Communist Party of Sri Lanka

"Ceylon Communist Party" redirects here. For the Maoist faction, see Ceylon Communist Party
(Maoist).

"United Socialist Party (Ceylon)" redirects here. For the Trotskyist Group, see United Socialist
Party (Sri Lanka).

The Communist Party of Sri Lanka (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ වකොමියුනිස්ට් පක්ෂය, romanized: Sri
Lankavay Komiyunist Pakshaya Tamil: இலங்கை ைம்யூனிஸ்ட் ைட்சி, romanized: Ilankai
Komyunist Katche) is a communist party in Sri Lanka. At the legislative elections of 2004, the
party was part of the United People's Freedom Alliance that won 45.6% of the popular vote and
105 out of 225 seats.

Contents
 1History
 2Party organization
 3Allegations
 4Publications
 5Electoral History
 6See also
 7References
 8External links

History

Communist Youth Federation

The CPSL was founded as the Communist Party of Ceylon in 1943, and was a continuation of
the United Socialist Party. The USP had been formed out of the pro-Soviet Union wing of
the Lanka Sama Samaja Party. The USP was proscribed by the colonial authorities.
The USP and then the CPC were initially led by Dr. S. A. Wickramasinghe.
In 1952 Wickremesinghe's wife, the English-born Doreen Young Wickremasinghe, a former
leader of the Suriya-Mal Movement, was elected to the Sri Lankan parliament.
In 1963 the Communist Party, Lanka Sama Samaja Party and the Mahajana Eksath
Peramuna formed the United Left Front (1963). The ULF broke down in 1964 when the then
Prime Minister Sirimavo Bandaranaike offered ministerial posts to LSSP and the CP.
In the mid-1960s the U.S. State Department estimated the party membership to be approximately
1900.[1]
In 1968, the CP joined the LSSP and the SLFP in the United Front. In the 1970
government, Pieter Keuneman became Minister of Housing and Construction and B. Y. Tudawe,
Deputy Minister of Education. However, one faction of the party, led by S. A. Wickremasinghe
and Indika Gunawardena, maintained a line of critical support for the government.
After the general election of 1977, for the first time in half a century, the CPSL found itself
without parliamentary representation, receiving about 2% of the vote. However, after a
subsequent election petition, Sarath Muttetuwegama was elected to the Kalawana seat in a by-
election.
Later CPSL joined the People's Alliance, the front led by the Sri Lanka Freedom Party. When
SLFP shelved the PA and formed the United People's Freedom Alliance together with Janatha
Vimukthi Peramuna ahead of the 2004 elections, CPSL and LSSP initially stayed out. They did,
however, sign a memorandum with the UPFA at a later stage and contested the elections on the
UPFA platform. CPSL does not, however, consider itself a member of UPFA.
The CPSL had one member of parliament in 2004, party general secretary D.E.W. Gunasekara.
Gunasekara expected to become the speaker of the Sri Lankan parliament, but lost by a handful
of votes. Gunasekara was then sworn in as the Minister for Constitutional Affairs.
During the 2020 Parliamentary elections, the CPSL put forward two candidates, Mahesh
Almedia in Colombo and Weerasumana Weerasinghe in Matara, under the SLPP's Pohottuwa
symbol. Dr. G Weerasinghe was nominated for the party's National List. Weerasumana was the
only candidate to successfully enter Parliament with 77,968 preferential votes.
Gunasekera stepped down as General Secretary of the CPSL on 30 August 2020. Dr. G.
Weerasinghe was unanimously elected as the new General Secretary by the Central Committee.

Party organization
The youth wing of CPSL is the Communist Youth Federation. CYF is a member organization of
the World Federation of Democratic Youth.

Allegations
Main articles: Black July and Second JVP insurrection
The CPSL and other Leftist parties were framed by the J R Jayawardane government for
instigating the 1983 Black July pogroms against Tamil people. The party was banned and leaders
including D.E.W. Gunasekera were imprisoned for over a year. The ban was lifted due to lack of
evidence for the charges and intervention from the Soviet embassy. The ban on the JVP and
NSSP stayed the same.
Publications
Aththa (Truth) is the CPSL's flagship Sinhala newspaper,[6] which was renowned for its high-
standard of journalism, progressive editorials and Sinhala prose.
The English organ of the CPSL was the Forward weekly.

Electoral History
Sri Lanka Parliamentary Elections

Election year Votes Vote % Seats won +/– Result for the party

1947 70,331 3.73% 3 / 95 3 Opposition

1952 134,528 5.78% 3 / 95 Opposition

1956 119,715 4.52% 3 / 95 Opposition

1960 (March) 147,612 4.85% 3 / 151 Opposition

1960 (July) 90,219 2.93% 4 / 151 1 Opposition

1965 109,754 2.71% 4 / 151 Opposition

1970 169,199 3.39% 6 / 151 2 Government

Extra parliamentary
1977 123,856 1.98% 0 / 168 6