A to

Z
Grammar &

Vocabulary

COMPILED BY:
AZURAWATI BAHARI
SISC+ PPD HULU PERAK
 Grammar & Vocabulary Notes

FOREWORD

This booklet is exclusively compiled for the use of English

Language Teaching. It is meant for teachers to use in teaching
and learning session (T&L). Teachers are welcomed to adapt
and adopt the materials in this book. Thank you for using this
booklet.

Yours Sincerely,
Azurawati Binti Bahari
Pegawai SISC+
PPD Hulu Perak
March 2020

SISC+ PPDHUP: AZURAWATI BAHARI

 Grammar & Vocabulary Notes

Auxiliary Verbs
(Verb to-be, Verb
to-do, Verb to-
have)
Emotion Verbs
(Hate, Like,
Love, Dislike) Action Verbs

TYPES OF
VERB

Auxiliary Verbs
Verb-To-Be Verb-To-Do Verb-To-Have
Singular (Present Tense) is does has
‘I’ only am
do have
Plural (Present Tense) are
Singular(Past Tense)
was
‘I’ only did had
Plural (Past Tense) were

ACTION VERB

Regular Verbs Irregular Verbs

Example: call -> called Example: eat -> ate

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 Grammar & Vocabulary Notes

TABLE OF VERBS
ROOT
SIMPLE SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS 3
WORD/ SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE PAST PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
PAST FUTURE TENSE
BASE PARTICIPLE
TENSE TENSE
WORD SINGULAR PLURAL SINGULAR PLURAL SINGULAR PLURAL
wake wakes wake woke woken will wake is waking are waking was waking were waking
bathe bathes bathe bathed bathed will bathe is bathing are bathing was bathing were bathing
were
brush brushes brush brushed brushed will brush is brushing are brushing was brushing
brushing
eat eats eat ate eaten will eat is eating are eating was eating were eating
drink drinks drink drank drunk will drink is drinking are drinking was drinking were drinking
wear wears wear wore worn will wear is wearing are wearing was wearing were wearing
walk walks walk walked walked will walk is walking are walking was walking were walking
run runs run ran run will run is running are running was running were running
learn learns learn learned learned will learn is learning are learning was learning were learning
were
study studies study studied studied will study is studying are studying was studying
studying
talk talks talk talked talked will talk is talking are talking was talking were talking
are were
speak speaks speak spoke spoken will speak is speaking was speaking
speaking speaking
listen listens listen listened listened will listen is listening are listening was listening were listening
play plays play played played will play is playing are playing was playing were playing
read read read read read will read is reading are reading was reading were reading
write writes write wrote written will write is writing are writing was writing were writing
were
watch watches watch watched watched will watch is watching are watching was watching
watching
act acts act acted acted will act is acting are acting was acting were acting
were
stand stands stand stood stood will stand is standing are standing was standing
standing
sit sits sit sat sat will sit is sitting are sitting was sitting were sitting
are were
prepare prepares prepare prepared prepared will prepare is preparing was preparing
preparing preparing
cut cuts cut cut cut will cut is cutting are cutting was cutting were cutting
wash washes wash washed washed will wash is washing are washing was washing were washing
are were
dream dreams dream dreamed dreamed will dream is dreaming was dreaming
dreaming dreaming
were
sleep sleeps sleep slept slept will sleep is sleeping are sleeping was sleeping
sleeping

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 Grammar & Vocabulary Notes

 Time is divided into present, past and future time. Tenses indicate time and
sequence of tenses indicate when an action / actions took place.
PAST PRESENT FUTURE

P. Per. P. Per. S. P P. Con Pr. Per Pr. Per. S. Pr Pr. Con Fu. Per S. Fu Fu. Con
7 Con 2 5 6 Con 1 4 3

1. Simple Present Tense 5. Past Continuous Tense

2. Simple Past Tense 6. Present Perfect Tense
3. Simple Future Tense 7. Past Perfect Tense
4. Present Continuous Tense

Tenses Time Example

Simple Present Tense
1. (subject) + (sing. pre. tense every day, often,
verb) + (details) usually, sometimes,  She studies every day.
always, rarely, seldom,  He usually goes to
2. (subject) + (plu. pre. tense hardly, every week. school at 7.00 a.m.
verb) + (details)
 She studied History last
Simple Past Tense yesterday, last night,
night.
(subject) + (past tense verb) + two hours ago, just now,
 He went to school
(details) in 2010, last week.
yesterday.
 She will study
Simple Future Tense tomorrow, soon, in
Geography tomorrow.
(subject) + (will) + (base form 2020, next year, next
 He will go to school next
verb) + (details) week, in the future
year.
 She is studying at the
Present Continuous Tense at the moment, now,
moment.
(subject) + (am/is/are) + right now, at present,
 He is still going to
(verb+ing) + (details) presently, currently, still
school.
 She was studying when
her mother entered the
Past Continuous Tense
room.
(subject) + (was/were) + while, when, as
 He was going to school
(verb+ing) + (details)
when his bicycle broke
down.
 She has studied English
Present Perfect Tense since, for, recently,
for 12 years.
(subject) + (has/have) + already, just, yet, ever,
never  He has gone to school
(participle verb) + (details)
since 7 years old.

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 Grammar & Vocabulary Notes

 After she had studied

Mathematics, she ate 5
Past Perfect Tense
her lunch.
(subject) + (had) + (participle after, before, as soon as
 Before his friend came
verb) + (details)
to his house, he had
gone to school.

The Use of Tenses in Sentences:

 THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

1. To show habitual action.
 She eats breakfast every day.
 She does not eat breakfast every day.

2. To describe fact / general statement.

 The moon is round in shape.
 The moon is not square in shape.

3. To give instruction / command.

 Please close the door.
 Please do not close the door.

 THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE

1. To talk about an action that began and ended in the past.
 They went to the mall yesterday.
 They did not / didn’t go to the mall yesterday.

 THE SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE

1. To talk about future action.
 He will go to Ipoh next week.
 He will not go to Ipoh next week.

 THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

1. To talk about something that is happening or in progress at the time of speaking.
 She is reading a book at the moment.
 She is not reading a book at the moment.

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 Grammar & Vocabulary Notes

 THE PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

1. To talk about an action that was in progress at the time in the past. 6
 She was reading a book when her friend called her.
 She was not reading a book when her friend called her.

 THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

1. To describe an action, activity or situation that ended a short time ago. The time
is not specified. Use words like just, already, lately and recently.
 The artist has painted a picture lately.
 The artist has not painted any pictures lately.

2. To describe an action, activity or situation that started in the past and continues
up to the present. Use words like since, for, so far, up to now, never, ever, still,
yet.
 I have known Siti for ten years.
 I have not known Siti yet.

3. To connect the result of a past action to the present.

 Someone has stolen her purse.

 THE PAST PERFECT TENSE

1. To talk about an earlier completed action that began in the past before another
action took place. Use words like after, before, when, as soon as, by the time.

Action which took place first
After Rozi had bought a magazine, …
She had gone out …
He had washed the dishes…
Before I had finished eating, …
As soon as he had locked the door, …
When he had made the fire, …
Action which took place later
… she went home.
… by the time her friend arrived.
… before he went to bed.
… the lights went out.
… he put the keys under the mat.
… he cooked some food.

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 Grammar & Vocabulary Notes

Personal Pronouns Reflexive Possessive Interrogative

Subject Object Pronouns Pronouns Pronouns
I Me Myself Mine What
We Us Ourselves Ours Who
You You Yourself Yours Whose
Yourselves
He Him Himself His Which
She Her Herself Hers Whom
They Them Themselves Theirs
It It Itself Its

Indefinite Pronouns
Refer to persons or things in a general way, but do not refer to any person or thing in
particular.

 Everybody
 Nobody
 Anybody
 Somebody *use with singular form of verb, even though
 Someone the subject (noun) is in plural form.
 Anyone
 Everyone
 No one
 None

Example of sentences:
1. Everybody comes to school early.
2. Nobody comes to school early.
3. Anybody comes to school early?
4. Somebody comes to school early.
5. Someone comes to school early.
6. Anyone comes to school early?
7. Everyone comes to school early.
8. No one comes to school early.
9. None of the students comes to school early.

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 Grammar & Vocabulary Notes

Personal Pronouns
8
(as the subject of the verb) (as the object of the verb)
I Me
My mother and I come to school. My mother comes to school with me.
You You
You come to school. I come to school with you.
He Him
He comes to school every day. I come to school with him.
She Her
She comes to school every day. I come to school with her.
It It
The cat sleeps on the sofa. It has yellow The cat sleeps on the sofa. Who let it
fur. sleeps there?
We Us
We come to school every day. They come to school with us.
They Them
They come to school every day. We come to school with them.

Possessive Pronoun
 It is used to show owning or having something of your own.

Point of View Singular Plural

First person Mine Ours
Second person Yours Yours
Third person His, Hers Their

Example of sentences:
1. I have a dictionary. It is mine. √
I have a dictionary. It is my dictionary. √
I have a dictionary. It is mine dictionary. X
2. That is your ring. It is yours. √
That is your ring. It is yours ring. X
3. My sister and I have a cat. It is ours. √
4. My sister and I have a cat. It is our cat. √
My sister and I have a cat. It is ours cat. X

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 Grammar & Vocabulary Notes

Reflexive Pronoun
 Reflexive pronouns end in –self / -selves. 9
 They are used when the subject and object is the same person.

Singular reflexive pronoun Plural reflexive pronoun

Myself
Yourself Yourselves
Herself Themselves
Himself Ourselves
Itself
Oneself

Example of sentences:
1. I go to school by myself.
2. You go to school by yourself.
3. She goes to school by herself.
4. He goes to school by himself.
5. The cat plays by itself.
6. One should have confidence in oneself.
7. All of you should clean the room by yourselves.
8. We go to school by ourselves.
9. They go to school by themselves.

Demonstrative Pronouns
 It is used to point out an object or a person.
 It is used to refer to something or someone.

Singular Demonstrative Pronoun Plural Demonstrative Pronoun

This These
(to point thing that is nearby) (to point things that are nearby)
Example: This is my bag. Example: These are my bags

That Those
(to point thing that is far away) (to point things that are far away)
Example: That is my bag. Example: Those are my bags.

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 Grammar & Vocabulary Notes

10

1. Question Words

 Question words are used at the beginning of sentences.

Question Words is used to …

ask about people and things
WHAT
Example: What do you think we should do about this?
ask about places
WHERE
Example: Where is the nearest petrol station?
ask about time and dates
WHEN
Example: When is the big day?
ask about people
WHO
Example: Who is going to the party?
ask about something that belongs to someone
WHOSE
Example: Whose handbag is this?
ask about people as objects
WHOM
Example: Whom did you talk to just now?
ask about people and things when there is a choice
WHICH
Example: Which restaurant do you want to go to?
ask for a reason
WHY
Example: Why didn’t the man hit the thief?
ask about the way something is done
HOW
Example: How do we go to the National Library?

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 Grammar & Vocabulary Notes

2. Question Tags 11
 Question tags are used at the end of sentences.

 She is a beautiful girl, isn’t she?

 The building is very tall, isn’t it?
ISN’T
 The cat is sleeping, isn’t it?
 The boy is quite dirty, isn’t she?
 They are swimming in the pool aren’t they?
 The students are eating at the café, aren’t they?
AREN’T
 The puppies are hiding under the table, aren’t they?
 I am late to school, aren’t I?
 The can be hung there, can’t it?
CAN’T  You can help me, can’t you?
 She can swim very well, can’t she?
 The teacher will be in class today, won’t she?
WON’T
 They will watch the football match, won’t they?
 Muthu likes eating bananas, doesn’t he?
DOESN’T
 He enjoys reading novels, doesn’t he?
 Sam should keep his room clean, shouldn’t he?
SHOULDN’T  They should finish their work, shouldn’t they?
 We should take this road, shouldn’t we?
 Mimi has taken the book, hasn’t she?
HASN’T  The car has broken down, hasn’t it?
 It has started to rain, hasn’t it?
 She did manage to buy tickets, didn’t she?
DIDN’T
 You did bring my books back, didn’t you?

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 Grammar & Vocabulary Notes

12

 Adjectives describe words.

 They give additional information about a noun or a pronoun.

1. Can be used before a noun.

i) She has a beautiful umbrella.
ii) He is a handsome man.

2. Can be used after a noun.

i) The umbrella is beautiful.
ii) The man is handsome.

Order of Adjective

Opinion/ Value Shape Age/ Temperature Colour Origin Material

Pretty slim young Caucasian
A pretty slim young Caucasian ballerina.

Opinion/ Value Shape Age/ Temperature Colour Origin Material

big old red wooden
A big old red wooden cupboard.

Example of sentences:
1. There is a Malay old man standing in front of my house. X
There is an old Chinese man standing in front of my house. √
2. This is a blue small book. X
This is a small blue book. √

3. That is an old big shady tree. X

That is a shady big old tree. √

4. He is a tall Indian handsome boy. X

5. He is a handsome tall Indian boy. √

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 Grammar & Vocabulary Notes

13

 Conjunctions are used to join words.

1. Words that have the same function (and, both, as well as)
 Ali and Ahmad are siblings.
 Both Julia and Zarina are prefects.
 Mazuin can dance as well as Suhaila.

2. Words that have a choice (or, neither, either)

 Would you like an apple or orange?
 Either John or Jim will go to the party.
 Neither John nor Jim will go to the party.

3. Words to show opposite or contrasting ideas (but, although, even though, while,
yet)
 He is still young but he is mature.
 I was studying while my brother listening to music.
 I will help Lina even though she never helps me before.
 Although Maria is rich, she never satisfied with her wealth.
 Maria is rich, yet she never satisfied with her wealth.

4. Words to show or give reason (because, since, for, as)

 I could not come because it was raining yesterday.
 She studies hard for she wants to be a lawyer.
 Switch off the fan since it is a cold day.
 Clap your hand as you dance.

5. Words to show result (that)

 The book was so interesting that I could not stop reading.

6. Words to show condition (if, unless, until)

 You have to pay the fee if you want to join the club.
 We won’t play netball until the court is dry.
 I will not come out unless I finish my homework.

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 Grammar & Vocabulary Notes

7. Words to show time (while, when, whenever, before, until, as soon as, after)
 Wash your hand before you eat. 14
 I will call you as soon as I arrive home.
 I clean the window pane while my friends sweep the floor.

8. Words to show purpose (so that, in case, in order that, in order to)
 Take along your umbrella in case it rains.
 He studies hard so that he will not fail examination again.
 He exercises regularly in order to keep healthy.

9. Words to show comparison (as good as, as if, as though)

 She screamed as though she saw a ghost.
 This car is as good as the old car.

10. Words to show concession (although, even if, even though)

 She kept on talking although she is already tired.

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 Grammar & Vocabulary Notes

15

1. To introduce the beginning of a sentence.

The first point I would like to

Firstly, ... To begin with, ... As a start, ...
make is ...

2. To make or add points to support your arguments.

Moreover, ... Besides, ... Not only ... but also ... In addition, ...

What is more, ... Furthermore, ...

3. To argue against points contrary to yours.

Turning to, ... However, ... In spite of, ... Still, ...

Yet, ... As far as, ... Nevertheless, ...

4. To conclude the argument. These words usually summarize the writer’s stand or
make suggestion.

In short, ... On the whole, ... In conclusion, ... To sum up, ...

Finally, ... Therefore, ...

Linking words are especially used in writing argumentative

essays. These words are written in essays to show
organization of ideas.

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 Grammar & Vocabulary Notes

16

NO PROVERBS MEANING

A friend who extends a helping hand when one is in

1 A friend in need is a friend indeed
trouble is a real and sincere friend.
2 All that glitters is not gold Don’t be taken in by things which look attractive.
A person who never settles in one place/ job will not
3 A rolling stone gathers no moss
be successful in life.
A bird in hand is worth two in the Something that one already has is better than
4
bush something that one may or may not be able to get.
5 Actions speak louder words Actions are evidence.
Absence makes the heart grow
6 We like a person more when he or she is far away.
fonder
7 A heavy purse makes a light heart One is happy when there is enough money.
It is better to accept whatever one can get than to
8 Half a loaf is better than no bread
run the risk of getting nothing.
People of the same character are always seen
9 Birds of a feather flock together
together.
10 Blood is thicker than water. The ties of relationship are real.
Cut your coat according to your
11 Live within your means.
cloth
Don’t count your chicken before Don’t be too hopeful of your chances of success.
12
they are hatched
Empty vessels make the most
13 People who know very little make the greatest fuss.
noise
14 Every cloud has a silver lining There is something good in every difficult situation.
A good example is better than teaching others how
15 Example is better than precept
to behave.
16 Failure teaches success Mistake made is an experience gained.
Fortune knocks once at every
17 A person gets at least one good opportunity in life.
man’s door

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 Grammar & Vocabulary Notes

NO PROVERBS MEANING
17
If we are in a great hurry, we make mistakes and we
18 Great haste makes great waste
waste a lot of time.
19 Honesty is the best policy It is good to tell the truth at all times.
20 It is never too late to mend It is never too late to change.
Jack of all trades and master of A person who can do anything but not an expert to
21
none anything.
22 Let bygone be bygone Forgive and forget what is over.
Do not act hastily without considering the possible
23 Look before you leap
consequences.
When many people do a piece of work, it becomes
24 Many hands make light work
easier.
Never put off until tomorrow what
25 Get whatever it is to be done without delaying.
can be done today
A person who has been tricked once will be more
26 Once bitten, twice shy
careful in the future.
The more one practices, the better he or she
27 Practice makes perfect
becomes.
It is better to be careful than to try to solve a
28 Prevention is better than cure
problem after it happened.
Great things are not achieved in a day of in a short
29 Rome was not built in a day
time.
30 Pride goes before a fall A proud person will fall into disgrace.
31 Speech is silver, silence is golden It is better to be silent than to speak.
Refers to a person whose real feelings are not
32 Still waters run deep
openly displayed.
33 Strike while the iron is hot Seize when a good opportunity comes along.
A person who does things early gets what he or she
34 The early bird catches the worm
wants.
35 Time and tide wait for no man Do not waste time.
36 To be born with a silver spoon To be born into a rich family.
37 To kill two birds with one stone To gain two things at one time.
38 To turn over a new leaf To make a new start.

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 Grammar & Vocabulary Notes

NO PROVERBS MEANING
18
It is better to ask for an opinion than to just rely on
39 Two heads are better than one
one’s own judgments.
When in Rome do as the Romans When you are in a new place, you must adapt
40
do yourself to the cultures of that place.

Do we really need to write down proverbs in essays?

YES, if we want to make our essays more interesting for the readers.

NO, we do not need to use proverbs excessively in writing essays.

Pick ONE or TWO that is most suitable for the theme or topic of your
essays.

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 Grammar & Vocabulary Notes

19

Accept Except
She accepted the prize. Everyone was there except Azmi.
Adapt Adopted
They adapted well to the new education That couple adopted the newborn baby.
system.
Affect Effect
The pollution will affect the environment. The medicine has a strong effect.
Amount Number
The amount of water is enough for the There is a huge number of cars on the
soup. road.
Principal Principle
He is the principal of the school. It is his principle to treat others with
respect.
Rise Raise
The sun rises in the East. He raised the flag during the assembly.
Quiet Quite
Please be quiet. They were quite right.
Live Stay
I live in Malaysia. We stayed in the hotel during our
vacation.
Stationary Stationery
The van was left stationary by the side of You can use the stationery here for your
the road. drawing.
VS
Lay Lie
He laid the cloth on the table She is lying down on the bed.
Late Lately
He was late for school. Have you seen her lately?
For Since
He worked there for 5 years. He had been working there since 1990.
Good Well
She is a good girl. He did well in the exams.
Do Make
Sam does his work on time. They make cakes for charity.
Deny Refuse
He denied the accusation. She refuses to give up on sports.
Bunch Crowd
There is a bunch of keys on the table. There is a huge crowd at the sports
stadium.
Between Among
Suzi is sitting between Liza and Mei Ling. She is among the best students in her
school.
Borrow Lend
Could I borrow your pen? I will lend you my pen.
Beside Besides
I sit beside Ahmad. Do you like any other food besides
pizza?

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20

Phrasal
Meaning Example
Verb
Mary’s excuse for coming late doesn’t add up. I think
Add up Make sense
she is lying.
I can’t believe that my brother finally asked Julie out
Ask out Invite someone
on a date!
Bear with Be patient Please bear with me while I find the file.
Back up Give support You need a witness to back up you alibi.
Suddenly become very When Diana saw the mess, she blew up and kicked
Blow up
angry the chair.
Break down
Stop working properly The lorry broke down in the busy street.

Break in Enter a place unlawfully The burglar broke in between 10 p.m and midnight.
Break off End something Lili broke off her engagement to Fahmi.
Break out of Escape The prisoners broke out of jail just a few days ago.
Bring to someone’s When you visit me, why don’t you bring over your
Bring over
house new guitar?
Bring up Raise (a child) Sam was brought up to respect elders.
They called off the hockey match because of the
Call off Cancel something
rain.
Continue (a
Carry on Please, carry on. Don’t let me interrupt you.
conversation, a game)
I will never catch up. I am two months behind
Catch up Make up for lost time
schedule.
Enter a hospital, hotel,
Check in They need to check in at the hotel before noon.
etc.
The cyber cafe was closed down because they
Close down Close permanently
allowed school children in.
Come up Produce or create (an
She came up with a great idea for the charity show.
with idea, a plan)
Count on Depend / rely on You can count on Joshua to complete the job.
Dress up Wear elegant clothes She always dressed up for work.
Eat out Eat outside the home They eat out once a week.
Solve something,
Figure out I finally figured out the mathematics problem.
understand
Fill in Complete Don’t forget to fill in all the details in the form.
Leave (a bus, plane,
Get off We need to get off the bust at the next stop.
train, boat)
Give up Surrender Never give up learning English!

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 Grammar & Vocabulary Notes

Phrasal
Meaning Example
Verb 21
Our team is going for the gold medal in the annual
Go for Try to achieve
sports.
Hand in Submit I have to hand in this contest form by 12 July.
Hold back Restrain She held back her tears when her father scolded her.
Joke around To be humorous Mamat is always joking around in class.
Make a quick, poorly You shouldn’t jump to conclusions before thinking of
Jump to
thought out decision its consequences.
Keep on Continue He kept on talking after everybody asked him to stop.
Light up Illuminate Let’s get some candles to light this room up.
Take care of (a child, a
Look after When my sister goes on vacation, I look after her cat.
house, a pet)
Mix up Confuse I sometimes mix up the verb tenses.
My father battled with cancer for several years before
Pass away Die
he passed away.
Pick on Bully, to tease Kamil likes to pick on small children at the park.
Run off Leave quickly Why did you run off after the party?
Arrange (an
I set up an appointment with my dentist tomorrow
Set up appointment, a
morning.
meeting)
Boast, draw attention to
Show off Young boys show off in order to impress girls.
oneself
To explain something in
a detailed way so that He is so weak in English that you have to spell out
Spell out
the meaning is clearly everything for him.
understood
I need you to stand by and answer the phone when
Stand by Wait
my brother calls.
Would you mind taking down my messages while I
Take down Write down what is said
am on vacation?
Think over Consider Think over the offer before you the contract.
Throw up Vomit If you drink too much alcohol, you might throw up.
Make the final We didn’t paint the whole kitchen, we just touched up
Touch up
improvement the cabinets.
Turn in Submit You need to turn your essay in next week.
I used up all of the milk, so we need to buy some
Use up Use all of something
more.
Watch out Be careful Watch out! There’s a puddle of mud in front of you!
Work out Exercise I work out three times a week at the gymnasium.
Zoom in Focus You need to zoom in on the main idea in the report.

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 Grammar & Vocabulary Notes

22

As light as a feather
• The beautiful Italian silk scarf was as light as a feather.

As loud as thunder
• The boys caught playing truant felt afraid when the angry headmaster spoke in
a voice as loud as thunder.
As mischievous as a monkey
• The little boy who is as mischievous as a monkey played many tricks on his
classmates.
As pale as death
• The patient lying in the hospital bed looked as pale as death.

As playful as a kitten
• The little child is as playful as a kitten and will not keep still for a single moment.

As proud as a peacock
• The girl who was as proud as a peacock soon found out nobody wanted to be
her friend.
As brave as a lion
• The soldier was as brave as a lion in the battle against the terrorists.

As quick as lightning
• The anger flashed in his eyes as quick as lightning and then disappeared,
masked by a cold smile.
As red as blood
• The rose which just bloomed is as red as blood.

As round as a ball
• The well-fed baby was as round as a ball.

As silent as the grave

• The deserted house was as silent as the grave and it made us feel
uncomfortable.

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 Grammar & Vocabulary Notes

As blind as a bat
23
• My aunt is very short-sighted and without her glasses. She is as blind as a bat.
As busy as a bee
• The students were as busy as bees when they had to clean their classrooms.
As cold as ice
• She had been lost for two days and by the time she was found, she was as cold as
ice.
As cunning as a fox
• The thief proved to be as cunning as a fox when he eluded the trap the police had set
for him.
As deaf as a post
• We had to speak very loudly as the old man was as deaf as a post.
As dry as dust
• The food was badly cooked that it tasted as dry as dust.
As easy as ABC
• The jigsaw puzzle was as easy as ABC as it was meant for children aged three and
below.
As fit as a fiddle
• The man was as fit as a fiddle because he exercised every day.
As fresh as a daisy
• Even though it was already late afternoon, she still looked as fresh as a daisy.
As gentle as a lamb
• The teacher was as gentle as a lamb with the little children who were in school for the
first time.
As good as gold
• The children were as good as gold when their parents were not at home to indulge
them.
As graceful as a swan
• The ice skater was as graceful as a swan as she pirouetted on the ice, dancing to the
strains of Strauss waltz.
As happy as a lark
• The little girl was as happy as a lark because she received many presents on her
birthday.

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 Grammar & Vocabulary Notes

24

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