r

high pressure side and cooling water on the low pressure side. ATOT,u = Av+ AL = 2 (3.1416 d')/4
(Fig. 1). The questions are whether a PRY is required at the low Thus Av+ AL = 2 (3.1416) (0.532')/4 = 0.4446 in.'
pressure side and if it is required, what is the relieving capac-
From simulation. the above vapor ratio is 26.6%. Thal..~ ).
ity and how is it sized? .
means: Wv/(Wv + WL) =26.6% (E.,,,f i~
1. Check the vaIldityof tube rupture. Based on API RP 521 Equating Eqs. E-l through E·4 and solving: !.
Sec. 3.15.2 two-thirds rule for the heat exchanger, the design Wv = 20,742.8 Av (E '~ . . 1. -
pressure ratio afthe low pressure side versus the high pressure WL = 94,481.9 A L. · (E-.II/ .:;.
side is as follows:' . Av+ AL = 0.4446 (E-3 j; (
Pressure ratio = 150/330 = 0.45 < 2/3 R = Wvl(Wv + WL) = 26.6% (E-4i\,. (
Therefore, tube rupture is a valid case.
The individual phase flowrates can be easily obtained: .
2. Check the fluid phase status after flash. From computer. Wv = 5,7441b/hr or .
simulation, the results show that at 150 psig (110%) + 14.7 = 179.7 Qv = 5,744Ib/hr/1.91Iblft3 = 3,007 fl"/hr .
psi a, the fluid flashes into two phases: streams V2 and L2. This WL = 15,8471b/hr or
is a case ofliquid flashing into two-phase case. QL = 15,847 Ib/hr/29.88 Ih/ft' = 530 ft'/hr
3. Check crillcal flow condillon. From Eq. 1:
6. Find the actual required relief loads for tube rupture.
2 )K/(K-') First, calculate the actual volumetric ratio at critical flow con-
PCFR =P, ( K+1 dition, from simulation:
W11ere K = 1.1 (based on stream V2: MW = 48.1 and T = 134.1°F Qve= 139 ft 3 /hr (stream VC)
from tbe simuiation results). QiC= 24.573 ft'/hr (stream LC)
PI = 330 psig+ 14.7 . Ratio = Qvcl(Qve + Qrcl = 139/(139 + 24.573) = 85%
= 344.7 psia.·. Assume 'he available volumetric capacity credit is 200 ft'/hr .
Critical flow pressure:' the avaHable vapor phase volumetr~c capacity credit is:
200 ft' /br (85%) = 170 ft 3 /hr
. . ( . 2 )1.11(1.1-')
P CFR =344.7 1.1+1 The available liquid phase volumetric capacity credit is:
200-170 =30 fl"/hr
= 201.54 psia.. The actual required relief load for vapor is:
Relieving pressure: 3,007-170 = 2,837 ft 3 /hr or
p//EL = 150 psig (110%) + 14.7 = 179.7 psia (10% accumulation). 2,837 ft'/hr (1.91Ib/ft') = 5A18.71b/hr
Comparing the critical flow pressure and the relieving pres- The actual required reliefload for liquid is:
sure. sinc;e PCF> PREU the relieving is controlled by the critical 530-30 = 500 ft'/hr or .
flow condition. 500 ft'/hr (7.48052 gallft')/60 min / hr = 62.34 gpm
4. Find the vapor rallo of two-phase fluid. crossing the
7. Sizing PRY. Check critical flow condition at relief valve -
tube rupture. Calculations are based on the simulation results.. orifice from Eq. 2, where:
of fluid flashing at the critical flow conditions.
PI = PREL=Psrr (1l0%)=150 psig (110%)+14.7
From simulation: = 179.7 psia .
Vapor stream, VC: W vc = 266 Ib/hr M = 48.1 (stream V2l
LO ve = 1.911b/ft3 K = 1.1
Liquid stream, LC: WiC= 7341b/hr 2 )I.II(I.H) . .
LOiC = 29.881b/ft3 PCFO =179.7 ( 2.l = !O5.07pSla
R= Wve/(Wvc + Wrcl = 266/(266 + 734) = 26.6%
Since PCF > P/JACK, the flow is controlled by critical flow
5. Find the required relJevlng capacilles . From Eq. 3:
condition.
Wv = 1,444.6A v (I-0.317 ~~ JdP LO v )""5 . Calculate required relieving area for vapor phase at critical
flow condition:
where dP= PI-PCF
= 344.7'-201.54
Av Wv
CaKdP'Kb
(TZM )05 [API RP 520 I, 5 Ed., Eq. 2]
= 143.16 psi
where

Wv = 1,444.6A v (l- 0.317143.16 )(143.16r (1.91 )05

344.7
W= 5,418.7Ib/hr .
P, = 179.7 psi a
T= 97°F = 557"R (stream VCl)
=20,742.8A v (E-l) M= 48.19 (stream VCl) .
FromEq.4: Z= 0.8678 (stream VCl)
Ca =
327
WL = 1,444.6 AL (dP LOLl0 5 Kd= 0.975
= 1,444.6AL (143.16)"5 (29.88)°·5 Kb = Capacity correction factor due to back
= 94,481.9 AL (E-2) pressure
Exchanger tubes are 3/, in. OD 12 BWG, 0.532 in. !D. Say, P IJACK = 5 psig (back pressure at flare)
From Eq. 5: PBACKI P srr = 5/150 =3.33%· Canlinuld
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