Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF OLONGAPO CITY
GORDON HEIGHTS I ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
backbones joint
Kauffman move City, Zambalesshape
St., Gordon Heights, Olongapo skull

WORKSHEET IN SCIENCE IV
Second Quarter Week 1

Major Organs of the Human Body

Bones and Muscles
The skull helps protect the brain. Ball-and-socket joints are the ones found in our shoulder and hip
joints. The backbones protect the spinal cord. The ribs form a protective cage around the heart and lungs. The
pelvic bones support our body when we sit. The bones in our body are also connected with each other. The
point where two bones meet and connect is called joint. Our joints and muscles allow our bones to move. The
movements of our body originate in our joints. Muscles enable our body to move. They also give shape and
forms to our body and protect delicate organs. Muscles are voluntary or involuntary.

Stomach and Intestines

Digestion takes place as soon as we start to chew our food. The stomach is a large organ that is lined
with layers of muscles. The digestion is both mechanical and chemical. Food stays in the stomach for four hours
until the food turns into a thick liquid. The linings of the small intestine function like a filter. Digested nutrients
needed by the body are absorbed by the linings of the small intestine just like water that passed through the
filter. Undigested food particles (like seeds, tough fruit pulp and not properly chewed meat) are passed to the
large intestine to be passed out of the body during defecation.

Kidneys and Liver

The kidneys are bean-shaped paired organs which are about four to five inches long and two to three
inches wide. The right kidney is slightly lower due to the presence of liver on the right region of our body. The
kidneys remove urea from the blood through tiny filtering units called nephrons. The liver is the filtering
machine of the body. Its primary function is to take away toxins out of the blood.

Heart and Lungs

The heart is a hollow muscular organ located between lungs and it is protected by rib cage. It is about
the size of your fist and located in the middle of the chest cavity. The beating of the heart is due to the
contraction of your heart muscles. The cardiac muscles contract involuntarily. The word cardiac refers to the
heart. This means its contractions cannot be controlled by your will. The lungs filter the oxygen that enters our
body because it contains a filtering structure to ensure that the heart receives clean oxygen from the lungs. The
carbon dioxide as a waste material of the body is removed from the body through the lungs.

Brain
The human brain is a highly complex organ. It is found in the head and is protected by the skull, soft
tissues called meninges and a cushion of fluid. It weighs about 1.5 kilograms and contains billions of neurons.
The main function of the brain is to process information it receives and to send instructions to the different
parts of the body.

SCIENCE IV ASSESSMENT
Second Quarter Week 1
Name: _____________________________________________ Score: _____________________
Grade/Section: _____________________________________ Date: ______________________

I. Complete the statement below. Use the correct word from the box.
 The _______________ helps protect the brain. The _______________ protect the spinal cord. The point where two bones
meet and connect is called _______________. Our joints and muscles allow our bones to _______________. Muscles also
give _______________ and forms to our body.

The _______________ is a large organ that is lined with layers of muscles. The digestion is both _______________ and
_______________. The linings of the _______________ function like a filter. Undigested food particles are passed to the
_______________ to be passed out of the body during defecation.

chemical large intestine mechanical small intestine stomach

The _______________ are bean-shaped paired organs which are about four to five inches long and two to three inches
wide. The kidneys remove _______________ from the blood through tiny filtering units called _______________. The
_______________ is the filtering machine of the body. Its primary function is to take away _______________ out of the
blood.
kidneys liver nephrons toxins urea

The _______________ is a hollow muscular organ located between _______________ and it is protected by rib cage. It is
about the size of your _______________ and located in the middle of the chest cavity. The word _______________ refers to
the heart. The lungs _______________ the oxygen that enters our body because it contains a filtering structure to ensure
that the heart receives clean oxygen from the lungs.

cardiac filter fist heart lungs

The human _______________ is highly complex organ. It is found in the _______________ and is protected by the
_______________, soft tissues called meninges and a cushion of fluid. The main function of the brain is to
_______________ information it receives and to _______________ instructions to the different parts of the body.

II. Write the letter of the correct answer before each number.
brain head process send skull

1._____ are the place where two bones meet or connect. A. joints B. lungs C. muscles D. stomach
2. The skull protects the spinal cord. A. false B. maybe C. true D. none of these
3. The rib cage protects your______. A. muscles B. heart and lungs C. brain D. intestines
4. Muscles are voluntary or involuntary. A. true B. false C. maybe D. none of these
5.What do muscles give to our body? A. shape B. sight C. smell D. sound
6. What is the shape of our kidneys? A. bean-shaped B. circle C. diamond D. heart-shaped
7. The kidneys remove _____ from the blood. A. fat B. oil C. tears D. urea
8. The tiny filtering units of kidneys are called A. apron B. efron C. nephrons D. nitrogen
9. What does your liver do? A. regulates temperature B. take toxins out of your blood
10. Blood is continuously pumped through the body by the_____. A. heart B. liver C. skin D. tongue
11. The heart receives clean A. oxygen B. smoke C. steam D. vapor
12. Your heart and _____ work together to supply your body with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from your body.
A. brain B. fist C. lungs D. stomach
13. _____ is not good for your lungs. A. eating B. singing C. smoking D. exercising
14. A typical brain weighs about how much? A. 1 kg B. 1.5 kg C. 2 kg D. 3kg
15. What is the main function of the brain? A. to give color to the skin C. to make you happy
B. to keep you warm D. to process information