TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES

1338 Arlegui Street, Quiapo, Manila

HYDRAULICS ENGINEERING
CE 411
Section

Experiment No. #: Title

Prelim

Submitted By:

Student No. SN, FN MI. ____________________

Submitted To:

ENGR. GRANT GREMOR M. PEREZ

Instructor

Date Submitted:

DATE
 Experiment No. 5
Discharge Measurement: Venturimeter
Objective(s):
The activity aims to verify Bernoulli’s Energy Equation and determines the discharge and velocity of fluid using
venturi meters.
Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs):
The students shall be able to:

1. Use the techniques and skills in using venturi meters in determining the velocity and discharge of the
fluid.
2. Verify Bernoulli’s energy equation.
3. Expand the knowledge on other uses of venturi meters in other experiments.
4. Apply the techniques and skills in using venturi meters relevant to professional engineering practice.

Discussion:
Venturi meter is a device used in measuring flow. It consists of a converging tube
which is connected to the main pipe at the inlet, and ending in a cylindrical section called
the throat and diverging section which is connected again to the main pipe at the outlet. The
angle of divergence is kept small to reduce the head loss caused by the turbulence as the
velocity is reduced.

Figure 1. Venturi Meter

 V 21 P1 V 22 P2
+ = + + z2
2 g y 2g y

V 22 V 21 P1 P1
+ =
2g 2g (y )(
+ Z1 −
y
+ Z2 )
where:

V 1= velocity at the inlet

V 2 = velocity at the throat

P1= pressure at the inlet

P2= pressure at the throat

z 1= elevation head at the inlet

z 2= elevation head at the throat

Equation shows that the increase in kinetic energy is equal to the decrease in
potential energy, a statement that has been called the “venturi principle”. The decrease in
potential head is the difference in the levels of a liquid in the piezometers connected to the
inlet and the throat. It is commonly measured by means of a differential manometer
connecting the inlet and the throat. It is defined in the equation,

P = yh

Where

P = pressure, Kpa

y = specific weight of fluid

h = pressure head or height of fluid in the piezometer

The velocity heads are related, however, by the continuity equation Q = Av. With
circular section, area varies directly as the square of diameter.

Where:

V 1= velocity at the inlet

 V 2= velocity at the throat

D1= diameter at the inlet

D2= diameter at the throat

Resources:

 Storage tank / Hydraulic Bench

 Pipes
 Venturi meter
 Stopwatch
Procedure:

Laboratory Procedure:

1. At the bottom of the storage tank, attach the pipeline, then the gate valve for control of the discharge,
then connect it to the pipeline again, and then attach it to the venture meter.
2. Record the diameter of the pipe and the slope of convergence of the venturi meter.
3. Fill the storage tank with water and take the initial volume of the water in the tank.
4. Open the gate valve and after 5 seconds, record the final volume of the water in the tank, by dividing
the difference in volume by the time will give the actual discharge in the tank.
5. Record the elevation of water in the piezometer that is connected on the inlet and the throat

Lab Manual Instruction(Online)

1. Watch the video provided by the in the Canvas Lab instructions.
2. Consider that we already collected the following data below through experiment.
3. Compute for the theoretical velocity based on the recorded water column/pressure heads measured at
the inlet and the throat section of the Venturimeter setup.
4. Compute for the Actual Flow rate from the recorded Volume and time in every set-up
5. Compute for the Theoretical Flow rate from the computed theoretical velocity
6. Compute for the “c” or the coefficient of discharge for each setup.
7. Provide observations and conclusions from the relationships of the data gathered and computed. You
can also provide graphs to show these relationships.
Data and Results:

Set-up D inlet D throat H(inlet) H(throat) V1 V2

(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 25 10 275 5

2 25 10 245 40

3 25 10 220 50

4 25 10 200 54

5 25 10 180 113

Set-up Start Vol End Volume T(sec) Qa Qt C

(liters) (liters)
1 0 10 59.80
2 0 10 66.57
3 0 10 74.99
4 0 10 79.28
5 0 10 119.03

Computations:

Tabulated Final Results and Graphs

Observation:

Conclusion:
References

s
8. Assessment (Rubric for Laboratory Performance):
BEGINNER ACCEPTABLE PROFICIENT
CRITERIA SCORE
1 2 3
I. Laboratory Skills
Members
Members do not Members always
occasionally
Manipulative Skills demonstrate needed demonstrate needed
demonstrate needed
skills. skills.
skills
Members are unable Members are able to Members are able to set-
Experimental
to set-up the set-up the materials up the material with
Set-up
materials. with supervision. minimum supervision.
Members
Members do not
occasionally Members always
demonstrate
Process Skills demonstrate demonstrate targeted
targeted process
targeted process process skills.
skills.
skills.
Members do not Members follow
Members follow safety
Safety Precautions follow safety safety precautions
precautions at all times.
precautions. most of the time.
II. Work Habits
Time Management / Members do not Members finish on Members finish ahead of
Conduct of finish on time with time with incomplete time with complete data
Experiment incomplete data. data. and time to revise data.
Members have
Members do not
defined Members are on tasks
know their tasks and
responsibilities most and have defined
have no defined
Cooperative and of the time. Group responsibilities at all
responsibilities.
Teamwork conflicts are times. Group conflicts are
Group conflicts have
cooperatively cooperatively managed at
to be settled by the
managed most of the all times.
teacher.
time.
Clean and orderly
Clean and orderly
Messy workplace workplace with
Neatness and workplace at all times
during and after the occasional mess
Orderliness during and after the
experiment. during and after the
experiment.
experiment.
Members require
Members require Members do not need to
Ability to do occasional
supervision by the be supervised by the
independent work supervision by the
teacher. teacher.
teacher.
Other Comments/Observations: Total Score
(TotalScore)
Rating= × 100
24