Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Education Planning and Administration: Dr. Radhika Kapur
Education Planning and Administration: Dr. Radhika Kapur
Education Planning and Administration: Dr. Radhika Kapur
Introduction
Besides the stages of education, there have been different kinds of education
such as early childhood care and education, adult education, distance education,
continuing education, formal education, informal education, primary education,
special needs education, lifelong learning, secondary education, tertiary education
and so forth. All kinds of education need to be appropriately planned, organized
and administered; procedures have to be followed in order to formulate curriculum
and instructional methodologies, teaching methods, policies, rules and regulations
of the educational institutions, technological requirements etc. In other words, the
area of education does require scheduling, arrangement, direction and
management; therefore, it is essential to understand education planning and
administration.
Education Planning
In education planning and administration, there are the following points that
need to be taken under consideration: (Martin, 2009).
The main objective of the leaders, the school and the educators is that the
students should learn and perform well within the school when they come; for this
purpose, they are taught all the aspects which are necessary such as discipline,
obedience, control, motivation, dedication and how to put in all the hard work so
that they could give their best. In order to accomplish the desired aims and
objectives, there has to be initiative and the feeling of inventiveness on both the
sides of the leaders as well as the students. In the recent past, as notions of school
leadership have increasingly emphasized learning and school improvement, ideas
about leadership assessment have emphasized leaders’ performance and results
rather than qualities and characteristics; aimed at ascertaining how well leaders and
their performance meet criteria defined by professional bodies and by the policy;
served influential as well as cumulative purposes, often aiming at leaders’ learning
and further development; and assumed that leaders’ work was dependent on
perspective and could be best understood in relation to particular kinds of
organizational and community contexts (Mezzacappa, Holland, Willen, Colvin &
Feemster, 2008).
Ways of Preventing School Dropouts
The educational institutions need to devise measurements and ways to
prevent the students from dropping out of schools. These ways have been
stated as follows: (Balfanz, 2007).
1. The schools should provide the students with good education, including
academics, extracurricular activities, good civic engagement and
personalized attention should be paid by the teachers towards all students so
that they are able to learn more and correct their flaws and deficiencies.
2. It is essential to formulate appropriate norms, standards, policies, rules and
regulations within the schools and students should be taught how to abide by
them. In other words, it is essential to inculcate the sense of discipline
amongst them.
3. Within the schools, the educators should not be insensitive and unforgiving
towards the students. Even negative feedback should be provided to them in
a constructive manner, students should possess academic/cognitive skills,
social-emotional supports and behavioral expectations that they need to
succeed at each level of schooling.
4. The behavioral conduct of the teachers and the school environment should
be approachable so that the students do not indoctrinate amongst themselves
the attitude of disinterest and vulnerability. Learning should be a joyful
experience for the students.
5. In order to succeed in pursuance of an educational program, it is essential to
be able to read well. For this purpose, high quality pre-k programs should be
available for them; secondly, a series of reading benchmarks should be
established. When students encounter difficulties in reading benchmarks it
results in decrease in student-teacher ratio, hence to prevent dropouts it is
necessary for the teacher to provide one-to-one instruction to the students so
that they develop interest and enthusiasm.
6. High poverty environmental conditions develop the feelings of insecurity
and cause stress and tension in the lives of young students. Schools have to
be recognized by the students as places where they are safe and enjoy
learning different kinds of lessons.
7. Within the educational institutions, there should be a balance between
academics and extra-curricular activities. Schools should be full of activities
like singing, dancing, games, sports, artworks, drawing, painting, craft
activities so that the children obtain pleasure from learning and attending
schools.
8. The class size should be limited and should not be too large, because in
larger classes, more students will require extra attention and the teachers
might get overwhelmed; therefore, the teachers should wisely adopt methods
to have class size reductions to prevent dropouts. In high poverty areas, class
size reductions can lead to a 10% reduction in the dropout rate.
9. Schools should formulate financial assistance programs for at least
outstanding students so that they do not dropout on the basis of their
financial crisis. Scholarships, financial assistance, loans and grants are ways
that could help in retaining the students who drop out because of financial
problems. Providing transportation facilities to the students who reside at a
distance can also be a remedy to preventing dropouts.
10.Students with special needs or the ones who face difficulties in a particular
area such as mathematics or science should be provided with extra classes
and attention so that they overcome the barriers that they are undergoing in
their educational program.
Professional Values and Personal Commitments of all Teachers
To enhance teaching leadership, it is important to be professional and
proficient in all aspects. A personal commitment has been rendered towards the
intellectual, ethical, personal growth and well being of all the learners. In the area
of teaching leadership, the following are the points that are at the core of
professional values and personal commitments of being a teacher: (SLM, 2012).
For the effective functioning of the institutions, proper rules and policies
should also be formulated for instance, prohibition of harsh treatment on the part of
the teachers towards the students, availability of stipends, scholarships and
financial assistance for girls and capable students, equity and no discrimination
between students on the basis of caste, religion, gender, ethnicity, race, or
socioeconomic background. Certain rules are also essential in case of teaching-
learning methods such as completion of homework assignments on time allotted to
the students by the teachers, avoiding plagiarism and academic dishonesty,
speaking and communicating with each other in a polite manner, showing respect
and gratitude towards the instructors and not being indecorous towards anybody. In
the planning and administration of the education sector, the main functions of
controlling, organizing, directing, leadership and management have to be
implemented with respect to the educational institution. Finally, it can be stated
that the main objective of the educational institution is making provision of
education to the students, leading to their progress and development as they are the
future citizens of the country, therefore, main emphasis has to be laid upon the
quality of education and other proceedings and events such as extracurricular
activities and so forth so that learning becomes pleasurable for the students and
they enjoy coming to school.
Bibliography
Aggarwal, Y.P., & Thakur, R.S. (2003). Concepts and Terms in Educational
Planning A Guidebook. Retrieved
September 16, 2016 from
http://www.dise.in/Downloads/Reports&Studies/Concepts%20and
%20terms%20in%20educational%20planning.pdf