
7
T4 (IN)
OPTIONAL
8 22
SD13 23
9
T5 (INS)
24
10 25
SD14
26
X1
17
ED9 18
19
X1 ED10 20
1 21
A B C 3 23
Close command 4 ED2
ED12 24
5 25
Open command 6 ED3
ED13 26
7
27
ED14 28
9
29
ED15
11
Not configured 30
ED6
ED16
12
Not configured
ED7 31
ED17 32
Not configured 13
14 ED8
Tx
15 +
Glass O.F.
Synchronization 16 - IRIG-B Port 1B Rx Plastic O.F.
Rear
OPTIONAL
Rx 2
Tx 3
Rx 2 Port 1A DTR 4 RS232
Tx 3 RS232 0V 5
Port 2
0V 5 Front RTS 7
Rear
1
+
2
3 RS485
-
4
GND 5
Figure 1.8. dc Model (cod. DC **1*****00)
IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 19

ekor.rps
A
B
C
Power supply Vdc
- +
XFA
3 2 1
X3 X2
11 1

12
DC/DC SD1 2
52 13
3
14
T7 (VB) SD2 Close
4
A B C
5
15
16
6
7
SD4 Neutral trip

17
18
SD5 Not configured

9
SD6 10
Not configured
11
12
SD7
13
HW status
X2
14
SD8 15
16
X3
1 SD9
17
18
2
T1 (IA)
SD10 19
3 20
4
T2 (IB)
SD11
5 21
6
T3 (IC)
OPTIONAL SD12
7 22
8
T4 (IN)
SD13 23
24
25
SD14
26
9
T5 (INS)
10
X1
17
ED9 18
19
X1 ED10 20
1 21
3 23
Close command 4 ED2
ED12 24
5 25
Open command 6 ED3
ED13 26
A B C 7
27
ED14 28
9
29
ED15
11
Not configured 30
ED6
ED16
12
Not configured
ED7 31
ED17 32
Not configured 13
14 ED8
Tx
15 + Glass O.F.
Synchronization Port 1B
16 - IRIG-B
Rear Rx Plastic O.F.
OPTIONAL
Rx 2
Tx 3
Port 1A
Rx 2 DTR 4 RS232
Tx 3 RS232 0V 5
Port 2
0V 5 Front RTS 7
Rear
1
+
2
3 RS485
-
4
GND 5
Figure 1.9. dc model with polarization with 67N current (V0 calculated, cod. DC **1*****11)
20 IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16

ekor.rps
A
B
C
Power supply Vdc
- +
XFA
3 2 1
X3 X2
11 1

12
DC/DC SD1 2
52 13
3
14
T7 (VB) SD2 Close
4
A B C
5
15
16
6
7
SD4 Neutral trip

17
18
SD5 Not configured

9
OPTIONAL
SD6 10
Not configured
11
12
SD7
13
HW status
X2
14
SD8 15
16
SD9
17
18
X3 SD10 19
20
1
2
T1 (IA) SD11
21
3
T2 (IB) SD12
4
OPTIONAL 22
5
6
T3 (IC) SD13 23
24
7 25
8
T4 (INS) SD14
26
9
T5 (V0)
10
X1
17
ED9 18
19
X1 ED10 20
1 21
3 23
Close command 4 ED2
ED12 24
5 25
Open command 6 ED3
ED13 26
A B C 7
27
ED14 28
9
29
ED15
11
Not configured 30
ED6
ED16
12
Not configured
ED7 31
ED17 32
Not configured 13
14 ED8
Tx
15 +
Glass O.F.
Synchronization Port 1B
16 - IRIG-B
Rx Plastic O.F.
Rear
OPTIONAL
Rx 2
Tx 3
Port 1A
Rx 2 DTR 4 RS232
Tx 3 RS232 0V 5
0V 5 Front Port 2 RTS 7
Rear
1
+
2
3 RS485
-
4
GND 5
Figure 1.10. dc model with polarization with 67N current (Ir calculated, cod. DC **1*****12)
IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 21

ekor.rps
A
B
C
Power supply Vdc
- +
XFA
3 2 1
X3 X2
11 1

12
DC/DC SD1 2
52 13
3
14
T7 (VB) SD2 Close
4
A B C
5
15
16
6
7
SD4 Neutral trip

17
T9 (VSYNC) 8
18
SD5 Not configured

9
SD6 10
Not configured
11
12
SD7
13
HW status
X2
14
SD8 15
16
SD9
17
18
X3 SD10 19
20
1
2
T1 (IA) SD11
21
3
4
T2 (IB) OPTIONAL SD12
22
5
6
T3 (IC) SD13 23
24
7 25
8
T4 (INS) SD14
26
9 T5 (I0)
(polarization)
10
X1
17
ED9 18
19
X1 ED10 20
1 21
3 23
Close command 4 ED2
ED12 24
5 25
Open command 6 ED3
ED13 26
A B C 7
27
ED14 28
9
29
ED15
11
Not configured 30
ED6
ED16
12
Not configured
ED7 31
ED17 32
Not configured 13
14 ED8
Tx
15 +
Glass O.F.
Synchronization 16 - IRIG-B Port COM1 Plastic O.F.
Rx
Rear
OPTIONAL
Rx 2
Tx 3
Rx 2
Port COM1 DTR 4 RS232
Tx 3 RS232 0V 5
0V 5 Front Port COM2 RTS 7
Rear
1
+
2
3 RS485
-
4
GND 5
Figure 1.11. dd, de and df models with polarization by 67N current (Ir and V0 calculated, cod. ** **1*****13)
22 IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16

ekor.rps
A
B
C
Power supply Vdc
- +
XFA
3 2 1
X3 X2
11 1

12
DC/DC SD1 2
52 13
3
14
T7 (VB) SD2 Close
4
A B C
5
15
16
6
7
SD4 Neutral trip

8
SD5 Not configured

9
OPTIONAL SD6 10
Not configured
11
12
SD7
13
HW status
X2
14
17
SD8 15
OPTIONAL 18
T9 (VSYNC) 16
SD9
17
X3 18
SD10 19
20
1
2
T1 (IA) SD11
21
3
T2 (IB) SD12
OPTIONAL
4
22
5
6
T3 (IC) SD13 23
24
7 25
8
T4 (IN) SD14
26
9
T5 (V0)
10
X1
17
ED9 18
19
X1 ED10 20
1 21
A B C 3 23
Close command 4 ED2
ED12 24
5 25
Open command 6 ED3
ED13 26
7
27
ED14 28
9
29
ED15
11
Not configured 30
ED6
ED16
12
Not configured
ED7 31
ED17 32
Not configured 13
14 ED8
Tx
15 +
Glass O.F.
Synchronization Port COM1
16 - IRIG-B
Rx Plastic O.F.
Rear
OPTIONAL
Rx 2
Tx 3
Port COM1
Rx 2 DTR 4 RS232
Tx 3 RS232 Port COM2 0V 5
0V 5 Front Rear RTS 7
1
+
2
3 RS485
-
4
GND 5
Figure 1.12. ib, ic models (cod. I* **1*****00)
IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 23

ekor.rps
A
B
C
Power supply Vdc
- +
XFA
3 2 1
X3 X2
11 1

12
DC/DC SD1 2
52 13
3
14
T7 (VB) SD2 Close
4
A B C
5
15
16
6
7
17
SD4 Neutral trip
T9 (VSYNC) 8
18
SD5 Not configured

9
SD6 10
Not configured
11
12
SD7
13
HW status
X2
14
SD8 15
16
SD9
17
18
X3 SD10 19
20
1
2
T1 (IA) SD11
21
3
4
T2 (IB) SD12
22
OPTIONAL
5
6
T3 (IC) SD13 23
24
7 25
8
T4 (IN) SD14
26
9
T5 (I0)
10
(polarization)
X1
17
ED9 18
19
X1 ED10 20
1 21
3 23
Close command 4 ED2 24
ED12
5 25
Open command 6 ED3
ED13 26
A B C Not configured
7
27
8 ED4
ED14 28
9
29
ED15
Not configured 11
30
ED6
ED16
12
Not configured
ED7 31
ED17 32
Not configured 13
14 ED8
Tx
15 +
Glass O.F.
Synchronization 16 - IRIG-B Port COM1 Rx Plastic O.F.
Rear
OPTIONAL
Rx 2
Tx 3
Port COM1
Rx 2 DTR 4 RS232
Tx 3 RS232 0V 5
0V 5 Front Port COM2 RTS 7
Rear
1
+
2
3 RS485
-
4
GND 5
Figure 1.13. ib, ic models with polarization by 67N current (V0 calculated, cod. I* **1*****11)
24 IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16

ekor.rps
A
B
C
Power supply Vdc
- +
XFA
3 2 1
X3 X2
11 1

12
DC/DC SD1 2
52 13
3
14
T7 (VB) SD2 Close
4
A B C
5
15
16
6
7
17
SD4 Neutral trip
18
T9 (VSYNC) 8
SD5 Not configured

OPTIONAL 9
SD6 10
Not configured
11
12
SD7
13
HW status
X2
14
SD8 15
16
SD9
17
18
X3 SD10 19
20
1
2
T1 (IA) SD11
21
3
T2 (IB) SD12
4 OPTIONAL 22
5
6
T3 (IC) SD13 23
24
7 25
8
T4 (V0) SD14
26
9
T5 (I0)
10 (polarization)
X1
17
ED9 18
19
X1 ED10 20
1 21
A B C 3 23
Close command 4 ED2
ED12 24
5 25
Open command 6 ED3
ED13 26
7
27
ED14 28
9
29
ED15
Not configured 11
30
ED6
ED16
12
Not configured
ED7 31
ED17 32
Not configured 13
14 ED8
Tx
15 +
Glass O.F.
Synchronization Port COM1
16 - IRIG-B
Rx Plastic O.F.
Rear
OPTIONAL
Rx 2
Tx 3
Rx 2
Port COM1 DTR 4 RS232
Tx 3 RS232 0V 5
Port COM2
0V 5 Front RTS 7
Rear
1
+
2
3 RS485
-
4
GND 5
Figure 1.14. ib, ic models with polarization by 67N current (Ir calculated, cod. I* **1*****12)
IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 25

ekor.rps
Special Models
Some special models only have its functionality as special.

For example, the wiring diagram of E1 type models is the
same as that of NC family.
A
B
C
Power supply Vdc
- +
XFA
3 2 1
X3 X2
11 1

12
DC/DC SD1 2
52 13
3
14
T7 (VB) SD2 Close
4
A B C
5
15
16
6
7
SD4 Neutral trip

8
SD5 Not configured

X3 9
1 SD6 10
Not configured
2
T1 (IA) 11
12
SD7
13
HW status
3
4
T2 (IB)
5
X2
6
T3 (IC) 14
SD8 15
7
8
T4 (IN) 16
SD9
9 17
10
SD10 19
20
SD11
21
SD12
X1
OPTIONAL
22
1
A B C 52 status 2 ED1
SD13 23
3
24
Close command 4 ED2
25
SD14
5 26
Open command 6 ED3
7
9 X1
17
11 ED9 18
Not configured
ED6
19
12
Not configured ED10 20
ED7
21
Not configured 13 ED11 22
14 ED8
23
ED12 24
15 +
25
ED13 26
27
ED14 28
29
ED15
30
ED16
31
ED17 32
Tx
Glass O.F.
Rx 2
Port 1A Port 1B
Rx Plastic O.F.
Tx 3 RS232 Rear
0V 5 Front OPTIONAL
Rx 2
Tx 3
DTR 4 RS232
Port 2 0V 5
Rear RTS 7
Glass O.F.
1
+
2
3 RS485
-
4
GND 5
Figure 1.15. EH3030/EH8030 model (special type E1)
26 IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16

ekor.rps
Sometimes, the units can be used with wiring different to

those indicated. Examples:
A B C
Power supply Vdc

- +
52 XFA
3 2 1
X3 X2
A B C
11 1
General trip
DC/DC
T6 (VA)
12 SD1 2
3
13
14
T7 (VB) SD2
4
Close
5
15
16
T8 (VC)
SD3 6
Phase trip
7
SD4 Neutral trip

8
SD5 Not configured

17
T9 (V0) 9
18
SD6 10
Not configured
11
12
SD7
13
HW status
X2
14
SD8 15
X3 16
1
SD9
17
T1 (IA) 18
2
SD10 19
3
T2 (IB) 20
4
SD11
5
T3 (IC) 21
6
SD12
OPTIONAL
7
T4 (IN) 22
8
SD13 23
9
T5 (INS) 24
10
25
SD14
26
X1 X1
1 17
3 19
Close command 4 ED2 ED10 20
5 21
Open command 6 ED3 ED11 22
7 23
ED12
9 25
ED13 26
11
Not configured ED6
27
ED14 28
12
Not configured 29
ED7
ED15
Not configured 13
14 ED8 30
ED16
31
15 + ED17 32
Tx
Glass O.F.
Rx 2 Port COM1
Port COM2 Rx Plastic O.F.
Tx 3 RS232
0V 5
Front Rear
Rx 2
Tx 3
DTR 4 RS232
Port COM1 0V 5
Rear RTS 7
OPTIONAL
1
+
2
3 RS485
-
4
GND 5
Figure 1.16. EH3018 model (special type E2)
IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 27

ekor.rps
Power supply Vdc

- +
XFA
3 2 1
X3 X2
11 1
General trip
DC/DC
T6
12 SD1 2
52 13
3
14
T7 SD2
4
Close
A B C
5
15
16
T8
SD3 6
Phase trip
7
17
18
T9 SD4 Neutral trip
8
SD5 Instantaneous trip

9
SD6 10
Unbalance trip
11
12
SD7
13
HW status
X3
1
T1
2
3
T2
4
5
T3
6
7
T4
Trip 8
direction
9
T5
10
X1
1
52 status 2 ED1
3
Trip coil 52 close supervision 4 ED2
5
Trip coil 52 open supervision 6 ED3
7
Close coil 52 close supervision 8 ED4
9
Close coil 52 open supervision 10 ED5
11
Not configured ED6
12
Not configured
ED7
Not configured 13
14 ED8
15 +
Port 2
Rx 2
Port 1 TTL level
Tx 3 RS232
Internal communication
0V 5 Front
with TCP’s CPU
28 IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16

ekor.rps
A
B
C
Power supply Vdc
- +
XFA
3 2 1
X3 X2
11 1
T6 (TA) General trip

12
DC/DC SD1 2
52 13
3
14
T7 (TB) SD2 Close
4
A B C
5
15
16
T8 (TC) SD3
Phase trip
6
7
17 SD4 Neutral trip

OPTIONAL 18
T9 (SYN) 8
SD5 Sensitive neutral trip

X3 9
1 SD6 10
Not configured
2
T1 (IA) 11
12
SD7 HW status
13
3
4
T2 (IB)
X2
5
6
T3 (IC) 14
SD8 15
7
8
T4 (IN) 16
SD9
9 17
10
SD10
19
SD11 20
21
22
X1 SD12
OPTION 2
23
1
A BC 52 status 2 ED1
24
25
SD13
3 26
Close command 4 ED2
5
Open command 6 ED3
7
9 X1
11 ED9 18
Not configured ED6
19
ED7
21
14 ED8
23
ED12 24
15 + 25
ED13 26
27
28
SA1 29
30
SA2 31
32
Rx 2 Port COM1
Tx 3 RS232
0V 5 Front Port COM2 Tx
Rear
Glass O.F. Rx
IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 29

ekor.rps
The terminal numbers indicated in the previous wiring Connections of the analogue inputs in models with
diagrams is for units with pin type terminals. If the units closed type terminals:
have closed type terminals, the only difference lies on those
terminals corresponding to T6 and T9 transformers, because
VA, VB and VC measurement transformers, have a common X3
point (that is, compound voltages cannot be connected 1
with closed type terminals, but only single voltages can.. T1 (IA)
2
3
T2 (IB)
4
5
T3 (IC)
6
7
T4 (IN)
8
9
T5 (V or I ac. to model)
10
11
T6 (TA)
12
T7 (TB)
13
T8 (TC)
14
15
T9 (V or I ac. to model)
16
Figure 1.19. Connections of the analogue inputs
30 IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16

ekor.rps
Connection of the extension cards (optional)
X2 X2
14 14
SD8 15 SD8 15
16 16
SD9 SD9
17 17
18 18
SD10 19 SD10
20 19
SD11 SD11 20
21
21
22
OPTION 2
SD12 SD12
OPTION 1
23
22
24
SD13 23 25
SD13
26
24
25
SD14
26
X1 X1
17 17
18 ED9 18
ED9
19 19
20 ED10 20
ED10
21
21
ED11 22
ED11 22
23
23
ED12 24
ED12 24
25
25
ED13 26
ED13 26
27
27
ED14 28 28
29 SA1 29
ED15
30 30
ED16 SA2 31
31
ED17 32 32
Figure 1.20. 9 digital inputs (DI) + 7 digital outputs (DO) Figure 1.21. 5 DI + 6 DO + 2 analog outputs (AO)
IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 31

32
Port 1 - 1
Lowpass Programmable
General description
RS232
Filters amplifiers
Figure 1.22. Blocks diagramm

Port 1 - 2
IA FOC/RS232
(optional)
Port 1 - 2
FOC/RS485
I (RS232)
B
I (statics) (dinamic) Display

C
uP LCD
Clock FLASH RAM RAM

2 MB 2 MB 8 MB
IN Keyboard
Communic. Push–butt.
DSP SPI
I NS LEDs
Address/data bus
(optional)
PLD
Relays
V outputs
A
Digital
inputs
V
B
IRIG-B
IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16

input
V
C
V
SYNC
(optional)
Wavemakers
ekor.rps
General instructions
General instructions Hardware
ekor.rps
2. Hardware
2.1. Constructive characteristics. Horizontal box (ekor.rps-h)
Figure 2.1. Unit’s external dimensions [mm]
Figure 2.2. Panel cut-off in mm
IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 33

Hardware General instructions
ekor.rps
2.2. Constructive characteristics (ekor.rps-tcp)
Figure 2.3. Unit’s external dimensions [mm]
Figure 2.4. Panel cut-off in mm
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2.3. Rear terminals
Figure 2.5. Standard (all for pin type terminals)
Figure 2.6. Option with closed type terminals for analog inputs
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2.4. Options for rear communications ports
OF (glass or plastic) RS-485 RS-232
Figure 2.7. Single port
OF + OF RS-485+RS-232 RS-232+RS-232 OF+RS232 Ethernet OF + OF
Figure 2.8. Double port
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Ethernet RJ45+ OF Eth.RJ45+RS232 Eth.RJ45+RS485
Figure 2.9. Ethernet
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ekor.rps
2.5. RS485 connection detail between some units
Although there is an internal connection in the unit figure, a unit can be removed without causing a loss in the
between 1 and 2 pin and between pin number 3 and 4, if chain continuity.
a connection is done on the bus side, as it is shown in the
4
2 2
2
1 5 7
3
2
7
6
2
3
7
1 Computer
2 Screen
3 Network end R 120 Ohms
4 DB9 Female type rear connector (in the unit)
5 Screened twisted pair
6 Last unit
7 ekor.rps unit
8 Rest of DB9 connector terminals without inner connection
Figure 2.10. RS485 connection
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2.6. Connection between fiber optic and a radio modem
The contact of the ekor.rps protection is made by

programming a digital output such as “RTS control”.
1 2 3
1 ekor.rps
2 FO/RS232 converter
3 Radio
4 RTS (contact)
5 + 12 Vdc (aprox)
Figure 2.11. Connection between fiber optic
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ekor.rps
2.7. Ethernet communication
2.7.1. Ethernet via GOF
The optic channels characteristics are the following: 12. The maximum transmission distance is calculated as
follows:
1. Baud rate: 100 Mb
PP − PC − ME
2. Connector: ST l=
∆
3. Optical transmitter: LED
4. Optical receiver: PIN photodiode where: PP = Losses in the link
PC = Additional connection insertion losses
5. Optical output: Non-modulated ME = Aging margin should be 3 db
6. Wave length: Glass λc = 820 mm Δ = Cable attenuations in db/Km
7. Plastic λc = 660 mm 13. Maximum distance that can be reached:
8. BER: δ10-9 In the worst In the best
9. Glass optic fiber multimode: 62.5/125 μm possible possible
10. Temperature range values from – 20 °C to + 85 °C conditions conditions
Cristal 62,5/125 μm 1.25 km 4 km
11. Losses according to the type of fiber
Table 2.3. Maximum distance that can be reached
Maximum
Connection
losses Losses km
losses
allowed
Glass
8 db 4 db 0.5 db
62.5/125 μm
Table 2.2. Pérdidas según el tipo de fibra
2.7.2. Ethernet via RJ45 cable
1. Interface per 600 ohms impedance transformer 4. Communication speed: 10/100 Mb

2. Insulation 500 V 5. Cable type: Screened
3. RJ45 connector (female) 6. Cable length: 100 m maximum
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2.8. Technical characteristics
2.8.1. Power Supply
1. Models with 24 – 48 Vdc 3. Consumption: 8 W minimum

a. Operating range: 18 up to 60 Vdc 18 W maximum
2. Models with 125 – 220 Vdc
a. Operating range: 86 up to 280 Vdc
2.8.2. Output Contacts
Relays 1 to 6 and 8 to 13: Relays 7 to 14:
1. Carry: + 5 A up to + 25 °C 1. Carry: + 5 A up to + 25 °C
2. Make (0.5 s): 30 A 2. Make (0.5 s): 30 A
3. Breaking capacity (resistive load) 3. Breaking capacity ( resistive load)
a. for 220 Vdc: 0.4 A a. for 220 Vdc: 0.15 A
b. for 125 Vdc: 1 A b. for 125 Vdc: 0.4 A
c. for 48 Vdc: 3 A c. for 48 Vdc: 2 A
4. Breaking capacity (L/R = 40 ms) 4. Breaking capacity (L/R = 40 ms)
a. for 220 Vdc: 0.2 A a. for 125 Vdc: 0.25 A
b. for 125 Vdc: 0.3 A b. for 48 Vdc: 0.5 A
c. for 48 Vdc: 0.5 A
2.8.3. Digital inputs (optoisolated)
1. Extended range: 2. Restricted range:

High: operating range 86 up to 280 Vdc (inactive below 60 Vdc) 24 Vdc: Operating range 18 up to 34 Vdc (inactive below 15 Vdc)
Low: operating range 18 up to 160 Vdc (inactive below 13 Vdc) 48 Vdc: Operating range 36 up to 60 Vdc (inactive below 26 Vdc)
Consumption: <3 mA 125 Vdc: Operating range 85 up to 150 Vdc (inactive below 60 Vdc)
They are single-directionals. In the interconnection diagrams 220 Vdc: Operating range 65 up to 264 Vdc (inactive below 110 Vdc)
they are presented as follows:
Consumption: ≤3 mA
They are two-directionals (they do not have polarity)
Figure 2.12. Interconnection diagrams
And the corresponding polarity is:
Figure 2.13. Polarity
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2.8.4. IRIG-B input
Demodulated input, TTL level Isolation: 500 V

Type of cable: 2 shielded twisted wires Connections:
1 IRIG-B generator
2 Screen
3 Twisted and shielded pair
4 ekor.rps unit
Figure 2.14. IRIG-B input
The input circuit is a 390 Ω serial resistance with an The number of units that can be connected in parallel to
optoacoplator; for a 5 V signal, the approximate consumption a generator depends on its capacity of supplying output
is 10 mA. current; a typical value could be 70 mA, so 6 units could be
connected, (although the length and the type of wire can
also influence). The wire must be shielded and twisted.
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2.8.5. Analog outputs
1. Range: 0 to 5 mA 3. Maximum charge: 1200 Ω

2. Accuracy: ± 1 % full scale 4. Insulation: 1 kV
2.8.6. Phase and neutral current circuits (standard rating 1 A)
1. Phases full scale: 40 A 3. Thermal capacity:

2. Neutral full scale: 20 A a. Continuous: 20 A
b. Short duration: 500 A (1 s)
4. Consumption Ir = 1 A: <0.02 VA
2.8.7. Sensitive neutral or isolated neutral current circuits (standard rating 0.025 A)
1. Full scale: 1 A a. Continuous: 3 A

2. Thermal capacity: b. Short duration: 60 A (1 s)
3. Consumption a Ir = 0.025 A: <0.015 VA
2.8.8. Phase and neutral current circuits (specified rating 1/5 A)
1. Thermal capacity: 2. Consumption Ir = 5 A: <0.2 VA

a. Continuous: 20 A 3. Consumption Ir = 1 A: 0.02 VA
b. For 1 second: 500 A
c. For ½ cycle: 1,250 A
2.8.9. Sensitive neutral or isolated neutral current circuits (specified rating 0.25/0.025 A)
1. Thermal capacity 2. Consumption Ir = 0.025 A: 0.015 VA

a. Continuous: 20 A
b. For 1 second: 500 A (1 s)
2.8.10. Voltage circuits
1. Thermal capacity ekor.rps units preferably have standard

a. Continuous: 2 Ur rating current circuits. As an option and
b. For 1 second: 5 Ur when confirmed by Ormazabal’s technical–
For 1 minute: 3.5 Ur commercial department, specified rating
c. Consumption for 63.5 V: 0.015 VA current circuits are available.
d. Consumption for 100 V: <0.03 VA
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ekor.rps
2.8.11. Measurements accuracy
1. Current 2. Voltage
Measurement range: (0 a 1.2*Ir) Accuracy: 0.5 % of the rated voltage Ur up to 1.2*Vr
For Ir = 1: Class 1 (1 % of Ir) 3. Phase difference angles
For Ir = 5: Class 0,5 (0,5 % of Ir) Accuracy: ± 1°
Protection Range: (0.1 to 200 A) 4. Active power

1 % of the real value for I> 1 A Measurement range: (0 to 1.2*Ir*1.2*Vr)
3 % of the real value for I< 1 A For Ir = 1: Class 1 (1 % of Pr)
(In areas where the measurement range and the protection For Ir = 5: Class 0.5 (0.5 % of Pr)
range overlap, the accuracy is the best one out of both of them).
2.9. Operating frequency
Rated: 50 or 60 Hz (programmable)
Operating range: Fr ± 5 Hz
2.10. Phase order
ABC or CBA (programmable).
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General instructions Unit configuration
ekor.rps
3. Unit configuration
The settings that are defined next configure the unit, for All of them are of single table (table 0). By keyboard/display
what they are basic. you access the programming of the table 0 through the
menu “change settings” by means of the keys ↑↑↓↓.
Some are only accessible by keyboard/display; others they
are also accessible by console.
3.1. Programming of digital inputs and logic inputs
In the unit there are two different types of inputs: The 13. Set local command/remote.
digital inputs (physical, wired in the field) or logical inputs 14. Close circuit supervision 1 with 52 open.
(internal). Each function of possible input (for example
15. Close circuit supervision 1 with 52 close.
“breaker state”) is only programmed as digital or logical, but
never as both at the same time. 16. Trip circuit supervision 1 with 52 open.
17. Trip circuit supervision 1 with 52 close.
The programming of digital inputs is as follows:
18. Close circuit supervision 2 with 52 open.
By console, it is carried out on the screen “digital inputs 19. Close circuit supervision 2 with 52 close.
configuration”, in the upper square of the two located on 20. Trip circuit supervision 2 with 52 open.
the right.
21. Trip circuit supervision 2 with 52 close.
By keyboard/display: 22. Local reposition. It turns off the tripping LEDs and
PROG. TABLE 0 - P
ROG.CONFIGUR – CONFIG. INPUTS deactivates the relays programmed as “memorized”; it
SELECT. N0/NC is equal to fault recognition for keyboard/display.
INPUTS ACTIV.T 23. df/dt breaker (level 1 to level 4). Option for 81 R function.
Config inputs allows programming a digital input among 24. Teleprotection reception (for 85 function).
the following possibilities: 25. Guard signal loss (for 85 function).
1. Breaker status. 26. Zone 3 address reverse (for 85 function).
2. Reference voltage (for the recloser). 27. 79/50BF. External protection A, B, C. They cause
reclosure (depending on the enables) and they activate
3. External protection (79/50 BF). It causes reclosure
the respective breaker failure functions (single-phase).
(depending on the enables) and activates the breaker
failure function (three-phase). 28. Slack springs. For the corresponding automation.
4. Close command. It activates the closure relay. 29. Fuse failure. It activates the function with the same name.
5. Open command. Activates the general trip. 30. Thermal image reposition. It resets the thermal image
temperature.
6. Instantaneous inhibition. If it is active, the overcurrent
instantaneous does not trip, but they count the time 31. 67 NS Isen (φ) or Icos (φ). It allows using any algorithm,
passed since their picking up. So, when de input is regardless the setting in the neutral directional.
deactivated and the additional programmed time is 32. 67 NS Isen (φ) or Icos (φ). It allows using any algorithm,
elapsed, they trip instantaneously. regardless the setting in the sensitive neutral directional.
7. Set table 1. If a pulse is received, sets settings table 1 as 33. Close locking, it locks all the close commands, recloser,
the active table. push-button, command, and digital input.
8. Set table 2. If a pulse is received, sets settings table 2 as 34. Relay locking; while it is active, it sets the relay out of
the active table. service.
9. Set table 3. If a pulse is received, sets settings table 3 as 35. Recloser blocking. If it is active, the recloser is blocked
the active table. and it does not allow its unblocking by communications.
10. Set table 4. If a pulse is received, sets settings table 4 as 36. Not allocated. The input can be used by the protection
the active table. for lockout or logical, or not be used, anyway its state
11. Set table 5. If a pulse is received, sets settings table 5 as can be transmitted to control.
the active table. It should not be programmed more than an input with a
12. Set table 6. If a pulse is received, sets settings table 6 as certain function.
the active table.
IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 45

Unit configuration General instructions
ekor.rps
Select. NO/NC. It defines if the input must be interpreted A logical input is a virtual (not physical), the state of which
like active when it is viewed closed or when it is viewed depends on the state of the corresponding logical input
open. If it is defined as NO, when the input is open the sign (input 1 corresponds to signal 1, input 15 to signal 15).
is 0 and when it is closed 1 (for logic inputs). If it is defined Its function is the one that has been programmed (the
as NC, when the input is open the sign is 1 and when it is programming possibilities are the same as for the digital
closed 0 (for logic inputs). inputs).
For example, for the status of the circuit breaker, if we use a This procedure allows the assignation of the relay internal
contact 52 a we should program the corresponding input as signals to those inputs as if they were wired field signals. Up
NO (when it closes it indicates closed circuit breaker), while to 15 logical inputs are permitted (there are only 15 logical
if we use a 52 b we should program it as NC (when it opens signals).
it indicates closed circuit breaker).
NO/NC selection, input active when the logic is active or
T.activ.inputs (time of activation of inputs). It is a software inactive.
filter for the activation/deactivation of digital inputs. The
HW filters is of 1 ms, and it can be extended by Software Delay is not applied to the activation.
in the number of programmed milliseconds (range 0 to Example: If programming logical input 3 as “breaker status”
20 ms). and NO, the unit will consider that the breaker will be closed
The programming of logical inputs is as follows: when logical input 3 is active.
By console, it is carried out on the screen “digital inputs A certain function must be only programmed as one
configuration”, in the lower square of the two located on input. It is not possible, for example, programming “breaker
the right. state” as digital input and as logical input.
By keyboard/display:
PROG. TABLE 0 - PROG.CONFIG – CONFIG. INPUTS – LOGICAL
INPUTS SELECT. N0/NC
3.2. Programming of digital outputs
By console it is carried out in the screen “Digital outputs keyboard/display (“recognize fault”). If the type is “nothing”
configuration” it does not do anything special.
By keyboard/display: The time of activation of outputs defines the minimum

PROG. TABLE 0 - PROG.CONFIG – PROG. OUTPUTS time of operation of each physical output once it has been
OUTPUT ACTIV. T activated (in seconds). The range is 0.05 to 5 s. It appears in
the last line of the screen.
The functionality of each digital output can be programmed
like an OR of the logical signals available in this unit (see By keyboard/display is more complicated. In PROG.SALIDAS,
point “List of available signals”, Appendix III). we find for each one of them with “ASIGN SIGNALS”, with the
following possibilities.
In the programming through console (recommended), for
each digital output it is clicked with the mouse in the cells No signal (the output remains without assigning, but it can
corresponding to the signs whose OR wants to be activated be activated by control commands).
by the output (dot-matrix programming).
Same signals (it is not wished to change the current
In the programming screen, at the beginning of the list of programming).
available signals, a line appears with the title “OUTPUT TYPE”
Other signals (it is wished to change the current
which defines for each digital output if it is of the type “trip”,
programming). When pushing “↵” (Intro), it is gone through
“close” “memorized” or “nothing”. If it is of the type “trip” the
the logical signals with the arrow ↓; when we arrive to a
output carries out the sealing logic (if the sealing setting
signal that we want to use in the OR that defines the output
is set to YES) and that of opening failure. If it is of the type
we press “R”; when we finish with the signals, we pulse “↵”,
“close” the output carries out the sealing logic (if the sealing
which takes us to the programming of the output type, with
setting is set to YES) and that of close failure. If the type is
the possibilities already indicated.
“memorized”, once activated it is deactivated digital input
actuation programmed as “local reposition” command or
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3.3. Programming of LEDs
Through console, it is carried out in the screen “LEDs The proceedings are totally analogous to the programming
programming”. of digital outputs, except that the activation time is not
programmed and that the possible types are “memorized”
By keyboard/display: and “non memorized”. The non memorized turns off
PROG. TABLE 0 - PROG.CONFIG–PROG. LEDs. when the cause for turning on disappears; to turn off the
memorized a “fault acknowledgement” must be done either
by keyboard/display, digital input or command.
3.4. Programming of general settings
3.4.1. General description
Relay in service: it has to be at Yes in order to have the On the same console screen, and by keyboard/display on
protection fully operative. If it is at NO the protection FACTOR CORRECTION (at the same level as PROG.CHART 0)
responds to the communications and the keyboard/ can be found the following settings:
display in order to be put in service; besides it activates the
relay and/or LED programmed as “relay out of service”, by “Constant active energy (kWh)”: the number programmed
deactivating all the rest. here is the impulse factor of active energy; this means the
kWh number for which the counter is increased in one unit.
Breaker number: it is an identifying text. It can be
programmed as alphanumerical by communications, but “Constant reactive energy (kWARh)”: the number
by keyboard only as numerical. programmed here is the impulse factor of reactive energy;
this means the kVARh number for which the counter is
Event mask: in the “events report” section a list is given increased in one unit.
with the ones related to the protection. Most of them can
be masked, from the PC. They can not be masked from the “Power correction factor”: is a correction factor of the scale
keyboard. range for measurements of active and reactive power given
to control (it does not affect to data given by display). It is,
To register an event type the mask has to be set to “NO”. in per unit values, the scale range in which measurements
are given related to the corresponding power to 1.2 Ir
Transformation ratios: used by the protection only to give and 1.2 Vr. It means that if the range required is “POWER
measurements referred to the primary. BACKGROUND”, the power correction factor is:
Nominal voltage: it is the nominal single-phase voltage. It is “POWER BACKGROUND”
used by the protection to give measurements in PROCOME POWER SCALE =
format (the scale range of the voltage measurements is 1.2 3 * 1.2 I r * 1.2 V r
times the nominal voltage).
Example 1. Ir = 5 A, Vr = 63.5 V (110/√3 V)
Type of voltage: it indicates if the voltage signals connected If it is required that the power full scale should be the power
to the unit are “simple” (phase-earth) or “compound” (phase- corresponding to 6 A (1.2 * 5 V) and 76.2 V (1.2 * 63.5)
phase). In the case of units with closed terminals only the
Power full scale = 3 * 6 * 76.2
single ones can be applied.
Power scale = 1
Voltage measurement: it indicates over which voltages
the voltage protections must be applied.
Example 2. Ir = 5 A, Vr = 63.5 V (110/√3 V)
These settings are located in the console on the screen
It is required a power full scale of 1000 W
“general settings and remote port configuration”, and in the
keyboard/display on “PROG.TABLE 0”–“GENERALS” (through Power full scale = 1,000
keyboard, the settings of voltage type and measurement Power scale = 1,000/(3 * 1.2 *5 *1.2 * 63.5) = 0.729
are both under the title “voltage input”).
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ekor.rps
The following setting is only available via the keypad/ 3*Vr*1.2*6.

display in IRIG-B format (at the same level as PROG.TABLE 0): 5. [Q (reactive power)], secondary absolute value Q. Full
scale 3*Vr*1.2*6.
“IRIG-B format”: determines if the year in the IRIG
synchronization is taken into account or not. The options 6. [S (apparent power)], secondary absolute value S. Full
are: “B002” (which does note take the year into account) and scale 3*Vr*1.2*6.
“B002 IEEE 1344” (which takes the year into account). 7. [Cos A], phase A power factor absolute value. Full scale 1.
8. [Cos B], phase B power factor absolute value. Full scale 1.
“Analog output”: the equipment has two analog outputs,
which provide one output in milliamperes proportional to 9. [Cos C], phase C power factor absolute value. Full scale 1.
the measured value; they can be programmed (only with a 10. [Average cos], average power factor absolute value. Full
console) as follows: scale 1.
11. Fault distance, given in the feeder’s total length
1. Imaximum, secondary current maximeter. Full scale 6 A.
percentage.
2. Va, Vb, Vac, U average compound U, secondary compound
The operation of the analog output used for the fault
voltages. Full scale √3*Vr*1.2.
distance is explained in the “presentation of results” section
3. In, Ia, Ib, Ic, Iaverage, secondary currents. Full scale 6 A. in the “fault locator” chapter.
4. [P (active power)], secondary absolute value P. Full scale
3.4.2. Setting ranges (table 0, single)
Setting Min Max Step Notes

Relay in service YES/NO
Breaker number 5 alphanumeric char.
Events mask See “Events”
Phase curr. turn. ratio 1 3,000 1
Neutral cur. turn. ratio 1 3,000 1
Sens. N. cur. turn ratio 1 3,000 1
Voltage turn. ratio 1 9,999 1
Simple rated voltage [V] 40.0 200.0 0.1
Type of voltage Simple/compound
Measurement of voltage Phases in which it is measured
IRIG-B format B002 (without year)/B002 IEEE 1344 (with year)
Analog output 1 See “Analog output”
Analog output 2 See “Analog output”
Active energy [kWh] 1 9,999 1
Reactive energy [kVARh] 1 9,999 1
Power correction factor 0.010 2,000 0.001
Table 3.4. Setting ranges
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3.5. Communication configuration
3.5.1. Communication via front door (Port 1_1) and rear port Nr. 2 (Port 1_2) (COM 1)
The ekor.rps unit has an address identifying number, which If the ekor.rps unit is replaced by another one, the installed
makes possible to identify the messages sent to the unit, unit must have the same address as the removed one.
from the PC, via its front port (or via its rear port in parallel),
with protocol PROCOME. This address is programmable They are also programmable in the unit within the “CONFIG.
from the keyboard/display, entering “CHANGE SETTINGS”, COMUNICAC.”: The baud rate, the parity and the number of
“PROG. TABLE 0”, “CONFIG.COMMUNIC.”, “FRONT PORT”, “UCL stop bits. The units leave the factory at 19 200 baud, even
ADDRESS”. parity, 1 bit of Stop.
The units leave the factory with the address 1. This number The established communications settings can be seen on
is the one used in the engineering program when defining display, entering “SEE SETINGS”, “SEE TABLE 0”, “CONFIG.
the installation. COMMUNIC.», “PORT COM 1”
If, for any reason, this number is changed in engineering, the 115 200 baud rate or higher, they are only used for Firmware
address programming has to be changed, and vice versa. teleload, and not to be used in normal operation.
3.5.2. Communication via rear port Nr. 1 (Port 2) (COM 2)
The protocol type to be used by this port is defined in If a replacement of the ekor.rps unit by other is made,
“CHANGE SETTINGS”, “PROG. TABLE 0”, “CONFIG. COMMUNIC the installed unit must have the same address as the one
"SELEC. COMMU. COM 2". The options are: PROCOME, DNP, removed.
MODBUS, IEC 870-5-101 or IEC 870-5-103.
The unit also has an identification number of the Master unit
to which is connected, and which only accepts messages
PROCOME coming from there. It is also programmable in the unit
within the “CONFIG. DNP”. The units leave the factory with
If the option chosen is PROCOME, in “CHANGE SETTINGS”, the address 0. The baud rate, the parity and the number
“PROG. TABLE 0”, “CONFIG. COMMUNIC.”, “PORT COM2”, a of STOP bits are also programmable. The units leave the
setting group is programmed which is analogous to the one factory at 9600 baud, without parity, 1 STOP bit.
defining the front port (it is not necessary that they have
the same values), but there also exists the setting “CONTROL The established communication settings can be seen on
SIGNALS”, with the options “none” and “RTS. the display, entering “SEE SETTINGS”, “SEE TABLE 0”, CONFIG.
COMMUNICAT.”, “PORT COM 2”, “CONFIG. DNP”.
DNP Apart from the keyboard/display, the settings can also be
displayed/programmed from the PC with the protection
If the option chosen is DNP, the address is programmable console.
from the keyboard/display, entering “CHANGE SETTINGS”,
“PROG. TABLE 0”, “PORT COM 2”, “CONFIG. DNP”, “LCU For more detail on communication DNP, see the
ADDRESS”. This address does not need to be the same corresponding appendix.
as the one of the front port, but it is convenient to avoid
confusions. The units leave the factory with the address and
the rest of DNP parameters without being programmed.
They have to be programmed by the user.
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ekor.rps
MODBUS If the ekor.rps unit is replaced by another one, the installed

unit must have the same address as the one removed.
If the chosen option is MODBUS, the address is programmable
They are also programmable the baud rate, the parity and
the auxiliary timers for activation and deactivation of the RT
“PROG. TABLE 0”, “CONFIG. COMMUNICAC.”, “PORT COM 2”,
signal (internal).
"CONFIG. MODBUS", “UCL ADDRESS". This address does not
need to be the same as the one of the front port, but it is The established communication settings can be seen on
convenient to avoid confusions. The units leave the factory display, entering “SEE SETTINGS”, “SEE TABLE 0”, “CONFIG.
with the address and the rest of the MODBUS parameters COMMUNICAT.”, “PORT COM 2”, "GENERAL"
without been programmed. They have to be programmed
by the user. Apart from the keyboard/display, the settings can also be
displayed/programmed from the PC.
If the ekor.rps unit is replaced by another one, the installed
unit must have the same address as the one removed. For more detail on 101 communication, see the corresponding
appendix.
They are also programmable the baud rate, the parity and
the auxiliary timers for activation and deactivation of the RT This protocol can not be used with RS485 port.
signal (internal).
The established communication settings can be seen on IEC 870-5-103[2]

display, entering “SEE SETTINGS”, “SEE TABLE 0”, “CONFIG.
COMMUNICAT.”, “PORT COM 2”, "CONFIGUR. MODBUS". If the chosen option is 103, the address is programmable
Apart from the keyboard/display, the settings can also be “PROG. TABLE 0”, “CONFIG. COMMUNICAT.”, “PORT COM 2”,
displayed/programmed from the PC with the protection “LCU ADDRESS”. This address does not need to be the same
console. as the one of the front port, but it is convenient to avoid
confusions. The units leave the factory with the address and
For more detail on MODBUS, see the corresponding
the rest of the 103 parameters without been programmed.
appendix.
They have to be programmed by the user.
IEC 870-5-101 If the ekor.rps unit is replaced by another one, the installed
unit must have the same address as the one removed.
If the chosen option is 101, the address is programmable They are also programmable the baud rate, the parity and
from the keyboard/display, entering “CHANGE SETTINGS”, the auxiliary timers for activation and deactivation of the RT
“PROG. TABLE 0”, “CONFIG. COMMUNICAT.”, “PORT COM signal (internal).
2”, "GENERAL”, “LINK ADDRESS” and “APPLICAT ADDRESS”.
This address does not need to be the same as the one of The established communication settings can be seen on
the front port, but it is convenient to avoid confusions. The display, entering “SEE SETTINGS”, “SEE TABLE 0”, “CONFIG.
units leave the factory with the address and the rest of the COMMUNICAT.”, “PORT COM 2”.
101 parameters without been programmed. They have to
be programmed by the user. Apart from the keyboard/display, the settings can also be
displayed/programmed from the PC.
For more detail on 103 communication, see the corresponding

[2]
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3.5.3. Ethernet communication
It is only used in models with an Ethernet port. The signals received from relay 1 and relay 2 arrive at
the control signals “Signal i relay 1” and “Signal i relay 2”,
To configure the Ethernet port, the first parameter to where i goes from 1 to 8. These signals can be treated as
be configured is the one corresponding to the TCP/IP the equipment’s own signals, which means that logics can
communication selection. It is configured from the be made with them, they can be sent to the outputs, etc.
keypad/display, in “CHANGE SETTINGS”, “PROG.TABLE 0”, 3. NO. It does not communicate with the Ethernet
“COMMUNICATIONS”, “SELECT COM TCP/IP”. The parameter port. In this case, the second rear port (if available)
options are: PROCOME, com. Horizontal and No. The operation communicates with the selected protocol, allowing
is as follows: PROCOME.
The other Ethernet port configuration parameters are
1. PROCOME: The Ethernet port communicates with the
configured with the Sipcon console, in the “TCP/IP
PROCOME protocol. In this case, the PROCOME protocol
configuration” menu. These parameters are:
cannot be selected from the other rear port (“COM 2”).
In summary, the Ethernet port communicates with the
PROCOME protocole, whereas the second rear port (if General
available) communicates with the protocol selected,
except with PROCOME. Protection IP address. Indicates the protection IP address
2. Horizontal communication: The Ethernet port (server equipment). It is 32 bits, in decimal numbers
allows communication between several protection separated by dots.
relays, according to their configuration. Each relay can
communicate with another two relays by sending 8 Subnetwork Mask. Determines the part of the IP address
different programmable signals to each one of them. which identifies the network. It is 32 bits, in decimal
These programmable signals can be selected out of any numbers separated by dots. Any IP addresses not meeting
equipment’s signals and receive 8 signals from each of the subnetwork mask, this is with a subnetwork mask part
the relays used for the communication programming. different than “1”, are not considered part of the network
The relay takes the signals as its own. These signals and are not handled. For instance, the mask 255 255 255 000
are “signal i relay 1 or 2” where i goes from 1 to 8. The allows 256 server addresses sharing the first 3 address
necessary parameters to configure the horizontal values.
communication are the following (they can only Gateway. Indicates the IP address of the servers, which are
be accessed with a console, in the “Communication not part of the local network, where the messages are sent.
between relays” screen, within “General”): It is the IP address of the equipment that performs the
a. Protection IP address. Indicates the protection IP address network router functions.
(server equipment). It is 32 bits, in decimal numbers
separated by dots. Nr. connections. Set to 1.
b. Relay 1 IP address (identifier). Indicates the IP address of
protection 1 it wants to communicate with. It is 32 bits,
in decimal numbers separated by dots. If the IP address is
PROCOME
programmed as 0.0.0.0, there is no communication with
relay 1. Master IP address. Indicates the PC address (client equipment).
c. Signals to transmit relay 1. They are the signals to be
sent to relay 1 (the one with the protection IP address Port. Indicates the port the master equipment connects to.
programmed in the previous parameter).
UCL address. It is the protection address to which the
d. Relay 2 IP address (identifier). Indicates the IP address of protocol responds.
protection 2 it wants to communicate with. It is 32 bits,
in decimal numbers separated by dots. If the IP address is
programmed as 0.0.0.0, there is no communication with
relay 2.
e. Signals to transmit relay 2. They are the signals to be
sent to relay 2 (the one with the protection IP address
programmed in the previous parameter).
The operation is as follows: Each relay communicates with
the other two, sending the status of the programmed
signals every 10 ms; if a change in the programmed signals
is detected, it sends the status every 10 ms. If during 40 ms;
no communication is received from relay 1 or 2 an error
signal is generated with the corresponding relay.
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3.6. Other configuration settings
Only accessible by keyboard/display, on “CHANGE

SETTINGS”, “PROG. TABLE 0”, “DEFINE PROTECT.”. They are the
following:
3.6.1. Frequency
It can be 50 Hz or 60 Hz. It is a fundamental protection

setting. If it is not the correct one, the measurements and,
therefore, the protection operation will be wrong.
3.6.2. Language
It can be English or Spanish. It relates to the texts shown

on display.
3.6.3. Phase order
It can be A, B, C or C, B, A. It affects only to the protection check in “measurements” that the ratio of the inverse/direct
functions of broken conductor and unbalance (currents and component is close to 0 %, when introducing 3 balanced
voltages). To verify that the order corresponds to the wiring, currents of about 1 A.
3.6.4. Neutral Parameter
If it is “by transformer” indicates that an input transformer indicates that it must be calculated as a vectorial sum of the
exists to measure the zero sequence voltage; if it is “measured” simple phase to ground voltages.
3.6.5. Calibration
This menu position is exclusively to be used by the

Ormazabal's technical-commercial department, according
to a certain procedure. It should not be used by the user.
3.6.6. Test mode
The test mode is to be used by Ormazabal’s technical–

commercial department exclusively, following a specific
procedure. It must not be used by the user.
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3.6.7. Push-buttons/LEDs enabling and locking by command
Under the title “PUSH-BUTTONS” there are two settings: “ENAB.COMMAND LOC” (Enable blocking/unblocking by
command): If this setting is at “YES”, the programmed
“ENAB. PUSH-BUTTON” (enable push-buttons): If this setting protection function blocking/unblocking control commands
is at “COMMAND”, the front plate command push-buttons are enabled; if it is set at “NO”, they are disabled.
are enabled; if it is set at “NO”, it is as if they did not exist.
If it is at “FUNCTIONALS” both the command push-buttons “R KEY BLOCKING”. If it is set to “YES”, the Leds are not
and the keys can be used to order commands. These push- handled in the program, they are all deactivated except for
buttons are only effective when the equipment is in local Led 8, which turns green.
mode. The equipment starts in remote. To change to local
mode, press “L/R” and “.” if it is in COMMAND and “L/R” if it is There is a setting under “PRESS REMOTE” which allows to
in FUNCTIONALS. The order “local mode” or “remote mode” execute commands via push-buttons if it is set to “YES”,
must be programmed in the command associated to that even in “remote” mode. If it is set to “NO”, it must be in “Local”
push-button (“Command configuration” screen), in the ON mode to execute the commands.
and OFF positions. The equipment changes then to local
mode and the functional push-buttons are enabled.
3.6.8. Power supply supervision enabling
The power supply supervision can be enabled or not. For its

operation, see section “Power supply supervision”.
3.6.9. Power supply enabling
Only in those models with the option “battery voltage enabled or not. See “Power supply supervision” section for
measurement”. The power supply supervision can be its operation.
3.6.10. Display contrast setting
The procedure to follow is the following one: 2. With keys “↑ and ↓“ the contrast is set. With “↑“ more
bright is given and with “↓ “ it is darkened.
1. By pushing key “ ” (in a 16-key keyboard) for 3 to 5
seconds, you can enter the contrast setting menu and In order to validate, push “ESC” or after 1 minute it goes back
there will appear the text “contrast setting. - DOWN + to its normal situation, with the changes already carried out.
UP”.
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Protection functions. Description and settings General instructions
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4. Protection functions. Description and settings
4.1. Phase overcurrent protection
Three-phase overcurrent protection, with the next selectable

characteristics (function 5051):
Timed characteristic Instantaneous characteristic
1. Inverse normal time( I BSC[3] or I ANSI)) 1. Two instantaneous elements

2. Inverse short time(IC BSC) 2. Additional time
3. Inverse long time (IL BSC)
The operation of this protection is coordinated with the
4. Very inverse time (MI BSC or MI ANSI) reclosing function.
5. Extremely inverse time (EI BSC or EI ANSI)
Some protection families have a second directional
6. Very inverse special time (MIEs BSC)
overcurrent function (67, 67N), called HIGH2, which is
7. Moderately inverse time (ANSI) independent from the first one.
8. User curve(USER 1 or USER 2)
9. Definite time
10. Drop out with disc emulation option
4.1.2. Settings ranges of the timed characteristic (6 tables) (normal and HIGH2)

Enable YES/NO/pickup/YES+drop out
Pickup [A] 0.02 40.00 0.01 With standard ratings
0.1 200.0 0.01 With specified ratings
Curve type Definite time
Normal curve, very inverse, extrem. inverse, etc.
User curve
Time index 0.05 1.09 0.01 For IEC curves
0.5 30.0 0.1 For ANSI curves
Definite time [s] 0.0 600.0 0.01
These settings can be found in the console on the screen “overcurrent protection (1)”. PHASES TIME SETTING box.
Table 4.1. Settings ranges of the timed characteristic
They can be modified depending on the voltage, if the unit The pick up current is set in amperes in the secondary.
contains the option 51 V (see “voltage control”).
Working in definite time, the relay trips after the set time,
If the enable setting is set at YES, the function can generate since the starting current has been exceeded, is elapsed,
trips, if it is at NO it is not carried out. If it is at PICK UP, it picks independently from the current value.
up but it doesn’t give tripping signal. If it is at YES+DROP, This
happens by emuling the disc (see below). This is general for
overcurrent functions.
Equivalent to IEC 255-4

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General instructions Protection functions. Description and settings
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Working with curve, the time to trip depends on the the selected curve (family and index) and o the current.
selected curve (family and index) and the current value. If the selected curve is definite time, the pickup will drop
The curves which are normal, very inverse and extremely when the programmed time since it decreases below the
inverse, or user curves can be selected as corresponding pick up current elapses, regardless the current value. (See
to the standard BS142 (IEC 255-4) or ANSI. In appendix II “curves for timed characteristic” in appendix II).
graphics and formulas for calculating the time are given, as
a function of the ratio between the current and the pickup If the enabling is set at "YES" and the current decreases
current. If the ratio is higher than 40, 40 will be taken for below the 95 % of the set value, the trip and the pick up
calculating. drop instantaneously.
It is also possible to program 4 user curves. The maximum error in times, for values higher than 50 ms,
is 30 ms or 5 % of the theoretical value (the higher of the
The unit allows setting the drop time characteristics, two). For the definite time setting of 0 ms, the behavior is
emulating the induction disc of the electromechanical the same as for the instantaneous characteristic (see next
relays and allowing a better coordination of the protection. paragraph).
If the enabling is set at "YES+REDROP" and the current If an unacceptable index value is programmed
decreases below the 95 % of the set value, the trip drops for a type of curve, the unit takes the closest
instantaneously and the pickup drop time will depend on
acceptable value.
4.1.3. Timing cancellation
Through the console screen “timing cancellation” or programmed for every overcurrent timed , so that if the
through keyboard/display (in the CURRENT PROT., in function is activated it is not timed any more and behaves
TIMING CANCELATION) a digital or logical input can be as instantaneous.
4.1.4. Settings ranges of the instantaneous characteristic (low level) (6 tables) (normal and HIGH2)

Enable YES/NO/pick up
Phase instantaneous trip [A] 0.02 40.00 0.01 With standard ratings
Additional time [s] 0.00 60.00 0.01
Special function See “Instantaneous special operation”
These settings can be found in the console on the screen “overcurrent protection (1)”. INSTANT PHASES box
Table 4.2. Settings ranges of the instantaneous characteristic
The trip current is set in secondary amperes. tripping currents, on 30 to 35 ms. If an additional time is
programmed, this is added to the indicated time.
If additional time 0 is programmed, for current values
between the tripping current and 1.5 times that value, With additional times higher than 50 ms the maximum time
it trips between 40 and 50 ms; for 2 times the tripping error is 30 ms or 5 % of the theoretical value (the higher of
current between 35 and 40 ms, and from 3 times the the two).
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4.1.5. Settings ranges of the instantaneous characteristic (high level) (6 tables)

Phase instantaneous trip [A] 0.02 40.00 0.01 With standard ratings
These settings can be found in the console on the screen “instantaneous overcurrent prot. (HIGH1)”. INSTANT PHASES box (HIGH).
The characteristics of the times are the same as in the

previous paragraph.
4.2. Neutral overcurrent protection
In neutral earthed installations, the neutral overcurrent

protection has the same possible characteristics as the
described for phase overcurrent, and independent settings
(function 50N/51N).
4.2.2. Setting ranges of the timed characteristic (6 tables) (normal and HIGH2)

Enable YES/NO/pick up/YES+drop
Pick up [A] 0.010 20,000 0.001 With standard ratings
Normal curve, very inverse, extrem. inverse, etc.
User curve
These settings can be found in the console on the screen “overcurrent protection(1)”. NEUTRAL TIME SETTING box.
Table 4.4. Setting ranges of the timed characteristic
The remarks about curves and accuracy are the same as the
ones quoted for phases.
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4.2.3. Setting range of neutral time inhibition (6 tables)

Limit current [A] 0.1 200.0 0.1
Table 4.5. Setting range of neutral time inhibition
The neutral time inhibition setting allows the inhibition that is, the curve turns into a horizontal line from this value.
of this characteristic from the moment the neutral If you do no want to use it, program the maximum value.
instantaneous characteristic picks up onwards.
This setting is in the “TOC limitations” screen, under the title
The limit current is the one after which it stops following the “neutral TOC limitations”.
curve and it trips in the time the curve gives for this value,
4.2.4. Settings ranges of the instantaneous characteristic (low level) (6 tables) (normal and HIGH2)

Neutral instantaneous time [A] 0.010 20.000 0.001 With standard ratings
Instantaneous additional time [s] 0.00 60.00 0.01
Special operation See “instant. special operation”
Type of neutral (only in HIGH2) Transformer/calculated
These settings can be found in the console on the screen “overcurrent protection (1)”. INSTANT NEUTRAL box.
The trip current is set in secondary amperes.
The remarks about functioning time are the same as the

4.2.5. Settings ranges of the instantaneous characteristic (high level) (6 tables) (normal and HIGH2)

Neutral instantaneous trip [A] 0.010 20,000 0.001 With standard ratings
These settings can be found in the console on the screen “instantaneous overcurrent protection. (HIGH1)”. INSTANT NEUTRAL box (HIGH).
The characteristics of times are the same as the ones

indicated for phases.
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4.3. Instantaneous special operation
The settings corresponding to the phase, neutral and It is enabled at “NO”; the instantaneous is disable under any
sensitive neutral instantaneous (only in the low level), are condition.
extended with the settings below:
If the recloser is out of service, the masks do not have any
Special operation: Options: effect.
NO
Operation (with setting of the function enable at YES):
Enab. after closing (enable ONLY after closing)
Option “NO”. Everything operates as now.
Tim. after closing (timing after closing)
“Enable only after closing” option.
Tim. after reclosing 1 (timing after reclosing 1)
After any closing (manual or automatic), if the corresponding
Special fixed time. It is the instantaneous operation time,
mask in the trip permission screen is at YES, during “Special
during the special operation.
operation time”, the instantaneous operates with the
Special operation time. It is the time during which the additional time “Special fixed time”; outside the special
special operation is maintained. operation time the instantaneous is disabled.
The “Special operation time” is initiated in each closing.

In the trip permission screen there are
independent masks for every instantaneous If the corresponding mask is at NO, the instantaneous is
level. disabled.
The operation described below implies

the setting “enable” be at YES and that the
recloser is “in service” (although it can be
blocked).
Figure 4.1. Instantaneous special operation
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Figure 4.2. Option timing after closing
Option “Timing after closing”. After any closing (manual or fixed time” instead of using the normal “additional time. This
automatic), if the corresponding mask in the trip permission time can be 0, in order to act as a true instantaneous.
screen is at YES, during “Special Operation Time”, the
instantaneous operates with the additional time “special If the corresponding mask is at NO, the instantaneous is
disabled.
Figure 4.3. Option timing after reclosing
Option “Timing after reclosing 1”. After the first reclosing, if If the corresponding mask is at “NO”, the instantaneous is
the corresponding in the trip permission screen is at YES, disabled.
during “special operation time”, the instantaneous operates
with the additional time “Special Fixed Time” instead of In other closings, different to the first reclosing, the unit
using the normal “additional time. operates as it does now, that is, it depends on the masks
and when it is enabled, it is with the normal additional time.
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4.4. 2nd harmonic restraint
It locks the first level of the units 51, 50, 51N, 50N and 46 In order to deactivate the locking, the following conditions
(time and instantaneous unbalance). For 50/51 units, must be fulfilled:
restraint is available for a single phase or for all phases.
1. This phase is below the 95 % of the minimum current.
If it is programmed as restraint of the phase itself: 2. This phase is below the 95 % of the restraint percentage
threshold.
In order to activate the locking, the following must be given
at least in this phase and simultaneously: In this case it is the same for neutral.
1. The fundamental current must be higher than the If it is programmed as “restraint for all phases” it is enough
minimum value for inrush. with the conditions of one phase in order to lock the rest.
2. The ratio between the 2nd harmonic value and the
fundamental one must exceed the threshold set. If the conditions are given in one phase or in neutral, it is
enough to lock the unbalance functions.
3. The 2nd harmonic must be higher than 10 mA with
standard ratings, or higher than 50 mA with specified The settings (6 tables) are those below:
ratings.

2nd harmonic restraint enable NO
Restraint for phase
Restraint for all phases
Neutral enable NO
YES
2nd harmonic threshold [%] 5 100 1
Phase minimum threshold [A] 0.1 200 0.01
Neutral minimum threshold [A] 0.1 200 0.01
The settings are located in the console in the “2 harmonic restraint” and “manual closing protection blocking” screens.
nd
Table 4.8. Settings
4.5. Protection functions blocking with manual closing
This function is an OR of a function that controls the module

This function is only available in the EH3211
and another one that controls the argument of the positive
model. and negative sequences.
A “BLOQ. FUN. PROT. CM” signal is generated, which allows The conditions to activate the blocking signal are as follows:
to block any unit by means of logics.
1. I2 > k*I1, where k can be set
This function is only active when the equipment is in manual 2. Ang (I2) – Ang (I1) > Adj. Angle, where Adj. Angle can
mode. The equipment is considered to be in manual mode be set
when the recloser is blocked by command, input, R key or
by setting. If the equipment is not provided with a recloser, Each condition has its own activation. If they are both
this function is always active. enabled the output is an OR of both of them. If the reverse
and direct sequences are less than 0.15 A the function’s
output is zero and in this situation it is not possible to block
any functions.
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The settings (6 tables) are:

Module enable NO
YES
K module constant 0 10 0.01
Angle enable NO
YES
Angle 0 359 1
The settings are located in the console in the “2 harmonic restraint” and “manual closing protection blocking” screens.
nd
Table 4.9. Settings
4.6. Directionality of the phase and neutral overcurrent protections
Depending on model, the described protection functions both parameters).

can be directional.
Neutral directional type. It can be programmed as “angular
In that case, each of the functions (timed, low instantaneous, criteria”, “Icos phi”, “Isen phi” or “watimetric”.
high instantaneous) has an additional setting, “torque
control”, if it is FOWARD or REVERSE, it indicates that Neutral direction criteria. It is applied in the neutral directional
the function must act as directional (in one direction function when it is polarized by voltage. The possibilities
or in the other one) and if it is set as NO it must act as are: S0 (zero voltage polarization), S- (polarization by
NON DIRECTIONAL. negative voltage sequence), or S0 + S- (polarization by both
parameters).
For the neutral directional there are 4 directional types: The
angular, the watimetric, the I*cos (j) and the I*sen (j). If several polarization criteria combinations are used, the
fault will be decided to be forwards if some of the criteria
Watimetric directional and the cosen type directional are show it is forwards.
practically equal, with the only exception that one is set to
W and the other one to A. Neutral angle (degrees). Programmable from 0 to 360°. It is
applied in the neutral directional function (67N) in case the
Even when the torque control set at YES S0 neutral direction criterion has been chosen.
(FOWARD or REVERSE), the directionality Minimum active power. It is used for watimetric directional.
can be blocked (make it operate as non- Setting range from 0 to 2000 W in steps of 1 W.
directional) by PROCOME command or
by digital or logic input (if it has been P = Vr*Ir*cos (j-jc) j = Ángulo entre Vr e Ir.
programmed in the “Locking (I)” screen in If the power is higher than this value in negative it is
the “directional” position. considered to be forward fault. If it is higher than this value
in positive value it is backwards fault.
The settings corresponding to the directionality criteria
are on the screen “overcurrent protection screen (3)”. The Minimum current. It is used for I*cos (j) and I*sen (j) directional.
possibilities are related next and afterwards the functions
Setting range from 0.1 to 200 A in steps of 0.01 A.
operation is described.
Iminimum = Ir*cos (j-jc) j = angle between Vr and Ir.
Phase direction criteria. It is applied in the phase directional
If the I minimum is higher than this value in negative it is
function (67). Next are the possibilities: “Quadrature” and
considered to be forward fault. If it is higher than this value
“sequences”.
in positive value it is backwards fault.
Phase angle (degrees). Programmable from 0 to 360°. It is
Polarization voltage. It is the minimum value of the
applied in the phase directional function (67) and in the
polarization voltage, below which it is considered that the
neutral directional function (67N) in case the S- neutral
direction is not known with certainty.
direction criterion has been chosen.
Vr minimum threshold. In order to allow the pick up of the
Neutral polarization. This setting is only for models that have
neutral directional unit, a Vr minimum threshold must be
the possibility to polarize the neutral direction by current.
exceeded.
In this case, the possibilities are V (polarization by voltage
only), I (polarization by current only) or V+I (polarization by
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Trip permission without Vpol (Directional Locking on the to be added 5° at each side to obtain the locking zone. In
display). If it is set as YES allows the overcurrent trip if the this zone the relay maintains the last state in which it was
polarization voltage is lower than the minimum polarization (front or back). That is, if it comes from a trip zone, this trip
voltage; if it is set as NO in those conditions the overcurrent is maintained until the locking zone is crossed. If it comes
trip is not allowed. from a non-trip zone it is maintained without tripping until
crossing that zone.
Phase zone width and neutral zone width. They are settings
that show the angle that the trip zone of the phase and If, for example, is wished that the tripping zone be between
neutral units will respectively cover. That is, if the maximum - 45° y + 135°, the “setting angle” must be set in 45° and the
torque line is set to 0° and the pick up zone width is set to “covered angle” in 180°.
70° the relay will trip between + 35° y - 35°. This zone has
4.6.1. Phase directional in quadrature (67)
Operation Memory
For the phase directionality detection, the polarization It is polarized by the positive sequence voltage while it is
voltage is the one corresponding to the connection in higher than a threshold. If the voltage is lower than this
quadrature (90°), where each phase current is compared value it is polarized by means of the voltage memorized
with the compound voltage between the other two phases. 2 cycles before disappearing the voltage. This memorization
is maintained 0.5 s.
It works as three single-phase units in which the polarization
voltages are the voltages composed by the healthy phases.
These voltages are obtained through calculation or through Trip permission without Vpol (directional locking on the
transformer measurement depending if the setting voltage display)
type shows that the introduced signals are simple voltages
(calculation) or compound (measurement). This setting is used when the polarization voltage falls
below a threshold (polarization V setting), so that if it is set
In case the phase order ABC is polarized with Vab, Vbc and Vca as YES, it indicates forwards (trip permission) and if it is set
against Ic, Ia, and Ib. In case the phases order CBA is polarized as NO, it indicates reverse (no permission).
with Vba, Vcb and Vac against Ic, Ia and Ib.
The memory treatment has been previously done.
There is a 5th zone between the locking zone and the trip
zone, for which the present directional status is maintained.
VA
Signaling
Ia LMP
5°
It provides forward and reverse signaling per phase.
2
3 Being the trip Permission without Vpol (Directional Locking)
Vbc
1 set as NO if the polarization magnitudes are below the
4
threshold, the direction is not signaled.
VC VC
5°
Being the trip Permission without Vpol (Directional Locking)
set as YES if the polarization magnitudes are below the
threshold, it signals reverse and forward.
1 Locking zone
2 Trip zone
3 90 - Setting angle
4 Angle covered by trip zone
Figure 4.4. Phase directional
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4.6.2. Phase directional by sequences (67)
Operation
Negative sequence directional Positive sequence directional
The direction is determined comparing the negative The direction is determined comparing the positive
sequence voltage and current, being I2 higher than a sequence voltage and current.
threshold and V2 higher than a threshold.
There is a 5th zone between the locking zone and the trip zone,
for which the present directional status is maintained.
90 - setting angle < arg (I2) – arg 92 (V2) < 270 - setting angle
90 - setting angle > arg I1) – arg (V1) > 270 - setting angle
3
1
3
4
2
2
1 Trip zone
2 Locking zone
3 Setting angle 1 Locking zone
Figure 4.5. Negative sequence directional 2 Tripping zone

3 Angle covered by the tripping zone
Negative sequence Directional Locking 4 Setting angle
1. If the negative sequence voltage is lower than a Figure 4.6. Positive sequence directional
threshold (Polarization V setting) the positive sequence
directional is carried out.
2. If the negative sequence current is lower than a
threshold (0.068 A) the previous selection is maintained.
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Memory Signalling
It is polarized by the positive sequence voltage while it is It provides forward and reverse signaling. If the direction
higher than a threshold. If the voltage is lower than this is forwards, the signals “Forward A”, “Forward B” and
value, it is polarized by means of the voltage memorized “Forward C” get activated. If the direction is reverse, the
2 cycles before the voltage disappears. This memorization signals “Reverse A”, “Reverse B” and “Reverse C” get activated.
is maintained 0.5 s.
Being the trip permission without Vpol (Directional Locking)
set as “NO”, if the polarization magnitudes are below the
Trip permission without Vpol (Directional Locking on the threshold, the direction is not signaled.
display)
This setting is used when the polarization voltage (V1) falls set as “YES”, if the polarization magnitudes are below the
below a threshold (setting), so that if it is set as “YES”, it threshold, it signals reverse and forward.
indicates forwards and if it is set as “NO”, it indicates reverse.
The memory treatment has been previously done.
4.6.3. Neutral directional (67N); polarization by S0 (V0)
Operation with polarization by V0, zero sequence voltage
The direction is determined using the neutral current (3 I0) 90-setting angle < arg (I0) – arg (V0) < 270-setting angle
with the neutral voltage as polarization, (3 V0). The angle
1
determines the range in which the fault is considered
forwards and reverse. The fault is considered forwards if:
zone, for which the present directional status is maintained. 3
The measurement of 3 V0 can be obtained through a 4

transformer or calculated using the phase simple voltages.
If the “type of voltage” setting is set as “compound” the
calculated zero sequence voltage will always be zero. The
2
measurement of 3 I0 can also be calculated as the sum of the
phase currents, in models in which there isn’t a transformer
assigned for that measurement
1 Tripping zone
. 2 Locking zone
3 Angle covered by the tripping zone
4 Setting angle
Figure 4.7. Homopole sequence directional
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Trip permission without Vpol (Directional Locking on the Signaling

display)
It provides forward and reverse signaling.
This setting is used when the polarization voltage (3 V0) falls
below the threshold (setting V polarization), so that if it is Being the trip permission without Vpol (Directional Locking)
set as “YES”, it indicates forwards and if it is set as “NO”, it set as “NO” if the polarization magnitudes are below the
indicates reverse. threshold, the direction is not signaled.

set as “YES” if the polarization magnitudes are below the
threshold, it signals reverse and forward.
4.6.4. Neutral directional (67N); polarization by S - (V2)
Operation with polarization by V2, reverse sequence voltage Trip permission without Vpol (Directional Locking on the
display)
The direction is determined using the negative sequence
current with the negative sequence voltage (V2) as This setting is used when the polarization voltage (V2) falls
polarization. The angle determines the range in which the below the threshold (V polarization setting), so that, if it is
fault is considered forwards and reverse. The setting angle set as “YES”, it indicates forwards and if it is set as “NO”, it
is the same as that used for the phase directional. indicates reverse.
zone, for which the present directional status is maintained. Signaling
It provides forward and reverse signaling.

90 - setting angle < arg (I2) – arg (V2) < 270 - setting angle
set as “NO”, if the polarization magnitudes are below the
threshold the direction is not signaled.
1
set as “YES”, if the polarization magnitudes are below the
threshold signals reverse and forward.
3
1 Trip zone
2 Locking zone
3 Setting angle
Figure 4.8. Negative sequence directional
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4.6.5. Neutral directional (67N); polarization by S0 + S - (V0 + V2)
Operation with polarization by V0 and V2 Signaling
The direction is determined regardless of the previous It provides forward and reverse signaling. The directional
criteria. If any of them determines that the direction is the units output is an OR of the polarization by voltage and
trip direction, the trip permission is given. polarization by current units so that the trip permission
criterion prevails over the locking criterion.
Trip permission without Vpol (Directional Locking on the Being the trip permission without Vpol (directional locking)
display) set as “NO”, if the polarization magnitudes are below the
This setting is used only when in both of the previous
units the polarization magnitude is below the threshold Being the trip permission without Vpol (Directional Locking)
(V polarization setting). set as “YES”, if the polarization magnitudes are below the
4.6.6. Neutral directional (67N); polarization by I
Operation with polarization by current Locking by lack of polarization
The direction is determined comparing the earthing current If the polarization current (Ipol) falls below a threshold
(Ipol) with the neutral current. The trip direction happens (0.068 A), it indicates that the fault is reverse and there is no
when both currents are in phase. trip permission.
For the direction to be checked the following condition

must be fulfilled Ipol > 0.068 A Signaling
There is a 5th zone between the locking zone and the trip It provides forward and reverse signaling.
zone, for which the present directional status is maintained,
both if it is polarized by voltage or by current.
1 Trip zone
2 Locking zone
3 90 - Torque line
Figure 4.9. Zero sequence directional
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4.6.7. Neutral directional (67N); polarization by S0 + I (V0 + Ipol)
Operation Signaling
criteria (V0 and I). If any of them determines that the units output is an OR of the polarization by voltage and
direction is the trip direction, the trip permission is given. polarization by current units so that the trip permission
The earth fault directional output is an OR of the polarization
by voltage and polarization by current units so that the trip Being the trip permission without Vpol (Directional Locking)
permission criterion prevails over the locking criterion. set as “NO”, if the polarization magnitudes are below the
Trip permission without Vpol (Directional Locking on the Being the trip permission without Vpol (Directional Locking)
display) set as “YES”, if the polarization magnitudes are below the
units the polarization magnitude is below the threshold
(V polarization setting) in the case of the V0 and below
68 mA in the case on the current.
4.6.8. Neutral directional (67N); polarization by S – + I (V2 + Ipol)
Operation Signaling
criteria (V2 and I). If any of them determines that the units output is an OR of the polarization by voltage and
The earth fault directional units output is an OR of the
polarization by voltage and polarization by current units so Being the trip permission without Vpol (Directional Locking)
that the trip permission criterion prevails over the locking set as “NO”, if the polarization magnitudes are below the
criterion. threshold the direction is not signaled.

Trip permission without Vpol (Directional Locking on the set as “YES”, if the polarization magnitudes are below the
display) threshold signals reverse and forward.

units the polarization magnitude is below the threshold
(V polarization setting) in the case of the V2 and below
68 mA in the case of the current.
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4.6.9. Neutral directional (67N); polarization by S0 + S- + I (V0 + V2 + Ipol)
Operation Signaling
criteria (V0, V2 and I). If any of them determines that the units output is an OR of the polarization by voltage and
The earth fault directional units output is an OR of the
polarization by voltage and polarization by current units so Being the trip permission without Vpol ((Directional Locking)
that the trip permission criterion prevails over the locking set as “NO”, if the polarization magnitudes are below the
criterion. threshold the direction is not signaled.

Trip permission without Vpol (Directional Locking on the set as “YES”, if the polarization magnitudes are below the
display) threshold signals reverse and forward.
This setting is used only when in the three units the

polarization magnitude is below the threshold (V
polarization setting) in the case of the V0 and the V2 and
below 68 mA in the case of the current.
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4.6.10. Neutral directional (67N); watimetric directional
It is used for lines with compensations by means of Petersen 4. For backwards faults the angle between the current
coil. and the voltage, displaced the maximum torque angle,
and must be between 277 and 83.
In order to allow the pick up of the directional unit the
5. 277 < ang (I0) – angle (V0) + angle characteristics < 83.
following must be fulfilled:
6. The power P = Vr•Ir•cos (j-jc) must exceed the P
1. Exceed the Vn minimum threshold. minimum threshold in absolute value. If P sign is
2. For forwards faults the angle between the current and negative, the fault is forward. It is positive it is reverse.
the voltage, displaced the maximum torque angle, and
The equation to calculate P is the following one:
must be between 97 and 263.
3. 97 < ang (I0) – angle (V0) + angle characteristics < 263.
P = (Re(V) ⋅ cos(φ) + Im(V) ⋅ sin(φ)) ⋅ Re(I) + (Im(V) ⋅ cos(φ) – Re(V) ⋅ sin(φ)) ⋅ Im(I)
1 Tripping Zone
2 Locking zone
Figure 4.10. Neutral directional
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4.6.11. Neutral directional (67N); I*cos (φ)/I*sen (φ) directional
An input (“67N Isen (j) or Icos (j)”) can be programmed setting: If it is deactivated the algorithm I*cos (j) is carried
and when it gets activated the I*cos (j) operation mode out and if it is activated, the I*sen (j), regardless the setting.
changes to I*sen (j). This input, if programmed, cancels the It does not affect the watimetrical directional or the angular.
I*cos (φ) directional
In order to allow the pick up of the directional unit, the 4. For backwards faults, the angle between the current
following must be fulfilled: and the voltage, displaced the maximum torque angle,
1. Exceed the Vn minimum threshold.
277 < ang (I0) - angle (V0) + characteristic angle < 83
2. The minimum current Iminimum = Ir•cos (j-jc) must exceed
the minimum threshold in absolute value. If the sign is The trip zone depends on the angle between the zero
negative, the fault is forward. If it is positive, it is reverse. sequence voltage and the zero sequence current. If we are in
3. For forwards faults, the angle between the current and the trip zone, the directional gives trip permission when the
the voltage, displaced the maximum torque angle, and Io•cos (j-jc) value exceeds the setting (in negative value).
97 < ang (I0) – ángle (V0) + characteristic angle < 263
 (Re(V) ⋅ cos(φ) + Im(V) ⋅ sin(φ)) ⋅ Re(I) + (Im(V) ⋅ cos(φ) – Re(V) ⋅ sin(φ)) ⋅ Im(I) 
I·cos(v – i – φ) =
│V│
1 Tripping zone
2 Locking zone
Figure 4.11. I*cos (φ) directional
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As the neutral units allow the trips with forward and reverse
faults the characteristics will have the following form:
1 Backwards
2 Forwards
Figure 4.12. Trip with forward and reverse faults
I*sen (φ) directional
In order to allow the pick up of the directional unit, the 3. For forwards faults, the angle between the current and
following must be fulfilled: the voltage, displaced the maximum torque angle, and
1. Exceed the Vr minimum threshold.
187 < ang (I0) – angle (V0) + characteristic angle < 353
2. The minimum current Imínima = Ir cos (j-jc) must exceed
4. For backwards faults, the angle between the current
the minimum threshold set in absolute value. If the
and the voltage, displaced the maximum torque angle,
sign is negative, the fault is forward. If it is positive, it
is reverse.
 (Im(V) ⋅ cos(φ) + Re(V) ⋅ sin(φ)) ⋅ Re(I) + (Re(V) ⋅ cos(φ) – Im(V) ⋅ sin(φ)) ⋅ Im(I) 
I·sin(v – i – φ) =
│V│
1 Tripping zone
2 Locking zone
Figure 4.13. I*sen (φ) directional
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4.7. Sensitive neutral overcurrent protection
Sensitive neutral overcurrent protection, with the same (except that there is only one instantaneous element), and
possible characteristics as the ones described for phases independent settings (function 50Ns/51Ns).
4.7.2. Setting ranges of the timed characteristic (6 tables) (normal and HIGH2)

Enable YES/NO/pickup/YES+drop
Pickup [A] 0.0005 1.0000 0.0001 With standard ratings
0.005 10,000 0.001 With specified ratings
Normal inverse curve, very inverse curve,
extremely inverse curve
User curve
Definite time [s] 0.0 1,800.0 0.01
These settings can be found in the console on the screen “overcurrent protection (1)”
The remarks about curves and accuracy in times are the

same as the ones quoted for phases.
4.7.3. Setting ranges of the instantaneous characteristic (single level) (6 tables) (normal and HIGH2)

Sensitive neutral instant. trip [A] 0.0005 1,0000 0.0001 With standard ratings
Special operation See “instant. special operation”
These settings can be found in the console on the screen “overcurrent protection (1)”
Table 4.11. Setting ranges of the instantaneous characteristic
The tripping current is set to secondary amps. The remarks about operating times are the same as the
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4.7.4. Directionality
In case the model has the “neutral directional” and the The directional watrimetic and the cosine type directional
“sensitive neutral” units, the later can also be directional, are almost the same, with the only difference that one is set
for which it has the “torque control” setting (set to “YES”, it to W and the other one to A.
indicates that it is directional, set to “NO”, it indicates that
it is not). The corresponding settings are in “current protection (3)”
screen.
There are four types of directional for the sensitive neutral.
The angle (polarization by V0, it works as the neutral one), They work as a torque control of the sensitive neutral units.
the watimetric, the I•cos (j) and the I•sen (j) These units are set in order to trip backwards or forwards.
Setting Min. Max. Step

Directional type Angular
I•cos(j)/I•sen(j)
watimétric
Minimum active 0 – 100 W 0,01 W For the watimetric directional
power (homopole) P = Vn • Ins• cos(j-jc)
j = angle between Vn and In
If the power is higher than this value in negative value it is considered as a forward
fault it is higher than this value in positive, it will be a backwards fault
Characteristic 0 - 350° 1° For all the sensitive neutral directional
angle φc Setting that allows taking into account the characteristics of the system that can be
used in lines with isolated neutral or with Petersen coil
Common setting with the cosine directional of j
Iminimum 5 mA – 10 A 0,001 A It is used for the directional I•cos(j) and the I•sen(j)
Iminimum = Ins•cos(j-jc)
j = angle between Vn and Ins
If the minimum I is higher than this value in negative value, it is considered to be
forward fault If it is higher than this value in positive it is a backward fault
Table 4.12. Directionality
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Watimetrical directional
It is use for those lines with compensation via Petersen coil. 3. For backwards faults, the angle between the current
and the voltage, displaced the maximum torque angle,
In order to allow the directional unit pickup, the following and must be between 277 and 83
must be fulfilled.
1. Exceed a minimum threshold of Vr 4. The power P = Vr Ins cos (j-jc) must exceed the minimum
2. For forwards faults, the angle between the current and threshold of P in absolute value. If P sign is negative, the
the voltage, displaced the maximum torque angle, and fault is forwards. If it is positive, it will be backwards.
must be between 97 and 263
The equation to be done to calculate P is the following one:
P = (Re(V) ⋅ cos(φ) + Im(V) ⋅ sin(φ)) ⋅ Re(I) + (Im(V) ⋅ cos(φ) – Re(V) ⋅ sin(φ)) ⋅ Im(I)
1 Tripping zone
2 Locking zone
Figure 4.14. 4.7.4.1. Watimetrical directional
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I*cos (φ)/I*sen (φ) directional
It works as a torque control of the neutral sensitive unit. 3. For forwards faults the angle between the current and
It has an input (“67NS Isen (j) or Icos(j)”), twhich when it the voltage, displaced the maximum torque angle, and
is activated it changes the operation mode from I•cos (j) must be between 97 and 263.
to I•sen(j). This input, if programmed cancels the setting; 97 < ang (I0) – angle (V0) + characteristic angle < 263
if deactivated it carries out the algorithm I*cos (j) and if it 4. For backwards faults the angle between the current
deactivated the I*sen (j), regardless the setting. It does not and the voltage, displaced the maximum torque angle,
affect the watrimetic or the angular directional. and must be between 277 and 83.
I*cos (φ) direccional
The trip zone depends on the angle between the zero-
In order to allow the picking up of the directional unit the
sequence voltage and the zero-sequence pole current. In
following conditions must be fulfilled:
the trip zone, the directional allows the trip when the I0•cos
1. Exceed a Vn minimum threshold. (j-jc) value exceeds the setting (in negative value).
2. The minimum current Imínima = Ir sects (j-jc) must exceed
the minimum threshold in absolute value. If the sign
is negative, the fault is forwards. If it is positive, it is
backwards.
 (Re(V) ⋅ cos(φ) + Im(V) ⋅ sin(φ)) ⋅ Re(I) + (Im(V) ⋅ cos(φ) – Re(V) ⋅ sin(φ)) ⋅ Im(I) 
I·cos(v – i – φ) =
│V│
1 Tripping zone
2 Locking zone
Figure 4.15. I*cos (φ) directional
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As the sensitive neutral units allow the trip with forwards

and backwards faults, the characteristics will be as follows.
1 Backwards
2 Forwards
Figure 4.16. Forwards faults and backwards faults
I*sen (φ) directional
In order to allow the picking up of the directional unit the 3. For forwards faults the angle between the current and
following conditions must be fulfilled: the voltage, displaced the maximum torque angle, and
1. Exceed a Vn minimum threshold.
4. 187 < ang (I0) – angle (V0) + characteristic angle<353.
2. The minimum current Iminimum = Ins sen (j-jc) must
exceed the minimum threshold in absolute value. If the 5. For the angle between the current and the voltage,
sign is negative, the fault is forwards. If it is positive it is displaced the maximum torque angle, and must be
backwards. between 7 and 173.
7 < ang (I0) – angle (V0) + characteristic angle <173.
 (Im(V) ⋅ cos(φ) + Re(V) ⋅ sin(φ)) ⋅ Re(I) + (Re(V) ⋅ cos(φ) – Im(V) ⋅ sin(φ)) ⋅ Im(I) 
I·sin(v – i – φ) =
│V│
Figure 4.17. I*sen (φ) directional
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4.8. Current unbalance protection
It contains the timed and instantaneous unbalance It must be taken into account that the phase
protection functions. sequence A-B-C or C-B-A is programmable, so that
the I2 depends on that setting.
The protection works exactly in the same way as the phase
overcurrent protection, taking as measurement input 3
times the modulus of negative sequence current.

3• I2 = Ia + a 2 • Ib + a • Ic Where a = 1|120°
4.8.2. Setting ranges of the timed characteristic (6 tables)

Pickup.[A] 0.02 40.00 0.01 With standard ratings
Normal inverse curve, very inverse curve,
extremely inv. curve
User curve

Definite time [s] 0 600.0 0.01
These settings can be found in the console on the screen “Overcurrent protection (1)”. TIME SETTING UNBALANCE box
The remarks about curves are the same as the ones quoted
for phases.
4.8.3. Setting ranges of the instantaneous characteristic (6 tables)

Unbalance instantaneous trip [A] 0.02 40.00 0.01 With standard ratings
Additional time [s] 0 60.00 0.01
These settings can be found in the console on the screen “Overcurrent protection (1)”. TIME SETTING UNBALANCE box
The remarks about curves are the same as the ones quoted
for phases
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4.9. Broken conductor protection
It is a definite time protection unit. The starting value which The relay trips when the programmed time has expired
is set is, in per unit, the module ratio between the negative since the starting setting value is exceed. To be operational,
and positive sequence currents. this unit requires that the current of any of the phases is
at least 0.3 A, and both the direct and reverse sequence at

I2 Ia + a 2 • Ib + a • Ic least 0.15 A (secondary).
= Where a= 1|120°
I2 = Ia + a • Ib + a 2 • Ic

4.9.2. Setting ranges (6 tables)

Enable YES/NO/pickup
Pickup 0.10 0.50 0.01 Ir per unit. I2/I1
Definite time [s] 0.05 300.0 0.01
These settings can be found in the console on the screen “Overcurrent protection (2)”. OPEN PHASE box
Table 4.15. Setting ranges
4.10. Phase characteristic voltage control (function 51 V/50 V)
The timed phase overcurrent protection function can be The control by voltage has two possible operation ways,
controlled by voltage, in the way that the starting current depending on the setting of the "voltage control" on the
decreases if the voltage control is lower than the nominal screen number 3 of the overcurrent protection settings
voltage. To activate this function the setting "voltage (or by keyboard/display in PROTECT. FUNCTION-PA.CRTLV-
acceleration" of the settings screen “overcurrent protection ENABLE). If it is set to NO, the unit operates in control mode
1 – phases” (or by keyboard/display the PROTECTION- 1 and if it is set to YES, in control mode 2.
CURRENT PROT.-PHASE TOC.- ACCEL. ENABLE) must be set
to "YES". (If it is set to NO, the effective settings are the ones
programmed in the time delay phase overcurrent unit).
4.10.1. Mode 1 (51 V)
The pickup current is controlled by the compound voltage V, When the control voltage is 90 % of the nominal voltage, the
corresponding to that phase, used as control. This function controlled pickup current is 90 % of the programmed value.
affects both levels of timing.
Between both values, the pickup current variation is lineal
When the control voltage is 10 % of the nominal voltage, the in respect to the control voltage.
controlled pickup current is 10 % of the programmed value.
For control voltage values higher than 90 % of the nominal
voltage, the pickup current is the programmed one.
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4.10.2. Mode 2 (51 V)
IWhen the control voltage is lower than the control voltage The settings are the following:
(one programmed value), the effective settings of the
function 51 stop being the programmed in "phase time 1. Enable control by voltage: YES/NO (as it has been said
unit", to become the programmed as “voltage controlled”. YES means operating in mode 1, NO in mode 2, as long
In order to retrieve the “phase timing” setting, the three as the phase time delay "Acceleration" is set to YES).
voltages must be higher than the control voltage. 2. Voltage control: 10 to 200 V.
3. Phase timed unit’s setting group (pickup, curve, time,
This function is subordinated to the phase timed unit, in the
etc.), corresponding to “control by voltage”.
sense of making it operative with other settings, but if the
phase time delayed function is not enable, the function 51V
has no effect. This function affects.
4.10.3. Mode 2 (50 V)
In an analogue way to the former one, when some of the (normal, “high1” and “high2”, if existed) are affected and
compound voltages are lower than the control voltage (one they start operating with the same values.
programmed value), the effective settings of the function
50 stop being those programmed in "phase instantaneous The settings are the following:
unit" (as much in low as in high level), to become the 1. Enable: YES/NO (YES means operating in mode 2, NO
programmed as “control by voltage”. means not operating).
This function is subordinated to phase instantaneous, in the 2. Voltage control: 10 to 200 V.
sense of making them operative with other settings, but if 3. Settings of phase instantaneous characteristic (pickup,
both phase instantaneous functions are not enabled, the
function 50 V has no effect. All the instantaneous functions time), corresponding to “control by voltage”.
4.10.4. Summary
The function 51 V can operate in mode 1 or mode 2. The setting change does not affect the enablings of the
functions affected.
The function 50 V can operate only in mode 2.
In order to operate the voltage control (in any mode) the
It is possible the operation of the function 51 V in mode 1 setting “boosting by voltage” hast to be at YES
and the function 50 V in mode 2
.
.
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4.11. High current lockout
4.11.1. Description
There are two other instantaneous settings groups, one If they give a trip, it will be moved on to definitive trip’
for phases and other for neutral (not for sensitive neutral).
They are different from the usual ones for the two following The number of trip is programmable (1 to 4) within the
characteristics: sequence of running cycle from which the function is active.
4.11.2. Setting (table 0, single)
They are accessible through keyboard/display in "table 0" - 2. “Neutral high current lockout”
"protection" – “high current lockout", or through console in a. Neutral enable: YES/NO
“overcurrent protection (3)” and they are: b. Trip number: 1 to 4
1. “Phase high current lockout” c. Pickup: 0.1 to 100 A
a. Phase enable: YES/NO d. Additional time: 0 to 60 s
b. Trip number: 1 to 4
c. Pickup: 0.1 to 200 A
d. Additional time: 0 to 60 s
4.12. Cold load pickup
4.12.1. Description
This function aims to avoid non wished trips in the following The function is activated when the current in the 3 phases
situation: After being the line de-energized for a period of time is below 10 mA, then the programmed time starts to run to
and re-energized later, the load can exceed the protection determine that the load is “cold” (this time can be 0, what
setting without the presence of a fault. This may be due to means that any circuit breaker opening leads to the cold
the accumulative inrush current caused when connecting all load situation). Once that time has expired and the current
the loads (furnaces, heaters, coolers, etc.) at the same time. has not exceed again 12 mA, the protection usual setting
This phenomena can occur not only at the moment of the values are replaced by the cold load pickup ones. When
breaker manual closing, after having remained open for a any of the phase current exceed 12 mA, a counter with
certain time, but also with the breaker permanently closed programmable time starts, during which the setting are the
due to the operation of another upstream breaker. cold load pickup ones, when expiring this time, the setting
are again the usual ones.
What the function does is detecting when those conditions
are given and changing the tripping settings during a
programmable time
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4.12.2. Settings (table 0, single)
They are accessible through keyboard/display in "table 0" - " 3. Operating time of “cold load” settings: 0.1 to 3600 s
special protections" - "cold load" , or through console on the (1 hour) with 0.01 s resolution in console “duty time”.
screen “overcurrent prot.-cold load” and they are the ones During this time, after coming back the current (>0.2 A)
which replace the standard functions when that condition all the overcurrent protection settings (phase, neutral
is given: and sensitive neutral) stop being the corresponding
to the “active table” and become the corresponding to
1. Phase time unit “cold load”: Enabling actions, pickups, curves, times, etc.
2. Neutral time unit
3. Phase instantaneous unit Remarks
4. Neutral instantaneous unit
The function “cold load” is de-activated while the unit is
5. Sensitive neutral time unit
on “ongoing cycle”, this means while the closing control is
6. Sensitive neutral instantaneous unit assumed by the reclosing function.
They are also under the name "cold load pickup" the ones The function “cold load” does not operate on the “high
which define the function activity range: current lockout” settings.
1. “Cold load” enable: YES/NO.
2. Cold load time: 0 to 10 000 s. In console “cold load time”.
1 2 3
4 5
I
0,2 A
0,1 A
1 Usual settings
2 Cold lood settings
3 Usual settings
4 Cold lood time
5 Actuation time
Figure 4.18. Example with breaker opening and closure
1 2 3
4 5
I
0,2 A
0,1 A
1 Usual settings
2 Cold lood settings
3 Usual settings
4 Cold lood time
5 Actuation time
Figure 4.19. Example with very low load
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4.13. Isolated neutral protection
The “Directional zero sequence relay” incorporated in the They are settable parameters
relay carries out a directional protection against earth faults
in isolated neutral systems (67IN function). It can be used as 1. Enable. If it is set to YES allows the protection units
non directional. actuation; set to NO inhibits the actuation and in pickup
it operates but without tripping.
1. Input signals 2. Torque control (“external lock”). If it is set to “YES”, it
Zero sequence current (IG): Comes from the connection in operates as directional, checking the angle between VG
parallel of the secondaries of 3 phase current transformers or and IG; if it is set to “NO” it does not check the angle, that
from a toroid transformer embracing the 3 phases. is it works as non directional.
Zero sequence voltage (VG): If there are simple voltage signals
3. Low current (IL in the characteristic curve). Range 0.005
for each phase, it can be calculated internally. Other ways, it is
measured from the open delta of three voltage transformers,
to 1 A, with 1 mA resolution.
with secondary nominal voltage of 110/√3 V. A setting 4. High current (IH). Range 0.005 to 1 A, with 1 mA
indicates which of the procedures is used. resolution.
2. Measurements range 5. IH > = IL must be fulfilled
Current: 2 mA to 1 A 6. Low voltage (VL). Range 0.5 V to 60 V. 0.1 V resolution.
Voltage: 0.5 V to 200 V (3*110/√3 V) 7. High voltage (VH). Range 0.5 V to 60 V. 0.1 V resolution.
VH > = VL must be fulfilled.
8. First trip timing. Range 0 to 60 s. 0.01 s resolution.
The characteristic curve of this protection function is the
following: 9. Switch to instantaneous timing. Range 0 to 10 s. 0.1 s.
resolution.
Operating as directional, the relay trips when the point
defined by the measured VG and IG values is within the
trip zone of the characteristic curve, being the DELAYED
with respect to VG an angle in the interval 90 º ± 45 º. As
“Non directional” the only trip condition is to be within the
characteristic zone, regardless of the angle.
The first trip is timed according to the corresponding

setting parameter, the successive trips that happen during
the time programmed as “switching time” starting from that
first trip are instantaneous; the first one from that time is
1 Trip zone timed again.
Figure 4.20. Characteristic curve
4.13.2. Setting ranges
Parameter Min Max Step Notes

Enable YES/NO
Torque control (external lock)
Low current [A] 0.005 1 0.001
High current [A] 0.005 1 0.001
Low voltage [V] 0.5 60.0 0.1
High voltage [V] 0.5 60.0 0.1
First trip timing [s] 0.00 60.0 0.01
Switch to instantaneous timing 0.0 10.0 0.1
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4.14. Overvoltage protection
Three-unit overvoltage protection, which can be simples 6. Very inverse special time (MIEs BSC)
or compounds (see “General settings”), with following 7. Moderately inverse time (ANSI)
selectionable characteristics to choose from (function 59):
8. 4 User curve (USER 1 up to USER 4)
9. Definite time
Timed characteristic (programmable curves IEC or ANSI)
Instantaneous characteristic
1. Inverse normal time (I BSC or I ANSI)
2. Inverse short time (IC BSC) 1. Instantaneous unit
3. Inverse long time (IL BSC) 2. Additional time
4. Very inverse time (MI BSC or MI ANSI)
The functioning of this protection does not cause automatic
5. Extremely inverse time (EI BSC or EI ANSI) reclosing.
4.14.2. Setting ranges of the timed characteristic (6 tables)

Enable YES/NO
Pickup [V] 10 200 0,1
Normal inverse curve
Short inverse curve
Long inverse curve
Very inverse curve
Extremely inverse curve
Very inverse special curve
Moderately inverse curve
User curve
Table 4.16. Setting ranges of the timed characteristic (6 tables)
These settings can be found in the console on the screen Working with curve, the tripping time depends on the
“voltage protection”. selected curve (family and index) and on the voltage value.
In the Appendix II are given the graphics and formula for
The timed curves are the same as the ones used by the calculating the time, in function of the ratio between the
overcurrent protection units. voltage and the pickup voltage.
The pickup voltage is set to secondary volts. The remarks about accuracy in times are the same as the
given for the overcurrent function
Working with definite time, the relay will trip at the end of
the programmed time since the pickup voltage is exceeded, .
independently of the voltage value
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4.14.3. Setting ranges of the Instantaneous characteristic (6 tables)

Enable YES/NO
Phase instantaneous trip [V] 10 200 0.1
Table 4.17. Setting ranges of the Instantaneous characteristic (6 tables)
These settings can be found in the console on the screen .

“voltage protection”.
In both the timed and instantaneous
The tripping voltage is set to secondary volts. functions, once the protection starts up, the
The remarks about times are the same as those given for the drop takes place when the voltage drops to
overcurrent function 99 % of the start set value, if it is higher than
50 V (or to 98 % if it is lower)
4.15. Undervoltage protection
Three-unit overvoltage protection, which can be simples 7. Moderately inverse time (ANSI)
or compounds (see “General settings”), with following 8. 4 User curves (USER 1 up to USER 4)
selectable characteristics to choose from (function 59):
9. Definite time
Timed Characteristic: Instantaneous characteristic:
1. Inverse normal time (I BSC or I ANSI) 1. Instantaneous unit

2. Inverse short time (IC BSC) 2. Additional time
The functioning of this function does not cause automatic
4. Very inverse time (MI BSC or MI ANSI) reclosing.
4.15.2. Setting ranges of the timed characteristic (6 Tables)

Enable YES/NO
Pickup [V] 10 200 0.1
Short inverse curve
Long inverse curve
Very inverse curve
User curve
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These settings can be found in the console on the screen Working with curve, the tripping time depends on the
“voltage protection”. selected curve (family and index) and on the voltage value.
In the appendix II are given the graphics and formula for
The timed curves are the same as the ones used by the calculating of time, in function of the ratio between the
overcurrent protection units. starting voltage and the voltage.
The pickup voltage is set to secondary volts. The remarks about times are the same as the ones quoted
for the overcurrent function.
Working with definite time the relay trips once expired the
programmed time since descending below the pickup
voltage, independently of the voltage value.
4.15.3. Setting ranges of the instantaneous characteristic (6 tables)

Enable YES/NO
Phase instantaneous trip [V] 10 200 0.1
These settings can be found in the console on the screen

“voltage protection”.
In both the timed and instantaneous
The tripping voltage is set to secondary volts. functions, once the protection starts up, the
The remarks about times are the same as the ones quoted drop takes place when the voltage drops to
for the overcurrent function. 101 % of the start set value, if it is higher than
50 V (or to 102 % if it is lower).
4.16. Voltage unbalance protection
4.16.1. Timed characteristic
It is a definite time protection unit. The pickup value set The relay trips once expired the programmed time since the
is, in per unit the ratio between the negative and positive pickup value is exceeded.
sequence voltage modulus.
Settings ranges (6 tables)

Enable YES/NO
Pickup 0.10 0.50 0.01 In per unit. V2/V1
Table 4.20. Settings ranges

“overcurrent protection (2)”.
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4.16.2. Instantaneous characteristic
It is a definite time protection unit. It only checks if the

phase order is the programmed one or the opposite one. In
the case that the order is opposite to the programmed one
it will trip after a programmed time.
Settings ranges (6 tables)

Enable YES/NO
Definite time [s] 0.00 60.00 0.01
Table 4.21. Setting range
The settings of both characteristics can be found in the

console on the screen “voltage protection”.
4.17. Zero sequence overvoltage protection
Zero sequence overvoltage protection (function 64 or 59N). Instantaneous characteristic

The pickup value set is the zero sequence voltage coming
from the open delta connection of the secondaries of the 1. Instantaneous unit
three voltage transformers or the calculated zero sequence 2. Additional time
voltage (3 V0) as vectorial sum of the phase simple voltages.
The functioning of this protection does not cause an
The setting defining whether the voltage is measured or automatic reclosing
calculated is only accessible through keyboard/display, in
“Program table 0” – “define protect.” (key #$8 8 ) – “neutral The function can be deactivated by setting (timed and
parameter”. At this point and under the text “NEUTRAL V instantaneous at the same time)
TRANSF.”, 3 possibilities can be chosen: “No transf” (in this
case the calculated value will be used), “voltage transf. 9” or
“voltage transf. 5” (depending on the concrete HW model
of the unit)
The function has the following characteristics to choose

from.
Timed characteristic (IEC or ANSI programmable curves)
1. Inverse normal time (I BSC or I ANSI)

2. Inverse short time (IC BSC)
4. Very inverse time (MI BSC or MI ANSI)
7. Moderately inverse time (ANSI)
8. 4 User curves (USER 1 up to USER 4)
9. Definite time
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4.17.1. Setting range (6 tables)

Enable YES/NO (see note)
Pick up [V] 2 200 0.1
Short inverse time
Long inverse time
Very inverse curve
User curve
Instantaneous pickup [V] 2 200 0.1
Additional time [s] 0 60.00 0.01
The starting voltage is set to secondary volts.

These settings can be found in the console
on the screen “voltage protection” in the On definite time, the relay trips when the programmed
column “OVERVOLTAGE 3 x V0.” time expires since the starting voltage is exceeded,
independently of the voltage value.
The time delay curves are the same as the ones used by the
overcurrent protection units.
4.18. Frequency protection
This function has 5 steps, programmable as minimum The settings per step, independent for each step, are as
frequency or maximum frequency. follows (6 tables):

Minimum frequency enable YES/NO
Pickup [Hz] 40 70 0.01
Type
Table 4.23. independent settings
The common settings for all steps are:

Minimum supervision voltage [V] 12 200 1
Nº of pickup cycles 3 15 1
Table 4.24. Common settings
The time delay of this unit corresponds to the start set cycle In a console, the settings are in the “frequency protection”
number, more than 35 ms. screen. The common ones are in “frequency monitoring”.
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4.18.1. Minimum frequency
Each step picks up if the frequency is below the set value Lockings
during a number of cycles equal or higher than the setting
“Nr. of pickup cycles”. Once it picks up, the programmed If the voltage in phase B is lower than the setting “Minimum
time must elapse to produce trip. The unit drops out if supervision voltage”, the frequency units pickup is not
during two cycles the frequency is correct. allowed.
4.18.2. Maximum frequency
This unit causes pick up if the frequency is above the set Lockings
value during a number of cycles equal or higher than
the setting “Nr. of pickup cycles”. Once it picks up the If the voltage in phase B is lower than the setting “Minimum
programmed time must elapse to produce trip. The unit supervision voltage” the frequency units pickup is not
drops out if during two cycles the frequency is correct. allowed.
A trip by this function does not cause recloser actuation.
4.18.3. Frequency gradient
General description
This function has 4 steps. In each step, a relay activation The function is only effective for frequencies lower than a
occurs, if the frequency variation per time unit (frequency threshold called “maximum supervision frequency”, and for
decreasing) is higher than the set value. currents higher than a threshold called “Minimum current”.
4.18.3.2.Settings (6 tables)

Enable. df/dt. YES/NO (for all steps)
Max. frequency supervision [Hz] 40 70 0.01 (for each step)
Supervision minimum current [A] 0 100.0 0.1 (for all steps)
Pickup value (df/dt) [Hz/s] 0.20 5 0.05 (for each step)
Definite time [s] 0 2 0.01 (for each step)
Nº of pickup cycles D81 3 15 1 (for all steps)
Table 4.25. Settings
In the console, the settings corresponding to each step

are in the square “FREQUENCY DERIVATIVE” on the screen
“frequency protection (1)”. The common settings, minimum
voltage and Nr. of pickup cycles D81 (for the frequency
derivative) are in the square “FREQUENCY SUPERVISION”.
The frequency measurement of each cycle is executed

refreshing it each half cycle, as the figure shows.
The algorithm is executed each 5 ms only if the phase B

voltage has crossed zero.
Both positive and negative crosses are measured but the

frequency measurement is executed in complete cycles. Figure 4.21. frequency measurement
The frequency is measured up to 35 Hz. Below this value,
the frequency units are not activated.
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The algorithm stores the periods of the last 5 cycles of the For the unit to pickup, the frequency derivative must be
signal and calculates the frequency derivative comparing exceeded in module during the set number of cycles minus
the frequency measurement of the present cycle with the 4 cycles. That is, if it is set to 5 cycles the frequency rate of
measurement 5 cycles before having in account the time change must be viewed repeated once in order to pickup.
space between both. If the setting is 4 or lower the unit picks up the first time the
measurement is viewed above the threshold (in absolute
df/dt = (f1 - f5)/(T1 + T2 + T3 + T4) value).
f(Hz) f5 f4 f3 f2 f1 The pickup happens only if the value of df/dt is negative,
that is if the present frequency value is lower than the value
5 cycles before.
α=Arctan(df/dt)
During the pickup process one measurement is allowed to
be out of the pickup range without restarting the process.
T4 T3 T2 T1 That is, if for example 3 cycles (set to 7 cycles) are required
t(s)
to cause pickup, it is enough if the threshold is exceeded 3
times out of 4 consecutive measurements.
f5 = frequency measurement 4 cycles ago
f4 = frequency measurement 3 cycles ago Once the unit has picked up, for it to trip, the frequency rate
f3 = frequency measurement 2 cycles ago
f2 = frequency measurement 1 cycle ago
of change measurement must remain between the value of
f1 = last frequency measurement df/dt set and a dropout value equal to df/dt minus 0.05 Hz/s
T4 = period of the 4th cycle starting from the end during the set time.
T3 = period of the 3rd cycle starting from the end
T2 = period of the 2nd cycle starting from the end If some of the inputs are programmed as breaker associated
T1 = period of the last cycle to the frequency gradient, the trip is locked until that output
Figure 4.22. period of the last 5 cycle signal is viewed open.
This calculus is repeated having in account the Once the unit has picked up, for it to dropout the
measurements separated by two cycles so that it makes measurement of df/dt must be seen 0.05 Hz/s below the set
sure that the frequency has been falling the whole time, value.
that is, it is not a spurious measurement that can lead to a
trip.
Figure 4.23. Logic
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Lockings
The frequency derivative units are locked by: 2. Minimum supervision voltage. If the voltage in phase
B is lower than the setting, the pickup of the frequency
1. Minimum supervision current. If the minimum current derivative unit’s pickup is not allowed. When a voltage
that flows through the phase A is lower than the setting, higher than the threshold appears, the relay waits 10
the pickup of the frequency derivative unit’s pickup is cycles before starting to execute the frequency gradient
not allowed. When a current higher than the threshold function.
appears, the relay waits 10 cycles before starting to
execute the frequency gradient function.
4.19. Fuse failure
Fuse failure conditions are the following ones: To activate the fuse failure, this conditions must be kept
during a programmable time (“Additional timing” in console,
1. Positive sequence current I1 above 0.05 % of the full “Trip time” in the display (table 0 – protections-fuse failure).
scale (40 A)[4]. The function is activated until V1 voltage exceeds VFF.
2. Positive sequence current I1 above 0.1 A.
If any function has picked up or during the relay’s waiting
3. The increase and decrease of the positive sequence
time, any of its protection units picks up, the fuse failure
current I1 and of the neutral current Ir against the
outputs is not activated because what the relays has
current measure 2 cycles before must be lower than
detected is a fault and not a fuse failure situation.
0.05 % of the full scale (40 A)[4].
4. The increase and decrease of positive sequence current The fuse failure pick up and trip activate if the digital
I1 and of the neutral current Ir against the current input “Fuse failure” is activated, independently of the
measured 2 cycles before must be lower than 0.1 A. programmed time. Fuse failure will only deactivate if the
5. Positive sequence voltage V1 memorized 2 cycles before inputs is deactivated.
must exceed VFF.
Fuse failure may be used as a blocking signal for other
6. Positive sequence voltage V1 must be lower than the 95 functions.
% of VFF.
50
VFF := VN ⋅ (V)
63,5
Being Vr the single rated voltage
The options in bold correspond to the standard ratings.

[4]
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4.20. Teleprotection
4.20.1. Operation
It is based upon the use of teleprotection signals between 2. Permission scheme: The signal received gives
both end terminals of the line. The effect upon the output permission for an instantaneous trip within the
relays’ operation is determined according to the signals overreach zone. Additional ECO and reverse direction
given by the protection along with the signals given by the blocking can be used.
other terminals.
The following protection schemes may be selected:
In these schemes, the zones 1, 2 and 3 (F, Forward) look
forward and the zone 3R (R, Reverse) looks backwards. 1. Permissive overreach
Zone 3 directionality (F) or (R) depends on the setting 2. Permissive underreach
“torque control” (enabled or disabled) of the overcurrent 3. Directional Locking
instantaneous function (50), even if the function is enabled 4. Directional unlocking
or not. If torque control is set as NO, the direction is forward.
Additionally, together with the schemes, the following can
Zone 1 units include the three overcurrent units (timed and be selected:
the two instantaneous levels).
1. ECO
There are two basic types of schemes:
2. Inverse direction locking
1. Locking scheme: The signal received indicates that
the fault falls outside the zone to be protected. An
overreach zone may trip if the lockout signal is not
received after a given waiting period.
Setting Min Max Remarks Remarks

Protection scheme Permissive overreach
Permissive underreach
Directional Locking
Directional unlocking
Drop off time for input RTP 0 1 0.01
Additional lockout time [s] 0 1 0.01
Guard signal loss time [s] 0 0.15 0.01
Enable ECO YES/NO
Minimum RTP time for ECO [s] 0 9.99 0.1
Enable inverse direction lockout YES/NO
Inverse direction lockout time 0 9.99 0.1
1. Protection scheme: selects the type of scheme. 7. Enabling of reverse direction block-out: it enables the
2. RTP (TRTP) drop time: time during which the storage of the reverse direction.
teleprotection reception input (RTP) remains stored. 8. Reverse direction locking time (TZ3(R)MEM): reverse
3. Additional block-out time (TBLQ): waiting time of the direction storage time.
block-out signal.
The respective settings of teleprotection function and zones
4. Guard signal loss time (TPSG): waiting time after in the console are located in “Overcurrent prot. zones 2&3”,
receiving the channel loss input. “Distance protection (trip logic)” and “Protection trip mask”.
5. Enabling ECO: enables the ECO function. These settings are not accessible by keyboard/display.
6. Minimum RTP time for ECO (TMIN): time during which
the RTP input must be seen so that the ECO signal is
activated.
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4.20.3. Protection trip mask (6 tables)
This setting can only be programmed using a PC, not by Trip causes set as “YES” at “blocked” mask, give a trip
keyboard/display. with acceleration by blocking logic, only if locking logics
(Directional Locking) are selected in trip logic settings. If
There are three types of mask for the protection functions a trip with acceleration is given, “Pilot wire scheme trip”
that may cause “unconditional” “permissive” and “blocked” output will be activated and not general trip output.
trip. This mask is only examined if “enable masks” setting is
set as “YES”. If it is as “NO”, trips are allowed without taking You can simultaneously select for a function unconditional
into account the masks. and permissive or unconditional and locking, in this way the
trips of the units indicated in the permissive and blocked
Trip causes set as “YES” at “unconditional” mask, gives a trip mask can be accelerated, if the adequate conditions are
after expiring the trip time set, without taking into account given.
the pilot wire scheme. Unconditional trip output and general
trip output are activated. It has to be taken into account that these masks are examined
in the moment of giving the trip command; therefore it has
Trip causes set as “YES” at “permissive” mask, gives a trip with no effect if the function is disabled by setting. Let’s suppose,
acceleration by permissive logic only if permissive logics for example that “neutral instantaneous in zones 1, 2 and
(Overreach, underreach or directional unlocking) are selected 3” functions are set as “YES” in unconditional trip mask, but
in trip logic settings. If a trip with acceleration is given, “pilot “neutral instantaneous” is set as “NO” in trip permission after
wire scheme trip” output will be activated and not general closing, after second reclosure. During security time after
trip output. second reclosure it will not trip by neutral instantaneous,
because this command will not even be executed.
4.20.4. Used signals
Below the meaning is explained: MINC trip: OR of enabled protection units for unconditional
trips that have trip. These units will trip after the time set,
ETP: Is called the teleprotection signal sent by a terminal. In without taking into account the pilot wire schemes.
any event, the ETP signal sent by a terminal is kept active for
at least 50 ms, even though the reason that has caused its MPER pickup: OR of enabled protection units for permissive
activation may disappear. trips that have picked up. These units will trip if they have
pickup when the teleprotection signal/RTP MEM) reach
RTPE y RTP: Both are different, and therefore the RTPE is them. If they do not receive permission by this input, they
the input of the teleprotection received by a terminal; while do not trip.
the RTP follows the RTPE input in order to get activated,
but it keeps the input stored for the TRTP time in order to MBLOQ pickup: OR of enabled protection units for
be deactivated. If TRTP is adjusted equal to zero, then the blocked trips that have picked up. These units will trip, if
RTP coincides with the RTPE input. In the teleprotection they continue in pickup status, after exceeding the locking
schemes, RTP is used. signal time (TBLQ) and the signal (RTP) has not arrived. If
they were locked by this input, they would not trip.
Z3(R)MEM: Locking signal due to reverse direction change.
See the section that corresponds to reverse direction
locking.
Figure 4.24. Teleprotection reception
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Notes main pilot protection schemes
Permissive underreach (PUTT)

When “Directional Locking” scheme is set or “Inverse
Directional Locking” function is enabled zone 3 must be set Pilot protection signal (ETP) is sent with the activation of
as REVERSE. zone 1.
Trips, bay pilot wire schemes will reclose depending on the It generates instantaneous pilot protection trip when
masks set for external protection receiving the teleprotection signal (RTP) along with the
activation of a unit in zone 1, 2 or 3 (depending on the
. settings of trip mask) whenever memorized zone 3 (R)
(Z3(R)MEM) is not activated. The Z3(R)MEM signal can be
eliminated from the logic only by disabling the “Inverse
direction locking” function. In this case the Z3(R)MEM would
be continuously as 0.
The logic diagram of this function is:
Figure 4.25. Permissive underreach
Permissive overreach (POTT) is not activated. Z3(R)MEM signal can be eliminated from
the logic disabling “directional unlocking” function. In that
This scheme uses the teleprotection signal in the case, Z3(R)MEM would be always at 0.
overreach zone 2 (or 1 or 3, depending on the mask) of
the line. Instantaneous trip by teleprotection, when the EPilot protection signal sending with the activation of units
teleprotection signal is received along with the activation in zone 2, without backwards fault detection Z3(R)MEM.
of a unit in zone 2, whereas memorized zone 3 (Z3(R)MEM)
The logic diagram of this function is:
Figure 4.26. Permissive overreach
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Directional Locking
Pilot protection instantaneous trip with activation of zone 2, ETP locking signal is sent if the fault is seen backwards Z3(R)
if RTP signal is not received, once the locking time is elapsed MEM.
and no fault is seen in zone 3 Z3(R)MEM.
The channel stop signal (STOP) is activated if a fault is
detected forwards (Z1, Z2 or Z3) without seeing a fault in
zone 3 Z3(R)MEM.
The logic diagram is shown below:
Figure 4.27. Directional Locking
Directional Unlocking
Pilot protection instantaneous trip with activation of Z2, if The ETP output is the same as in the POTT scheme. The
the unlocking signal (RTP) is received or if only the channel Z3(R)MEM signal can be eliminated from the logic only by
loss signal (RPSG) is received during the guard signal loss disabling the “Inverse direction locking” function. In this case
time (TPSG). Since the moment in which the guard channel the Z3(R)MEM would be continuously as 0.
loss signal is activated a 150 ms time span is opened during
which the trip can be given if the RPGS signal is activated
during the programmed time (TPSG) without RTP reception.
After these 150 ms the guard channel loss signal will have
no effect over the pilot protection trip. Therefore, it is
indispensable that the time TPSG is programmed to a value
lower than 150 ms so that the loss signal guard activates
the trip. Once the guard signal is recovered 200 ms will be
waited before starting again the aforementioned logic in
case the guard channel is lost again.
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Figure 4.28. Directional unlocking
Additional pilot protection schemes
Reverse direction locking
It is used on double-circuit lines in order to prevent the The figure shows a flow scheme when the fault occurs and
immediate tripping of a protection that is seeing a fault when the breaker is opened. If this scheme is not used, the
backwards (and the carrier signal, which is sent to it by the effect could be the following:
forward protection) when the power flow direction changes
(due to opening of the parallel line breaker). It delays the When the failure occurs, terminal C sees it in zone 1, D in
pilot protection tripping for a few cycles in order to give zone 1 or 2 according to the length, B backwards and A in
the remote terminal time to remove the permission (ETP) zone 2. In this situation, C opens the breaker and sends the
signal after the change of flow direction due to the breaker ETP signal to D. A likewise sends ETP to B.
opening. The Z3 signal is used with a storage time (Z3(R) When the breaker is opened and the flow changes, A would
MEM), thereby obtaining the Z3(R)MEM signal to be used see the fault backwards and B would see it in zone 2 or 3 (F),
in the rest of the schemes, as shown in the following figure. whereby it could trip before A removes the RTP signal.
Figure 4.29. Reverse Directional Locking
Figure 4.30. Flow Change due to breaker opening
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ECO
It is used in the permissive schemes (overreach, underreach The teleprotection signal is sent with either of the following
and directional unlocking). conditions:
The pilot protection instantaneous trip is the one 1. According to the selected scheme
corresponding to the selected scheme. 2. If the RTP is received and the fault is not detected either
forward or backward.
3. During a minimum programmable time or the breaker
is open. The ECO signal only provides a pulse of 50 ms.
Figure 4.31. ECO logic
4.21. Thermal image
This function calculates a temperature according to the

recent and present load conditions of the protected unit.
This temperature is visualized in the display in % with
respect to the trip value; when reaching the programmed
value an alarm relay is activated (if there is any programmed)
and when reaching the 100 % the thermal image trip relay
(if the unit is enabled) and the corresponding signaling
are activated. Once the unit has tripped by this unit, the
relay does not dropout while the calculated temperature is
above the 75 % and the rest of the locking conditions are Being
fulfilled. The calculated temperature can be reset through
the keyboard/display (accessing through “↓” to TEMP = 0? t: trip time
and pushing “↓” during 2 seconds) or through console τ1: cooling constant
I: average current
command.
I0: programmed rated current
The time to trip is given by the following curves, which give
Once it has tripped, there is another programmable time
the time according to the ratio between the current and the
constant for the cooling.
programmed rated current, and the programmed cooling
constant. According to the following formula (starting from
temperature 0):
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4.21.2. Settings

Enable YES/NO
Heating time constant [min] 3 60 1
Cooling time constant [min] 3 180 1
Threshold alarm [%] 80 100 1
Threshold restore [%] 50 99 1
Rated current [A] 0.1 200.0 0.01
Table 4.27. Settings
4.21.3. Trip times
Figure 4.32. Trip times
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4.21.4. Heating curves
The heating curve is calculated from the following formula: The next figure gives as an example, the heating curves,
with 3 min time constant, for I/I0 = 1 and for I/I0 = 2.
Being Tf = final temperature

Ti = initial temperature
t = time
τ1 = Heating time constant
For Ti = 0 the formula is reduced
As in
The heating curve is:
Figure 4.33. Heating curves
4.21.5. Cooling curves
The cooling curve is calculate from the following: Example: Cooling curve with 3 min constant.
Being: Tf = final temperature

Ti = initial temperature
t = time
τ2 = cooling time constant
Starting from Ti = 1 (100 in %), tripping temperature, in

order to arrive to a final temperature of Tf = 0 (that is with Figure 4.34. Cooling curves
current I = 0), the formulae is reduced to:
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Combined examples cooling and heating: 2. Lets suppose that during 200 s it is heated with I/I0 = 0.5,
then with I/I0 = 1.5 until reaching 100 %, where it trips,
1. Let’s suppose that during 200 s it is heated with I/I0 = and starting from there it is cooled with I/I0 = 0 (both
1, the next 200 s (without tripping) with I/I0 = 2, and time constants of 3 min).
starting from there it goes back indefinitely to I/I0 = 1
(both time constants of 3 min):
Figure 4.36. Combined examples cooling and heating
Figure 4.35. Combined examples cooling and heating
4.22. Field loss protection
4.22.1. Overview
Field loss protection (generator excitation), with the following 2. 1 directional unit common to both areas.
characteristics (function 40): 3. 1 undervoltage unit common to both areas. Each area
can be enabled independently.
1. 2 MHO tripping areas with independent settings.
4.22.2. General settings range

Enable YES/NO
Minimum voltage pickup 10.0 65.0 0.1
Directional unit angle 0 180 1 Clockwise
Table 4.28. General settings range
The directional unit angle allows to block the protection in The protection’s impedance value is calculated with the
a specific direction. positive sequence current and voltage.
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4.22.3. MHO area settings range

Z1A impedance setting (offset) [Ω] -20.0 20.0 0.1
Z1B impedance setting (diameter) [Ω] 0.0 120.0 0.1
Area 1 undervoltage monitoring YES/NO
Area 1 alarm time setting [s] 0.0 10.0 0.1
Area 1 tripping time setting [s] 0.00 10.00 0.01
Table 4.29. MHO area settings range
The MHO2 area has the same settings range as the MHO1.
Settings Z1A and Z1B delimit the MHO1 tripping area

(settings Z2A and Z2B delimit the MHO2 area). Setting Z1A
represents the offset (in ohms) of the area’s top. This value
can be positive (see Z1A in figure 1) or negative (see Z2A for
the MHO2 area). Setting Z1B represents the diameter of the Angle
MHO1 area.
The protection operates differently, depending on whether

the area is in undervoltage conditions or not. For one area
to be in undervoltage conditions, one of the following
circumstances must be met:
1. That the measurement in any of the voltage phases is

below the undervoltage start value.
Figure 4.37. MHO area settings
2. That the area’s undervoltage monitoring setting is
disabled. Field loss signals:
When the generator enters one of the MHO areas a timer 1. MHO1 alarm
is activated. If the area is not in undervoltage conditions 2. MHO2 alarm
the area’s alarm timer is activated. However, if the area is
in undervoltage conditions, the tripping activates the 3. MHO1 alarm
area’s timer. The latest timer must be set to a value below 4. MHO2 alarm
the other timer’s. The reason for this is that in undervoltage 5. MHO1 undervoltage
conditions the fault must be cleared quickly in order to 6. MHO2 undervoltage
avoid the electrical system becoming unstable, since the
generator has few possibilities to recover. Once the timer’s The transmitted measurement is as follows:
time has elapsed, the corresponding outputs are activated.
Byte
Format Specification Data
Nr.
Impedance
2 Word PROCOME Vr*1.2*20
module
Table 4.30. transmitted measurement
It is the voltage (1.2*Vr) dividided by the minimum current.

To make calculations for the impedances, the positive
sequence current must be equal or higher than a minimum
value set to 0.05 A. This way, the maximum impedance
corresponds to the quotient between the maximum voltage
and the minimum current.
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4.23. Power protection
4.23.1. General
From the current and voltage measurements, the protection This setting is the Console, in the Power protection screen
calculates the active and reactive power and the power as, “Power Nominal Current (A)”, and in the keyboard/display
factor, and according to those values, it carries out some in the “POWER PROT.” menu as “POWER NOM. CURENT”. It
protection functions indicated below. The trip thresholds affects only to the power protections. In case of programming
are programmed in percentage relation to the nominal 1 A, although the physical possibility of programming the
apparent power, S = 3 * V * I, being: minimum ranges as 1 % exists, the effective minimum range
is 2.5 %, as there is a minimum current threshold established
V: simple nominal voltage (phase-earth) programmed in
in 25 mA.
“general settings”
I: in FW versions before “Q”: 5 A
4.23.2. Minimum power protection
General description
It protects against excessive decreases in the generated power Any reverse power will be considered below the minimum
and it compares the active power with the minimum power power threshold, so it will operate this protection.
given by the setting. If the generated power is lower than the
set value, the protection will trip the corresponding relay.
Setting ranges

Enable YES/NO
Minimum power protection [%] 1.0 200.0 0.1 Step 1 in versions before Q
Table 4.31. General description
The tripping power is set in % of the rated power, which is If the additional time is programmed as 0 the trip will
defined by the set value for the rated voltage and by the happen in 35 ms. If an additional time is programmed, this
protection’s rated current. time is added to the afore mentioned time.
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4.23.3. Maximum power protection
General description
It protects against excessive increases in the generated

power.
The operation is similar to the previous. The protection will

trip the corresponding relay when the generated active
power is greater than the set value. There are two units with
different ranges for the additional time, HI-Set and LO-Set
.
Setting range

HI-Set enable YES/NO
Maximum power trip HI-Set [%] 1.0 200.0 0.1 Step 1 in versions before Q
Additional time HI-Set [s] 0.00 60.00 0.01
LO-Set enable YES/NO
Maximum power trip LO-Set [%] 1.0 200.0 0.1 Step 1 in versions before Q
Additional time LO-Set [s] 0.0 600.0 0.1
4.23.4. Reverse power protection
General description
The protection actuates when the power flow gets reversed

and the power exceeds the set value. In this situation the
protection trips the relay or relays programmed for it.
This function has also got two units with different settings
for timing ranges.
Setting range

HI-Set enable YES/NO
Maximum power trip HI-Set [%] 1.0 200.0 0.1 Step 1 in versions before Q
LO-Set enable YES/NO
Maximum power trip LO-Set [%] 1.0 200.0 0.1 Step 1 in versions before Q
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4.23.5. Reactive power reverse protection
General description
The protection acts when the reactive power flux is reversed

(field loss in generators) and this exceeds the set value.
In this situation, the protection will trip the relay or relays
programmed for it.
There is also the possibility of programming two settings

with different time ranges.
Setting range

Enable HI-Set YES/NO
React. Power reverse trip HI-Set [%] 1.0 200.0 0.1 Step 1 in versions before Q
Enable LO-Set YES/NO
React. Power reverse trip LO-Set [%] 1.0 200.0 0.1 Step 1 in versions before Q
4.23.6. Minimum apparent power protection
General description
It is a protection against excessive decreases in the generated

power. From the voltage and current measurements, the
protection calculates the active and reactive power and
the power factor and compares the apparent power with
the minimum power given by the setting. If the generated
power is lower than the set value, the protection trips the
corresponding relay.
Setting range

Enable YES/NO
Minimum power trip [%] 1.0 200.0 0.1 Step 1 in versions before Q
The tripping power is set in % of the rated power, which is

defined by the set value for the rated voltage and by the
protection’s rated current (unit’s rate).
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4.23.7. Maximum apparent power protection
General description
It is a protection against excessive increases in the generated

power.
The operation is similar to the previous. The protection will

trip the corresponding relay when the generated apparent
power is greater than the set value. There are two units with
different ranges for the additional time, HI-Set and LO-Set.
Setting range
Ajuste Mínimo Máximo Escalón Observaciones

Habilitación HI-Set SÍ/NO
Disparo máxima potencia HI-Set [%] 1,0 200,0 0,1 Escalón 1 en versiones anteriores a la Q
Tiempo adicional HI-Set [s] 0,00 60,00 0,01
Habilitación LO-Set SÍ/NO
Disparo máxima potencia LO-Set [%] 1,0 200,0 0,1 Escalón 1 en versiones anteriores a la Q
Tiempo adicional LO-Set [s] 0,0 600,0 0,1
4.24. Breaker monitorin
This function produces an "event" and a control signal, when 2. If kI is chosen, only the sum of currents in kA is calculated
there is a number of trips higher than programmed during being I the current measured after passing the waiting
the programmed time, passing to definitive trip. When time set after the trip.
manual closing occurs, the period of time is reinitialized. 3. If kI2*t is chosen, the KI2/100 value is accumulated every
10 ms being I the current measured after passing the
An event is also generated each time when, after a trip,
waiting time set after the trip. It finishes accumulating
the ∑kI2 counter exceeds the programmed threshold (it
when I < 0.05 A.
is a pole to pole treatment). While on this situation the
corresponding signal is sent to control. The trip and close circuit supervision allows the checking of
the continuity of circuits with up to 2 trip coils and 2 close
For the pole wear calculation, the wished type of calculation
coils, when the breaker is close and also when it is open (see
can be programmed, between kI2*t, kI2 and kI
the connection example n the following page).
1. If kI2 is chosen, the kA2 is calculated, being I the current
measured after passing the waiting time set after the
trip.
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Excessive Nr. of trips 1 254 1
Time span for excessive Nr. of trips [s] 300 3.600 1
Trip circuit monitoring enable YES/NO
Close circuit monitoring enable YES/NO
∑kI2 alarm threshold 0 65.535 1
∑kI2 initial value 0 65.535 1
Calculation time KI, kI2, kI2t
Waiting time [s] 0 0,1 0.01
4.24.3. Coil monitoring example
The connections for the trip coil would be similar.

2 3
When the breaker is closed, “52a” contact is also closed. If 1 4
there is continuity in the circuit, the input programmed as
“coil monitoring with 52 close” is seen as closed; if there was
not continuity, it would be seen as open (breaker failure).
When the breaker is open, “52b” contact is closed. If there

is continuity in the circuit, the input programmed as “coil
monitoring with 52 open” is seen as closed; if there was not 5
continuity, it would be seen as open (breaker failure).
The relays programmed as “close circuit failure” or “trip

circuit failure” are activated 20 seconds after the failure is
detected, in case the failure remains after this time.
1 Closing coil supervisión 52 closed

2 Manual close
3 Auto close
4 Closing coil supervisión with 52 open
5 Iterlockings
6 Closing coil
Figure 4.38. Relays programmed
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4.25. Coil monitoring example
Trip sealing: If it is set to "YES" when a tripping signal is sent, The open and close failure timings provide the time margin
this signal remains until it sees the circuit breaker opening, existing between the corresponding command and the signal
even if the current has disappeared. If it is set to "NO" the reception of the circuit breaker operation, to considerate that
tripping signal disappears when the current falls below this has operated correctly. If this is not the case an "event"
the starting current (although it will be guarantied that the and a control signal will occur, and a relay will be activated
relay remains excited for at least the time programmed in (if there is any programmed with that function) for the open
the digital output programming). failure and another for the close failure.

Trip sealing YES/NO
Opening failure timing [s] 0.1 5.0 0.01
Closing failure timing [s] 0.1 5.0 0.01
4.26. Breaker failure protection
Output relays can be programmed as: If a LED has been programmed as "breaker failure (open
failure with overcurrent)", it will be activated in the
1. Breaker close failure. It looks after the input "52 status". same way as the relay, but it will be deactivated only by
2. Breaker open failure. It looks after the input "52 status". acknowledgment through keyboard/display on "last fault",
3. Open failure with overcurrent. It works according to a as the LED which signalizes trips.
settings group generically known as "breaker failure":
The external protection signal is internally memorized, this
a. Enable
means it can be an impulsive type.
b. Phase restore current
c. Neutral restore current On this way of functioning, it will not be looked at the
d. Definite time digital input of the circuit breaker status, but at the values
of the currents.
If the function is enabled, it works as follows: If the unit
gives a tripping signal or an external protection signal is Those units, with single-phase breaker failure, give
received through a digital input, a timer will be started; if individual signals for each pole. The reposition settings are
after the time programmed as "definite time" the current the same as those of the three-phase one. These functions
in any phase is higher than the programmed as "phase can be activated by digital inputs of external protection of
restore" or the neutral is higher than the "neutral restore", each pole.
the relay programmed as "open failure with overcurrent"
will be activated. The relay will be deactivated only when
phase and neutral currents fall under their restore values.
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Enable YES/NO
Phase restore [A] 0.1 200.0 0.01
Neutral restore [A] 0.1 200.0 0.1

“overcurrent protection (2)”
4.27. Tap changer locking (50TCL function)
The only purpose of this function is to allow tap changer If the biggest of phase currents exceeds the set threshold
locking if the set current value is exceeded. the relay programmed as “tap changer locked” is activated
and its correspondent control signal is sent.
The settings are the following ones:
1. Enable: YES/NO
2. Locking current threshold: 0.1 A to 200 A
4.28. Locking of the protection functions
Each protection function can be blocked by a digital input The locking programming is done by keyboard/display as
or by a logic function (combination of control inputs one setting more of the given function.
and/or signals). See “logic signals programming” in the
configuration section. By console, the programming is done through screens
called “locks”, whose number depends on the optional
functions available in the unit.
4.29. Fault locator
4.29.1. Introduction
The fault locator for singles lines implemented with the 2. Impedance parameters of the line on which the fault
ekor.rps protection processes the information collected on has occurred.
each fault, thereby returning the estimated distance to the 3. Length of the line.
fault point as a result of its calculations.
4. Transformation ratios of the VT and CT of the position
The initial data necessary for reaching the final calculations that captured the fault.
are the following:
The result obtained is the distance to the fault in kilometres.
1. Sample to sample values of the voltage and current
signals collected at the instant that the fault occurs
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4.29.2. Programming settings and collecting results
The necessary parameters for the distance calculation

algorithm to work are the following (all the values are
referred to the primary):
Abbrev. Description Units

alo Line length km
Z1 Real part of the line’s positive sequence Impedance per length unit W/km
Z2 Imaginary part of the line’s positive sequence impedance per length unit W/km
Z01 Real part of the line’s zero-sequence impedance per length unit W/km
Z02 Imaginary part of the line’s zero-sequence Impedance per length unit W/km
YL2 Imaginary part of the line’s positive sequence admittance per length unit 1/(W/Km) 10-9
YL02 Imaginary part of the line’s zero-sequence admittance per length unit 1/(W/Km) 10-9
ZA1 Real part of the system’s positive sequence reduced impedance on the relay’s side W
ZA2 Imaginary part of the system’s positive sequence reduced impedance on the relay’s side W
ZB1 Real part of the system’s positive sequence reduced impedance on the relay’s opposite side W
ZB2 Imaginary part of the system’s positive sequence reduced impedance on the relay’s opposite side W
ZAB1 Real part of the positive sequence impedance in parallel with the relay’s line W
ZAB2 Imaginary part of the positive sequence impedance in parallel with the relay’s line W
tpV Voltage variation minimum threshold for the “phase voltage [V]” fault detection primary V
tp1 Voltage variation minimum threshold for the “phase voltage [V]” fault detection primary A
tpIO NEUTRAL current minimum threshold for the “neutral current [A]” fault detection primary A
Neutral minimum current after closing [A] primary A
Current detection YES/NO
RTV Medium voltage transformer ration of the transformer
RTI Phase current metering transformer ratio of the transformer
RTIN Neutral current metering transformer ratio of the transformer
TSAL Analog output and control measurement activation time 0 - 3600 s
Table 4.40. necessary parameters
If “Current detection” is set to YES and the fault point is

detected during the 10 cycles after the closing of a switch,
the neutral current is checked to see if it is higher than the
setting “neutral minimum current after closing”. If it is, it
means that there is an Inrush and current pre-fault values
of zero are used, in order to avoid the inrush distortion in
those measurements.
These parameters of the protection are programmed using

the communication with the SIPCON protection console.
The screen corresponding to the line parameters is shown
in the following figure:
Figure 4.39. Locator’s settings screen
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The parameters with the transformation ratios of CT and VT The result of the distance calculation is included in the fault
are communicated to the relay from the general settings report as indicated in the following figure:
screen included in the following figure:
Figure 4.41. Fault report

Figure 4.40. General settings screen
4.29.3. Locator operation
The process that the algorithm follows can be summarised Fault detection
in 5 steps, which are explained below:
Once the protection has started up, the fault detection
1. Detection of the fault instant
algorithm begins to process the analogue signals received
2. Pre-fault and post-fault filtering in search of the exact instant at which the fault occurred.
3. Determination of the kind of fault This search is made by a comparison of the samples
4. Location algorithm between consecutive cycles.
5. Presentation of the results Once the fault instant has been determined, a total of 20 fault
cycles are stored in memory, and it waits for confirmation
of protection tripping in order to process the stored data.
In the event that the protection start-up relapses without
tripping, the process of calculating the distance to fault is
aborted.
In case the protection trips, the processing of the collected

signals continues.
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Pre-fault and post-fault filtering Distance Calculation
The distance calculation algorithm uses the basic The distance calculation algorithm developed for the single
components of the voltage and current waves. The filtering line has been designed for a line topology such as the
extracts the said components from the signals stored at the following figure.
start-up moment.
The collected signal is processed using a digital filter that

provides the basic voltage and current components. For
this stage, a cosine filter is used.
The filtering is adapted to the fault cycle number it finds,

up to a maximum of 5 cycles and a minimum of 1 cycle. The
transition is also detected in evolutive faults, limiting the
cycle number to the fist type that appears.
Vrele
Irele
Determination of fault type
Before launching the distance calculation algorithm, from

the pre-fault and fault measurements calculated in the
preceding step, it is necessary to define the kind of fault Figure 4.42. Line topology
that has occurred. When a fault occurs on one of the lines corresponding to
The locator includes an algorithm that determines what our relay, the information collected by the locator, located
phases were affected by the fault. The algorithm used at one of the ends of the same, is reduced to the voltage
is based on the known Girgis method for distance relays. and current values.
This procedure, which analyses the various magnitudes of The necessary equations for completely determining
the change between the pre-fault situation and the post- the system will be obtained from the situation existing
fault situation in the basic component of the currents, has at the instant immediately before the fault and from the
demonstrated an enviable accuracy in its results. fault situation itself. The application of the principle of
superposing the models in the generators and a suitable
mathematical development lead to a system of equations.
The use of the expressions obtained allows calculating the

distance to the fault. In order to establish the interactive
method that allows calculating the distance, the three
different kinds of faults must be considered as mentioned
in the preceding point.
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Presentation of results
1
The presentation of results is made in different ways:
1. In the display. In the “last fault” submenu. 5 mA
2. In the fault report that is sent to the PC by

communication.
3. In a control measurement:
a. Range: - 20 % to 100 %
b. It is maintained active the programmed time (0 – 7199 s)
or till another fault occurs if the programmed time is the
maximum one (7200 s)
4. As an option, if the equipment has an extension
card with analog outputs as a current signal in mA, 2
-20% 0% 100%
depending on the percentaje of the total of the faulty
line. Figure 4.43.
In this case, the proportion between the distance and the
current is shown in the following figure. When it is set to YES, the operation is as follows:
Therefore, the distance to the fault is calculated from the 1. If the unit displays the distance to a fault (ongoing
analog output current as follows: output activation time), only a new reclosing cycle fault
Distance [%] = current [mA] x 120/5 – 20 is calculated while the unit displays the first reclosing
And the calculation of the current corresponding to a sequence fault value. If the unit does not display the
particular distance is made as follows: distance fo a fault, meaning that the time during which
the output remains active is zero, the unit displays all
Current [mA] = [Distance [%] + 20] x 5/120 faults occured (regardless of the reclosing cycle).
The behaviour of the analog output has the following If the Inrush is set to NO, the unit calculates all faults. When
characteristics: a fault occurs within the maintain the distance time and
1. After a fault, it remains active during the set time (from then another fault occurs, the latest is displayed after the
0 to 3600 s) first one (if several faults occur, only the first and last faults
are displayed).
2. If another fault occurs while the current output is active
two things might happen: Regarding the distance displayed in the different protocols,
a. If the recloser is in an ongoing cycle, the current output is PROCOME allows to display the maintained fault (with the
not modified and it remains active during the whole set programmable time) or the instantaneous fault. In other
time protocols (DNP, MODBUS, 10, etc.) the instantaneous fault
b. If the recloser is not in an ongoing cycle, the current is displayed when the count number format is selected and
is deactivated during 2 minutes and then the new the maintained fault when the calculate format is selected.
calculation is displayed during the set time The distance is measured in count number format and the
The operation of the locator has a special full scale is 120 % (offset or a displacement of minus 20).
feature when the Inrush setting is selected
(“Current detection”) on the locator’s settings
screen.
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5. Automation functions
5.1. Recloser
The unit enables up to 4 reclosings. 4. Definitive trip status.

The recloser’s final situation when it has executed all of the
Different close times for phase to phase and phase to earth programmed attempts and the breaker remains open, given
faults. that it is a permanent fault. Exit from this status can only be
achieved by closing the breaker manually.
In service/out of service push-button in the keyboard.
5. Time for first, second, third and fourth closure.
Programmable security time after manual closing and after It is the waiting time after the breaker’s trip until the recloser
automatic closing. gives the closure order in each of the closure phases.
The 5 closure counters (total, first, second, third and fourth 6. Reclaim time after manual closing.
closures) are stored in non volatile memory and can be It is the time from the moment of circuit breaker manual
displayed on the display. These counters can be set to 0 by closing; during this time it is watched if there is a protection
keyboard. trip, and if this is the case, it will be continued to definitive trip
instead of to surveillance status.
Definitions 7. Reclaim time after automatic closure.

It is the time from the moment of circuit breaker automatic
1. Surveillance or rest status closing; during this time it is watched if there is a protection
trip, and if this is the case the cycle will be continued instead
2. It is the normal status, during which the recloser of moving on to surveillance.
“monitors” for the occurrence of any trips and has to
start operating. 8. Close conditions time (optional use).
3. Ongoing cycle status. It is the time margin, after a protection trip, during which
the close conditions (Reference voltage presence) must be
This status of the recloser is set throughout the entire process fulfilled to be able to continue the cycle. It is not used if there
in which it is activated from the first trip up to the closing is no input programmed as “reference voltage”.
of the breaker and the safety period has elapsed (successful
reclosing) or until all the programmed reclosings have been
unsuccessfully executed. In the first instance it moves on to
“surveillance” and in the second to “definitive trip”.
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5.1.2. Operation
The figures below represent the sequence of events for a

recloser which has been programmed for three reclosing
attempts, with TR1, TR2 and TR3 as the corresponding
reclosing times, with a reclaim Tsec, for different situations:
1. First successful reclosing
Figure 5.1. First reclosing
Once the surveillance state has been reached, a new trip

causes the start of a new cicle, restarting the reclosing 1, as
shown below:
Figure 5.2. Start of a new cicle
It may happen that a low current permanent fault causes tripping after expiring the reclaim time. In
order to avoid that, in such situation, all the reclosings become first reclosings and a definitive trip is
never reached, the reclaim time is automatically extended if there is a starting until it drops-off or trips.
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2. Second successful reclosing.
Figure 5.3. Second successful reclosing
3. Third successful reclosing.
Figure 5.4. Third successful reclosing
4. Moves onto a definitive trip after exhausting the programmed number of reclosings.
Figure 5.5. definitive trip number of reclosings
5. Moves onto definitive trip due to a trip during the reclaim time after a manual closing.
Figure 5.6. definitive trip after a manual closing
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Recloser in service YES/NO
Number of closures 0 4 1
Waiting time for the first closure, phase to phase faults [s] 0.05 600.0 0.01
Waiting time for the second closure, phase to phase faults [s] 1 600 1
Waiting time for the third closure, phases to phase faults [s] 1 600 1
Waiting time for the fourth closure, phase to phase faults [s] 1 600 1
Waiting time for the first closure, phase to earth faults [s] 0.05 90.0 0.01
Waiting time for the second closure, phase to earth faults [s] 1 600 1
Waiting time for the third closure, phase to earth faults [s] 1 600 1
Waiting time for the fourth closure phase to earth faults [s] 1 600 1
Reclaim time after automatic closing, phase to phase faults [s] 1 600 1
Reclaim time after automatic closing phase to earth faults [s] 1 600 1
Reclaim time after manual closing [s] 1 600 1
Reference voltage waiting time [s] 1 600 1
5.1.4. Trips enabling (6 tables)
Through "YES" or "NO" it is programmed for each of the 4. After the second reclosing
possible tripping conditions: 5. After the third reclosing
1. Phase timed overcurrent 6. After the fourth reclosing
2. Neutral timed overcurrent The trip disabling by this procedure is effective during the
3. Phase instantaneous overcurrent corresponding reclaim time and with the condition that
4. Neutral instantaneous overcurrent the recloser is engaged.
5. Broken conductor and current unbalance If the enabling of "trip by external protection operation" is
programmed "NO", the recloser will not consider that input
If it is enabled or not in each of the following circumstances:
during the reclaim time, and if a circuit breaker opening
1. Standby occurs for this reason, and without a trip order by their
own protection, it is considered as a manual opening and
2. After manual closing
therefore it does not proceed to reclose.
3. After the first reclosing
5.1.5. Enable of reclosings (6 tables)
By using "YES" or "NO" it will be programmed for each of the 4. Neutral instantaneous overcurrent
possible reclosings whether it is allowed or not after each 5. Broken conductor or unbalance
of the 7 possible causes of own trips seen in the previous
6. External protection actuation
section, and the trip by external protection operation.
If it is decided that that reclosing is not enabled, it will be
It may be the case that a trip command is given by several
moved on to the next reclosing analysis, until an enabled
units and the corresponding reclosing enabling criteria are
one is found or until definitive trip is reached.
not coincident. In such situation the reclosing decision will
be taken internally, depending on the specifications for the To prevent the reclosing by a determined protection
first trip (by order, not by time) analysed according to the unit, the reclosing blocking settings R1 to R4 must be
following order: programmed to "NO" from the last wished reclosing.
For example if a reclosing is not wished after phase time
1. Phase timed overcurrent
delayed trip, and the maximum number of programmed
2. Neutral timed overcurrent reclosings is 1, all reclosings (R1 to R4) after that type of trip
3. Phase instantaneous overcurrent must be programmed to "NO".
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5.1.6. Other operation characteristics
1. Recloser out of service b. Recloser locked. Active if the recloser is disengaged or if

This state is reached by pressing the push-button R on the the external recloser locking input is activated.
keyboard, or control order. All relays related to the recloser c. Closing (breaker closing order)
are de-excited. d. Definitive trip. Active while on that state
2. Definitive trip e. Cancellation of instantaneous. Active during the reclaim
time after an automatic closing. It can be used to block
Apart from the already mentioned causes, this status is
other protections (externals)
reached by trip being the recloser locked.
8. Logic inputs related to the recloser, which can be
3. Recloser locked assigned to physical inputs:
This state is reached by activation of input or logic a. Breaker status. This input is necessary for the recloser
programmed as recloser locking. The cycle is not started in operation
it and it comes out, if it was already started, moving on to
definitive trip if the circuit breaker opens by a protection trip. b. Reference voltage. It is not necessary. If it is programmed,
the recloser function demands to see closed that input to
4. Busbar voltage monitoring carry out the reclosing; not, if it is not programmed
Optionally, if a digital input is programmed as “reference c. Recloser locking. As its name indicates, it inhibits this
voltage” and a busbar connected voltage relay is applied, a automation. It is not necessary if it is not wished to use
function which prevents the breaker automatic closing will be the locking
executed if the bus bar is de-energized. The use of this input d. External protection. It can cause the beginning of a
is optional. If no input is programmed as Vref, the recloser reclosing cycle if the reclosing enablings are set to "YES"
automation does not count on the bus bar voltage condition due to the "external protection" cause. It is not necessary
to perform a closing operation.
5. Manual operation during the cycle. If the Syncrocheck function exists and if it
If during the operating cycle a manual order (or by command) is enabled, it is required that such function
is given to the circuit breaker, the recloser aborts the cycle is giving closing permission, in order to
and moves onto idle status. achieve the reclosing relay activation
6. Digital outputs related to recloser (and which can be
programmed as output relays):
a. Recloser in ongoing cycle. Active from the moment when
the circuit breaker opens by trip until the monitoring or
definitive trip status is reached.
5.2. Sequence coordination
This function aims that the recloser moves along the If, for example 3 high speed shots and 1 low speed shot have
reclosing sequence when he sees a fault being interrupted been programmed for each one, the only one which will be
by other recloser situated downstream, despite he does not active, with the 4 shots, is the downstream one. If there is
come himself to produce trips of its breaker. no coordination, the downstream one would trip 3 times,
other 3 times the upper one and one more (and definitive)
If the coordination function is enable, the recloser will move the downstream one, so that the line section between both
into running cycle when detecting a protection start-up units has been opened 3 times without reason.
after a drop-out of the protection (instead of a trip as usual)
and from that moment it will count (cyclewise) the current The only setting related to this function is the enable YES/
interruptions as own trips and the current reestablishment NO. It can be found on the screen “recloser (1)”. By keyboard/
as own reclosings. display, on the next level to “recloser”.
So, in the case of two units in series, being the downstream

one programmed with tripping times shorter than the
upper one, in front of a permanent fault even lower situated,
the unit downstream is the one carrying out effectively the
tripping and reclosing operations, but the upper one is
following him in his same cycle status.
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5.3. Reclosing after tripping by minimum frequency
After a trip by minimum frequency, if the function is enabled If the “definitive tripping waiting time” has elapsed and the
and not locked, the unit tries only one reclosing. reclosing conditions have not been met, it goes to definitive
tripping if “definitive tripping waiting time” is set to “YES”. If
When the unit trips, the recloser moves onto ongoing cycle it is set to “NO”, it remains waiting for reclosing conditions
and waits the programmed closing time; in that moment, indefinitely.
if the minimum frequency condition is set as “NO” or if the
frequency is higher than the minimum programmed, the There is a reclaim time after the closure, if during that time
close command is given to the breaker. If the minimum a new trip by minimum frequency happens, it moves to
frequency condition is set as “YES” and it is not fulfilled, it definitive trip.
moves to definitive trip.
Setting the recloser out of service by command or by
The signal 79 f-switch/circuit breaker closing blocking is locking by digital input affects both this operating mode
active until the reclosing or definitive tripping conditions and the trip by current operating mode.
are met.
5.3.2. Settings

Enable YES/NO
Min. freq. Condition to reclose YES/NO
Min. frequency to reclose 40 70 0.01
Closing time [s] 1 1000 1
Reclaim time [s] 1 300 1
Enable definitive tripping waiting time YES/NO
Definitive tripping waiting time [s] 0 86 400 1
Reclosing condition Min. Voltage YES/NO
Reclosing value Min. Voltage. [V] 0 200 0.1
Table 5.2. Settings
Note: This type of operation is used from version “AD” of the CPU’s FW.
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5.4. Special recloser to operate with protections with single-pole trip
The recloser can be in one of the following 3 statuses: 3. In service, single-pole mode. This status is reached by
control command or by digital input activation (if there
1. Out of service. This status is reached by Control is any programmed for that function, which is optional).
command or by command of the protection console. It Its operation is the following one:
does not reclose.
a. The ongoing cycle starts by actuation of the ekor.rps
2. In service, three-pole mode. This status is reached by itself or by activation of the “three-pole trip” input or by
control command or by command of the protection activation of the “general single-pole trip” input.
console or by activation of digital input (if there is any b. In the first two cases, the operation is the same as in the
programmed for that function, which is optional). Its case of the “three-pole mode” (the same times and closure
operation is the same to the standard in the ekor.rps conditional on the closure permission).
protections except for the next aspects: c. If the first trip is single-pole, the closure time and the
a. The ongoing cycle will start by actuation of the ekor.rps reclaim time can be different of those for the three-pole
itself or by activation of the “three-pole trip” input. The trip (other settings) and the close command (which is
inputs programmed as “general single-pole trip” are not three-pole) is given without taking into account the
looked at. synchrocheck function.
b. The close command is conditioned to the input d. The closure permissions after trip programmed for “trip
programmed as “closure command” to be closed. This by external protection” are applicable to both the “three-
input must be wired up to the output of a unit that pole trip” and the “single-pole trip”.
executes the Synchrocheck function. e. It is considered that in a cycle of closures there can only be
c. The closure permission after trip programmed for “trip by one single-pole and if there is, it must be the first one. The
external protection” are applicable to the “three-pole trip”. second and subsequent are always three-pole. So unlike
the closure and reclaim times for three-pole trips, that are
4, there is one only closure time and one reclaim time for
the single-pole trip.
5.5. Syncrocheck
The synchronism checking or “Synchrocheck” function The conditions to be closure permission are of two types:
(function 25) is used to make the breaker closure conditional
to the compliance of the conditions established by setting. 1. Undervoltage permission. It is given permission if
Two digital outputs can be programmed as “closure there is no voltage in one or both sides of the breaker,
permission” and “synchronism failure” (their status is always according to the following settings:
opposite), which are used in the operation circuit of the a. Permission if there is no voltage in A nor in B (YES or NO)
close coil or as a signal for a closure automation function, b. Permission if there is no voltage in A but there is in B (YES
if there is any. or NO)
c. Permission if there is no voltage in B but there is in A (YES
This function can be disabled (by setting or by digital input), or NO)
in which case there will always be closure permission. It is considered that there is no voltage in one side of the
breaker when the voltage measured is lower than the value
The function compares the voltage signals of the same
programmed as “minimum voltage” for that side.
phase at both sides of the breaker (that we will call A and
B). The unit compares directly the voltages received by its In case there is voltage in both sides the function that acts is
analogue inputs, that is, the values of the secondary of the the “synchronism permission”.
voltage measurement transformers. It is supposed that the The analysis of the undervoltage conditions is only carried
transformation ratio of these is the same in the busbar and out if the synchrocheck function is enabled, that is, it is not an
in the line. There is no correction factor for the case in which undervoltage protection (type 27) but an auxiliary element
they are different. to allow the closure in certain conditions, in which the
comparison between the busbar and the line voltages would
not give permission. As said before, if the Synchrocheck
function is disabled, the closure permission is given.
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2. Synchronism permission. It is given permission if We stress that this permission is referred only to the
during a programmable time, the following conditions synchrocheck function; so she is only the one that controls
are simultaneously fulfilled: the “closure permission” relay. It must not be confused with
“closure”, which is a relay controlled by closure commands
a. Difference between VA and VB lower that the programmed
(digital input or command).
value.
b. Difference in phase angles lower than the programmed The function does not take into account the breaker status,
value. that is, it can give closure.
c. Difference in frequencies lower than the programmed As control signals we can find the following ones: Voltage
value. difference, frequency and angle and Syncrocheck locked (by
Each one of these three conditions can be enabled or not. If it input, setting).
is not, it gives permission.
If there is a relay programmed as “closure permission”, it gets
activated when the described conditions are fulfilled; this way
any closure can be locked if that relay is used as locking of the
manual command.
5.5.2. Settings

Enable YES/NO
Minimum voltage in side A [V] 10 200 1
Minimum voltage in side B [V] 10 200 1
Undervolt. permission enable “No A, No B” YES/NO
Undervolt. permission enable “No A, B” YES/NO
Undervolt. permission enable. “No B, A” YES/NO
Voltage difference condit. enable YES/NO
Voltage difference [V] 2 90 1
Frequency difference condit. Enable YES/NO
Frequency difference [Hz] 0.05 2 0.01
Angle difference condit. Enable YES/NO
Angle difference [º] 5 50 1
Conditions fulfilling time [s] 0 100 1
Table 5.3. Settings
5.6. Close locking with presence or absence of voltage
Inhibition by voltage presence on the line side. It tries to 2. It adds new signals of presence and absence of voltage
lock the closing if there is voltage on the line side. So that, on side A and on side B and these signals can be taken
the FW version presents the following changes: to the recloser locking signal through a logic. The added
signals are the followin:
1. It adds a condition to the synchronism, so that, if the
a. Voltage presence on side A
units that look at the parameter differences (module,
b. Voltage presence on side B
angle and frequency) are disabled the undervoltage
unit criterion is taken as a decision to allow or not the c. Voltage absence on side A
closing. d. Voltage absence on side B
Example: Enable the synchronism and set only permission for Example: If side A voltage is lower than the absence (used
“Yes side A-No side B” and “No side A-No side B” disabling the in the synchronism) side A voltage absence signal will be
permissions by difference of module, angle and frequency. activated; if the presence setting is exceeded, the absence
In that situation the undervoltage criterion prevails over the one is deactivated and the presence one is activated.
differences of shape, which does not allow the closing, if there
is voltage on side B.
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5.7. Automation function for distribution substations
5.7.1. Unloaded springs automation functions
1. It is composed of: signal is generated and a timer starts according to "spring

a. “Springs unloaded” digital input loading time" setting. If before exceeding this time the input
b. “Open springs” digital output is deactivated, the lock is deactivated. If the time is exceed
c. "Spring loading time" setting (0.1 to 100 s)
with no opening, "open springs" digital output is activated,
a PROCOME signal of “unloaded springs alarm” is given and
Operation: When the "springs unloaded" digital input is the lock is kept. The alarm and locking do not disappear till
activated an internal “closing locking by unloaded springs” the input is deactivated.
5.7.2. Voltage presence
It is not an automation function in it, but a control signal. 2. Operation: When the highest of the phase to phase
To give the “voltage presence” control signal (1, presence, voltages exceeds the presence threshold, control word
0 absence), the higher phase-to-phase voltage must be bit is set to 1, when it falls below the absence threshold
within some o preset values, as: it is set to 0.
1. There are three settings referred to "voltage presence”

a. Phase to phase rated primary voltage (kV)
b. Voltage absence threshold (% of the rated one)
c. Voltage presence threshold (% of the rated one)
5.7.3. Lockings
Opening locking. The open order is not given by command, Closing opening. The open order is not given by command,
input or push-button, if the breaker is seen as open (but it input, push-button or recloser, if the breaker is seen as
can be given by protection trip, regardless how it is seen). close. The order will be neither given if there is a “locking
by unstretched springs”. If when a reclosing has to be done,
there is that locking, there is a definite trip.
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6. Other settings
6.1. Programming of logic outputs
The user can configure up to 15 logic outputs, called "logic As it can be observed in the definition of a logic output
1" to "logic 15", which can be assigned to relays, as well intervene the following elements:
as to LEDs, locking inputs, signals to be registered on the
disturbance recorder, etc. It is also possible to configure 1. Up to 16 signals among the available ones (or their
generate internal commands be programming these logics negated ones), forming an OR function.
in the “command configuration” console screen. 2. Up to 16 signals among the available ones (or their
negated ones), forming an AND function.
The programming of the logic outputs can be only done
3. An OR or AND function (programmable) of two previous
through the protections console, not by keyboard/display,
function`s results.
from the basic available signals, consigned in the Appendix
"available signals" (as many of them correspond to optional 4. A programmable time delay ("delay") to activate the
functions, not every model will contain all of them). The output.
programming procedure is described in other document: 5. A programmable time for the duration of the output
The protections console manual. activation.
The logic signals can be generated according to the The delay time is the time length since there is a logic 1
following scheme. at the exit of the logic ports until the corresponding logic
output is activated. If during this time the "1"dissapeared,
(opcional)
NOT the output could not be activated. It can be programmed
between 0 and 599.9 s, with steps of 0.1 s.
1 OR
OR
2 3
T T
4
AN D
1 AN D
1 Logical signals available

2 Delay
3 Duration
4 Logic output
Figure 6.1. Logical signals
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The pulse time (duration) is the time during which the logic
signal remains active. Its programming allows two options:
1
1. "By logic": After the delay, the output is active as long 4
as there is a 1 at the programmed logic output. 1
2. "By time": The time during which the output is active
2 3
is programmed, so that once expired the output is
deactivated, independently from the state of the 4
programmed logic output. Only a new step from 0 to 1
activates the output again, after the delay.
The time range goes from 0.1 s to 599.9 s, with steps of 0.1 s.
Tdelay = 1 s.
A logic output "i" can be used as available signal for Duration = "by logic"
Programming of output DO7: Logic 1
programming input of other logic signal "j" or of itself.
A very simple application sample: It is wished that the digital 1 Input DI6
output DO7 follows to the digital input DI6, with a delay of 1 s. 2 Delay
3 Duration
Another example of logical applications (fuse blow up
4 Logic output 1
function): There are in a table (table 1) a curve that trips in
quick time, and another one (table 2) that trips in a longer Figure 6.2. Application 1. Timed output
time. Logic 7 will be programmed: 79 I-T. 2nd reclosing security.
, T delay = 0.0 s and duration = 0.5 s. Then in “command
configuration” screen LOG 7 will be programmed, which
activates “table 2 activation”. So, after 2nd reclosing the active
table, in which the trip is slower, is changed. In order to go back
to the initial situation (table 1) logic 8 will be programmed:
(79 I - recl. On standby) OR (79 I - intens. definitive trip ) OR (79
I-. Intens. recloser locked) T delay = 0.0 s and duration = 0.5
s Then, in “command configuration”, LOG 8, which activates
“table 1 activation” will be programmed.
6.2. Selectivity logic functions
SSelectivity logic functions can be done by using the 3. Directional retrolocking: FF AND not (FR) AND not
“Instantaneous inhibition” input, which locks the trip, but (breaker failure)
not the pick up of the units 50/50N/50Ns/67NA and/or the 4. Non-directional retrolocking: (Pick up of 50, 50N, 50Ns)
following digital signal: AND not (breaker failure)
1. FF = Forward fault: It picks up the 50 or 50N or 50Ns or 5. Prelocking: FR AND not (FF) AND not (breaker failure)
67NA and the corresponding directional sees the fault 6. Pretrip: (FF AND (Trip by 50/50N/67NA) AND not (DI
forwards. The unit 50 does not have to be directional locking)) OR (FF AND (trip by 51/51N))
2. FR = Reverse fault: It picks up the 50 or 50N or 50Ns or 7. Retrotrip: (FR AND (Trip by 50/50 N/67NA) AND not (DI
67NA and the corresponding directional sees the fault locking)) OR (FR AND (Trip by 51/51N))
backwards. The unit 50 does not have to be directional.
6.3. Measurements chronological record
The settings corresponding to measurement chronological

record are detailed in the section“measurement chronological
report” in the chapter “data adquisition function”.
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7. data acquisition functions
7.1. Events reports
The list of events which can be generated by the protection 2. Current protection
(if it has the corresponding functions, which are optional in a. Timed unit pickup phase A
many cases) is indicated as follows. Each event comes along b. Timed unit pickup phase B
with his date and time and his phase and neutral currents. c. Timed unit pickup phase C
The protection saves in non volatile memory a queue of 400
d. Instantaneous unit pickup phase A
events, retrievable from the PC.
e. Instantaneous unit pickup phase B
Non maskable events f. Instantaneous unit pickup phase C
g. Activation of output of timed unit phase A (trip)
1. Activation table 1
h. Activation of output of timed unit phase B
i. Activation of output of timed unit phase C
j. Activation of output of instantaneous unit phase A
4. Activation table 4 k. Activation of output of instantaneous unit phase B
5. Activation table 5 l. Activation of output of instantaneous unit phase C
6. Activation table 6 m. Timed unit pickup neutral
7. Change settings table 0 n. Instantaneous unit pickup neutral
8. Change settings table 1 o. Activation of output of timed unit neutral
9. Change settings table 2 p. Activation of output of instantaneous unit neutral
10. Change settings table 3 q. Phase unbalance timed unit pickup
11. Change settings table 4 r. Phase unbalance instantaneous pickup
s. Activation of output of phase unbalance timed unit
12. Change settings table 5
t. Activation of output of phase unbalance instantaneous
13. Change settings table 6 unit
14. Recloser out of service u. Broken conductor unit pickup
15. Recloser in service v. Activation of output of broken conductor
16. Relay out of service w. Breaker failure
17. Relay in service x. Trip circuit failure
18. Relay off y. Close circuit failure
19. Relay on z. Exceeded the maximum (set limit) of the circuit breaker
supervision accumulator
Maskable events aa. Overflow (numeric limit) of the circuit breaker supervision
accumulator
1. Communications
a. Local mode (acts from keyboard/display)
b. Local mode (acts through front port)
c. Remote mode (acts through rear port)
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3. Overvoltage protection: b. Deactivation of digital input xx (1 to 17)

a. Timed unit pickup phase A 6. Recloser
b. Timed unit pickup phaseB a. External locking of the recloser
c. Timed unit pickup phase C b. External unlocking of the recloser
d. Instantaneous unit pickup phase A c. No reference voltage
e. Instantaneous unit pickup phase B d. Reclosing order
f. Instantaneous unit pickup phase C e. Definitive trip
g. Activation of output of timed unit phase A (trip) f. Recloser in idle
h. Activation of output of timed unit phase B g. Recloser in ongoing cycle
i. Activation of output of timed unit phase C 7. Command
j. Activation of output of instantaneous unit phase A a. Excessive number of trips
k. Activation of output of instantaneous unit phase B b. Breaker closing
l. Activation of output of instantaneous unit phase C c. Breaker opening
4. Undervoltage protection: d. Breaker close command (control message or input)
a. Timed unit pickup phase A e. Breaker open command (control message or input)
b. Timed unit pickup phase B f. Close command failure
c. Timed unit pickup phase C g. Open command failure
d. Instantaneous unit pickup phase A 7. Self-checking
e. Instantaneous unit pickup phase B a. Critical Hardware error
f. Instantaneous unit pickup phase C - Converter reference voltage error
g. Activation of output of timed unit phase A (trip) - Converter error
h. Activation of output of timed unit phase B - FLASH memory recording error
i. Activation of output of timed unit phase C - Relays activation error
j. Activation of output of instantaneous unit phase A - SPI communication error (between micro and DSP)
k. Activation of output of instantaneous unit phase B b. Non critical Hardware error
l. Activation of output of instantaneous unit phase C - Clock synchronization error
5. Inputs c. Hardware error corrected
a. Activation of digital input xx (1 to 17)
7.2. fault records
The protection stores in non volatile memory a queue of 12. Fault active and reactive power
the 20 last faults retrievable from the PC with the following 13. Reclosing number where the fault has occured
information.
14. Type of fault and type of trip: 3 letters code made by
1. Available units the characters combinations A, B, C, N y D, depending
on tripping by phase, neutral or unbalance-broken
2. Units tripped during fault
conductor. Example: ACN is a two phase to earth fault
3. Units picked up during fault between phases A and C and earth
4. Fault starting date and time (first picked up unit) 15. Pre-fault phase A current (module and angle)
5. Tripping date and time (first picked up unit) 16. Pre-fault phase B current
6. Fault ending date and time (when the trip signal 17. Pre-fault phase C current
disappears)
18. Pre-fault neutral current
7. Current cleared by circuit breaker (maximum of phase
currents detected between the moment of the tripping The pre-fault currents and voltages are simultaneous, and
order and the breaker opening) they are those existing 3 cycles before the pick-up.
8. Settings group active during the fault
1. Phase A fault current (module and angle)
9. Frequency
2. Phase B fault current
10. Fault distance
3. Phase C fault current
11. Pre-fault active and reactive power
4. Neutral fault current
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The 4 fault currents are simultaneous, and they are the ones Besides they are kept in non volatile memory, and they are
existing at the moment of the trip order. retrievable through keyboard /display, the following data
corresponding to the last 10 faults:
1. Phases (A, B and C) pre-fault voltages (module and
angle) 1. Tripped phases
2. Phases (A, B and C) pre-fault voltages (module and 2. Maximum phase and neutral currents during fault
angle) 3. Date and starting and ending time of the fault
The 4 fault voltages are simultaneous to the fault currents.
1. KI/KI2/KI2T (depending on the setting) per phase
7.3. Measurements
7.3.1. Measurements at the secondary
They are measurements referred to the fundamental 13. I2/I1 negative sequence component in %
component, which are the ones used by the protection
functions: The phase current values in this screen are
absolute values, this is without the sign.
By keyboard/display
Note about the maximeter. The maximeter
shows the maximum value of the average
1. Phase A current (module in amperes and angle in
degrees) value during a specific time interval, of
the three phase average current. The
2. Phase B current " "
time interval is that programmed as” time
3. Phase C current " "
window for samplings” in the “measurement
4. Neutral current " " historical” setting. The detailed operation is
5. Sensitive neutral current the following one: Every second the three
6. Phase A simple phase voltage (module in Volts and angle phase average current is calculated and it is
in degrees) accumulating; when an interval is over, the
7. Phase B simple phase voltage ( " " ) accumulated value is divided by its number
8. Phase C simple phase voltage ( " " ) of seconds; thus the average value of this
9. Average simple phase voltage ( " ") interval is obtained. If this value is higher
10. Neutral voltage than the one in the maximeter, it is actualize
with the new value, taking note of the date
11. Frequency (in Hz)
and time when it has been obtained.
12. Current maximeter (in amperes)
Through PC (protections console)
They are on the first of the "status" screens. All the angles are referred to the simple phase voltage of
phase A.
1. Phase A current (module in amperes and angle in degrees)
2. Phase B current
The phase current values in this screen are
3. Phase C current
4. Neutral current
5. Phase A to earth voltage (module in volts and angle in
degrees)
6. Phase B to earth voltage
7. Phase C to earth voltage
8. Current maximeter (in amperes)
9. Voltage and current direct, inverse and zero sequences
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7.3.2. Measurements at the primary
By keyboard/display Through PC (protections console)
Phase A current (in amperes) 1. They are on the first of the "measurements" screens
2. Phase A current (module in amperes and angle in
1. Phase B current " "
degrees)
2. Phase C current " "
3. Phase B current
3. Neutral current " "
4. Phase C current
4. Phase A simple voltage (in kV)
5. Neutral current
5. Phase B simple voltage ( " " )
6. Neutral sensitive current
6. Phase C simple voltage ( " " )
7. Current maximeter (in A)
7. Average simple voltage ( " " )
8. Date and time corresponding to the maximeter
8. Compound voltage VAB (in kV)
9. Phase A simple voltage (module in kV and angle in
9. Compound voltage VBC ( " " ) degrees)
10. Compound voltage VCA ( " " ) 10. Phase B simple voltage
11. Average compound voltage ( " " ) 11. Phase C simple voltage
12. Neutral voltage 12. Compound voltage VAB (in kV)
13. Active total power [MW] 13. Compound voltage VBC ( “ “ )
14. Reactive total power [MVAr] 14. Compound voltage VCA ( “ “ )
15. Apparent total power [MVA] 15. Average compound voltage ( “ “ )
16. Active power by phase (only valid if the simple voltages 16. Frequency
are connected)
17. Active total power [MW]
17. Reactive power by phase (only valid if the simple
18. Reactive total power [MVAr]
voltages are connected)
19. Apparent total power [MVA]
18. Power factor
20. Active power by phase (only valid if the simple voltages
19. Active energy counter (positive)
are connected)
20. Active energy counter (negative)
21. Reactive power by phase (only valid if the simple
21. Reactive energy counter (positive) voltages are connected)
22. Reactive energy counter (negative) 22. Average power factor
23. Date and time of the counter setting to 0 23. Power factor by phase (only valid if the simple voltages
24. Frequency (in Hz) are connected)
25. Current maximeter (in A) 24. Active energy counter (positive)
26. Total power maximeter 25. Active energy counter (negative)
27. Power by phase maximeter (only valid if the simple 26. Reactive energy counter (positive)
voltages are connected) 27. Reactive energy counter (negative)
28. Harmonics distortion factor in IA, IB and IC (in %) 28. Date and time of the counter setting to 0
29. Harmonics distortion factor in VA, VB and VC (in %) 29. Harmonics distortion factor in IA, IB and IC (in %)
30. The harmonic distortion factors are given as the ratio 30. Harmonics distortion factor in VA, VB and VC (in %)
between the fundamental and the result of considering
31. The harmonic distortion factors are given as the ratio
the harmonics 1 to 15
between the fundamental and the result of considering
the harmonics 1 to 15
The phase current values in this screen are
absolute values, this is without the sign. The phase current values in this screen are
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7.4. Measurements historical report
The protection keeps in non volatile memory a queue of the accumulated value is divided into the window number
400 historical measurement records, retrievable from a PC of seconds, in order to obtain he average value. When the
(protections console). programmed register interval is over, the maximum and
minimum values of the measurements obtained in this
Each record includes the maximum and minimum average interval are registered.
currents, the maximum and minimum average single
voltages and the maximum and minimum active, reactive The register interval is automatically synchronised with he
and apparent power (computed within a programmable clock, so if 15 minutes are programmed, 4 registers will be
time window) detected during an also programmable done every tour, that is at 0, 15, 30 and 45 minutes.
register period. The currents are secondary amperes, and
the voltages are secondary volts. Calendar mask operation:
The operation detail is the following: Every second, the If the setting "mask disabled” is at "YES" the register is done
current (three phase average) values, the voltage (three everyday of the week. If it is at "NO" what is programmed
phase average) values, and the power values are added to for each day has to be taken into account. If one day it is at
their respective accumulators; when the time screen is over “YES” it is registered, if it is “NO” it is not registered.
7.4.2. Settings range (6 tables)

Time window for average [min] 1 15 1
Historical register interval [min] 1 1.440 1
Calendar mask Monday to sunday YES/NO
Mask disables YES/NO
Register start time 0 24 1
Register end time 0 24 1
Table 7.4. Settings range
7.5. Statistical data
The same information can be obtained by keyboard/display 3. Breaker openings counter (by tripping or by manual
or through PC (screen "statistical data"): opening)
4. kI2 sum (square kA interrupted by each breaker pole)
1. kI2 sum (square kA interrupted by each breaker pole)
5. Equipment start counter (only per display)
2. Automatic reclosing counters:
a. First reclosing All these counters can be set to 0, and the kI2 sum set to the
initial value programmed as setting.
b. Second reclosing
c. Third reclosing Besides, through PC we can see counter breaker openings
d. Fourth reclosing by trip or manual.
e. Total
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7.6. Protection status
7.6.1. By keyboard/display
It can be seen:
1. Date and time of the relay

2. Status of each of the digital inputs: Open (A) or closed (C)
7.6.2. Through PC (protections console)
On the "status" screens, apart from the measurements 3. On the screen 3

already mentioned, it is possible to see: a. Units tripped on the last trip
b. Command orders
1. On the screen 1
c. Circuit breaker supervision status
a. Date and time of the relay
d. Closing and trip circuit supervision status
b. Active table
2. On the screen 2
a. Protection units picked up at the present moment
b. Protection units tripped at the present moment
7.7. Oscillograph data recorder
It has a capacity of 1200 cycles, being programmable the Each record can be started by a rising slope of each of the
number of cycles per perturbation, so, if, for example, 40 digital signals considered by the protection model.
cycles/register are registered, there is space for 30 registers.
If 120 cycles/register is registered there is space for 10, The analogical channels are sent to the console multiplied
etc. The number of cycles previous to the pick up is also by the transformation ratio so that they appear on primary
programmable between 1 and 100. On each record there values. The number of samples per analogical channel cycle
are up to 9 analogical channels registered and up to 32 is 32.
digital channels which can be chosen from a list selected
from the available signals.
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General instructions Other functions
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8. Other functions
8.1. Time setting and synchronization
8.1.1. Time setting
It can be done from the keyboard/display (within "change

settings") or from the protection console (screen 1 "status").
8.1.2. Synchronization
There is an input for synchronization demodulated by it shows corresponds to PPS (Pulse per second) coinciding
IRIG-B demodulated (see section “IRIG-B input” in “technical with the mesh reference mark of the mesh.
characteristics”). This system allows the time assignation
to events between connected devices to be synchronized On integrated control systems (SIPC) the unit is synchronized
with a 1 ms margin. periodically (every minute) by the substation control Unit
(UCS).
The IRIG-B time code is a mesh generated once a second.
The code used is B 003, in which the mesh is constituted In this case there will be no use in making a time change
by a pulse train with TTL levels of variable widths. The time by keyboard or protection console, as this will be soon
eliminated by the UCS.
8.2. Control messages
The protection responds to the following control messages 6. Commands for relays and specified digital signals
7. Statistical data request
1. Measurements, changes and counters request
2. Digital status request The measures transmitted are the ones programmed
3. Clock synchronization among the following. The order in which they are sent is
also programmable. The programming is done through the
4. Counter freezing
protection console SIPCON/P.
5. Statistical data initialization commands
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Other functions General instructions
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Nr. Bytes Format Specification Data

2 Word PROCOME Vr * 1.2 VA module
2 Word PROCOME Vr * 1.2 VB module
2 Word PROCOME Vr * 1.2 VC module
2 Word PROCOME Vr * 1.2 VAVERAGE module
2 Word PROCOME √3*Vr * 1.2 VAB module (compound voltage)
2 Word PROCOME √3*Vr * 1.2 VBC module (compound voltage)
2 Word PROCOME √3*Vr * 1.2 VCA module (compound voltage)
2 Word PROCOME √3*Vr * 1.2 VCAVERAGE module (compound voltage)
2 Word PROCOME Vr * 1.2 Vn module (neutral)
2 Word PROCOME Vr * 1.2 V module Syncrocheck
2 Word PROCOME 1.2 [A] IA module*
2 Word PROCOME 6 [A] IA module**
2 Word PROCOME 1.2 IB module*
2 Word PROCOME 6 IB module**
2 Word PROCOME 1.2 IC module*
2 Word PROCOME 6 IC module**
2 Word PROCOME 1.2 IAVERAGE module*
2 Word PROCOME 6 IAVERAGE module**
2 Word PROCOME 1.2 In module*
2 Word PROCOME 6 In module**
2 Word PROCOME 1.0 Ins module (sensitive)*
2 Word PROCOME 6 Ins module (sensitive)**
2 Word PROCOME 1.0 Ina module (isolated)*
2 Word PROCOME 6 Ina module (isolated)**
2 Word PROCOME 1.2 Current maximeter*
2 Word PROCOME 6 Current maximeter **
2 Word PROCOME 3 * Vr * 1.2 * 1.2 P (active power)*
2 Word PROCOME 3 * Vr * 1.2 * 6 P (active power)**
2 Word PROCOME 3 * Vr * 1.2 * 1.2 Q (reactive power)*
2 Word PROCOME 3 * Vr * 1.2 * 6 Q (reactive power)**
2 Word PROCOME 3 * Vr * 1.2 * 1.2 S (apparent power)*
2 Word PROCOME 3 * Vr * 1.2 * 6 S (apparent power)**
2 Word PROCOME 70 Frequency
2 Word PROCOME 70 Frequency Syncrocheck
2 Word PROCOME 1 Phase A power factor
2 Word PROCOME 1 Phase B power factor
2 Word PROCOME 1 Phase C power factor
2 Word PROCOME 1 Average power factor
2 Word PROCOME 100 Distortion in IA
2 Word PROCOME 100 Distortion in IB
2 Word PROCOME 100 Distortion in IC
2 Word PROCOME 100 Distortion in VA
2 Word PROCOME 100 Distortion in VB
2 Word PROCOME 100 Distortion in VC
2 Word PROCOME 100 Average distortion in current
2 Word PROCOME 100 Average distortion in voltage
2 Word PROCOME 100 Distorsión media en tensiones
2 Word PROCOME 1.2 Zero sequence current
2 Word PROCOME 6 Zero sequence current
2 Word PROCOME 1.2 Positive sequence current
2 Word PROCOME 6 Positive sequence current
2 Word PROCOME 1.2 Negative sequence current
2 Word PROCOME 6 Negative sequence current
* With standard ratings. Continued on next page
** With specified ratings.
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Continuation
N° Bytes Formato Specification Data

2 Word PROCOME Vr * 1.2 Zero sequence voltage
2 Word PROCOME Vr * 1.2 Positive sequence voltage
2 Word PROCOME Vr * 1.2 Negative sequence voltage
2 Word PROCOME 100 (%) Distance to fault
2 Word PROCOME 100 (°) Unit temperature
286 (source 125/220 Vdc)
2 Word PROCOME Vdc measurement
62.4 (source 24/48 Vdc)
2 Word PROCOME 4095 Total number of openings 52
2 Word PROCOME 4095 Reclosing counter
2 Word PROCOME 4095 Counter 1st reclosing
2 Word PROCOME 4095 Counter 2nd reclosing
2 Word PROCOME 4095 Counter 3rd reclosing
2 Word PROCOME 4095 Counter 4th reclosing
2 Word PROCOME 4095 Number of openings 52 per trip
2 Word PROCOME Vr * 1.2 * 6 P (active power) phase A
2 Word PROCOME Vr * 1.2 * 6 P (active power) phase B
2 Word PROCOME Vr * 1.2 * 6 P (active power) phase C
2 Word PROCOME Vr * 1.2 * 6 Q (reactive power) phase A
2 Word PROCOME Vr * 1.2 * 6 Q (reactive power) phase B
2 Word PROCOME Vr * 1.2 * 6 Q (reactive power) phase C
2 Word PROCOME 3 * Vr * 1.2 * 6 P (maximum active power)
2 Word PROCOME 3 * Vr * 1.2 * 6 Q (maximum reactive power)
2 Word PROCOME Vr * 1.2 * 6 P maximum phase A
2 Word PROCOME Vr * 1.2 * 6 P maximum phase B
2 Word PROCOME Vr * 1.2 * 6 P maximum phase C
2 Word PROCOME Vr * 1.2 * 6 Q maximum phase A
2 Word PROCOME Vr * 1.2 * 6 Q maximum phase B
2 Word PROCOME Vr * 1.2 * 6 Q maximum phase C
2 Word PROCOME 40 [A] I last fault phase A*
2 Word PROCOME 200 I last fault phase A**
2 Word PROCOME 40 I last fault phase B*
2 Word PROCOME 200 I last fault phase B**
2 Word PROCOME 40 I last fault phase C*
2 Word PROCOME 200 I last fault phase C**
2 Word PROCOME 40 I last fault phase neutral*
2 Word PROCOME 200 I last fault phase neutral**
2 Word PROCOME 1 I last fault sensitive neutral*
2 Word PROCOME 10 I last fault sensitive neutral**
2 Word PROCOME 4095 kI2 sum pole A
2 Word PROCOME 4095 kI2 sum pole B
2 Word PROCOME 4095 kI2 sum pole C
2 Word PROCOME Vr * 1.2 * 20 Impedance Module
* With standard ratings.

** With specified ratings.
Table 8.1. Phase current values
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The background scale indicated corresponds to a count Therefore, in the worst case scenario, where only one signal
number of 4095. changes in each queue record, the queue contains the latest
400 digital changes occured in the equipment. This number
The digital signals concerned (changes and states) are increases considerably if more than one signal changes
designated as “available signals” in the corresponding within the same millisecond, which is very usual.
appendix. With any protocol, it can be programmed which
signals are going to be sent and with which number. The statistical data initialisation commands make possible
setting 0 the reclosing counters, the energy counters, the
There is a changes queue with 400 records. The signals maximeter and setting the initial value programmed as
changes, which are sent via the PROCOME protocol, are sum kI2.
extracted from these records.
The command orders in any protocol can be programmed
Each record contains the digital signals which have changed among the following ones:
within the same millisecond.
This is, if the status of 10 digital signals changes within the
same millisecond, this change only takes one queue record.
Whereas, when sent via communications, they turn into 10
independent changes.
Action ISC Default (in PROCOME)

Open breaker programmable 22
Close breaker programmable 24
Activate any relay from 1 to 14 (pulse) programmable 1 a 14
Set recloser out of service programmable 28
Set recloser in service programmable 26
Table 1 activation programmable 60
Set in local programmable not programmed
Set in telecommand programmable not programmed
Phase instantaneous locking programmable not programmed
Phase instantaneous unlocking programmable not programmed
Neutral instantaneous locking programmable not programmed
Neutral instantaneous unlocking programmable not programmed
Phase time locking programmable not programmed
Phase time unlocking programmable not programmed
Neutral time locking programmable not programmed
Neutral time unlocking programmable not programmed
Sens. Neutral inst locking programmable not programmed
Sens. Neutral inst unlocking programmable not programmed
Sens. Neutral time locking programmable not programmed
Sens. Neutral time unlocking programmable not programmed
Phase inst. locking H1 (high level) programmable not programmed
Phase inst. unlocking H1 (high level) programmable not programmed
Neutral inst. locking H1 (high level) programmable not programmed
Neutral instant. unlocking H1 (high level) programmable not programmed
Phase instant. locking H2 (2nd group) programmable not programmed
Phase instant. unlocking H2 (2nd group) programmable not programmed
Neutral instant. locking H2 (2nd group) programmable not programmed
Neutral instant. unlocking H2 (2nd group) programmable not programmed
Phase time locking H2 (2nd group) programmable not programmed
hase time unlocking H2 (2nd group) programmable not programmed
Continued on next page
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Continuation
Neutral time locking H2 (2 group)
nd programmable not programmed
Neutral time unlocking H2 (2nd group) programmable not programmed
Sens. Neutral instant. locking H2 (2nd group) programmable not programmed
Sens. Neutral instant. unlocking H2 (2nd group) programmable not programmed
Isolate neutral locking programmable not programmed
Isolate neutral unlocking programmable not programmed
Directionality locking programmable not programmed
Directionality unlocking programmable not programmed
Time unbalance locking programmable not programmed
Time unbalance unlocking programmable not programmed
Instantaneous unbalance locking programmable not programmed
Instantaneous unbalance unlocking programmable not programmed
Open Broken locking programmable not programmed
Open Broken unlocking programmable not programmed
Breaker failure locking programmable not programmed
Breaker failure unlocking programmable not programmed
Phase locking zone 2 programmable not programmed
Phase unlocking zone 2 programmable not programmed
Phase locking zone 3 programmable not programmed
Phase unlocking zone 3 programmable not programmed
Neutral locking zone 2 programmable not programmed
Neutral unlocking zone 2 programmable not programmed
Neutral locking zone 3 programmable not programmed
Neutral unlocking zone 3 programmable not programmed
Neutral locking programmable not programmed
Neutral unlocking programmable not programmed
Sen. Neutral locking programmable not programmed
Sen. Neutral unlocking programmable not programmed
Phase locking programmable not programmed
Phase unlocking programmable not programmed
Open counter initialize programmable not programmed
Recloser initialize programmable not programmed
Trip counter open init programmable not programmed
Power max. init programmable not programmed
Recloser locking programmable not programmed
Recloser unlocking programmable not programmed
Voltage locking programmable not programmed
Voltage unlocking programmable not programmed
Freq. recloser locking programmable not programmed
Freq. recloser unlocking programmable not programmed
Min. freq locking programmable not programmed
Min. freq unlocking programmable not programmed
Max. freq locking programmable not programmed
Max. freq unlocking programmable not programmed
df/dt locking programmable not programmed
df/dt unlocking programmable not programmed
Pole A kI2 sum init. programmable not programmed
Pole B kI2 sum init. programmable not programmed
Pole C kI2 sum init. programmable not programmed
Output 1 permanent act programmable not programmed
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Continuation
Deactivate output 1 programmable not programmed
Act. output 1 local console programmable not programmed
52 breaker open console local programmable not programmed
52 breaker close console local programmable not programmed
Recloser on duty console local programmable not programmed
Recloser FS console local programmable not programmed
Set telemando console local programmable not programmed
Cold load blocking programmable not programmed
Cold load unblocking programmable not programmed
Sequence coordination blocking programmable not programmed
Sequence coordination unblocking programmable not programmed
Instantaneous blocking programmable not programmed
Instantaneous N and Ns blocking programmable not programmed
Instantaneous N and Ns unblocking programmable not programmed
Protection functions blocking
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Continuation
Protection functions unblocking
Command 1
Command 2
Command 3
Command 4
Command 5
Command 6
Command 7
Command 8
Table 8.2. Command orders
So that the locking/unlocking commands to be effective, they must be enabled by setting (see unit
configuration–enabling pushbuttons and lockings by commands).
By counters request it will be respond with the following

information:
Nº Bytes Format Specification Data

4 Long Absolute value Positive active energy counter [W+]
4 Long Absolute value Negative active energy counter [W-]
4 Long Absolute value Positive reactive energy counter [VAR+]
4 Long Absolute value Negative reactive energy counter [VAR-]
Table 8.3. Respuesta a la petición de contadores
The absolute value sent are "impulses", whose correspondence factors", in the PC on the same screen of general settings, and
with kWh and kVArh is established in the settings "measuring by keyboard/display in "program table 0" - "correction factor".
8.3. Mando local/remoto
The unit can be in local or remote (tele-control) mode. In short:

1. Unit in local status:
The transition from the one to the other can be made
through the push-button “ ” on the front panel (pressed a. It admits commands by digital input.
b. It admits commands from front plate pushbuttons (if
at the same time as the “ ”, next to him), or by digital enabled by settings).
input, if there is one programmed for that purpose. The
c. It admits output activation commands, breaker activation,
operation is alternative, this means that each time the input ES/FS recloser, finished in “local” to be used from the local
is pressed or activated (rising slope) the status is changed. console.
The control keys for closing (“ ”) and opening (“ ”) d. It does not admit the remaining commands.
on the front panel are only operative on the Local mode. e. It admits the change command to remote.
They have to be pressed at the same time as “ ” to be 2. Unit in remote status:
effective, in order to avoid unwished operations. a. It admits commands by digital input.
The control commands described in the previous section b. It does not admit commands from front plate pushbuttons.
are only operative on the remote mode, except the last c. It does not admit the local console commands ( those
ones, which finish with the word “local” and which are only finished in “local”).
operative in local status. d. It admits the remaining commands.
e. It admits the CHANGE command to local.
The opening and closing commands by digital input (if they
are programmed) are as much operative on the local mode When the unit starts, it always happens on the “remote” mode.
as on the remote (to make possible the operation from
Command pushbuttons located in the front of relay
contacts activated by a remote station).
only are active if the configuration setting “push-button
enabling” is set as “command”.
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8.4. Commands by keyboard and front push-buttons
If by keyboard/display in “pushbuttons”-“enab. Push-button type row (confirmation) can be programmed

pushbuttons”, “functionals” has been programmed; at “NO”, so the command is immediately executed, or at
commands can be executed from the keyboards and from “YES”, so confirmation is requested via display which is
the pushbuttons of the unit front part. validate by pushing “Intro”; if confirmation is not wished,
push “ESC”.
Programming which command is executed with each key/
push-button is carried out through the console, in the Several commands can be programmed for a single key,
screen “commands configuration”. and they are sequentially executed (up downwards).
In the first row, there appear all the keys that can be used; If it has been programmed as “functionals” each key that is
with ON and OFF indications, as they work as a two-state, pushed, is considered a control signal.
and when changing the state, the programmed command
is executed. These push-buttons are only active in local mode, except
for the “L/R” push-button. When this push-button is in
The pushbuttons execute the programmed when pushing remote mode and the ”local mode” or “remote mode” orders
them (the difference with the command “open”, “closer”, etc. are programmed ON or OFF, the unit switches into local.
lays in the fact that “ ” has to be pushed at the same time Therefore, the other function push-buttons are active.
in order to execute them). The keys execute the commands
when pushing them at the same time as key “↑” .
8.5. Power supply supervision
It is only available in those models with this option. This The agony signal is activated when the power supply is
function detects the voltage drop of the power supply under below the detection level corresponding to the supply
the level that guarantees the correct displaying of the digital type. In such a situation the protection:
input states. This function is enabled by setting (configuration
settings), but the limits for the detection are fixed according 1. Is set out of service
to the selection of the power supply (see model coding): 2. Generates hardware error and low supply signals
3. Marks as invalid the logic signals and digital inputs
Power supply Detection level
125/220 Vdc 84 V
24/48 Vdc 17 V
8.6. External supply supervision
It is only available in those models with the option “battery 1. Power supply higher than the maximum threshold. If
voltage measurement” the supply voltage exceeds the set maximum threshold
2. Power supply lower than the minimum threshold. If
This function checks that the external power supply voltage
the supply voltage is lower than the set maximum
is within the set margin. It generates two signals:
threshold
The settings for this function son:
Setting Min Max Step Remarks

Enable YES/NO
Minimum threshold [V] 20 220 1
Maximum threshold [V] 24 280 1
Table 8.4. Setting
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8.7. Temperature supervision
This function checks that the unit temperature d is within 2. Temperature lower than the minimum threshold. If the
the set margin. It generates two signals: temperature is lower than the set maximum threshold.
1. Temperature higher than the maximum threshold. If

the temperature exceeds the set maximum threshold.
The settings for this function son:
Setting Min Max Step Remarks

Enable YES/NO
Minimum threshold [º] - 40 0 1
Maximum threshold [º] 50 100 1
Table 8.5. Setting
8.8. Test mode
To carry out this test, the PROCOME signals and commands Commands: In test mode, the remote control commands
simulator program needs to be executed. When this are not executed. They are sent to the simulator program
program is run, the text “test mode” appears on the 2nd line instead, which has to recognise them.
of the display. This program allows to simulate PROCOME
digital signals, commands, measurements and counters. Measurements and counters: In test mode, the latest real
measurements and counters are sent to remote control
Digital signals: At the start of the test mode the signals and simulator. This value is frozen and can only be changed
sent to remote control and simulator are the real ones. This from the simulator program. When exiting the test mode,
program allows to change the values of the digital signals. the equipment sends the real measurements and counters
In Test Mode only the signals fictitious changes, and not to remote control.
the real ones, are sent to remote control. When exiting the
test mode, the equipment sends all changes from the latest When exiting the simulator program, the equipment exits
state of the fictitious and the reals signals to remote control. the test mode and then the unit reference is displayed
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Operation mode General instructions
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9. Operation mode
9.1. Through keyboard/display
9.1.1. Introduction
The purpose of the keyboard/display is the local push-buttons, and the view of settings, measures and faults
introduction to the unit of settings and commands, through through display.
9.1.2. Elements of the keyboard/display unit
Normal push-buttons Push-button R
They are 15, signalized as ↑, ↓. , INTRO, ESC, and the (This key is active if the special setting “R KEY Blocking” is
numbers from 0 to 9. set to ”NO”).
It sets the recloser “in service” or “out of service”, depending

Push-button “↓” on the status in which the recloser was when the key
R was pressed (given that the setting "recloser enable"
It is the only push-button accessible with the protection corresponding to the active chart is set to "YES"). If the
cover on. recloser was out of service the R key pressing followed by
Intro enables it and disables it if it was already enabled.
By successive pushing the following information starts to
appear:
Display
1. Digital inputs status
2. Phase A current (primary A) It is alphanumerical, liquid crystal type and has 2 rows of 16
3. Phase B current columns each.
4. Phase C current
5. VAB voltage (primary kV) LEDs
6. VBC voltage
They are 8, which can be programmed to show some of the
7. VCA voltage
statuses indicated in the section "programming of LEDs".
8. Active power [MW]
9. Reactive power [MVAr]
10. Power factor
11. Information on the last fault
a. Phases involved
b. Fault current in phase A
c. Fault current in phase B
d. Fault current in phase C
e. Fault current in neutral
f. Fault start date and time
g. Fault end date and time
h. Fault acknowledgement (press 2 s and release). Turn the
trippingde LEDs off
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9.1.3. Operating mode
General Description Change settings
Up to the last level of the menus everything works in

The display shown when inactive can be programmed
the same way as by See settings and magnitudes (same
in every display just by placing on it and pressing
functions for same keys).
simultaneously the keys “↵ (Intro)” & “ESC (Escape)”.
To access to this function it is necessary to press the key
At any time of the process which is described below, the
“↑↑↓↓”. Through this all settings and initializations are
pressing of the key “ESCAPE” takes the unit to the menu
made accessible, except the ones contained in the section
element of the immediately precedent level.
"protection definition". The key “↑↓↵” is necessary to get
The menus will be run downwards or upwards with the keys access to these.
“↓“ and “↑“, and they are circular this means that after the
In the last level of the menus, where the name of the settings
last position, the first will return again.
we want to change appear, the keyboard operation is different
Generally, when a menu is run, the first line of the display from the one we have explained until now.
shows the active function, which can be entered by pressing
When entering into each group to change the settings
INTRO, and in this way we can reach the next menu level (if
which are included (final menu), the keyboard operation
there is any), specific for that function.
will be as it follows:
The menu tree to visualize or change settings within each
1. Numerical settings. The first line of the display shows
group is hierarchical. If at resting status (title) we press
the name of the selected setting followed by its current
INTRO, we will reach the first element of the following menu:
value. The line 2 shows the text NEW followed by the
SEE TIME current setting range, which can be changed by using
SEE ACTIVE TABLE the numerical keyboard.
INPUTS To change the setting range we use the numerical keyboard,
MEASUREMENTS along with the . The new range has to be literally entered,
STATISTICAL DATA this means that if we wish to enter the new value of 3.2, the
LAST FAULTS key 3 will have to be pressed, then the key followed by
the key 2. If the value is non valid, when entering “INTRO” to
SEE SETTINGS
access to the next setting, a warning message will be shown
CHANGE SETTINGS on the line 2 indicating INVALID VALUE. A valid value will have
The complete hierarchy of menus and submenus is pictured to be entered to be able to access the next setting within the
group, by pressing “INTRO”. The pressing of “ESC” within the
in the appendix I (volume 2).
final menu takes us to the menu element which we came
from, without making effective the changes we have made
Using the keyboard/display until the moment of pressing.
The changes are made effective when at the moment of
reaching the last group setting and pressing “INTRO”, we
See Settings and magnitudes receive the message VALIDATE SETTINGS and press “INTRO” to
validate the changes; if we validate them by pressing “INTRO”,
With the keys “↑“ and “↓“ we can move inside each menu or we would return to the next element of the menu above
submenu (as shown above) up or down, as the menus are (see menus chart). By pressing “ESC” we return to the menu
circular. element from which we reached the actual state.
By pressing “INTRO” we enter the next menu level. If there 2. Non numerical settings. There are settings such as the
is no submenu by pressing “INTRO” the display state does enabling settings, where it must be chosen between
not change. YES or NO, ON and OFF. There are also calendar masks
which can be enabled every other day, there are time
The pressing of “ESC” takes us to the immediate upper level delayed curves with a certain name, inputs and outputs
of the menu, this means, the one from which we reached configurations etc. where is more clear to select them by
the actual status. their name rather than by introducing their numerical
value.
In the final menus, which are the ones with no submenus
(settings), the group setting name, selected by keyboard,
appears on the first line and on the second line its current
value.
IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 139

Operation mode General instructions
ekor.rps
Whenever possible and clear, on the line 1 the name of the d. "COUNT. ENERGY = 0?" if pressing “INTRO" all active and
setting will appear along with a text indicating the actual reactive counters are set to 0.
value. On the second line it will gradually appear the possible e. "RESET QUEUES?"; if pressing "INTRO" all queues of events,
values to choose for this setting, if we use the keyboard faults, historic and oscillograph data records.
properly. We use the key “↑” to go through the different
possibilities we have on each state. In the case of inputs,
Change of active table
outputs or leds configuration we can use the keys “↑ “ and “↓“
to select the configuration of each of them; we do it this way In the first level of "CHANGE SETTINGS", pressing "INTRO"
because there are many configurations to choose from and when by "ACTIVATE TABLE" appears "TABLE 1"; with the
this makes it quicker.
arrows ↑ and ↓ we can go on to "TABLE 2", “TABLE 3” and
By pressing “INTRO” we access to the next setting within the "TABLE 4". When the aimed one is reached, press "INTRO" to
group, if there is any, and if there is not any we validate the activate it.
value chosen on the line 2. This means, in groups with an only
element, the validate option, present in the different groups
with more than one element, will not appear. In these cases, Display view of the last 10 faults
there is no need to confirm the validation, if we want to leave
the setting as it was, we press “ESC” and the setting does not When entering the last faults menu there are 10 submenus
change. with the following text:
In the case of inputs, outputs, leds configuration, the pressing
of “INTRO” takes us from configuring the input/output/led i to FAULT Nr. n
configuring input/outputs/led i + 1. The same occurs with the DATE HOUR
inputs mask and the calendar mask which runs through the
days of the week by each pressing of “INTRO”; within each day
“yes” and “no” can be chosen with the arrow “↑“. Fault 1 is the newest and 10 the oldest.
As for the numerical settings, the pressing of “ESC” takes us Entering any of them by pushing INTRO the corresponding
to the menu element from which we reach the actual status.
fault data can be seen.
Initializations and special settings.
When entering fault 1 the fault can be recognized (switch
Within the first submenu of "Change settings" we find the
off leds, etc.). But not in the rest of the faults.
option: "INITIALIZE COUNT, MAXIM, kI2" which requires a
particular explanation. When pushing ESC you can go back to the previous level.
By pressing "INTRO" in "INITIALIZE" we come to:
a. "CLOSURE COUNT. = 0?” if pressing INTRO the total and Display view of the last fault
partial reclosing counters and the trip counters are set to
0, and it goes on to the next question; if we do not want When a trip occurs, the fault report start appears on the
to set them to 0 we press “↓” or “ESC”. display. So if pushing INTRO you can dispose all the data.
b. "MAXIMETER = 0?" if pressing INTRO the maximeter is set
to 0. If the fault is recognized or ESC is pushed you go to the first
screen with the relay description.
c. "SUM kI2 = INIT?" if pressing INTRO the accumulator takes
the setting value corresponding to the table indicated by
the active table.
9.2. Through the PC
The protection relays ekor.rps can be monitored by PC. In The ekor.rps program, protection console developed by
this way, it is possible to have access to a view of the system Ormazabal is named SIPCON.
measures and settings and their programming.
140 IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16

General instructions Reception, storage, installation and tests
ekor.rps
10. Reception, storage, installation and tests
10.1. Reception and storage
The protections are supplied in special packing material for If the protection is not going to be used immediately, it
transport. should be stored in its original packaging and in a dry and
dirt free place.
Upon reception, they should be checked for any signs of
external damage caused during transport; if so the transport The units transport must be made in its original packaging.
firm and manufacturer should be contacted.
The material received should also be checked to see if it

coincides with the order number.
10.2. Connecting procedure
The protection connecting procedure should be carried

out in accordance with the enclosed external connection
diagram. It is a general diagram; the programming of inputs
and outputs should be taken into consideration in each
specific case.
10.2.1. Power supply
The polarity is indifferent.
10.2.2. Earth connection
It is important for the earth connection to be correctly should be as short as possible (less than 25 cm) using
connected, in order for the protection disturbance rejection multiwired cable with a 4 mm2 cross-section.
devices it incorporates to operate properly. The connection
10.2.3. RS232 cable connections to be used between the PC and the ekor.rps unit
Case 1: A 25 pin PC output connector. Case 2: A 9 pin PC output connector.

ekor.rps side PC side ekor.rps side PC side
male 9 pin socket female 25 pin socket male 9 pin socket female 9 pin socket
RxD 2 2 TxD RxD 2 3 TxD

TxD 3 3 RxD TxD 3 2 RxD
GND 5 7 GND GND 5 5 GND
DSR 6 20 DTR DSR 6 4 DTR
RTS 7 8 CD RTS 7 CD
CTS 8 5 CTS CTS 8 8 CTS
CD 1 4 RTS CD 1 7 RTS
DTR 4 6 DSR DTR 4 6 DSR
IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 141

Reception, storage, installation and tests General instructions
ekor.rps
10.3. Unit addressing
See “Communications configuration” section.
10.4. Commissioning
The ekor.rps protections are received with the default to guarantee its accuracy in all of the setting points of the
settings stipulated in the factory. different parameters. However, it is convenient to test some
points during reception and commissioning, in order to
Before commissioning they must be set, by means of the ensure it is totally in proper operating condition.
keyboard/display and/or PC, with the correct values for the
application, following the setting procedures. Once the line is connected the real measurements the relay
is carrying out can be displayed, thus enabling you to check
The protection has been checked at the factory in order for proper connection and operation.
142 IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16

Ormazabal
Subject to change
Protection &
without prior notice.
Automation
For further information,
IGORRE
contact Ormazabal.
Spain
www.ormazabal.com

Ekor - RPS: Multifunctional Protection Unit Volume 1 of 3

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Ekor - RPS: Multifunctional Protection Unit Volume 1 of 3

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ekor.

1. General description....................................................6 3.3. Programming of LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 3

4.6.2. Phase directional by sequences (67) . . . . . . . . . 63 4.15. Undervoltage protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

4 IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16

5. Automation functions........................................... 112 8. Other functions...................................................... 129

5.1. Recloser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 8.1. Time setting and synchronization . . . . . . . . . . 129

7. data acquisition functions.................................... 123

7.1. Events reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 5

1.1. Scope of the manual

1. Protection j. Frequency protection: Maximum (81 M), minimum (81 m),

f. Voltage controlled overcurrent (50/51

6 IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16

4. Data acquisition 5. Other characteristics

1.3. Model coding

DD: Model DC + 59 + 27 + 47 + 59N + 81 O/U + 81R + 25

For all of them, the 79 function is optional.

IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 7

Model coding: For models with two communication ports,

Figure 1.1. Model coding

8 IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16

See transformer arrangement examples in the wiring diagrams.

Table 1.1. Transformer arrangement

IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 9

1.4. User interface

10 IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16

1.5. Hardware configurations

IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 11

1.6. Environmental conditions

1. Operating temperature: - 10 up to 55 °C

1.7.1. Electrical tests

1.7.2. Environmental tests

1.7.3. Mechanical tests

12 IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16

1.9. Wiring diagrams

T6 (VA) General trip

SD4 Ground trip

Figure 1.2. nb and cr models

IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 13

T6 (VA) General trip

SD4 Ground trip

14 IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16

T6 (TA) General trip

17 SD4 Ground trip

IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 15

Power supply Vdc

SD4 Neutral trip

16 IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16

Power supply Vdc

SD4 Neutral trip

SD5 Not configured

SD6 10 Not configured

52 status 2 ED1 ED9 18

Figure 1.6. db model (cod. DB **1*****00)

IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16 17

T6 (VA) General trip

SD5 Not configured

Figure 1.7. db model with polarization by 67N current (cod. DB **1*****10)

18 IG-150-EN version 04; 03/10/16

T6 (VA) General trip

SD4 Neutral trip

Figure 1.8. dc Model (cod. DC **1*****00)

f. Voltage controlled overcurrent (50/51 

Figure 1.6. db model (cod. DB 1***00)

Figure 1.7. db model with polarization by 67N current (cod. DB 1***10)

Figure 1.8. dc Model (cod. DC 1***00)

Figure 1.12. ib, ic models (cod. I* 1***00)