1a)

1b)

1c) The graph for molecular oxygen is moved to the right compared to carbon monoxide since
the internuclear distance is greater in the oxygen molecular. Molecular oxygen contains a
double bond while carbon monoxide has a triple bond, this means that the bond order of
molecular oxygen is less than carbon monoxide. The electrons in a triple bond bring the atoms
closer together so having a higher-order bond means that the internuclear distance is less than
a double bond. Molecular oxygen’s graph is moved up compared to carbon monoxide’s graph
because the potential energy within the bond is less. Due to Coulomb’s law a lower order bond
(double bond) contains less energy, which relates electric change to the distance. In relation to
this, the triple bond contains more potential energy than a double bond. The graph of the
molecular oxygen is being shifted upwards because of the decrease in potential energy relative
to carbon monoxide.
2a)
2b) sp​2

3a)
3b) Arsenic (central atom) has 5 bonding directions and 0 lone pairs in the molecule above. The
lone pairs around fluorine will repel each other in a way that tries to organize the molecule
based on each electron pair equally repelling their neighboring electron pairs. AsF​5​ has a
molecular geometry of a trigonal bipyramidal. This results in the hybridization of sp​3​d which
results in two different bond angles; approximately 90 and 120 degrees.