ABDEL PROBLEM SET 19

PROBLEM #1, PROBLEM ID 111. SOIL PROPERTIES

A highway embankment is to be constructed using soil from a selected borrow pit. A laboratory test has been conducted and
the following data has been obtained from this test. The volume of the cylinder is 0.03317ft³. How many gallons of water per
ft³ of embankment should be added to fill the material to reach optimum moisture content and 100% max density if the initial
moisture content of the soil is 5% (dry weight basis).

TEST WET WEIGHT MOISTURE

NO. (lb.) CONTENT(%)
1 3.48 5%
2 6.15 8.5%
3 6.13 10%
4 5.14 13%

A. 0.839 gal/ft³

B. 0.939 gal/ft³

C. 1.939gal/ft³

D. 2.939gal/ft³

SOLUTION:
1. Plot the Compaction Curve
COMPACTION CURVE
180
Dry Unit Weight VS Moisture Content 160
W
γ wet = 140
DRY WEIGHT (lb/ft³)

V
120
γ wet 100
γ dry = , Where ω=moisture content
1+ ω 80
60
W /V
γ dry = 40
1+ω
20
TEST DRY WEIGHT (lb/ft³) MOISTURE
NO. CONTENT(%) 0
4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% 10% 11% 12% 13% 14%
1 3.48 5
=99.92 MOISTURE CONTENT (%)
0.03317∗(1+0.05)
2 6.15 8.5
=170.88
0.03317∗(1+0.085)
3 6.13 10
=168.0
0.03317∗ (1+ 0.10 )
1
4 5.14 13
=137.13
0.03317∗(1+0.13)

Maximum Dry Weight=175 lb/f t 3 (CompactionCurve)

Optimum Moisture Content =9 % (CompactionCurve)

2. Amount of Water to be added per ft³ of embankment

 Weight of Water ¿ be added / ft ³=(0.09−0.05)*175
Weight of Water ¿ be added /ft ³=7 lbs
gal 7 lbs
Amount of Water = ∗¿
ft 3
62.4 lb 7.481
ft 3

Amount of Water gal/f t 3 =0.839 gal/ft³

PROBLEM #2, PROBLEM ID 112. MOMENT DIAGRAM
Which of the moment diagrams shown best represent the loading on the beam shown in the figure?

SOLUTION:
1. The answer is letter A, because the moment at fixed-end support negative and the shape of moment diagram for
triangular distributed load is third degree curve. And the rectangular distributed load its moment diagram shape is
second degree curve as shown.
PROBLEM #3, PROBLEM ID 113. DIFFERENTIAL LEVELING
Based on the data in the figure, what is the difference in elevation between BM and TP3?

A. 11.50 ft

B. 12.50 ft

C. 13.50 ft

D. 14.50 ft

SOLUTION:

1. Fill the table below

Use the formulas:
B M + BS=H I
HI −F S=TP Elevation
POINT BS HI FS ELEVATION
BM 5.11 250.41+5.11=255.52 250.41
TP1 4.89 255.18+4.89=260.07 0.34 255.52-0.34=255.18
TP2 3.54 259.84+3.54=263.38 0.23 260.07-0.23=259.84
TP3 0.45 263.38-0.45=262.93
CHECK SUM +13.54 + -1.02 =262.93-250.41=12.52
To check the sum of BS + the sum of FS equal to the difference in the elevation.
PROBLEM #4, PROBLEM ID 114. TRIGONOMETRY LEVELING
A trigonometry leveling was done to determine the elevation of the first floor level of existing building. The surveyor notes is
indicated below in the figure. What is the elevation of the FFL if each floor height is 10 ft.?

A. 351.15 ft

B. 352.15 ft

C. 353.15 ft

D. 354.15 ft

SOLUTION:

1. Compute the height of the building

Height Bldg=35.45∗tan 40 ° 15 ' 25 +} H.I-Rod Readin ¿

Height Bldg=35.45∗tan 40 ° 15 ' 25 +} 2.49 - 2.5 ¿
Height Bldg=30 ft
2. Elevation of FFL
30
Elevation FFL= +350.15=353.15 ft
3
PROBLEM #5, PROBLEM ID 115. CONCRETE W/C RATIO
The moisture content for the fine and coarse aggregate for the concrete mix are 6.10% and 2.10%, respectively. The saturated
surface dry (SSD) specific gravity (SG) for the fine and course aggregate are 2.72 and 2.82, respectively. The saturated
surface dry (SSD) moisture content (ω SSD ¿ for the fine and course aggregate are 1.35% and 0.82%, respectively. The volume
of the particular batch of concrete is 2.75 cf. Sulphates are not present where the concrete will be installed. The following
tables shows the weights of several crucial ingredients for the total concrete mix:

Weight of Water(lb) Weight of Cement(lb) Weight of Course Weight of Fine Aggregate

Aggregates(lb) (lb)
41.56 61.12 148.54 115.15
Find the water/cement ratio (w/c) for the concrete mix batch in gals/sack.

A. 5.96 gallons/sack

B. 6.96 gallons/ sack

C. 7.96 gallons/sack

D. 8.96 gallons/ sack

SOLUTION:
1. Compute the total weight of the mix without SSD adjustment.
Total Weight without SSD =¿ 41.56+61.12+148.54+115.15=366.37 lb.
2. Compute of Weight Fine Aggregate (SSD)
W
Weight Fine Aggregate SSD=( )(1+ω SSD )
1+ω
115.15
Weight Fine Aggregate SSD= ( 1+0.061 )( 1+0.0135 ) =110 lbs
3. Compute of Weight Course Aggregate (SSD)
W
Weight Course Aggregate SSD =( )(1+ω SSD )
1+ω
148.54
Weight Course Aggregate SSD= ( 1+0.02 1)
( 1+ 0.0 082 )=146.68 lbs

4. Compute of Weight Water

Weight Water=366.37−110−146.68−61.12
Weight Water=48.57 lbs
5. Compute Water Cement Ration

1 gallon
w 48.57 lbs
c
= (
61.12 lbs ) ( 8.34 lbs
1 sack of
cement
)
94 lbs
=8.96 gallons /sack