SAMSUNG SEM-9461E - Process Design Manual - Preparation of P&ID and UFD Rev1 2005

Design Manual
SEM – 9461E
Process Design Manual
Preparation of P&ID and UFD
Rev : 1
Date: June 30, 2005

SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
PREPARATION OF P&ID & UFD REV.: 1
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 2 of 283
SAMSUNG ENGINEERING CO.,LTD.
CONTENTS
1. General 5
1.1 Purpose 5
1.2 Scope of application 5
1.3 References 5
1.4 Definitions and Acronyms 6
1.4.1 Flow diagram 6
1.4.2 Line number 6
1.4.3 Drawing symbol 7
1.4.4 Issuing stage of drawing 8
2. Paper Size and Composition 9

2.1 Paper size 9
2.2 Composition 9
2.2.1 Equipment number and arrangement for each drawing 9
2.2.2 Note position of equipment name and item number 9
2.2.3 Note Position and application of general note 10
2.2.4 Expression of drawing sheet’s continuity 10
3. Note method of title block 16

3.1 Composition of title block 17
3.2 Note Content of title block 17
3.2.1 Plan name and production capacity 17
3.2.2 Client name and construction site 17
3.2.3 Job Number 18
3.2.4 Type of flow diagram 18
3.2.5 Process name or system name 18
3.2.6 Drawing number and drawing sheet 18
4. Data required for preparation of P&ID & UFD and the contents of note at each issuing stage 22
4.1 Data requirements 22
4.2 Note contents for each issuing stage of P&ID and UFD 23
4.2.1 Preliminary 23
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4.2.2 Approved for planning (AFP) 24

4.2.3 Approved for design (AFD) 27
4.2.4 Approved for construction (AFC) 27
5. General Note for P&ID and UFD 28

(1) Instrument symbols and legend 28
(2) Piping symbols and legend 28
(3) Reference drawings (or drawing index) 28
(4) General notes 28
(5) Line service identification 28
6. Check list for P & ID and UFD preparation 29

(1) Applicable regulation and rule 29
(2) Operation check list 30
(3) Maintenance check list 31
(4) Safety check list 32
(5) Miscellaneous 32
7. Major marking method in preparation of P & ID and UFD 33

7.1 Type of marking lines 33
7.2 Item marking 33
7.3 Various marks and symbols 34
7.4 Line numbering 154
7.5 Continuity mark between drawings 161
7.6 B.L, B.V, B.C 161
7.7 Spec. break and design break 163
7.8 Bonding of static electricity 169
7.9 Internal pressure, leak test and initial start-up 169
7.10 Process requirements and caution in piping design 174
8. JOB specification 205
9. Preparation history 205

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Appendix: EXAMPLE FOR GENERAL EXPRESSION IN P & ID and UFD 203
(1) Example case for that connecting nozzle size is determined according to the issue state
progress of P&ID and UFD 209
(2) Action of main valve 212
(3) Equipment and instrument having by-pass line 213
(4) Sampling connection type 215
(5) Flexible hose 216
(6) Air trap and drainer 218
(7) Steam trap 218
(8) Pressure relief valve and rupture disc 221
(9) De-Super heater 227
(10) Pump 230
(11) Compressor and blower 242
(12) Water spray facility 254
(13) Sealing method for low pressure tank 255
(14) Strainer 258
(15) Insulation and tracing 259
(16) Shower and eye washer 262
(17) Typical vent/drain System 263
(18) Piping or connection for purge 269
(19) De-aerator 275
(20) Cooling Tower 276
(21) Air dryer for instrument air 278
(22) Gas supply with gas cylinder 282
(23) Pneumatic conveying of particle Material 283
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1. General
1.1 Purpose
The purpose of this manual is to describe the preparation method for Piping and Instrument
Diagram (P&ID) and Utility Flow Diagram (UFD) based on the process engineering work
practice.
1.2 Scope of Application

All the rules described in this manual is applicable for both P&ID and UFD unless other
engineering standards is specified by contract or process licenser. If any items that are not
given in this manual need to be used or any parts of this manual need to be revised before
use it, full discussion with process lead engineer is required. These exceptional cases should
be notified to the project manager for his/her permit prior to use them.
1.3 References
The reference manuals are available. They are:
SEM-0021 P&ID issuing stage and establishment of engineering design stage

SEM-1001 Drawing number assignment
SEM-1002 Description of drawing Issue and assigning method of revision number
SEM-1003 Filling method for drawing title block
SEM-1004 AFC Issuing method of drawing
SEM-1005 Method of drawing preparation
SEM-1007 Method of line schedule preparation
SEM-1050 Design change procedure
SEM-3009 Line number assignment
SEM-3009E Deciding The Line Number
SEM-3010 Piping class determination
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1.4 Definitions and Acronyms

Definitions and Acronyms used in this manual are described below:
1.4.1 Flow Diagram

There are five (5) different kinds of flow diagram. They are:
* Block Flow Diagram

* Process Flow Diagram (PFD)
* Utility Balance Diagram (UBD)
* Piping & Instrument Diagram (P&ID)
* Utility Flow Diagram (UFD)
The definitions of P & ID and UFD are as follows;

(1) Piping & Instrument Diagram (P & ID)
It is a flow diagram that contains various process requirements, piping, instrument
and some mechanical data. They are prepared based on process flow diagram
(PFD). It is one of the most important flow diagrams that will be used for
detailed plant design and entire construction work. It also often called as
Mechanical Flow Diagram or Engineering Flow Diagram.
(2) Utility Flow Diagram (UFD)

This is a P&ID for utility system containing various process requirements, piping,
instrument and some mechanical data. The difference between P&ID and UFD is
that UFD is with branch lines connecting between utility header and process
equipment facilities. These branch line positions are drawn in accordance with
the real piping routes shown in the actual plot plan. It should be prepared based
on the main utility flow sequence first as well as utility supply facility. Another
difference is that the P&ID is prepared based on the PFD.
1.4.2 Line number

As shown below, the line number shows various information from nominal size of pipe
line to insulation symbol.
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Line Number
4 P 3 125 B I A (H)
Insulation symbol
Piping material
Kind of piping material Piping specification
Flange class
Sequence number
Area (Section) classification number
Fluid symbol
Piping nominal size (use inch unit in principle)
(1) Fluid Symbol

It indicates the type of fluids and its name with simple abbreviation. The purpose
is that, as a part of line numbers, any particular lines can be easily identifiable by
assigning fluid symbol. Other purpose is to draw the engineer's attention on the
line that is assigned with this symbol in doing design work.
(2) Class Designation

This is a symbol indicating piping material of construction, flange class, packing,
gasket material, etc.
Note: For further details, refer to Korean version manual SEM-3010 (i.e. Piping
class determination).
1.4.3 Drawing Symbol

(1) Instrument Symbol & Letter
This is a standard symbol to clearly indicate the type of instrument, its function,
variables, type of instrument panel and inter-relationship between instruments.
Basically, the ISA (Instrument Society of America) symbols should be employed.
(2) Piping Symbol

This is a standard symbol to indicate the shape of piping, equipment and valves
inside the piping system.
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(3) Equipment Symbol

This symbol is standardized for general and typical equipment by using the shape
that looks like actual shape of equipment. This standardized shape is called
equipment symbol.
1.4.4 Issuing stage of drawing

Write down the issuing stage of drawing sheet in the revision description column to
clearly show the reason of revision and purpose at the time that drawing sheet is
issued. Changing the revision number and issuing stage needs to be limited to the
time that the drawing sheet will be sent out to other parties such as the client and
project partner.
(1) Preliminary
This is P&ID and UFD issued first time after process design work resumed. The
technical information on major equipment, piping, instrument, etc are shown in this
drawing sheet.
(2) Approved For Planning (AFP)

This is P&ID and UFD issued before starting the basic design work on the
process data. In this drawing sheet, almost all the process requirements that
normal operation, start-up and shutdown were considered are written.
(3) Approved For Design (AFD)

This is the P&ID and UFD issued before starting the detailed design work after
the results of basic design and collection of vendor information are very much
finalized. Almost all the information required for P&ID and UFD should be
included in this drawing sheet.
(4) Approved For Construction (AFC)

This is the P&ID and UFD issued before starting the construction work. Basically
AFC contains all the same information shown in AFD. However, AFC is used to
revise any items that need to be changed according to the detailed design results
done by other design teams and finalized vendor information.
(5) For Approval

This is the P&ID and UFD that are issued to obtain the client's approval for basic
information that is necessary to comply with the contract conditions. In general,
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this drawing sheet contents are same as compared with preliminary. If the client's
comments are received, their comments should be reflected when issuing AFP.
2. Paper size and composition
2.1 Paper size

In principle, use AO-A1 size of paper as described in Korean version manual, SEM-1005 (i.e.
Method of drawing sheet preparation).
2.2 Composition
All kind of equipment, piping, fittings, valves, instrument controls, signal, various notes,
equipment name and number, short specification of equipment, and equipment description will
be shown in P&ID and UFD. Also the continuity symbols of drawing, title block, revision
column and issue block should be described to establish the completeness of drawing.
Special attention should be paid to a few important things such as how to prepare a looking
good composition, easy understand to see, and accuracy of the contents put in because
P&ID and UFD are very important work products of engineering business. Since composition
needs to be properly balanced, the following rules should be respected to avoid confusion on
the packed information. In addition to these, detailed information on the size of letter,
thickness of line, etc. is given in the guidelines of P&ID CAD preparation.
2.2.1 Equipment number and arrangement for each drawing

In principle, equipment number in each drawing sheet should be limited to about 10-
15. In the early stage of drawing work for the P&ID and UFD, sufficient space must
be provided to establish appropriate arrangement because the contents at the AFC
issuing stage are more complicate than that for the preliminary issuing stage.
2.2.2 Note position of equipment name and item number

Item number and equipment name should be written at the top or bottom of the
drawing sheet such that written number and name can be easily identified in terms of
the equipment position. Based on the following category, these should be located
appropriately at the top or bottom.
Type of Equipment Note Location

Furnace, Boiler, Water treatment equipment * 1 Top
Tower, Reactor Top
Heat Exchanger Top * 2
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Tank, Bin, Separator, Dryer Top

Pump, Compressor, Mixer Bottom
Treatment facility for raw material & product, conveyer * 3
Other equipment * 4
(Note:) * 1 Since the water treatment system consists of various devices, it should
be written down based on the function and/or of each unit categorized.
* 2 In the case that upper area of drawing sheet is not appropriate for
reading it at the equipment arrangement point of view, the drawing sheet
bottom or other areas can be used.
* 3 For the facility that can be categorized into individual equipment, they
should be written down based on the equipment category. In other
hand, regarding the equipment that is not easily categorized, appropriate
judgment is necessary to select the best place visually in the top and
bottom of drawing sheet.
* 4 When selecting the top or bottom locations of drawing sheet, the
appropriate decision has to be made based on the concept if it is easy
to find and read it.
However, this rule does not need to be obeyed if there are no ways to
put it at the top or bottom. Other inevitable case is that, in the P&ID
and UFD, the location of related equipment needs to be clearly visual
each other's location.
2.2.3 Note Position and Application of General Note

The top of the title block that is at the right hand side of the drawing sheet is an
appropriate place for note writing. It is good to use the general note area of
P&ID/UFD legend section in case that the note contents can generally be applicable
to most drawing sheets.
2.2.4 Expression of Drawing Sheet's continuity

(1) Connection between P & IDs
In principle, the following format needs to be used for connection between P&ID
sheets:
The drawing continuation number should be written inside of the drawing continuity
symbol ( ), and put the line number at the upper side of line and
equipment number (i.e. starting/destination) at the downside of line.
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Example:
* 1 Line Number
* 2 Expression of the equipment departing or destination to the equipment
In principle, equipment item number has to be used for indicating all the
equipment departing from or destination to. In case that it is connected
to the other drawing sheets after it is merged with other lines, then the
line number needs to be write down.
* 3 Drawing continuation number
Continuity symbol of drawing sheet ( ) should be written at
the left or right hand side of the drawing sheet borderline. In principle,
the symbols should be written at the same elevated position as for the
drawing.
This continuity symbol that will be connected to small drawing number

should be written at the left hand side of drawing sheet. In other hand,
the symbol that will be connected to large drawing number should be
written at right hand side of drawing sheet. The process line that will
be connected to other units should be written at down side of the
drawing.
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(2) Connection between P & ID and UFD

(a) Expression on the P&ID
In principle, the connecting method between P&ID and UFD should be
based on the following example:
Example:
* 1 Line Number
* 2 Drawing Continuity Number
Put the drawing continuity symbol of utility line at appropriate location in
the P&ID sheet.
(b) Expression on the UFD

In principle, the method for connecting portion between P&ID and UFD is as
shown in the following example:
Example:
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* 1 Line Number (extensively)

* 2 Equipment item number for the starting point and destination
* 3 Drawing number of P&ID where the related equipment exists.
* 4 In case that utility line is merged into other lines before connecting
with equipment, it should show the line number of other line. Also,
it should show the line number of other line joined with the utility
lines in case that more than one lines are joined.
(3) Connection between UFD and UFD

It is as described in Section (2). In principle, judgment in using Section (2)-(a)
and (2)- (b) should be based on the followings:
(a) Use the methods described in Section (2)-(a) in marking on the drawing sheet
including utility supply facility.
(b) Use the methods described in Section (2)-(b) in marking on the drawing sheet
except for the above Section (3)-(a).
(c) In some cases, either Section (3)-(a) or (3)-(b) is applicable to the same
drawing sheet. And the symbols of based on both Sections (2)-(a) and (2)-(b)
can be coexisted in the same drawing sheet.
(4) Connections between P & ID or UFD and Vendor Drawing

Use the following example for the vendor drawing connecting with UFD or P&ID:
Example :
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* 1 Vendor's P & ID Flow Diagram Drawing No.

* 2 Tie-in Point number with vendor drawing (including instrumental piping)
Write down the same number on Vendor drawing
* 3 In case that vendor drawing includes SECL piping, the detailed connection
should be shown in vendor drawing. A note should be given to
indicate that SECL piping is in vendor drawing.
(5) Expression of Detail DWG
Expression method of detail DWG on the P&ID and UFD is as follow:

Example:
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* 1 Refer to paragraph (3)-(a)

* 2 The connection number of piping connected with detail drawing (including
instrumental piping)
Attach each serial number on detail drawing sheet.
* 3 In case that detail drawing is not shown in the related P&ID and UFD,
show that portion to indicate that the detail drawing exists. It looks like as
shown below:
SEE Detail “A”

(DWG.No.16E)
* 4 In case that detail drawing is not shown in the related P&ID and UFD,
show that portion to indicate that the referred parts of detail drawing exists.
It is shown below:
Detail “A”
(DWG.No.16A)
(6) Connection with Battery Limit (Refer to 7.6.1 p. 161)

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(a) Connection with B.L in P&ID
* 1 In case that piping line number of B.L is identified, it should be indicated.

* 2 Expression for the staring point of main process line.
* 3 In principle, the inside of can be filled with O.S.B.L. Write
down that number if that the drawing number of continuity is identifiable.
* 4 Write down if the plant name is known.
(b) Connection with B.L in the UFD sheet

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* 1 Indicate that if the piping line number is known

* 2 Put the fluid name
* 3 In principle, the inside of can be filled with O.S.B.L. Write
down that number if that the drawing number of continuity is identifiable.
* 4 Write down plant name if it is known.
3. Title Block Filling Method

Title block is the face of the drawing sheet. It shows Job Number, Client and Plant Name, Plant
Capacity, Type of Drawing, issuing stage, etc.
Since there is Revision Column, Issue Block and Circle, by reviewing these, it should be able to
identify history of drawing sheet and progress of all these. In general, the filling method on these
is precisely described in Job Instruction.
Reference: SEM-1002 Description of drawing Issue and the assigning method of revision number.
SEM-1003 Filling method for drawing title block
3.1 Composition of Title Block

Title Block is as shown below and the filling contents for each part is related to Section 3.2.
Example:
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DWG Issue Block
Plant Name & Production
Client Name & Construction
Job Name
Type of Flow Diagram and

Process Name or System Name
3.2 Note Content of Title Block
3.2.1 Plant Name and Production Capacity

In Principle, production capacity and plant name can be written down as follow: But,
do not use abbreviation of plant name.
Example: 300,000 MTPA ETHYLENE PLANT
3.2.2 Client Name and Plant Construction Site

In principle, client name and plant construction site should be written as shown below:
Regarding the construction site, just put the local area name (i.e. City and village)
and
nation name.
Example :
IRAN-KOREA PETROCHEMICAL CO., LTD.
BANDAR, SHAHPUR, IRAN
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3.2.3 Job No.: Write down the Job Number or Proposal Number
3.2.4 Type of Flow Diagram

To clearly indicate the type of flow diagram, put the formal name according to the
type of flow diagram that is defined in Section 1.4.
In this case, they are for Piping & Instrument Diagram or Utility Flow diagram.
3.2.5 Process name or system name

The plant consists of two large parts. One of them is process and its auxiliary
facility. Other is for utility supply facility. P&ID is applicable to the process and its
auxiliary facility and UFD is for utility supply facility. And process name or system
name needs to be put to clarify some parts of process or system. This nomenclature
method is also needs to be used to clearly indicate that the drawing sheet can be
identified to process or system. It is because each facility consists of various
processes and systems.
As a general rule, process P&ID has to be named according to process name of that
P&ID. With regard to auxiliary facility and utility facility, it should go with the name
based on the system name according to the fluid name written in Remark column of
Section 3.2.6 Table. Also, It is all right to include more than two system names in
the same drawing sheet.
3.2.6 Drawing Number and revision number

Drawing Number is composed as the following:.
* 1
Of these, drawing number is directly related to the type of flow diagram, plant name
or system name. Use the contents of following Table:
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* 1 In case that the plant complex consists of many plants, the drawing can be
identified by writing down the abbreviation of plant name along with
Job/Proposal Number.
Example:
Drawing number and type of flow diagram
Drawing number Drawing Type

Type of Flow Diagram Remark
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1 BLOCK FLOW DIAGRAM
2 PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM * 1
3 UTILITY BALANCE DIAGRAM
4 GENERAL NOTE GENERAL NOTES, LEGEND,
SYMBOLS & REFERENCES FOR
FLOW DIAGRAM
5~8 P & ID FLOW DIAGRAM PROCESS AREA
9 P & ID FLOW DIAGRAM TANK YARD
10 PLOT PLAN
11 GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
12 P & ID FLOW DIAGRAM MISCELLANEOUS
13,14 UTILITY FLOW DIAGRAM STEAM SYSTEM
15 UTILITY FLOW DIAGRAM REFRIGERATION SYSTEM &
HEATING SYSTEM
16,17 UTILITY FLOW DIAGRAM WATER SYSTEM * 2
18 UTILITY FLOW DIAGRAM FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM
19 UTILITY FLOW DIAGRAM AIR & INERT GAS SYSTEM
20 UTILITY FLOW DIAGRAM FUEL SYSTEM
21 UTILITY FLOW DIAGRAM FLARE & VENT SYSTEM
22 UTILITY FLOW DIAGRAM WASTE EFFLUENT SYSTEM
23~27 UTILITY FLOW DIAGRAM MISCELLANEOUS SYSTEM * 3
28~49 RESERVED
* 1 In general, material balance has to be written in PFD. But, just material balance
only can be prepared in some cases.
* 2 Consider the followings as a name of Water.
Potable (or Drinking) Water

Industrial Water
Filtered Water
Pure (or De-mineralized) Water
Polished Water
Process Water
(Circulating) Cooling Water
(Cooling) Sea Water
Hot (or Tempered) Water
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Chilled (or Refrigerated) Water
Also, in addition to these, Brine (i.e. Calcium Chloride Solution, Salt Solution,
etc.) can be included in the drawing number 16 or 17.
* 3 The followings as miscellaneous items can be considered.
Seal Fluid System

Lubrication System
Hydraulic System etc.
In general, interconnecting P&ID and UFD can also be included in the

miscellaneous category.
4 Data required for preparation of P&ID & UFD and the contents of note at each issuing stage.
4.1 Data Requirements

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Required data for preparation of P&ID & UFD are listed below:
(a) Contract (Especially, applicable regulations and standards, standards, design philosophy or
conditions, operational guarantee, test methods, sampling methods, etc. that are specified
in the contract)
(b) Material, heat and pressure balance
(c) Equipment type, piping design calculation
(d) Process Flow Diagram
(e) Utility Balance Diagram
(f) Equipment List
(g) Symbol of Equipments and piping
(h) Symbol of instrument
(i) Line number selection method and piping specification
(j) Process Sketch and Engineering Drawing
(k) Pump and Compressor Data Sheet
(l) Heat Exchanger Data Sheet and Engineering Drawing
(m) Heater Data Sheet
(n) Other special equipment data sheet
(o) Instrument Process Data and Instrument Schedule
(p) In-line equipment Process Data Sheet and Specification Sheet
(q) Vendor drawing or data sheet for equipment and instrument
(r) Manual and Standard (Refer to paragraph 1.3)
(s) In addition to the above, job special specification
(t) Operation manual or guide
(u) Safety equipment design or installation for preventing overpressure
(v) Accessories installation for preventing overpressure
(w) Comparison of regulation and standard for pressure vessel and boiler
4.2 Note contents for each issuing stage of P&ID and UFD (1/5)
ISSUE STAGE Note Contents

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(1) PRELIMINARY a) Basic structure and Flow for Process and Service
b) Items associated with Equipment
i) Equipment's Item Number and service name
Usage purpose in piping design ii) Equipment type and drive type with figure
In terms of time schedule of piping design, iii) Piping connected with equipment, the shape of Vent
it will be used for preparation of /Drain, Instrument nozzle, built-‐in level gauge,
information and various design during basic sight Glass, Nozzle for lightning, etc
design. iv) Insulation and external steam coil or trace
a) Plot Plan Preparation v) In case of lump-‐sum order to maker, scope of handling and tie-‐in
b) Routing Study and Critical Line (Directed by Project team)
Study c) Piping Items
c) Civil Information i) Piping classification (Classification between Main
i) Building(Compressor Room etc) piping, general piping and instrumental piping,
Study aboveground and underground piping, double piping, etc)
ii) Information preparation for ii) Piping branch and join
Concrete, Steel Structure and iii) Flow direction
Pipe Rack iv) Piping size (about main piping)
d) Piping Specification vii) Class Break (and Design Break)
viii) Figure of piping
ix) Insulation and Trace
x) Vent and Drain for fluid and method for release
xi) Process requirement
Ex) * Relative location of valve in terms of Layout
* Requirement for Symmetrical piping
* Requirement for straight run length or distance
except instrument
* Requirement for Cleaning line
(At Job Starting time, Classify description of P &
ID / UFD and description of Note, to be discussed
with each design department and project)
d) Instrument and electricity
i) Measuring point
ii) Instrumental and control system
iii) Location of safety device installation & way to release
4.2 Note Contents for each issuing stage of P & ID and UFD (2/5)

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(2) APPROVED FOR PLANNING (AFP) a) Follow-‐up of Preliminary Issue content

(Hold Point, additional equipment, etc)
b) Equipment
Usage Purpose in Piping Design i) Equipment's internal structure
In terms of time schedule design, It is (injection nozzle, internal coil, internal Baffle, Tray
used for preparation work to determine no, packing, de-‐mister, screen, spray nozzle, spray ring,
various problems before starting piping steam silencer, vortex breaker, chemical foam nozzle )
drawing. ii) Piping size connected with equipment, requirement of
a) Plot Plan(AFC ISSUE) Preparation reducer, minimum flow or by-‐pass line
b) Final Issue of Civil Information (by information from detail design department)
c) AFC Issue of Piping Spec. iii) Class Break (or Design Break) when flange on equipment
d) Preparation of Piping Planning (including counter flange) is different with piping
drawing class (by information from detail design department)
e) Nozzle Orientation and Platform iv) Connection point detail in case of lump-‐sum order of
Ladder Information Maker (by information from detail design department)
f) Thermal stress calculation v) Loading and unloading of Chemicals, catalysts, product
g) Preparation of Underground Piping vi) Seal type of equipment
Drawing
h) Piping Material 1st Take off. c) Piping Item
i) Piping Size, fluid symbol, Class symbol
ii) By-‐pass Line
iii) Piping specialty
(Flame Arrester, Sight Glass, Filter, Strainer, Steam
Trap, Flexible Hose, Expansion Joint, Flexible Joint,
etc)
iv) Sampling Connection
v) Loading Arm
vi) Hose Connection and Hose Station
vii) Safety Shower, Eye Washer and distributor

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viii) Caution in Piping Design Work

Example:
* Relative location of valve is required in terms of layout.
(Place closely, install it at operable position that could see the gauge,
install it within minimum distance from branch or equipment because
of easily plugging piping)
* There is elevation limit in terms of process engineering.
(Seal height, Angle of repose, gravity flow line, skirt
height, severe NPSH, relative position between tower and re-‐boiler,
relative position between tower and reflux drum (gravity flow case)
etc)
* Range of sloped line and slope
* Pocket and trap installation is not allowable in piping
* Minimum distance from equipment or branch is required because
piping is likely plugging
* Suggestion of Future Provision
* In case that there is any directions for piping connection
* There is requirements of piping assembling for reason of cleaning,
maintenance or process.
(There is requirement of installation position for instruments and
control valve, requirement for piping route, gauge required to replace
spool piece when re-‐generation, etc. piping and its connection kept in
warehouse, in case that it is necessary for changing and attachment of
in-‐line equipment and temporary piping when performing start up,
shut down and performance test, in case of installing piping that is
easily disassemble by inserting flange for each fixed distance (about 5m
in general) for cleaning purpose, direction of connection for
maintenance (Water jet cleaner's connection, connection for inserting
connection pig for use of water filling, There is requirement of pipe
assembling method detouring instrument such as control valve for use
in chemical cleaning)

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(Note): * Other things that caused some problems in the past and
Recently, work case that line numbering countermeasure for it.
is completed in the AFP stage has been (Classify the things about the memo and about marking on
increased. P&ID and UFD at the time of job start. Adjustment with project
team and technical discipline departments)
ix) Completion of line numbering (Area classification and
putting serial number)
d) Instrumental and electrical item

i) Type of instrument device
ii) Instrument connection size and requirement of reducer
iii) Clear indication of instrument signal
iv) Straight run length required for special gauge and location of
detecting element
v) Safety device Connection Size and reducer requirement
vi) Sequence and Interlock system (Determine scope of maker
based on the information from detail design department)
vii) Gauging, indicating the Location of alarm light, control result, and
distinguishing (local control panel, local gauge board, main control
panel, etc)
viii) Instrument tag number (by information from design
department)
ix) Static electricity bonding (At the time of job starting, it needs to
determine by memo at P & ID / UFD)
x) Instrumentation batch system

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(3) APPROVED FOR DESIGN (AFD) a) Follow-‐up the note contents in AFD
(Client comments, Hold point, additional items, etc)
Purpose in piping design
Issue before starting piping drawing b) Equipment related items (by information from instrument department)
work i) Finalizing connection parts with Maker
a) Preparation of piping drawing ii) Finalizing the way of release, equipment vent and drain
b) Piping B/M
c) Piping Hanging Design c) Piping related items
i) Completion of line numbering (Area classification and
fill up of serial number)
ii) Tag number of in-‐line equipment
iii) Vent and drain required in terms of piping and test plan
and its way of release
iv) Finalizing the connection parts with In-‐line equipment maker
a) Follow-‐up of note contents for AFC (Hold Point, occurrence of revised

(4) APPROVED FOR CONSTRUCTION (AFC) parts after AFD)
a) Writing down the errors found, revised and corrected items that were
found during construction.
(5) AS BUILT DRAWING
5. General Note for P & ID and UFD

As common items for P&ID and UFD, prepare "General Notes and Legend & Symbols" used in
flow diagram as drawing number 4.
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Complete the note contents by writing down the necessary items based on SECL standard P&ID
Symbols and Legend and the followings.
(1) Instrument Symbols and Legend

(2) Piping Symbols and Legend
(3) Reference Drawings (or Drawing Index)
(4) General Notes
(5) Line Service Identification
(1) Instrument Symbols and Legend

In principle, it should follow the expression methods and symbols described in Standard P&ID
Symbols and Legend. In cased that additional rules and some revisions on Standard P&ID
and Legend are necessary, it should be performed after discussion with the team leader and
part leader as a special job item. Also project manager’s approval is required before adopting
the agreed results.
(2) Piping Symbols and Legend

It is same as described in paragraph (1).
(3) Reference Drawings (or Drawing Index)

Type of flow diagram and drawing number (including revision number) that is directly related
P&ID and UFD are listed below:
(a) Process Flow Diagram (PFD)

(b) Utility Balance Diagram (UBD)
(c) Piping & Instrument Diagram (P&ID)
(d) Utility Flow Diagram (UFD)
(e) Vendor‘s Drawing * 1
Note: * 1 = Regarding vendor’s drawing, prepare list in case that it is referred in P&ID or
UFD.
(4) General Note

Write down the notes related to overall or various parts of P&ID and UFD in this section.
For example,
(a) Type and size rule of vent and drain valve to be attached to piping in case of
abbreviation
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(b) Type and size rule of main instrumental valve in case of abbreviations
(c) General process requirements for piping that handles special fluids
(d) In case that the provisions specially for the following are required:
* Countermeasure for highly hot area
* Countermeasure for cold area
* Prevention of Freezing or solidification
* Countermeasure for preventing interruption of electric power
(5) Line Service Identification

Write down the fluid symbols used in line number of P&ID and UFD.
(Refer to Section 7.4.2)
6. Major Review Items for P&ID and UFD preparation

In principle, review of the following basic items or design calculation should be completed when
starting P&ID and UFD preparation work:
(a) Material, heat and pressure balance calculation

(b) Piping design calculation for major equipments
(c) Process Flow Diagram
(Major Control System)
(d) Job specific items (including contract contents, various symbol selection)
In this section and section 7, various expression methods and items that need to be reviewed in
preparation of P&ID and UFD are listed below: Prepare separately for the method of detailed
consideration.
(1) Items for applied law and regulation

(2) Review items for process and operation
(3) Review items for maintenance
(4) Review items for safety
(5) Others
(1) Items for applied law and regulation

Regarding the equipment or piping regulated by law and regulation, sufficient investigation and
review should be carried out because the rule in preparation of P&ID, UFD, safety device,
instrument, material, valve and others existed. Besides, information given in (u), (v) and (w)
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of section 4.1 can be used as references in this regard.
(2) Review Items for operation
(a) Prevention of freezing problem or countermeasures on high/low temperature region and

other special regions
(b) Insulation requirement
(c) Requirement of tracing, coil and jacket
(d) Consideration of low load operation
(e) Consideration of normal start-up and shut-down
(f) Consideration of emergency shut-down
(g) Consideration of initial start-up
(h) Import/Export consideration for utility, raw materials, Chemical, Utility, etc. at B.L.
(Pipe Line, Loading Arm, Tank Lorry, Bags or Drums, Bulk)
(i) Seal type of Tank
(j) Requirement of de-super heater
(k) Requirement of by-pass line
(Instrument, Control Valve, Compressor & Blower, Pump (including min. flow), etc.)
(l) Requirement of water spray
(m) Condensate treatment method
(n) Selection of valve type, method of installation and combination
(Double Block & Bleeding System, etc)
(o) Selection of vent and drain method
(p) Seal leg requirement
(q) Fluid that requires special handling (Refer to maintenance items)
(r) Review of instrumentation type
(s) Review of Sewer classification
(t) Selection of Flexible Hose type
(u) Selection of Blind type
(v) Regarding utility for rotating machine
(w) Selection of Sampling type
(x) Selection of Steam Trap type
(y) Review of chemical(Including inhibitor) injection point
(z) Requirement of silencer
(aa)Review of driver type for the large size valve (i.e. Motor, Gear or Manual)
(bb)Regeneration method of catalyst, etc
(3) Review items in terms of maintenance
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(a) Review item in case that internal check and cleaning is required after partly separating
during plant is running.
(i) Fluids that require careful handling

Easy to be polymerized – containing unsaturated compounds
Easily crystallized, solidified or causing scale problems,
Slurry that can be precipitated
Easily foamed or bubbled
Explosive, combustible gas or the mixture with combustible gases
Combustible fluids or powder materials that can easily cause fire by static
electricity
Toxic (poisonous) gas
Fluids that can hardly be colored
(ii) Process that requires Campaign Operation
(iii) Batch Process
(iv) Others
* Venting method (Atmospheric release, Closed vent system, Flare or Stack
etc.)
* Drain method
* Heating method such as steam tracing, etc
* Cleaning method
(Disassemble, Chemical Cleaning, Jet Cleaning, Pig, Air or Nitrogen, Purge,
Steam Purge, etc.)

* Vent nozzle, Light Hole & Sight Hole
* Hose Connection & Station
* Disassembling equipment and other tools
(Hoist, Crane, Chain Block, other tools)
* Cleaning Fluid, Post-treatment of substitution gas
(b) Periodical repair

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(4) Safety Review Items
(a) Emergency Plan

(i) Interruption of electric power (Emergency source of electricity, Auto-Start,
Valve Action etc.)
(ii) Instrument air failure (Interlock, Valve Action etc.)
(iii) Cooling water Failure (Interlock etc.)
(iv) Steam Failure (Interlock etc.)
(v) Others, fluid pressure, liquid seal, etc
(b) Countermeasure for static electricity
(c) Requirement of Flame Arrester installation
(d) Requirement of Safety Valve, Rupture disc, Breather Valve, Vacuum Breaker installation
(e) Interlock for protecting equipment and installation
(f) Class Break (or Design Break)
(g) Notes for valves that is important in terms of safety
(Locked Open or Close, Car Seal Open or Close etc.)
(h) Installation of Check Valve, Blind, etc.
(i) Burn Prevention and Fire Protection
(j) Fire Fighting
(Fire Extinguishers, Water Curtain or Steam Curtain, Sprinkler etc.)
(k) Requirement of Safety Shower and Eye Washer
(5) Others
(a) Utility supply for building

(Control room, switch room, office, maintenance shop, gate house, canteen, warehouses,
etc.)
(b) Future Expansion
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7. Major Expression Method in Preparation of P & ID and UFD

7.1 Type of Line Expression
Symbol Application
Phantom 1.0 mm Battery Limit
Bold line 0.9 mm Process Main Line
Lines except process main line and utility flow diagram lines
Line width 0.5 mm
Phantom 0.5 mm Scope of Vendor. Scope of Detail drawing

Lead line of Equipment and Instrument, Circle fill with tag
Line width 0.3 mm number of instrument. ex) Jacket
Dotted line 0.3 mm Steam Tracing, Instrument Signal
7.2 Item Expression

There are two methods indicating Item Number.
When preparing the job start list, how to express should be determined.
7.2.1 In case that classifying which plant the item is included in is necessary.
A-DA 303
CO2 Product Wash Cooler
7.2.2 In case that classifying which plant the item is included in is not necessary.
DA 303
CO2 Product Wash Cooler
7.2.3 Due to the client’s request (or licenser), other item number assigning method that is
difference from SECL's has to be used in some case. In this case, it needs to use
two kind of item number. (In principle, write down client's item number first and then
put the SECL's inside of parenthesis)
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7.2.4 Due to client's request or domestic project, there is a case that short specifications
needs to be put in P&ID and UFD. In this case, standard expression is as follows.
- Tower: Capacity (No. of Tray or Packing Height), Size(Dia*Height), Design
Pressure,
Design Temperature, Material
- Drum/Tank: Capacity (Volume), Size(Dia*Height), Design Pressure, Design

Temperature,
Material
- H/E: Capacity (Heat Duty or Surface Area), Size (Shell ID * Tube Length), Design
Pressure (S/T), Design Temperature (S/T), Material (S/T)
- Pump/Compressor: Capacity (Flow Rate), Differential Head, Driver H.P, Material
7.3 Various Expression Symbols

In this section, expression symbols that are generally used in various plants are provided. In
principle, use the following symbols. However, in case that special items or further detailed
expression method is requested by the client and licenser or the symbols given here are not
sufficient to show, most appropriate expression symbols shall be determined as a special item.
7.3.1 Equipment Form and Shape

(1) Tower
(a) Vertical Straight Column
(b) Two Diameter Column

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(2) Tank/Drum
(a) Ball Type, Spherical
(i) Single Wall (ii) Double Wall
(b) Cylindrical
(i) Vertical
(ii) Horizontal
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(c) Low Pressure Tank

(i) Dish Head, Cone Bottom
(ii) Flat Head, Cone Bottom
(iii) Flat Head & Bottom
(iv) Cone Roof Tank

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(v) Dome Roof Tank(Single Wall)
(vi) Dome Roof Tank (Double Wall)
(vii) Open Floating Roof Tank
(viii)Closed Floating Roof Tank
(ix) Water (Liquid) Sealed Gas Holder

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(x) Dry Sealed Gas Holder
(d) Rectangular Type

(i) Flat Bottom
Same as (C) - (iii)
(ii) Pyramid Bottom

Same as (C) - (ii)
(e) Other
(i) De-aerator
or
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(ii) In case of Pot or Boots
or
(iii) In case that flange exists on equipment body

Example for cylinder type
or
(iv) Regarding the jacketed vessel, refer to Section 3)-(e)

(v) In case that more than two vessels become one body or expression
method on vessel with heat exchanger system, refer to Section 7.3.1-23)
(vi) Regarding the particular shape of vessel, draw it similar to the real
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shape.
(3) Heat Exchanger

(a) Shell & Tube Type
Refer to Section (h) P.43 for the expression method by TEMA type. Also,
refer to the mark given in P.45 for simple expression method on Shell &
Tube and Kettle type.
(i) Horizontal type
(ii) Vertical type
(b) Kettle type
or
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(c) Pipe type

(i) Double Pipe type
(ii) Cascade type (Irrigation, Trombone and Spray type)
(Note): In case of pipe type exchanger, add it under the item number so that the
parallel or hair pin number can be seen. (Example): 8Hair Pins * 2
Parallel
(d) Coil type

(i) Internal Coil
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or
(ii) External Coil
(e) Jacket type
(f) Air cooled type

(i) In case of Forced Draft Fan (2 Fans type)
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(ii) In case of Induced Draft Fan (2 Fans type)
(iii) FOR PFD
(g) Other
(i) Plate type and Plate Fin type
2 Fluid Case:
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3 Fluid Case:
or
(ii) Spiral type
(iii) Block type
(iv) Aero-Fin Heater
(h) In expression of Shell-Tube heat exchanger by TEMA classification, Head type

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of heat exchanger is to be indicated in P&ID and UFD. But, for design

convenience, expression method based on TEMA classification can be used in
some case as follow. Adoption of this method would be determined at the
time of job start.
(i) AEL
(ii) AEU
(iii) BEM
(iv) AJS
(v) AGT
(vi) CFU
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(vii) BKU
(viii) AKT
(i) Simplified Expression Method of Shell-Tube type and Kettle type

Use Simplified method for PFD preparation. This method can also be used
for
P&ID by the agreement with client at the time of job starts.
Example) EA-301
TEMA Type : AEM
(i) Shell-Tube type
or
(ii) Kettle type

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(j) Jet Condenser
(k) Surface Condenser
(4) Pump
(a) Horizontal Centrifugal Pump
In general, it is same as (ⅰ). But, in case that it is necessary at the
client’s request, the expression method described in (ii) and (iii) can be
referred. (i) Volute and Turbine or
Diffuser type
(ii) Propeller Pump

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(iii) Non-Seal type (Canned Pump)
(iv) Centrifugal Pump for PFD (No Horizon/Vertical classification)
(b) Vertical Centrifugal Pump

(i) Submerged pump (drive above liquid level) (ii) Installation outside
vessel
(c) Reciprocating Pump

In general, it can be shown as (i) or (ii). When it is necessary to classify
according to Licenser’s request, the method shown in (iii) can be used
(indicate as job specific item).
(i) Piston type and Plunger type (Single Stage)
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(ii) Piston type and Plunger type (Multi Stage)
(iii) Diaphragm type
(iv) Direct Acting Steam
(d) Vertical Type Reciprocating Pump
(e) Rotary Pump

Expression method of Rotary Pump is as shown in (i). In case of Screw
Pump, it can be classified as shown in (ii).
(i) Gear Pump/Rotary Pump/Regenerative Turbine Pump

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(ii) Screw type
(f) Other
(i) Snake Pump
Note: 1. Expression of Jacket Pump
2. Pump that is attached with wheels (i.e. Movable Pump)
(5) Blower and Fan

(a) Centrifugal Type (Turbo Blower)
In general, it is as shown in (i). But, if necessary, it can be shown as (ii) at
the licenser’s request.
(i) Common or Normal Type
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(ii) Axial (Propeller Fan)
(b) Roots Blower
(c) Blower for PFD
(6) Compressor
(a) Centrifugal (Turbo Compressor)
(i) Common or Normal Type (PFD common use)
(ii) Tandem type (Expander)
(b) Reciprocating
(i) Single-Stage type
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(ii) Multi-Stage type

Example for 2 stages.
(c) Rotary Type
(7) Vacuum Pump

(a) Reciprocating vacuum Pump
(b) Water seal vacuum Pump (NASH Type)
(c) Screw (Eccentric) vacuum Pump
(d) Mechanical Booster (Roots-Pump)

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(e) Steam-Ejector, Air Ejector and Water Jet-Condenser
(8) Heater and Boiler

The simple expression as shown below is employed. In special case, it can be
shown as the figure that is fitted to the furnace structure.
(a) One Cell type (Gas Damper should be shown in P & ID)
or
(b) Twin (or two cell) type
(c) Boiler, Economizer, Super Heater
(9) Dust Collector (Gas-Particle Separation)

(a) - (e) show the internal structure to differentiate from others. Refer to "7.3.2
(9) P. 84 Filter Element" for the symbol of internal figure.
(a) Plate Type Suction Filter
(i) Atmospheric Suction type (Suction Filter)
or
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(ii) In-line installation type (In-line Suction Filter)
(b) Cylinder Type Filter

(i) Single Cylinder type
or
(ii) Multiple Cylinder type
or
(c) Bag Filter

(i) Common or Normal Type
(ii) Screw-Conveyer installed

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Notes: In case that vibrator is attached, put

or In case that Motor is attached, put
(d) Cyclone
(i) Single Stage type
(ii) Multiple Stage type (Parallel Connection)

(iii) Multi-Stage Cyclone (Series Connection)

(e) Dust Chamber Air Tumbler (Bag Filter House)

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(f) Electro Static Precipitator (ESP)
(g) Venturi-Scrubber
(10)Filtering and Precipitation Equipment (Liquid-Solid Separation)

(a) Filter Press
(b) Pressure Leaf Filter (Cartridge Type)

Since there are various kinds of leaf filter, it needs to modify realistically.
(c) Sand Filter

(i) Gravity Flow Type
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(ii) Pressure Type
(d) Drum type (Oliver type) Filtering equipment

Among many different types, its name and attachment needs to be modified
realistically.
(i) Common or Normal type
(ii) Belt type and String type
(e) Thickener
(11)Centrifugal Separator, Centrifugal Precipitator

There are many kinds of centrifuges. Except for the following types, it should be
shown realistically according to given conditions.
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(a) Basket Type Centrifuge

(i) Vertical Type
(ii) Horizontal Type
(b) Disk Type Centrifuge

(i) Vertical Type
(ii) Horizontal Type
(c) Solid Bowl Type Centrifuge

(i) Vertical type
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(ii) Horizontal type
(d) Push Basket Type Centrifuge
Note: Specify number of motor.
(12) Crusher, Mixing equipment

In principle, it should be shown as follow:
(a) Roll Crusher
(i) Double Roll Crusher (Mill)
(ii) Single Roll Crusher (Mill)
(b) Hammer Mill

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(c) Ball Mill
(d) Gyratory Crusher, Cone Crusher
(e) Jaw Crusher
(f) Rod Mill
(g) Pug Mill
Note: In case of two axis, show both.

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(h) Disintegrator
or
Note: In case of two motors, write down that type.
(i) Urea Crusher
(j) Double Cone Mixer
(k) V-Mixer
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(l) Ribbon Mixer
(m) Kneader Mixer
or
Note: In case that the shape of two rotating axis is different, put it shape
and some equipment is attached with jacket.
(n) Screw Extruder
Note: In case that jacket exists, write down its shape and show the in/out
of utility line.
(13) Granulator (Pelletizer)

(a) Drum Granulator (Drum Pelletizer)
Note: In case that hot air blow is contacted, show that line.
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(b) Pan Granulator (Pan Pelletizer)
(14) Solid drying and cooling device

There are various type of drying device such as draft, spray, rotating, fluidization
bed etc.. So, it needs to be shown closely to real figure. Refer to the
following examples:
(a) Rotary Dryer (Rotary Cooler)
(b) Band Dryer (Band Cooler)
(c) Spray-Dryer
(i) Nozzle type
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(ii) Disk type
(d) Fluidized dryer

(i) Parallel multi cell 1 stage type
(ii) Parallel multi cell 2 stage type
(iii) Fluidizing Bed Cooler

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(15) Screen
(a) Vibrating Screen
(i) Single Deck
Note: In case that vibrator is with motor driven
Use instead of
(ii) Double Deck
Note: In case that vibrator is with motor driven
Use instead of
(b) Grizzly Screen

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(c) Trommel
(16) Conveyor
(a) Bucket Elevator (b) Belt Conveyor
(c) Screw Conveyor

(i) Single Screw (ii) Double Screw
Note: In case of 2 motors, show

both.
(d) Roller Conveyor
Note: In case of Motor driven, show .

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(e) Vibrating Conveyor
Note: In case that vibrator is with motor driven,
Show instead of ,
(f) Chain Conveyor

(i) Slat Conveyor
(ii) Apron Conveyor
(iii) Pan Conveyor
Note: Revise properly according to the type of conveyor.
(iv) Flow Conveyor
or
F type L type
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(g) Air Slide Conveyor
(17) Feeder
(a) Rotary Valve (Feeder)
(b) Constant Feeder
(c) Table Feeder
(d) Vibrating Feeder

It is same as (16)- (e)
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(18) Chute, Scraper, Tripper

(a) Dividing Chute
(b) Tripper
(i) Fixed type
(ii) Movable type
Note: In case of other type of drivers, needs to be

revised to other driver's symbol.
(c) Scraper
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(19) Bagging machine, measuring machine

(a) Packer Scale
Bagging Machine
(i) Manual type
(ii) Automatic type
(b) Belt Scale ㅇ Belt Weigher
(c) Weigher
(i) Weighing scale with support
·Gauge, sloped automatic type
(Portable type) (Fixed type)

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·Scale with weight type suspension
(Portable type) (Fixed type)

(ii) Platform balance
·Counterweight
·Platform balance with gauge
(d) Car (Truck, Forklift) Scale
(e) Hopper Scale (Load Cell)

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(f) Sewing Machine
(g) Heat Sealer
(h) Pelletizer
(20) Hoist or Winch

(a) Overhead Crane
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(b) Travelling Hoist
(c) Fixed Hoist

Chain Block
(d) Elevator or Dumb Weigher

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(21) Transportation and tool

(a) Truck (b) Shovel Loader
(c) Fork Lift (d) Diesel Locomotive
(e) Tank Lorry ( & Vacuum Car) (f) Dump Truck
(g) Hopper Truck
(h) Covered Wagon
or
(i) Open Wagon

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or
(j) Hopper Wagon
or
(k) Tank Car, Tank lorry
or
(l) Hand Cart
(sing wheel cart) (Drum Porter or Drum Carrier)
Rear Car
(m) Drum Lifter

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(17) Unloading facility

Describe the number of motor.
(a) Wagon Loader
(b) Ship Unloader (Bulk)
(c) Ship Loader

(i) For Bag
(ii) For Bulk

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(d) Reclaimer
or
(e) Stacker
(f) Lading Arm

(i) For Ship
or
(ii) For Tank Lorry & Car
or
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(Top Loading) (Bottom)
(23) Complex equipment

(a) 2 Stage Vessel (b) Internal Condenser Tower
(c) Tank including heater or cooler
or
(d) Vessel including Heater or Cooler
(e) Internal Reboiler Tower
(f) Combined Air Cooled Heat Exchanger

More than two are connected (Fan is common)
EA - 201 EA - 501
1st Condenser 2nd Condenser
(Combined with EA-501) (Combined with EA-201)
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(g) Others
For the equipment that has special shape, draw appropriate symbol closely
looking like the equipment shape.
(24) Others
(a) Pit
(i) No Partition exists (ii) Partition exists
(b) Electric Power Generator
(c) Vacuum cleaner

(i) Horizontal (ii) Vertical
(d) Pallet
(i) plate Pallet
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(ii) Box type Pallet
(e) For the equipment that has special shape, draw appropriate symbol closely
7.3.2 Internal parts of Equipments

(1) Fixed type (packing bed)
(a) 1 bed (b) multiple bed (ex. 2 bed)
(2) Fluidized type

If it is same as liquid phase, it does not need to be described. The distributor
of lower part gas is as follows.
(3) Tray
(a) Downcomer Tray
(b) Non Down-Comer Tray

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Note: Tray number shall be assigned to the top tray, bottom tray,
instrument installed tray, liquid
supplied or discharged tray. Tray number shall be
assigned as like top, bottom 1, 2, ---, etc.
(c) Chimney Tray
or
(4) Spray
(a) Spray pipe
or
(b) Spray Nozzle
(5) Mixer
There are various types of Impeller. Typical types are given in this section.
Other than these, appropriate symbol has to be selected based on the shape.
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Stage
shall to be described exactly.
(a) Propeller type (ex. 1 stage)
(b) Turbine type (ex. 2 stage)
(c) Paddle type (ex. 2 stage)
(d) Anchor Type
(e) Helical Type
(f) Others
For the equipment that has special shape, draw appropriate symbol closely
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(6) Baffle
(a) Common type
(b) Finger Type
or
(c) Cooling Baffle

Cooling water passes through internal of type (a) and (b) as follows.
or
Of many baffles, cooling baffle is described as follows.
DETAIL “A” cooling water

(7) Draft Tube
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(8) De-mister
or
(9) Filter Element

(a) Plate type
(b) Cylinder Type

(i) Single Cylinder
(ii) Multi Cylinder
(c) Bag Type

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(d) Packing Type

Refer to paragraph 7.3.2. (1) P.78
(e) Leaf Type
(10) Coil
(a) In case that Nozzle is Horizontal
(b) In case that Nozzle is Vertical
(11) Inlet Nozzle

(a) Connected into Bottom
(i) Welding with tank itself
or
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(ii) Double Nozzle (Inner/Outer)
(b) Short pipe is injected into internal
or
(12) Internal Baffle

In general, description is for tank or vessel only, not for exchanger.
or
(13) Vortex-Breaker
This is shown in (a). But, (b) and (c) may be used at
licensor's request, etc.
(a) Attached above Liquid Outlet Nozzle
(b) Attached above Liquid Outlet Nozzle

Baffle is installed to prevent incoming of rust.
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(c) Attached above Projection Nozzle
(14) Feeding Hopper

(a) Open
(b) Cover
(15) Others
(a) Trickle Valve
7.3.3 Driver
(1) Motor
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(2) Steam-Turbine
In general, it shows as (a). When it needs to be specially classified, it could
also show as (b).
(a) For Large, Compressor (b) For Small, Pump
(3) Gas-Turbine
(4) Diesel or Gas Engine
(5) Air (ex. Pneumatic Pump)
(6) Steam driven

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(7) Manual (ex. Pump)
Note: It is about Turbine and Engine. It can refer to Vendor P & ID because it
is for vendor's package. The scope of package shall be determined at
job start. Regarding other equipment,
instrument and piping, it needs to be described in SECL's P & ID and
UFD.
(8) Motor Belt
7.3.4 Piping, Connection, Valve, Pipe End Figure, etc

(1) Piping
(a) Piping (Refer to paragraph 7.1 P.33 for identification of line)
(b) Jacketed Line
(c) Underground or Buried
(d) Steam Traced

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(e) Electrically Traced
(f) Hot Water Traced
(g) Sloped Line(degree of slope should be written when necessary in the

process point of view)
(h) Crossed Line
(i) Crossing Not Connecting
(j) Obstructed Line
(k) Continuity Arrow
(l) Start point of Process Main Line in P & ID
(m) Through for process
(n) Duct
(o) Chute
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(p) Rubber hose
(2) Connection, etc

(a) Reducer
(b) Flange Connection
(c) Removable Spool Piece
(d) Line Blind
Reversible Blind (Normally Open)
Reversible Blind (Normally Close)
(e) Venturi Flow Nozzle
(f) Flexible Hose (Rubber, Vinyl, Stainless material)
(g) Expansion Joint (Bellows type)

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(h) Ball, Swivel, Universal Joint, etc
(i) Victaulic Joint
(j) Union Joint
(3) Valve
(a) Gate Valve
(b) Globe Valve
(c) Slide-Gate Valve
(d) Ball Valve (V Ball Valve)
(f) Cock or Plug Valve
(f) Needle Valve

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(g) Butterfly Valve
(h) Flush Bottom Valve
(i) Diaphragm Valve
(j) Check Valve
(k) Foot Valve Foot Valve With Strainer
(l) Vacuum valve (for High Vacuum) Vacuum Valve
(m) High pressure (Balance type) Valve
(n) Three-Way Valve
(o) Angle Valve
(p) Y type Valve
(q) Breather Valve

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(r) Damper
(s) Pinch Valve
(t) Jacket Valve
(u) Velocity Control Valve
(v) Regulator With Mechanical Link
(w) Safety Relief Valve
(x) Vacuum Relief Valve
(y) * PSV - Pressure Relieving Manway

* PVSV - Pressure / Vacuum Relieving Manway
Note: Special valve symbols for stop-check valve, expansion-gate valve,

quick-opening valve, vent valve, etc. must be determined based on
the discussion with other design departments.
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(4) Pipe End Figure

(a) Blind Flange
or
(b) Butt weld Cap
(c) Screwed Cap
(d) Pipe Plug
(e) Hose-Connection
(f) Quick-Coupling (Male) Quick-Coupling (Female)
(h) Silencer
(i) Hood
(j) Cover to prevent entering of rainy water

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7.3.5 Equipment Installation in Piping System

(1) Strainer
(a) Y-Strainer
(b) T-Strainer
(c) Other Type Strainer
(d) Duplex Strainer
(e) Flat Strainer (*.TS If Temporary)
(f) Conical Strainer (*.TS If Temporary)
(g) Bucket Type Strainer
(2) Sight-Glass
(a) Sight Glass (Looking Glass)
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(b) Body Sight Glass
(3) Flame-Arrester
(4) Drying agent
(5)
(a) Pressure Relief Rupture Disk
(b) Vacuum Relief Rupture Disk
(6) Oiler
(7) Trap
(a) Steam Trap & Condensate Drainer
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(b) Air Trap & Drainer
(c) Vacuum Trap
(8) Spray Nozzle
(9) Eye Wash
(10) Shower
(11) Mixer
(12) In-Line Filter
7.3.6 Insulation (Refer to Section 7.4.3 P. 159)xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

(1) Piping Insulation
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(a) Expression of Insulation

It should be marked at the end of Line Identification.
4-P-4032-AIA-H , 4-P-4032-AIA-C
(b) Insulation area and identification
(2) Equipment Insulation

(a) Show the necessity of insulation with deviant crease on Equipment and write
down the type of insulation as shown below:
(b) For Exchanger, it should be marked by identifying shell and tube type.
Note: Refer to Section 7.4.3 P. 159 for insulation symbols.

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
7.3.7 Flow Direction

(1) One Side Flow
(2) Both Side Flow
(3) Both Side Flow

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Note: But, show the main flow direction by
7.3.8 Spec.-Break and Design Break

In principle, it is better to use Spec. Break. But, use Design Break in case that
detail border line needs to be shown.
(1) Spec. Break (mark on the border when class symbol is different)
(2) Design Break (Even if class symbol is same, use design break on the border in
case that fluid symbol, design temperature, design pressure and insulation
necessity are different).
7.3.9 Sewer Type

(1) Storm Sewer (2) Oily Sewer
(3) Chemical Sewer (4) Process Sewer
(5) * Sewer (when necessary, use * with appropriate symbol according to the job
specific requirements)
7.3.10 Miscellaneous Symbol

(1) Vortex Breaker
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(2) Steam Injection silencer
(3) Air Foam Chamber
(4) Sampling Connection
(5) Sampling Connection With Sample Cooler
(6) Hose Station
(7) Battery Limits
(8) By Vendor
(9) By Customer
(10) Grade
(11) Locked Open (or Close)

Valve Stem is locked or open by key
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or
(12) Car Sealed Open (or Close)

(Valve Handle is fixed with chain)
or
(13) Sealed Open (or Close)

(Valve is painted to draw attention)
or
(14) Utility Connection
(15) Spare Nozzle
(16) Manometer Connection
(17) Equipment's Tangential Line
(18) Electro static bonding of piping (In principle, it does not need to note down. But
use this symbol in case that licensor requested)
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(19) This is a symbols for chemical loading by hand. Put the chemical name in
parenthesis.
7.3.11 Instrument symbol

(1) Basic composition
Instrument symbol is the symbol that can identify by showing variable and
function for each instrument gauge or loop. It consists of "letter symbol" and
"instrument gauge number". These can be shown with "figure symbol" in P &
ID and UFD.
(2) Expression Method

(a) The instrument symbol is as follows: But omit unnecessary symbols.
Letter Symbol Instrument Number
A - F I C 3 0 1 - A - 1 0 5
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (vii)
The above examples show flow rate record controller attached with alarm.
(i) Plant Classification Symbol

It shows as classification symbol in case that it is necessary to
classify as plant or Job. But, this type of classification is not
necessary in case that P&ID, UFD, Data Sheet, etc are prepared
separately according to Plant or Job.
(ii) First Letter

It is expression symbol showing variable according to Section (3) P.
105
(iii) Secondary Letter

It is expression symbol showing the function according to Section (3).
When it has various functions, it shows as combined them.
(iv) Process Number

It shows each process or each section within the plant and it marks
with one digit. Regarding thermometer having multiple measuring
points, it would be determined based on its importance.
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(v) Serial number

It shows as two serial numbers. In case that it has multiple
measuring points in same process or same section, it is used to be
classified according to Section (vii)-(a) using "00".
(vi) Additional symbol
It is a symbol for that there are more than two lines or equipment
with same purpose and same function. They are classified with letter
A through Z after writing down the same process number and serial
number.
(vii) Additional number
It should be less than 3 digits as shown below cases:
(a) When it needs to show those multiple measuring points
as one symbol as like multi point thermometer.
(b) In case of split control, it needs to show clearly each transmitter
and control if it does measure at one receiver by transferring
more than two detectors and control valves.
(b) Gauge number shall be assigned one digit to each one loop. However,
gauge number has to be assigned separately in case that it is connected
supportively to one loop.
Notes: 1. Additional symbols are shown as follows.
2. When there are more than two same types of elements in the
same loop and it needs to be classified, gauge symbol can be
shown to each element. Example:
(i)
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(ii)
(iii)
(3) Letter Symbol

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Letter symbol are provided in the following table:.

(a) Basic Letter Symbol
FIRST LETTER SECOND LETTER
MEASURED OR READOUT OR
LETTER
INITIATING MODIFIER PASSIVE OUTPUT MODIFIER
VARIABLE FUNCTION FUNCTION
A ANALYSIS ALARM
B BURNER FLAME USER'S CHOICE USER'S CHOICE USER'S CHOICE
C CONDUCTIVITY
(ELECTRICAL) CONTROLLER
DENSITY (MASS)
D DIFFERENTIAL
OR SPECIFIC
GRAVITY
E VOLTAGE (EMF) PRIMARY

ELEMENT
F FLOW RATE RATIO

(FRACTION)
G GAGING GLASS
(DIMENSIONAL)
H HAND (MANUALLY HIGH

INITIATED)
I CURRENT INDICATE
(ELECTRICAL)
J POWER SCAN
K TIME OR TIME CONTROL

SCHEDULE STATION
L LEVEL LIGHT(PILOT) LOW
M MOISTURE OR MIDDLE OR
HUMIDITY INTERMEDIATE
N USER‘S CHOICE USER'S CHOICE USER'S CHOICE USER'S CHOICE
O USER'S CHOICE ORIFICE

(RESTRICTION)
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P PRESSURE OR POINT (TEST

VACUUM CONNECTION)
Q QUANTITY OR INTEGRATE OR
EVENT TOTALIZE
R RADIOACTIVITY RECORD OR PRINT
S SPEED OR SAFETY SAFETY SWITCH
T EMPERATURE TRANSMIT
U MULTI VARIABLE MULTIFUNCTION MULTIFUNCTION MULTIFUNCTIO

N
V VIBRATION VALVE, DAMPER

OR LOUVER
W WEIGHT WELL
X UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED
Y USER'S CHOICE RELAY OR

COMPUTE
Z POSITION DRIVE,
ACTUATE
OR
UNCLASSIFIED
FINAL CONTROL
ELEMENT
(b) Special letter symbol

Special letter symbol except basic letter symbol are as follows.
No. Symbol Application
1 EM Emergency (13)
2 HH High High (show at the upper line (4)
3 LL Low Low (show at the lower line) (4)
4 FO Valve Open at the time of power source lost (normal operation) (14)
5 FC Valve Close at the time of power source lost (abnormal operation) (14)
Valve lock at the time of power source (14)
6 FL (No change of positioner)
Classify FLO/FLC according to valve open/close for the minimum signal
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Free valve operation even if there is no locker when lost power

7 FF
(Double-‐Action and motorized Valve)
8 HV Manual Control Valve installed in the field (Independently) (15)
9 RO Restriction Orifice
10 EO Valve open at emergency (14)
11 EC Valve close at emergency (14)
12 PSV Safety Valve and Relief Valve (Independently)
13 RD Rupture disc (Independently)
14 PU Manometer (Independently)
15 PL Panel Lamp (Independently)
16 PB Push Button Switch (Independently)
17 PH PH Meter (Independently)
18 ZO Valve Open Limit Switch (Independently)
19 ZC Valve Close Limit Switch (Independently)
20 MO Motor Operated
1) If analyzer is marked as the first letter "A", write down the measuring
composition at the figure symbol.
Example:
2) Use the function symbol “S” for On-Off Control and mark down (On-Off)
on figure symbol. Use the same expression in case of on-off control with
electrical relay. The emergency equipment, watch lamp, etc. should be
clearly classified.
Example:
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3) Show the function symbol "E" when Element itself is independently

installed or is supportively connected to the loop having other function.
4) "R" and "I" can not be written down together even if it has directive
function in case that the function is marked as “R”. For example, it
does not show as “PRI-101".
5) Use function symbol "T" when transportation body is installed solely and
is supportively connected to the loop having other function.
6) Variable symbol "U" will be used for the common alarm system that
collects various alarms as follows:
Multi Pen Recorder belongs to multi variable. But it doesn't express as

"UR" and the associated records in each loop should be established in
"R" body.
In other words, expression method in P & ID and UFD is:
or
should not be shown as:
or .
7) Trend recorder should be shown with "R". And “R” has to be shown in
the case of Trend by Hard Recorder. But, In case of DCS Trend, it
should use “R” or “I”. They should not used together. As Computer
Hard Disk Memory is increased, most “I” variables got the trend function
recently.
Example:
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8) It should use the function symbol, "W" when well is installed alone.
"TEW" is not appropriate way of expression even
if protective well is a part of the temperature element "TE".
9) Regarding variable and function expression "X", the contents of variable

and function should be shown in parenthesis ( ).
Example:
10) When there are more than 2 limit switches, 2 limit switches should be
shown and this rule is also applicable in case that it is related with
other figure symbol. Also, signal direction and function can be shown
expressed by a sentence.
Example:
11) Use Symbol "EM" to show the emergency valve. It is because EM is

input/output of Trip System.
12) Action expression of Control Valve is written down in figure symbol.

Example:
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13) "HV" has Control Valve characteristics (Equal Percentage, linear

characteristics) and it has to be shown on body of the valve that is
directly manually operating. But it is usually used in globe valve, needle
valve and so on.
14) Use “HS” for Change Over Switch.
15) Determine special expression method for gas detector.

(Show it according to the job specification)
16) Use function symbol “Y” for expression of calculation and relay for Add,
Subtract, Divide, Multiply, Signal Select, Signal Limit, Ratio Set, Signal
Convert, Root Extract. It should show at the upper side of
symbol’s outside. In general, it can be omitted when the existence and
function is clear.
(c) Method of Instrument symbols

AI Analysis Indication
AIC Analysis indication and control
AR Analysis record
ARC Analysis record control
BA Flame alarm
BI Flame indication
CA Electric conductivity alarm

CR Electric conductivity record
DI Density (or specific gravity) indication

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DIC Density indication and control

DR Density record
DRC Density record control
EI Voltage (Ampere or power) indicating

EMV Emergency valve
FA Flow rate alarm

FE Flow rate element
FG (Flow rate) Purge-Meter or Purge-Set
FI Flow rate indication
FIC Flow rate indication and control
FIQ Flow rate indication and totalized
FICQ Flow rate indication, control and totalized
FQ Flow rate totalized
FQC Flow rate totalized control

FR Flow rate record
FRC Flow rate record and control
FRQ Flow rate record and totalized
FRCQ Flow rate record, control and totalized
FDC Flow rate difference control
FDI Flow rate difference indication
FDIC Flow rate difference indication and control
FDR Flow rate difference record
FDI Flow rate difference indication
FS Flow rate switch
FT Flow rate transmitter
HC Remote manual control
HV Field manual control valve

HS Remote manual switch
JR Power indication
JRQ Power record and totalized
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LA Level (or interface) alarm

LC Level control
LV (Automatic) Level control
LG Level gauge
LI Level indication
LIC Level indication and control
LR Level record
LRC Level record and control
LS Level switch
LT Level transmitter
MA Moisture (or humidity) alarm

MI Moisture indicating
MIC Moisture indicating and control
MOV Motor operated valve
MR Moisture record
MRC Moisture record and control
OR Orifice Restriction
PA Pressure alarm
PC Pressure control
PCV (Automatic) Pressure control valve
PG Pressure Gauge, Draft-Gauge U type Manometer
PI Pressure indication
PIC Pressure indication and control
PR Pressure record
PRC Pressure record and control
PDA Pressure difference alarm
PDC Pressure difference control
PDCV (Automatic) Pressure difference control valve
PDG Pressure difference gauge
PDI Pressure difference indication
PDIC Pressure difference indication and control

PDR Pressure difference record
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PDRC Pressure difference record and control

PS Pressure Switch
PSV Safety, Relief Valve
PT Pressure transmitter
SA Speed (or revolution) alarm

SI Speed indication
SIC Speed indication and control
SR Speed record
SRC Speed record and control
TA Temperature alarm
TC Temperature control
TV Temperature control valve
TE Temperature element
TG Temperature gauge (Dial gauge)
TI Temperature indication
TIC Temperature indication and control
TR Temperature record
TRC Temperature record and control
TDI Temperature difference indication
TDIC Temperature difference indication and control

TDR Temperature difference record
TDRC Temperature difference record and control
TS Temperature Switch
TT Temperature Transmitter
TW Thermo well
UA Common Alarm (One common alarm collecting each alarm)
VT Vibration Transmitter
WI Weight indication
WIC Weight indication and control
WR Weight record
WRC Weight record and control
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ZA Position alarm
ZI Position indicating
ZS Position Switch (Limit Switch)
X Special variable and function is shown as following examples:

Torque
Television (camera and monitor)
Coefficient
Vibration
Noise
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(4) Instrument Line Symbol
NO. SYMBOL DESCRIPTION/APPLICATION

INSTRUMENT SUPPLY *
(a)
OR CONNECTION TO PROCESS
(b) UNDEFINED SIGNAL
(c) PNEUMATIC SIGNAL **
(d) or ELECTRIC SIGNAL
(e) HYDRAULIC SIGNAL
(f) CAPILLARY TUBE
(g) ELECTROMAGNETIC OR SONIC SIGNAL *** (GUIDED)
(h) ELECTROMAGNETIC OR SONIC SIGNAL *** (NOT GUIDED)
(i) INTERNAL SYSTEM LINK (SOFTWARE OR DATA LINK)
(j) MECHANICAL LINK
Note: 'Or' means user's choice. Consistency is recommended.

* The following abbreviations are suggested to denote the types of power supply.
These designations may also be applied to purge fluid supplies.
AS - Air Supply (Options) HS - Hydraulic Supply
IA - Instrument Air (Options) NS - Nitrogen Supply
ES - Electric Supply (Options) SS - Steam Supply
GS - Gas Supply WS - Water Supply
** The pneumatic signal symbol applies to a signal using any gas as the signal
medium. If a gas other than air is used, the gas may be identified by a note on the
signal symbol or otherwise.
*** Electromagnetic phenomena include heat, radio waves, nuclear radiation and
light.
(5) General Instrument of Function Symbols

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NO SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
(a) LOCAL FIELD INSTRUMENT
(b) INSTRUMENT ON PANEL OR HARD CONSOLE IN CENTRAL CONTROL ROOM
(c) INSTRUMENT ON LOCAL PANEL
INSTRUMENT, EITHER RACK MOUNTED OR BEHIND THE PANEL IN

(d)
CONTROL ROOM
(e) INSTRUMENT MOUNTED BEHIND THE LOCAL PANEL BOARD
(f) LOCAL INSTRUMENT FOR MORE THAN ONE FUNCTION
MICROPROCESSOR BASED INSTRUMENT DISPLAYED ON SHARED-CRT IN

(g)
CENTRAL CONTROL ROOM
(h) NOT NORMALLY ACCESSIBLE TO OPERATOR
(i) * IDENTITIES DETAIL FUNCTION
(j) DCS AUXILIARY INTERFACE DEVICE
(k) SEQUENTIAL LOGIC CONTROL IN DCS OR PLC
(l) INTERLOCK * : NUMBER CAN BE INSERTED, IF NECESSARY.
(m) COMPUTER
(n) PILOT LIGHT
* SYMBOLS FOR DETAIL FUNCTION

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∑ ADD OR TOTALIZE
SUBTRACT
× MULTIPLY
÷ DIVIDE
> HIGH SELECT
< LOW SELECT
√ EXTRACT SQUARE ROOT
± BIAS
l:l VOLUME BOOSTER
AVG AVERAGE
HIGH LIMIT
LOW LIMIT
DIR DIRECT
REV REVERSE
(6) Primary Element Symbols
ITEM NO SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
ANALYSIS
* IDENTIFIES KEY COMPONENTS
1
ONE BURNER ULTRA-VIOLET FLAME

B DETECTOR CONNECTED TO
ANALOG-TYPE FLAME INTENSITY
BURNER/FLAME INDICATOR
1
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 117 of 283
TWO BURNER FLAME ROD SENSORS

2 CONNECTED TO COMMON SWITCH
TELEVISION CAMERA AND RECEIVER TO

VIEW BURNER FLAME
3
DENSITY TRANSMITTER, DIFFERENTIAL

1
PRESSURE TYPE, EXTERNALLY
CONNECTED
DENSITY/
RADIOACTIVE TYPE DENSITY ELEMENTS
SP.GR 2
CONNECTED TO RECORDER ON PANEL
SPECIFIC GRAVITY TRANSMITTER FLOW

3
THROUGH TYPE
E
INDICATING VOLTMETER CONNECTED
VOLTAGE 1
TO TURBINE GENERATOR
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 118 of 283
LOW-VOLTAGE SWITCH CONNECTED TO

2
PUMP MOTOR
F
GENERAL SYMBOL THE WORDS
FLOW RATE 1
LAMINAR, ETC., MAY BE ADDED
ORIFICE PLATE WITH FLANGE OR

CORNER TAPS CONNECTED TO
2
DIFFERENTIAL-PRESSURE TYPE FLOW
INDICATOR
FLANGE OR CORNER TAP TEST

3
CONNECTIONS WITHOUT ORIFICE PLATE
ORIFICE PLATE WITH VENA CONTRACTA

4
TAPS
ORIFICE PLATE WITH VENA CONTRACTA,
RADIUS, OR PIPE TAPS CONNECTED TO

5
DIFFERENTIAL-PRESSURE TYPE FLOW
TRANSMITTER
RADIUS TAP TEST CONNECTIONS

6
WITHOUT ORIFICE PLATE
ORIFICE PLATE IN QUICK-CHANGE

7
FITTING
8 PITOT TUBE OR PITOT-VENTURI TUBE

SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 119 of 283
9 VENTURI TUBE
10 FLUME
11 WEIR
TURBINE OR PROPELLER TYPE PRIMARY

12
ELEMENT
13 VARIABLE AREA FLOW INDICATOR
POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT TYPE FLOW

14
TOTALIZING INDICATOR
FLOW ELEMENT WITH CONNECTION FOR

15
CONTROLLER
FLOW ELEMENT INTEGRAL WITH

16
TRANSMITTER
17 VORTEX SENSOR
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 120 of 283
18 TARGET TYPE SENSOR
19 FLOW NOZZLE
20 MAGNETIC FLOWMETER
MAGNETIC FLOWMETER WITH INTEGRAL

21
TRANSMITTER
SONIC FLOWMETER "DOPPLER" OR

22
"TRANSIT TIME" MAY BE ADDED
I
CURRENT TRANSFORMER MEASURING
CURRENT
1
CURRENT OF ELECTRIC MOTOR
J
INDICATING WATTMETER CONNECTED
POWER
1
TO PUMP MOTOR
K
1 CLOCK
TIME OR TIME-
SCHEDULE
MULTI POINT ON-OFF TIME SEQUENCING
2
PROGRAMMER POINT 7
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 121 of 283
TIME-SCHEDULE CONTROLLER, ANALOG

3 TYPE, OR SELF CONTAINED FUNCTION
GENERATOR
L
GAUGE GLASS, INTEGRALLY MOUNTED
LEVEL 1
ON TANK
GAUGE GLASS, EXTERNALLY

2
CONNECTED
WATER COLUMN WITH INTEGRAL GAGE

3
GLASS AND ALARM WHISTLE
LEVEL INDICATOR, WITH TWO

4
CONNECTIONS
DUPLEX LEVEL TRANSMITTER-

5
CONTROLLER, WITH TWO CONNECTIONS
LEVEL TRANSMITTER, WITH ONE

6
CONNECTION
LEVEL TRANSMITTER, DIFFERENTIAL

7 PRESSURE TYPE, EXTERNALLY
CONNECTED, WITH DIP TUBE
LEVEL TRANSMITTER DIFFERENTIAL

8
PRESSURE TYPE, MOUNTED ON TANK
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 122 of 283
9 LEVEL INDICATOR, FLOAT TYPE
CAPACITANCE OR DIELECTRIC TYPE

LEVEL ELEMENT CONNECTED TO LEVEL
10
TRANSMITTER (TAG LEVEL ELEMENT LE-
15)
LEVEL SWITCH, PADDLE WHEEL OR LEVER

11
TYPE, TO MEASURE LEVEL OF SOLIDS
RADIOACTIVE OR SONIC TYPE LEVEL

12
TRANSMITTER WITH INTEGRAL SENSOR
REMOTE VIEWING OF GAUGE GLASS BY

13
USE OF TELEVISION
14 LEVEL GLASS WITH ILLUMINATOR
MOISTURE RECORDER (IF THERE IS A

M
1 SEPARATE PRIMARY ELEMENT, IT SHOULD
BE TAGGED ME-2)
MOISTURE
HUMIDITY
SELF-CONTAINED HUMIDITY CONTROLLER
2
IN ROOM
P
PRESSURE INDICATOR, DIRECT
PRESSURE OR 1
CONNECTED
VACUUM
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 123 of 283
WITH PRESSURE LEAD LINE

2 PRESSURE INDICATOR CONNECTED TO
DIAPHRAGM SEAL WITH FILLED SYSTEM
LINE MOUNTED
3 PRESSURE INDICATOR CONNECTED TO
DIAPHRAGM SEAL WITH FILLED SYSTEM
PRESSURE ELEMENT, STRAIN GAUGE

TYPE, CONNECTED TO PRESSURE
4
INDICATING TRANSMITTER(TAG STRAIN
GAUGE PE-19)
COUNTING SWITCH, PHOTO ELECTRIC

1 TYPE, WITH SWITCH ACTION FOR EACH
EVENT
Q COUNTING SWITCH, PHOTO ELECTRIC

2 TYPE, WITH SWITCH ACTION BASED ON
QUANTITY CUMULATIVE TOTAL
3 INDICATING COUNTER, MECHANICAL TYPE

SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 124 of 283
1 RADIATION INDICATOR
RADIATION
RADIATION MEASURING ELEMENT AND

2
TRANSMITTER
S
1 SPEED TRANSMITTER
T
TEMPERATURE CONNECTION WITH
TEMPERATURE 1
WELL
TEMPERATURE TEST CONNECTION

2
WITHOUT WELL
TEMPERATURE ELEMENT WITHOUT

3 WELL (ELEMENT NOT CONNECTED TO
SECONDARY INSTRUMENT)
TEMPERATURE ELEMENT WITH WELL

4 (ELEMENT NOT CONNECTED TO
SECONDARY INSTRUMENT)
FILLED SYSTEM TYPE TEMPERATURE

5
INDICATOR WITH WELL
BIMETALLIC TYPE THERMOMETER,

GLASS THERMOMETER, OR OTHER
6
LOCAL UNCLASSIFIED TEMPERATURE
INDICATOR
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 125 of 283
THERMOCOUPLE, RESISTANCE BULB

(RTD) OR THERMISTOR (T) CONNECTED
7
TO TEMPERATURE INDICATOR (TAG
ELEMENT TE - 10)
THERMOCOUPLE CONNECTED TO MULTI

POINT INDICATOR RECORDING ON MULTI
8
POINT SCANNING RECORDER (TAG
ELEMENT TE-11-2)
THERMOCOUPLE PARALLEL WIRED TO

MULTI POINT INDICATOR AND MULTI
9
POINT SCANNING RECORDER (TAG
ELEMENT TE-1308/14-4)
DUAL OR DUPLEX THERMOCOUPLE

CONNECTED TO MULTI POINT
10
INDICATOR AND MULTI POINT SCANNING
RECORDER (TAG ELEMENT TE-15-7/16-2)
MULTI ELEMENT THERMOCOUPLE FOR

11 DIFFERENT ELEVATIONS, WITH WELL IN
TANK
THERMAL RADIATION TYPE

12 TEMPERATURE INDICATOR, SELF
CONTAINED
THERMAL RADIATION TYPE

13
TEMPERATURE ELEMENT
SURFACE MOUNTED TEMPERATURE

14
SENSOR
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 126 of 283
THERMOSTAT SENSING AMBIENT

15
TEMPERATURE
ALTERNATIVE 1 (TREATED AS DISTINCT
LOOPS)
1
LOW FLOW SWITCH ACTUATING ONE
POINT OF A MULTI POINT MULTI
VARIABLE ALARM ANNUNCIATOR
ALTERNATIVE 2
2 LOW FLOW SWITCH ACTUATING ONE
POINT OF A MULTI POINT MULTI
VARIABLE ALARM ANNUNCIATOR
U
MULTIVARIABLE
ALTERNATIVE 1 (TREATED AS DISTINCT
LOOPS)
3
LEVEL SIGNAL RECEIVED BY ONE POINT
OF A MULTI POINT MULTI VARIABLE
INDICATOR
ALTERNATIVE 2
4 LEVEL SIGNAL RECEIVED BY ONE POINT
OF A MULTI POINT MULTI VARIABLE
INDICATOR
VIBRATION,
MECHANICAL 1 VIBRATION TRANSMITTER FOR MOTOR
ANALYSIS
VIBRATION SWITCH (MANUALLY RESET

2
TABLE)
ACCELEROMETER WITH AUXILIARY

3
PANEL READOUT
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 127 of 283
MECHANICAL ANALYSIS IN THREE

4
PLANES
WEIGHT TRANSMITTER, DIRECT-

1
CONNECTED
WEIGHT OR STRAIN GAUGE CONNECTED TO

2 SEPARATE WEIGHT TRANSMITTER (TAG
FORCE STRAIN GAUGE WE-2)
3 WEIGH BELT SCALE TRANSMITTER

SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 128 of 283
1 ROLL THICKNESS TRANSMITTER
2 THICKNESS SWITCH, RADIOACTIVE TYPE
POSITION,
DIMENSION
LIMIT SWITCH THAT IS ACTUATED WHEN
VALVE IS ACTUATED WHEN VALVE IS
3
CLOSED TO A PREDETERMINED
POSITION
TURBINE SHELL/ROTOR DIFFERENTIAL

4 EXPANSION TRANSMITTER (TAG
PRIMARY ELEMENT ADE-4)
(7) Control Valve Body Symbols
NO. SYMBOL DESCRIPTION/APPLICATION
1 Gate Valve
2 Globe Valve
3 Butterfly Valve
4 Angle Valve
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 129 of 283
5 Bottom Discharge Valve or Flushing Valve
6 Ball Valve or V Ball Valve
7 Diaphragm, Saunders Valve
8 Three way Valve, Three way Ball Valve
9 Four way Valve, Four way Ball Valve
10 Slide Type Gate Valve
11 Damper or Lower
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 130 of 283
(8) Actuator Symbols
NO. SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
1 WITH OR WITHOUT POSITIONER OR OTHER PILOT
PREFERRED FOR DIAPHRAGM ASSEMBLED WITH PILOT * ASSEMBLY IS
ACTUATED BY ONE INPUT (SHOWN TYPICALLY WITH ELECTRIC INPUT)

2
PILOT CORRESPONDS TO POSITIONER, SOLENOID VALVE, SIGNAL
CONVERTER ETC. THIS SYMBOL IS USED WHEN PILOT IS NOT
REPRESENTED AND IS ABBREVIATED.
DIAPHRAGM, SPRING OPPOSED, WITH POSITIONER AND OVERRIDING

3
PILOT VALVE THAT PRESSURIZED DIAPHRAGM WHEN ACTUATED
4 DIAPHRAGM, PRESSURE BALANCED
SPRING-OPPOSED, SINGLE-ACTING
CYLINDER, WITHOUT POSITIONER OR OTHER PILOT
DOUBLE-ACTING
PREFERRED FOR ANY CYLINDER THAT IS ASSEMBLED WITH A PILOT

6
SO THAT ASSEMBLE IS ACTUATED BY ONE CONTROLLED INPUT
ROTARY MOTOR (SHOWN TYPICALLY WITH ELECTRIC SIGNAL. MAY BE

7
HYDRAULIC OR PNEUMATIC)
8 SOLENOID
PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE. A BALLOON WITH INSTRUMENT TAGGING, E.G., TY-1, MAY BE USED INSTEAD OF THE
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 131 of 283
INTERLOCK SYMBOL
ABB
REVIA
TION
CYLI
NDER
WITH
POSITI
ONER
AND
OVER
RIDIN
G
PILOT
VALVE
SINGLE ACTING CYLINDER (IMPLIED I/P)

10
CYLINDER WITH POSITIONER AND OVERRIDING PILOT VALVE
11 ELECTRO HYDRAULIC
VALVE ACTUATOR WITH ATTACHED ELECTRO PNEUMATIC

12
CONVERTER
LATCH TYPE ACTUATOR WITH RESET (SHOWN TYPICALLY FOR

13 SOLENOID ACTUATOR AND TYPICALLY WITH ELECTRIC SIGNAL FOR
REMOTE RESET, WITH MANUAL RESET ALTERNATIVE)
FOR PRESSURE RELIEF OR SAFETY VALVES ONLY : DENOTES A

14
SPRING, WEIGHT, OR INTEGRAL PILOT
15 HAND ACTUATOR OR HANDWHEEL

SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 132 of 283
(9) Symbols for Self-Actuated Regulations, valves and Other Devices
NO SYMBOL DESCRIPTION/APPLICATION
1 AUTOMATIC REGULATOR WITH INTEGRAL FLOW INDICATION
2 AUTOMATIC REGULATOR WITHOUT INDICATION
INDICATING VARIABLE AREA METER WITH INTEGRAL MANUAL

3
THROTTLE VALVE
RESTRICTION ORIFICE (ORIFICE PLATE, CAPILLARY TYPE OR MULTI

4
STAGE TYPE, ETC.) IN PROCESS LINE
RESTRICTION ORIFICE DRILLED IN VALVE (INSTRUMENT TAG NUMBER

5
MAY BE OMITTED IF VALVE IS OTHERWISE IDENTIFIED)
6 FLOW SIGHT GLASS, PLAIN OR WITH PADDLE WHEEL, FLAPPER, ETC.
FLOW STRAIGHTENING VANE (USE OF TAG NUMBER IS OPTIONAL. THE

7 LOOP NUMBER MAY BE THE SAME AS THAT OF THE ASSOCIATED
PRIMARY ELEMENT)
8 HAND CONTROL VALVE IN PROCESS LINE
HAND ACTUATED ON-OFF SWITCHING VALVE IN PNEUMATIC SIGNAL

9
LINE
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 133 of 283
10 HAND CONTROL VALVE IN SIGNAL LINE
11 LEVEL REGULATOR WITH MECHANICAL LINKAGE
PRESSURE REDUCING REGULATOR, SELF CONTAINED, WITH

12
HANDWHEEL ADJUSTABLE SET POINT
13 PRESSURE REDUCING REGULATOR WITH EXTERNAL PRESSURE TAP
DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE REDUCING REGULATOR WITH INTERNAL

14
AND EXTERNAL PRESSURE TAPS
15 BACK PRESSURE REGULATOR, SELF CONTAINED
16 BACK PRESSURE REGULATOR WITH EXTERNAL PRESSURE TAP
PRESSURE REDUCING REGULATOR WITH INTEGRAL OUTLET

17 PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE, AND OPTIONAL PRESSURE INDICATOR
(TYPICAL AIR SET)
PRESSURE RELIEF OR SAFETY VALVE, ANGLE PATTERN, TRIPPED BY

18
INTEGRAL SOLENOID
19 PILOT OPERATED RELIEF VALVE
20 TEMPERATURE REGULATOR, FILLED SYSTEM TYPE

SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 134 of 283
(10) Symbols for Actuated Action in the Event of Signal Failure
1 TWO-WAY VALVE, FAIL OPEN
2 TWO-WAY VALVE, FAIL CLOSED
3 THREE-WAY VALVE, FAIL OPEN PATH A.C
4 FOUR-WAY VALVE, FAIL OPEN TO PATHS A.C AND D.B
5 ANY VALVE, FAIL LOCKED (POSITION DOES NOT CHANGE)
6 ANY VALVE, FAIL INDETERMINATE

SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 135 of 283
(11) Function Symbols
ITEM NO SYMBOL DESCRIPTION/APPLICATION
SEPARATE ALARMS FOR ABNORMAL

1 LEVEL VERY HIGH, HIGH, LOW, AND
VERY LOW
ALARM COMMON ANNUNCIATOR FOR HIGH

2
AND LOW TEMPERATURE
ABBREVIATED SYMBOLISM FOR

3
SHARED DISPLAY SYSTEMS
*
C
TEMPERATURE INDICATING
CONTROL 1
CONTROLLER
SELF CONTAINED ON-OFF ROOM

2 THERMOSTAT ACTUATING PUMP
MOTOR
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 136 of 283
CASCADE CONTROL : FLOW

3 CONTROLLER SET BY LEVEL
CONTROLLER
TRANSMITTER IS NECESSARY IN CASE

4 OF SIGNAL BEING SPILT TO OTHER
RECEIVER
DIFFERENTIAL TEMPERATURE
1
INDICATOR
DIFFERENTIAL
HIGH DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE

2
SWITCH
FLOW-RATIO CONTROLLER FFY CAN

1
BE USED INSTEAD OF FY
RATIO THIS SCHEME IS NOT PREFERRED

2
BECAUSE OF IT'S NONLINEARITY
DIRECT CONNECTED COMPRESSION

3
RATIO RECORDER
VIEWING
SIGHT GLASS FOR INTERNAL
1
DEVICE, VIEWING
GLASS
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 137 of 283
1 MANUAL LOADING STATION
H
HAND ACTUATED ELECTRIC SWITCH,
2
HAND MOMENTARY
MANUAL LOADING STATION WITH

3
HAND ACTUATED SWITCHES
PRESSURE SCANNING TRANSMITTER

1 CONNECTED TO PROCESS POINTS 5,6,
7
J
SCAN
SAMPLE LINE CONNECTED TO BUTANE

CONCENTRATION TRANSMITTER
2
THROUGH EXTERNAL SAMPLE -
SCANNING VALVE
K
RECORDING FLOW CONTROL, WITH
CONTROL 1
ADDITIONAL FLOW AND PRESSURE
PENS, RECORDER IS A DEDICATED
STATION TYPE
RECORDING FLOW CONTROL.

2
RECORDER IS A CONFIGURABLE TYPE
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 138 of 283
3 DCS FLOW TRENDING
STARTING AND STOPPING SUMP

1 PUMP BY LAH/L-106. AND LEVEL IS
MONITORED BY LI-105
LIGHT OR
LOW
PILOT LIGHTS TO SIGNAL THAT
TEMPERATURE HAS RISEN TO
2
INTERMEDIATE, HIGH, AND VERY HIGH
VALUES
1 ANALYSIS TEST SAMPLE POINT
POINT
DISTILLATION COLUMN WITH

2 CONNECTION FOR ALTERNATIVE
LOCATION OR SENSOR
DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE TYPE FLOW
METER WITH
Q
(1) RECORDING OF FLOW RATE,
INTEGRATE
1 (2) INDICATION OF INTEGRATED
OR TOTALIZE
FLOW, AND
(3) SWITCH ACTUATED BY

INTEGRATED FLOW
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 139 of 283
METER WITH
(1) RECORDING OF FLOW RATE,

2 (2) INDICATION OF INTEGRATED
FLOW, AND
(3) SWITCH ACTUATED BY FLOW

RATE
RUNNING TIME TOTALIZER

3
CONNECTED TO PUMP MOTOR
R
MULTI POINT MULTI VARIABLE DATA
RECORD OR
1 LOGGER, UJR-100, WITH SWITCH FOR
PRINT POINT 7
S
LOW TEMPERATURE SWITCH WITH
1
SWITCH ONE OUTPUT FOR ALARM AND TRIP
ALTERNATE 1, LOW TEMPERATURE

2 SWITCH WITH TWO OUTPUTS FOR
ALARM AND TROP
ALTERNATE 2, LOW TEMPERATURE

3 SWITCH WITH TWO OUTPUTS FOR
ALARM AND TRIP
RECEIVER TYPE FLOW SWITCH

4
ACTUATING LOW FLOW ALARM
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 140 of 283
ALTERNATIVE 1, MULTI POINT

TEMPERATURE RECORDER WITH
5 INTEGRAL HIGH TEMPERATURE
SWITCH FOR POINT 4, OR COMMON
ALARM
ALTERNATIVE 2, MULTI POINT

TEMPERATURE RECORDER WITH
6 INTEGRAL HIGH TEMPERATURE
SWITCH FOR POINT 4, OR COMMON
ALARM
ONE POINT TEMPERATURE INDICATOR

7 WITH SEPARATE MANUAL SELECTOR
SWITCH
TRANSMITTER WITH THERMOCOUPLE

1 **
INPUT AND ELECTRIC OUTPUT
T
TRANSMITTER
2 ALTERNATIVE TO 1
TRANSMITTER WITH PNEUMATIC

3
OUTPUT
FLOW SIGNAL RECEIVED BY DCS

INSTRUMENT THAT INDICATES AND
RECORDS FLOW, HAS SWITCH TO
ACTUATE LOW FLOW ALARM, HAS A
U CONTROLLER TO ACTUATE A VALVE,
MULTIFUNCTION
1 RELAYS THE MEASUREMENT TO A
RECORDER ON CONSOLE,
INTEGRATES THE FLOW, INDICATES
THE INTEGRATED FLOW, HAS A
SWITCH TO ACTUATE A SOLENOID
VALVE AFTER A GIVEN INTEGRATED
FLOW HAS PASSED
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 141 of 283
VALVE,
1 CONTROL VALVE WITH HAND JACK
DAMPER, OR
LOUVER
Y ELECTRIC CURRENT SIGNAL

ACTUATING PNEUMATIC CONTROL
COMPUTE OR VALVE WITH SEPARATELY MOUNTED
1
ELECTRO PNEUMATIC CONVERTER.
RELAY THE CONVERTER SYMBOL MAY BE
OMITTED
ELECTRIC CURRENT SIGNAL TO

PNEUMATIC CONTROL VALVE
FURNISHED WITH ATTACHED
2
ELECTRO PNEUMATIC SIGNAL
CONVERTER. THE CONVERTER
SYMBOL MAY BE OMITTED
PRESSURE TRANSMITTER WITH RADIO

(OR LASER) OUTPUT, RADIO (OR
3
LASER) TO VOLTAGE CONVERTER,
AND PRESSURE RECORDER
SELECTOR CHOSE OUTPUT

4 REPRESENTS LOWER FLOW OF FE-
109A OR FT-109B
OVERHEAD CONTROL.
5 TANK OUTLET VALVE TO OPEN AS
REQUIRED BY THE HIGHER OR TWO
LEVELS
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 142 of 283
FEED FORWARD CONTROL WITH

6
TEMPERATURE FEEDBACK TRIMMING
MASS FLOW COMPUTATION

7 COMPENSATED BY PRESSURE AND
TEMPERATURE
Z
PROPORTIONING PUMP WITH
DRIVE, 1 AUTOMATIC AND MANUAL STROKE
CONTROL
ACTUATE, OR
UNCLASSIFIED
FINAL
CONTROL
ELEMENT TURBINE WITH AUTOMATIC AND

2
MANUAL SPEED CHANGER
* t is expected that control modes will not be designated on a diagram. However,

designations may be used outside the controller symbol, if desired, in
combinations such as , .
A controller is understood to have integral manual set-point adjustment unless
means of remote adjustment is indicated. The remote set-point designation is SP.
** See definition of converter versus transmitter.
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 143 of 283
(12) Miscellaneous combination
FLOW TRANSMITTER WITH TEMPERATURE

1 ELEMENT FOR TEMPERATURE
COMPENSATION
FLOW RECORDER WITH PRESSURE PEN

2 CONNECTED TO TAP OF DIFFERENTIAL
PRESSURE TYPE FLOW RECORDER
MANUAL LOADING STATION WITHOUT

3 OUTPUT GAUGE AND WITH FLOW RECEIVER
INDICATOR
TEMPERATURE CONTROL WITH

4
CONTROLLER AND REMOTE MANUAL GAIN
COMPLEX COMBUSTION CONTROL SYSTEM,

UY298, OF POWER BOILER ADJUSTING SET
5
POINT OF FLOW CONTROL SYSTEM FOR
PRIMARY AIR TO COAL PULVERIZER
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 144 of 283
PREFERRED METHOD SHALL BE USED IF

INTERLOCK LOGIC IS UNDEFINED OR COMPLEX.
MAY BE SUBSTITUTED FOR , IF
APPLICABLE. MAY BE SUBSTITUTED
FOR TO REFER TO INTERLOCK DETAIL
6 NO.1 TO BE DRAWN ELSE WHERE. THE OUTPUTS
OF TSL-300 AND PSH-301 MAY ENTER THE
INTERLOCK BOX SEPARATELY INSTEAD OF
JOINTLY AS SHOWN. FLOW CONTROL LOOP THAT
MAY BE BLOCKED BY INTERLOCK ACTUATED BY
EITHER LOW TEMPERATURE OR HIGH PRESSURE
OPTIONAL METHOD MAY BE USED IF RELAY UY-

303 EXISTS AND ONE DESIRES TO SHOW IT.
MAY BE OMITTED, IF DESIRED, AND SHALL
7 BE OMITTED, IF INTERLOCK LOGIC IS UNDEFINED
OR COMPLEX. FLOW CONTROL LOOP THAT MAY
BE BLOCKED BY INTERLOCK ACTUATED BY
EITHER LOW TEMPERATURE OR HIGH PRESSURE
SOLENOID PILOT VALVE ACTUATED BY HAND

8 ACTUATED SWITCH
ALTERNATIVE 1, PNEUMATIC PILOT VALVE

9 ACTUATED BY REMOTE HAND ACTUATED SWITCH
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 145 of 283
ALTERNATIVE 2, PNEUMATIC PILOT VALVE

10 ACTUATED BY REMOTE HAND ACTUATED
SWITCH
FLOW CONTROL LOOP WITH LOW LEVEL

11 INTERLOCK ACTUATED BY LEVEL SWITCH
LSL-311
PISTON ACTUATED ON-OFF VALVE TO BE

CLOSED BY LOW LEVEL OR HIGH
12 TEMPERATURE AND TO BE REOPENED BY
PUSHBUTTON RESET OF DOUBLE COIL
SOLENOID VALVE
WITHOUT OVERRIDE.
PRESSURE CONTROLLER ACTING
THROUGH SERVO VALVE ACTING AS
13 VOLTAGE TO HYDRAULIC CONVERTER TO
MODULATE DOUBLE ACTING CYLINDER
ACTUATED CONTROL VALVE HAVING
POSITIONING SYSTEM
WITH LOW FLOW OVERRIDE THROUGH
FOUR-WAY SOLENOID ACTUATED PILOT
VALVE INTEGRAL WITH CONTROL VALVE.

14 PRESSURE CONTROLLER ACTING
THROUGH SERVO VALVE ACTING AS
VOLTAGE TO HYDRAULIC CONVERTER TO
MODULATE DOUBLE ACTING CYLINDER
ACTUATED CONTROL VALVE HAVING
POSITIONING SYSTEM
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 146 of 283
15 PRESSURE BALANCED VALVE
SELF ACTUATED NATURAL GAS

16 PRESSURE REGULATOR WITH REMOTE
SET POINT ADJUSTMENT
TIME SCHEDULE CONTROLLER

17 VARYING SET POINT OF VALVE
MOUNTED PRESSURE CONTROLLER
(TAG VALVE ASSEMBLY PIC/PV-322)
VALVE THAT UNLATCHES OR LATCHES

18 WHEN TRIPPED AND REQUIRES HAND
ACTUATION OR VALVE MOUNTED
RESET MECHANISM.

19 INDICATOR WITH WATER PURGE FOR
BOTH LEADS (DENOTED BY NUMBER 2)
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 147 of 283
20 LEVEL TRANSMITTER FOR OPEN TANK

WITH DIP TYPE AND AIR PURGE
DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE TYPE LEVEL

21 TRANSMITTER WITH GAS AND LIQUID
PURGES
CONTROL VALVE WITH WATER SEALED

22 STUFFING BOX. VALVE CLOSES ON AIR
FAILURE
23 TELEVISION VIEWING OF PRESSURE
24 ONE POINT RECORDER WITH

PATCHBOARD INPUT CONNECTION
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 148 of 283
ELECTRIC TRANSMITTER CONNECTED

25 TO MORE THAN ONE RECEIVER,
REGARDLESS OF TYPE OF ELECTRIC
SIGNAL
TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER OUTPUT

26 ACTING AS AIR SUPPLY FOR LEVEL
CONTROLLER
ALTERNATIVE 1
INTERRELATED INSTRUMENTS WHOSE
SYMBOLS ARE SCATTERED ON
DIAGRAM. (A MULTI POINT
27 INSTRUMENT, SUCH AS A DATA
LOGGER, THAT IS DESIGNATED WITH
POINT NUMBERS ON A DIAGRAM IS NOT
EXPECTED TO HAVE THE SYMBOLS
FOR THE VARIOUS POINTS TIED OR
REFERENCED TOGETHER)
ALTERATIVE 2
INTERRELATED INSTRUMENTS WHOSE
SYMBOLS ARE SCATTERED ON
DIAGRAM. (A MULTI POINT
28 INSTRUMENT, SUCH AS A DATA
LOGGER, THAT IS DESIGNATED WITH
POINT NUMBERS ON A DIAGRAM IS NOT
EXPECTED TO HAVE THE SYMBOLS
FOR THE VARIOUS POINTS TIED OR
REFERENCED TOGETHER)
TYPICAL SYMBOLISM FOR MECHANICAL

FLOW DIAGRAMS
29
REFLECTS ACTUAL HARDWARE
METHOD OF DEPICTING INSTRUMENT
LOOPS ON FLOW DIAGRAMS
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DESIGN MANUAL
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TYPICAL SYMBOLISM FOR PROCESS FLOW

DIAGRAMS OR OTHER SIMPLIFIED FLOW DIAGRAMS
THAT ARE SUPPLEMENTED BY DRAWING
INSTRUMENT LOOP DETAILS.
SHOWS ONLY THE FUNCTIONS THAT ARE NEEDED
FOR OPERATION OF PROCESS, PROPER KIND OF
30 CONTROL VALVE MAY BE ARBITRARILY CHOSEN.
ACTUAL TYPE OF INSTRUMENT SIGNAL MAY BE
SHOWN, IF DESIRED. IF OPTION OF SIMPLIFIED
SYMBOLISM IS CHOSEN. IT SHALL BE USED
CONSISTENTLY
METHOD OF DEPICTING INSTRUMENT LOOPS ON
FLOW DIAGRAMS
(13) Complex Combinations
Example of complex batch kettle control involving both shared display/control and
programmable logic control. The purpose of this drawing is to allow a general
understanding of the control scheme and to define and identify the connected
components. Detailed understanding would be obtained from the study of other
documents.
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(14) Degree Of Detail

Example 1. TYPICAL SYMBOLISM FOR SIMPLIFIED DIAGRAMS
Simplified symbolism and abbreviated identification used to define the principal

points of measurement and control interest.
Example 2. TYPICAL SYMBOLISM FOR CONCEPTUAL DIAGRAMS
Functionally oriented symbolism and abbreviated identification used to develop

control concepts without concern for specific hardware.
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Example 3. TYPICAL SYMBOLISM FOR DETAILED DIAGRAMS
Detailed symbolism and more complete identification used to describe the control
system when type of hardware and kinds of signals have been chosen.
7.3.12 Fire Fighting Facilities

(1) Hydrant
(a) Outdoor Type
(i) For Water
One Way Two Way Three Way

(Single) (Double) (Triple)
(ii) For Foam
One Way Two Way Three Way

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(b) Indoor Type

(i) For Water (ii) For Foam
(2) Hose Box

(i) For Water (ii) For Foam
(3) Riser Strainer
(4) Air Foam Chamber

(a) Common Type (b) For Floating Tank
(5) Pressure Proportioner
(6) Alarm Valve
(7) Hose Connection

(a) Single
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(b) Double
(8) Hose Reel

(a) Common Type (b) In case that has Foam Tank
(9) Monitor Nozzle

(a) For water (b) For foam
(10) Spray Head

For Head
(11) Drencher Head
(12) Sprinkler Head
(13) Foam Head

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(14) Steam Curtain
(15) Water Curtain
7.4 Line Identification

In general, line number means whole things including pipe name and insulation type. However,
here in this manual, line identification (i.e. a broad sensed Line No.) and numerical line number (i.e. a
narrow sensed Line No.) will be separately used. Write down the line identification at the upper side
of the line according to Section 1.4.2 page 6. When showing in the P&ID and UFD, attention should
be paid on the following things:
7.4.1 Letter limit

In principle, fluid symbol should not exceed 4 letters and no more than 5 letters for the line
number including identification of area and serial number.
4 - P - 1325 - BIA - H
Insulation Type
Class Identification
Area Clarification, Serial No. : Max. 5 letters
Line Service Identification : Max. 3 letters
Line Size
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7.4.2 Line Service Identification

In principle, line service identification should be expressed based on the kind of fluid and piping
service using the initial letters of the process and/or fluid name listed below:
P Process
G Process Vent, Purge Gas
L Process Drain, Purge Liquid
M Medicine (Chemical, Additive Inhibitor)
S Steam
W Water
A Air
I Inert
C Condensate
R Refrigerant
O Oil
F Fuel & Fire Fighting
Note: The letter symbol that has been easily used before together with others should be
avoided.
Example: The initial letter of inert is “I”. But, in case of “IA”, it is confusing with
Instrument Air that is used before. Likewise, for the same reason, “PW” should be
avoided.
(1) Process
(a) General purpose “P”
(b) Other process fluid “P*”

Note: Insert the appropriate alphabet at “*”. As much as possible, it would show the
fluid precisely.
Example: Process Slurry "PS"
Process Air "PA"
Benzene "PB"
Toluene "PT"
(c) Vent purge of process gas “G*”
Example: Flare gas “GF”
Vent gas “GV”
(d) Drain purge of process liquid “L*”
Example: Liquid drain “LD”
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(2) Chemical Substances

(a) Think it as shown in above Section (1).
(b) In case that there are many kinds of process, classify precisely appropriate
abbreviation according to the job definition.
Example: Methanol “ME”
Caustic soda “MS”
(3) Utility
(a) There are various utilities. If it does not need to particularly classify, use those
symbols listed in the following Section (b) or (c). In case that there are any problems,
classify it precisely as much as possible by adding and/or correcting the abbreviation.
(b) Fluid symbols for general utilities
(i) Steam
Fluid Symbol
-------------- Steam S*
High Pressure Steam SH
Middle Pressure Steam SM
Low Pressure Steam SL
Superheated Steam SS
' Wet Exhaust Steam SW
Dry Superheated Exhaust Steam SE
(ii) Water
Fluid Symbol
-------------- Water W*
Cooling Water WC
Refrigerated Water WR
(Chilled)
Hot Water WH
Sea Water WS
Raw(Industrial) Water WI
Treated(Clarified) Water WT
Demineralized Water WD
Polished Water WP
Boiler Water WB
Living (Drinking or Potable) Water WL
Waste (Slop) Water WW

Note: Regarding the treated water, use the following process:
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(iii) Air
Fluid Symbol
-------------- Air A*
Instrument Air AI
Plant (Utility) Air AP
(iv) Inert
-------------- Inert - I*
Inert Gas IG
(Inert) Nitrogen IN
(v) Condensate
------------- Condensate C*
Atmospheric Condensate CA
Low Pressure Condensate CL
High Pressure Condensate CH
(vi) Refrigerant
-------------- Refrigerant R*
Ammonia Refrigerant RA
Methane Refrigerant RM
Freon Refrigerant RF
Ethane, Ethylene Refrigerant RE
Propane, Propylene Refrigerant
(vii) Oil Fluid Symbol

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---------- Oil O*
Lubricating Lube Oil OL
Gland Oil OG
Seal Oil OS
Flushing (Washing) Oil OW
(viii) Fuel & Fire Fighting

In general, show fire fighting as a separate system on P&ID.
Fuel (Fire) ------------ F*
Fuel Gas FG
Fuel Oil FO
Fire (Fighting) Water FF
Chemical Fire Solution FC
(c) When it is necessary to clearly distinguish the fluids having different pressure level
at the utility system showing as the same fluids, express them as following:
Low Pressure Steam (3K) SL (3)

Low Pressure Steam (1K) SL (1)
The number inside of ( ) is provided to distinguish them for convenience.
7.4.3 Insulation Symbol

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For classification and expression based on the insulation purpose, use the expression methods
described in Section 7.3.6 in page 97 and the following descriptions:
(1) Insulation symbols:
Classification Symbol Description

Hot Insulation H Normal Heat Conservation
O Operating Stability
T Steam Tracing
E Electrical Tracing
Cold Insulation C Cold Insulation
A Anti-Sweat
Others P Personnel Protection
F Fire Protection
S Sound Protection
7.4.4 Area Classification and Serial Number

When issuing AFD of P&ID and UFD, area classification and serial number should be specified.
Regarding the line number for the P&ID and UFD preparing by process engineering team, use
the following methods:
4P - - BIA - H
Provide sufficient space here for line

numbering
Recently, these are often specified at the stage of AFP.
7.4.5 Double Pipe Expression

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The line numbering of double pipe is as follow:
Fluid name and class symbol inside of parenthesis ( ) indicates the outer pipe.
7.4.6 Example Special Piping Expression

(1) In case that more thicker than line number class needs to be used, it should be expressed
as follow: It should be precisely described in the note section of drawing.
(2) In case that it is difficult to show it as class symbol (i.e. Shut, Trough, Duct, etc.), it should
show as follow:
Note: If necessary, number can be inserted into the * area.
7.4.7 Job Specification

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When there is a strong request by the project owner or licenser, both SECL’s numbering and
other number methods can be employed. In this case, these two numbering may need to be
used together. (Expression method and content should be determined separately based on
the job specification).
7.5 Continuity Expression between Drawing Sheets

Expression method for connecting each other between P&ID, P&ID and UFD, UFD is provided in
Section 2.2.4 (1) – (4) in page 10.
7.6 Expression of B.L, B.V, B.C

7.6.1 Example for B.L (i.e. Battery Limit) Expression
Regarding connection symbol with B.L., refer to Section 2.2.4 (6) in page 15.
(1) Main material line
(2) General Process Line and Utility Line
(3) Line from Bombe supplied by Customer
LPG Cylinder By Customer
7.6.2 B.V (i.e. By Vendor) Expression

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Regarding connection with the vendor drawing, refer to Section 2.2.4 (4) in page 13. It should
be checked later with Vendor’s connection list.
(1) For Single Equipment Item
In principle, B.L should be indicated at piping or nozzle that is connected with the vendor
portion.
(2) For Packaged Item
(3) In case that some parts of piping is belonging to the vendor.
7.6.3 Example for B.C. (i.e. By Customer) Expression

Use the same method described in above Section 7.6.2.
7.7 Expression of Specification Break and Design Break

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7.7.1 Specification Break

(1) Expression in case that piping specification symbol is different in the middle of pipe line
(a) As an example for the case that material powder is to be collected as a product, no
rust contamination is allowable for the product. However, since the by-product has no
problem with rust contamination, by using different piping material break is marked.
(c) In case that branch line becoming the above round line from underground line.
(2) Showing upstream and down stream of control valve

(a) In principle, specification break of control valve down stream has to be done as shown
in (i). However, when maximum allowable working pressure of block valve and piping
at down stream is equal to or higher than typical maximum pressure at normal
operation of upstream piping, as shown in following (ii), block valve has to be shown
identical with specification symbol of down flow piping. Also, when safety valve is to
be installed between pressure control valve and block valve, the symbol of piping
specification is absolutely identical with the symbol of down flow block valve.
(i)
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(ii)
(b) When piping material is to be connected to other type of material, replace with high
class material for both control valve and by-pass valve.
(c) In case that upstream and downstream material of control valve is different
Use high class material for both control valve and by-pass valve, and the position of
the class break position after control valve is as follow:
(d) When the control valve connecting point that is minimum 300 lbs by job specification is
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to be installed at 150lb piping system,
(3) Expression of Steam Trap Circuit

The position of specification-break for the Steam-Trap Down Stream is as shown in (a).
However, when the maximum allowable working pressure of up-stream is lower than that
for the down-stream, its position can be relocated as shown in (b).
(a) (b)
(4) Expression around Equipment

(a) Use the same kind of material for all the nozzles and flanges attached at tower and
reactor. When they are to be connected to the different piping material, show break
as shown in (b). Regarding the piping connected to inner coil and jacket, when the
fluid inside of pipe is not directly contacted with the fluid inside of tower and reactor, it
does not need to show break even if they consist of different material of construction.
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(b) Even though all the“A5K” specification symbols are applicable for the nozzle and
flange of corrosive gas absorber tower, the following example is for that it is all right to
use “A2A” symbol for the purified top gas.
(c) As an example for batch type reactor, “B2K” is necessary for the ball valve attached to
the reactor body due to high pressure during reaction. However, it is all right to use
“A1K” or “A6K” for the inlet and outlet piping as shown in the following example:
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(d) In case that connecting pipe specification symbol is different due to interior material change of
reactor:
(i) Tower example:
(ii) In case that material of construction of filer element upstream and downstream is
different: Piping specification change (A6S A1X) due to the filter body material
change from carbon steel to galvanized carbon steel.
Note: Break requirement should be based on connected piping material symbol

(including instrument valve), not based on equipment body material of
construction. So, even if the * portion is SUS 304 or resin lining, in case
that, as piping material, AIX (galvanized carbon steel) is good, it is all right
to show as described in (b).
(e) The connected piping specification symbol can be different due to different inlet and
outlet pressure of rotating machinery (i.e. pump, compressor). But it does not need to
provide break mark around rotating machinery. It just needs to show material symbol
at both drain valve and vent valve outlet of rotating machinery.
(4) Specification Break at Safety Valve inlet and outlet

In general, inlet outlet piping specification of safety valve is different. There are many
cases that it is not coincide with the pipe of connected flange. In this case, specification
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break around the valve would be showing as follow:

(a) When piping specification of valve inlet and outlet is identical, break expression is not
necessary.
(c) When any one side or both side of valve inlet and outlet is different with the piping
specification, it should show as follow:
(i) In case that outlet flange is different,
(ii) In case that both flange is different with piping specification
7.7.2 Design Break

(1) This is an example for that, though chilled water is generally employed, cooling water line
is connected as an emergency backup in case of chilled water failure. Based on fluid
name and presence or absent of insulation, design break application has to be determined.
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(2) Others
When fluid name is changed, design break should be shown
Refer to Section (a) page 174, 7.10.1 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Check page number xxx
7.8 Grounding Expression of Static Electricity

As a rule, grounding of static electricity is applicable for all piping and equipment handling fluid and
powder materials that are easily electrically chargeable and hydrocarbon substances having less
electric conductivity. Though, it does not need to show in P&ID and UFD, but directive
memorandum can be given to related department. In case that, according to job specific
requirement, it need to indicate that, the grounding symbol as shown in Section 7.3.10 has to be
added.
7.8.1 Grounding of Equipment Static Electricity
7.8.2 Grounding of Piping Static Electricity
Note: When it places between equipment, grounding should be shown on both equipment
side and it should also be shown on all piping.
7.9 Expression on Internal Pressure and Leak Test and Initial Start
Temporary piping and facilities which is used for performance test at construction site such as vent
valve, drain valve, temporary recycle piping, raw material or intermediate product injection facilities
and special equipment should not generally be shown in P&ID and UFD. Commissioning engineer
should handle these by preparing special P&ID and UFD. When necessary to show it particularly,
refer to the following example:
7.9.1 Example for vent valve and drain valve for test
Note: Temporary valves installed at high temperature and pressure, toxic, flammable fluid
system can be removed if they are unnecessary at the maintenance point of view.
Generally, branched line can be cut off and safely sealed after attaching plug by welding.
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7.9.2 Example of Temporary Strainer
Note: Though a permanent strainer is installed, temporary strainer should be inserted at the
suction line of rotating machinery such as pump and compressor, and place piping so
that assembling is easy. Strainer body is generally cone type punch-plate. But,
when it needs to be connected to large diameter pipe, Y or T type permanent strainer
can be used.
7.9.3 Example of Temporary Circulation Piping
7.9.4 Example of Raw Material or Intermediate Product

(1) Supply through Drum
(a) Vertical Motor Pump Method
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(b) Vertical Air Pump Method
There is a case that pressure relief valve at “AP” piping is required.
(c) Manual Pump Method
(d) When it exists as solid state inside of drum, it should consider if necessary to melt it for
liquefaction or crushing.
(2) Unloading to Tank Lorry

(a) Unloading of Atmospheric Tank Lorry
Example (i)
Note: When design pressure of Tank Lorry is lower than that of GN piping, safety
valve is necessary.
(b) Unloading of Atmospheric Tank Lorry

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Example (ii)
Note: Strainer can be inserted at the pump suction side. As shown in above two
examples, after completion of supplying from tank lorry, fluid remained in
piping is transferred to 3/4B drain valve by connecting the nitrogen, plant air
and water.
(c) Example of Pressurized Tank Lorry Unloading
Note: When handling the material that can flow but does not burn at the flare stack,
vent stack is necessary. In this case, nitrogen purging and steam out for the
inside of piping is needed.
7.9.5 Example of Temporary Piping and Facilities for use of the Site Performance Test and Special
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Equipment
SIL
TO ATM 101
I
(CONNECTION FOR TEMPORARY SILENCER & PIPING
FOR PERFORMANCE TEST RUN OF GB-201.
SIL-l0l SHOULD BE USED AS TEMPORARY SILENCER.)
SM
B1A-H
FROM GB-201
EA-20 1
HEATER
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7.10 Expression of Process Requirement and Piping Design Precaution

7.10.1 Expression of the relative location of valves that is required in terms of layout
(1) When valves are closely located
(a)
(Remarks)
 Because the replacement of batch coolant (WH & WC) for each batch
operation is necessary, the valve should be closely arranged to prevent
operation mistake.
 Put the steam tracing to prevent the pipe-freezing problem for the location
having winter season.
 Show existence of insulation, fluid name for both sides of design break.
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(b)
Note: Pump is jacketed but steam supplying is omitted.
(Remarks)
 This is the case that the liquid having high freezing point is transferred once
per a day. It is necessary to circulate the day tank liquid and the valve
should be closely arranged for replacement when start and stop of fluid
transfer.
* When valve location is designated, write down the note additionally.

For example, locate near GA-101, locate near product tank.
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(2) When installing the valve where instrument system can be visually operable.
(a)
(Remarks)
 For the particle condenser which could be easily contaminated, perform boil-
up cleaning work once per every a couple of months by steam after water
flushing under the by-pass work.
 In order to operate the by-pass line with watching the pressure indicator,
place the block valve where pressure indicator is closely located and can
easily see it.
 Use the steam tracing for the liquid having high freezing point. To prevent
solidifying problem at the place where liquid is separated, maintain minimum
distance between main piping and branch or merging piping.
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(3) When placing the valve within minimum distance to the point of easily freezing
branch pipe or equipment.
(a)
(Remarks)
 Because the kind of batch effluent is different by being changed each other
per every batch operation, valve operation has to be performed to meet the
kind of effluent. Since these liquid fluids having high freezing point become
quickly solidifying, the valve of unused line should be closely located from
the branch point.
After liquid transfer is completed, GI line is being used to eliminate the
residual liquids inside of piping. In the above case, the distance between
connecting point and valve needs to be as little as possible.
Note: *1 When piping inside materials become solidified, it should be

connected with spool piece to clean up by disassemble. If bent
part exists at the end when disassembling, this part has to be
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connected with flange because of cleaning difficulty and special

blind flange can be used according to Section 7.11.10 (2). In
general, flange is to be connected so that disassemble drawing
sheet becomes as following:
*2 The length of *2 part is about standard size or twice of it is

maximum.
(b-1)
(Remarks) Because of slurry handling pump, the solids could be

accumulated and solidified at the area between branch point
and the valve positioned to stand-by pump. In this case, the
distance to the valve needs to be minimum and it is same for
the drain valve case.
In this case, the slurry inside of stand-by pump should be
drained out completely.
(b-2)
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(Remarks) When handling the highly viscous and easily solidifying slurry,
stand-by pump should be completely isolated.
(c)
(Remarks)
 When intermittently transferring slurry, it is an example for that the

control valve is installed at the highest point of transferring pipe and at
same time, slopped piping is placed at the both side of adding and
transferring equipment.
 Because this is an example for that general cautions about slurry line
are written as common items at the general note section, flushing line
around control valve is omitted.
 Description of Flushing Line around control valve.
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* Connection point for Heptane flushing of slurry service control valves

shall be as follows:
I I I
I [
(d)
I _
7.10.2 Example of that Symmetrical Piping is required.

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(Remarks) After being completely evaporated by liquid spraying in the high

temperature atmosphere, mixed vapor is produced. After liquid supplying
pipe is symmetrically placed, it is arranged that liquid can not be getting
into by spraying the same amount of liquid from each nozzle.
7.10.3. Example for the case that straight pipe is designated.

(1)
(Remarks) It is a process for producing warm water by injecting the steam into
cold water. It is necessary to locate the thermometer at the point so
that the mixed warm water temperature can show its average value.
The above value shown is an example and since it is different in
each case, the length limit is usually about minimum 1 meter except
for the case suggested by the licenser.
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(2)
(Remarks) The temperature is reduced (Control the saturated temperature around

o o
+10 C, +/- 5 C) by injecting water into heated steam. Install the
thermometer at the point having enough distance for not to come out
the mist at outlet due to complete evaporation of the water drained
from the bottom of desuperheater.
7.10.4 Expression of A Height Restriction

(1) Indication of Seal Height
(a)
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(Remark)
1. Because it prevents short pass of the condensate piping when starting up
batch operation, maintain the liquid height level corresponding to the different
pressure at that time. The position of TW is as shown in the Section 3
below.
2. This indicates the seal height when it is desired to maintain the liquid height
from the bottom of sight glass corresponding to the maximum pressure
difference between EA-101 vapor pressure and none condensate gas
pressure at the vent condenser (EA-102) outlet.
3. Because the TIC sensing point should be always submerged in the

condensate to control the EA-101 condensate temperature, this should be
designed to maintain the constant liquid flow rate.
(b)
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(Remark)
This is an example of seal height required for not to release drain together
with gas when the liquid drain is transferred to atmospheric tank from
pressurized gas system. In this case, the liquid should always be
remained in the equipment and it shows the location related to header (3P
A1K), drain frequency according to the drain liquid level maintaining at
each SG.
(Note) * The seal height between drain header (3K A1K) and every sight
glass (SG-101), 102, 103) shall be as follows:
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(c)
(Remark)
 Gas release has to be prevented by maintaining the constant height of
liquid level of the FA-701.
 The seal height has to be determined to correct the differential
pressure between atmospheric pressure and maximum operating
pressure of FA-701.
(On the * part, the minimum height has to be determined according to
Engineering Drawing)
 To prevent the liquid level decreasing of the FA-701 by over liquid
leasing due to siphon action, it needs to install the vent pipe at the
liquid outlet pipe for breaking siphon action.
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(2) When barometric leg is necessary.
(Remark)
 As an example for barometric condenser, it requires barometric leg corresponding
pressure difference between maximum vacuum and atmospheric pressure of the
system. Theoretically, it is determined by differential pressure and liquid density.
But, it generally needs more than 10 meter of water height.
 It gave more than minimum 45 of slope.
 When pumping, partition is required to maintain the level. If partition is not installed
for cost saving, the pipe should be submerged lower than the pump suction nozzle.
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(3) When the shirt height rule is required

(Usually, shirt height is indirectly determined)
(Remark) Since the tower bottom liquid is saturated at lower temperature, vaporizing
problem is possible due to pressure lost inside of the piping up to the
control valve, the height difference (part * for high and low) between tower
bottom and control valve is required to prevent this problem. (shirt height
is indirectly determined)
(Note) In addition to the above case, the following Section (4) and (5) is
applicable for restricting the skirt height.
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(4) Consideration of NPSH
(Remark) In addition to make NPSH available on pump suction, pump suction head
needs to be raised to minimize air inlet from ground.
Methods to make NPSH available:

(a) Increase the liquid level as high as possible.
(b) Increase the line size
(c) Minimize the pipe length, bent part and branch pont.
(d) Cleaning of strainer
(e) Cooling of suction line.
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(5) Showing the relative location of tower and re-boiler
(Remark) After the required amount of liquid is entered into the re-boiler due to
thermo-syphon phenomena and is evaporated, again the fluids get into
the tower. The pressure difference that is required for fluid transfer
will be given by the head between tower bottom and tube sheet at
the re-boiler bottom.
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(6) Showing the relative location of column and reflux drum
(Remark) Relative location of column and reflux drum in case of gravity flow
type reflux
(1) In case that it indicates the relative location between nozzles to

maintain
the liquid level corresponding to the pressure difference during normal
operation of EA-401.
(2) Since there is pressure fluctuation in FA-401 due to overflow, liquid

SEM - 9461E
DATE : 06.30.2005 PAGE : 191 of 283
sealing on the pipe is required to prevent the vapor flow from

overflow pipe. Determine the seal height by considering reserved
liquid capacity that is all right when there is pressure difference right
after both DA-401 and Fa-401 pressure is equalized.
7.10.5 Example for showing scope and sloped pipe scope

For showing sloped pipe, use the following slope mark on expression symbol of
Section 7.3.4
 When slope degree is not designated
 When slope degree is designated
(1) Branched slop line for slurry circulation to centrifuge

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(2) Circulating by slurry line via head tank and sloped line in case of liquid
supplying by maintaining the constant liquid level inside of head tank.
SAMSUNG SEM - 9461E
ENGINEERING DESIGN MANUAL REV.: 1
DATE : 06.30.2005 PAGE : 193 of 283
,
>
7.10.6 Example for that pocket or trap should not be allowed in the line
Normal operation will be disturbed if, in the middle of line, there is pocket or trap
where liquid or gas can be stayed.
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DATE : 06.30.2005 PAGE : 194 of 283
(1) Vent line dealing with gas or high temperature saturated vapor containing mist
(Remark) If there is pocket or trough at atmospheric discharge piping for

condensable vapor or non-condensable gas stream from low pressure
system, back pressure could be developed at that point by liquid flow,
and in case of polymerization it could cause freezing problem that
can bring unstable operation. In the worst case, operation is
impossible .
(2) Showing around of the flow meter
(a)
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DATE : 06.30.2005 PAGE : 195 of 283
(b)
(Remark)
 When flow meter is installed at the liquid piping, in principle, gas pocket
should not be located at the upstream of flow meter. When special
attention on the flow meter that is for sale or connected to control
system is required, it should be as shown in above Figure (b).
 Regarding the flow meter for sale, as shown in (b), gas removal pot
should be installed for separation of non-condensable gas produced due
to pipe internal pressure loss and pipe exterior heat or low boiling point
vapors from liquid.
 *1: When draining liquid, it is necessary to use low temperature piping

material. It is because temperature is getting down due to evaporation
by residual heat.
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DATE : 06.30.2005 PAGE : 196 of 283
(c)
(Remark) If pocket or trout exists in gas-liquid mixture flowing from re-boiler,

it could cause vibration and/or unstable operation in that area due
to flow pattern change.
7.10.7 Example for that minimum length of easily plugging piping from turning point and
equipment needs to be shown.
Refer to 7.10.1(2) & (3) and 7.10.5 (1) & (2)
7.10.8 Showing the piping, fitting, etc..

(1)
Note * Victualic joint shall be used for connecting these lines.

(Remark) This is an example for easy disassembling of piping by designating
SEM - 9461E
DATE : 06.30.2005 PAGE : 197 of 283
the connection to the victaulic joint of low pressure gauge because,

in many cases, residues need to be removed in the air transfer
piping.
(2)
(Remark) Even though high temperature piping, because it requires minimum

length, this is an example for expansion joint as a way of heat stress
absorbing.
7.10.9 Example for that there is a direction on future provision.
(1)
(2)
(Note) 1. This elbow will be replaced by a tie for future expansion.
(Remark) Because this piping is dealing with easily condensable fluids,

SEM - 9461E
DATE : 06.30.2005 PAGE : 198 of 283
special treatment should be given in terms of plot plan to have

common reserve for future expansion. So, elbow is used at this
stage. But, in order to easily change this into tee in future,
flange elbow is employed. As other method, special flange shown
in Section 7.10.10 can be used.
7.10.10 Example for that piping requirement is existed for reason of cleaning, maintenance and
process
(1)
(Remark) As instrument device installed at liquid piping system that has very high
o
condensing temperature (Approximately 53 C), piping liquid should be
completely drained out when stopping batch operation for the next batch
operation. Example for the case that, based on sloped by-pass line, flow
meter and control valve need to be vertically located at the upper side of
piping system.
(2)
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(Remark) This is an example for showing poly-pig flushing (Cleaning) at piping

system handling highly polluted fluids. Regarding special (Hat Type)
blind flange, special attention should be paid to the connection point
for not to solidified by pollution.
(3)
Note: 1. The type of fitting for “PS” Lines shall be Flange for convenience in
Cleaning of these Lines. A piece of these lines shall be 10 meters
maximum in straight length with a Flange on both ends. However, a
piece with two bends shall not be used.
(Remark) Example for that flange is inserted in piping that is disassembled to

appropriate length for easy maintenance and cleaning.
In general, it is appropriate to put Flange Connection every 5-10m.
But it has to be shown as general note when there are many places
like this.
7.10.11 Example for other Remarks

(1) Destination of Sewer Line
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(Remark) This is the case that, in the pretreatment process, it is necessary to

show sewer transferring various chemical or process drains to pit
through sewer.
(3) When showing fluid flow even though there is no piping

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(Remark) This is an example for the case that master power made by mixing
power with agents be sent back by Hand Cart.
*1 Putting by hand
*2 Line to show Master Power flow even though there is no piping
system.
(3) When clearly showing identification of Indoor and Outdoor
(Remark) This is an example for the case that vent line of indoor equipment be
routed to outdoor.
(4) Showing Spool Piece part

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DATE : 06.30.2005 PAGE : 202 of 283
(Remark) This is the case that showing connection between piping by using
Spool Piece.
(5) Special Piping Configuration
(Remark) Showing recycling process for collecting powders from wet air by
Cyclone of Fluidized Drying System.
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DATE : 06.30.2005 PAGE : 203 of 283
Top view of Cyclone Outlet piping
*1 When there is special hanger to equally distribute air for each cyclone in the
mult-Cyclone System.
*2 Though this is the case that Cyclone and Receiver is directly connected,
show Remark because many lines need to be noted in terms of expression.
(6) Showing the installation point of Control Valve
(7) Indication of Steam Tracing Scope
(Remark) When minimum length that is necessary to maintain ambient air

temperature for preventing temperature decreasing due to gas
pressure drop.
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DATE : 06.30.2005 PAGE : 204 of 283
(8) Indication of Local Level Indicator installation
(Remark) This is the case for that LI be located near pump because the tower
liquid level needs to be checked according to GA-701.
(9) Vent to Atmosphere
*1 Atmospheric open vent

*2 Release the intoxicated and hazardous vent gases to safe place because, for
corrosive reason, it is not appropriate to be connected to flare vent.
*3 Atmospheric vent to prevent rainwater inlet.
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8. Job Specification
When additional note is necessary because of not agreeable with the contents of P&ID and UFD
preparation methods and each part of SEM and SES with regard to the items that should be
included in contract documents, local and process specific issues and licenser’s demands,
concerned condition should be notified to related teams by using “job specification” preparation.
9. Issue Status and History
Rev. No. Date Scope Description
- First Edition
0 98.09.30 All pages - Team: Process Team
- Made by: Y.Y.Gu, K.J.Moon, J.S.Lee, S.J.Lee
- Checked by: J.C.Ro
- Approved by: S.G.Oh
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DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
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(Appendix)
Example of General Description on P&ID and UFD
- Content -
PAGE
(1) Showing connecting nozzle size that will be decided according to P&ID and UFD issuing stage ----
209
(a) Small size by-pass of Control valve -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
209
(b) Large size manual handle of Control Valve --------------------------------------------------------------------
210
(c) Pump -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 211
(2) Action of important valve ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

212
(3) Instrument device and equipment having by pass line ----------------------------------------------------------

213
(a) By pass of instrument -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
213
(b) By pass of equipment -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
214
(4) Sampling connection type ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 215

(a) Local sampling -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 215
(b) Sampling by piping up to laboratory -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
216
(5) Flexible hose ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

216
(a) For solid particle (made by Canvas) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
216
(b) For liquid and gas ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
216
(6) Air Trap & Drainer ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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218
(a) Ordinary type ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 218
(b) Equalizing line and water priming cup --------------------------------------------------------------------------
218
(7) Steam trap ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 218

(a) Steam trap equipped with strainer inside of it -----------------------------------------------------------------
218
(b) Steam trap not equipped with strainer inside of it ------------------------------------------------------------
220
(8) Safety valve and rupture disk ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

221
(a) Standard based treatment of safety valve release substance --------------------------------------------
222
(b) Standard based on block valve installation at safety valve inlet and outlet ---------------------------
223
(c) Rupture disk ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
225
(d) Safety valve with rupture disk ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
226
(9) De-super heater -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

227
(a) Variable orifice type -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
227
(b) Steam atomizing type ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 228
(c) Spray nozzle type ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 229
(10) Pump -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

230
(a) Drain and vent (Centrifugal pump) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
230
(b) Flushing liquid line (Centrifugal pump) -------------------------------------------------------------------------
231
(c) Cooling liquid line (Centrifugal pump) --------------------------------------------------------------------------
233
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(d) Steam Jacket (Gear Pump) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 234

(e) Steam Tracing (Centrifugal Pump) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 235
(f) Safety Valve (Reciprocating Pump) -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
235
(g) Reverse Circulation of Non-Seal Pump ------------------------------------------------------------------------
236
(h) Priming Connection (Centrifugal Pump) ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 237
(i) Others -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 240
(11) Compressor and Blower ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 242

(a) Centrifugal Compressor -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 242
(b) Reciprocating Compressor ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 243
(c) Water Sealing Vacuum Pump -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
247 (d) Centrifugal Blower ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
249 (e) Rotary Blower ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
250
(12) Water Spray Facility ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -
254
Water Spray Piping --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
254
(13) Methods of Low Pressure Tank Sealing -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

255
(a) Inert Gas for Blanketing --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
255
(b) Control Valve Type --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
255
(c) Water Sealing Type -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
256
(d) Seal Pot Type --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
257
(14) Strainer ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

258
(a) Typical Expression --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
258
(b) When pulling out drain pipe ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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258
(15) Insulation and Tracing ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------259
(a) Equipment Insulation ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 259
(b) Piping Insulation ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 259
(c) Equipment Tracing --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 260
(d) Pipe Tracing ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 261
(16) Shower and Eye Washer ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

262
(a) Shower ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 262
(b) Eye Washer ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 262
(c) Shower & Washer ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
262
(17) Typical Vent/Drain System ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 263
(18) Purge Pipe or Connection Pipe ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

269
(a) Equipment Purge ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
269
(b) Line Purge -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 271
(c) Instrument Purge ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 272
(19) De-aerator ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 275
(20) Cooling Tower -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 276

(a) Blow-down and Make-up Water ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 276
(b) Chemical Injection Method -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 277
(21) Air Dryer for Instrument Air System -------------------------------------------------------------------------------

278
(a) Heat Generated Type ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 278
(b) Heatless Regenerated Type -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 281
(22) Gas Supply by Bombe ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

282
(a) N2 Bombe -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 282
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(23) Pneumatic Conveying of Powder Materials -------------------------------------------------------------------------

283
(a) Vacuum Pneumatic Conveying by Hopper ---------------------------------------------------------------------
283
(b) Vacuum Pneumatic Conveying by Direct Suction Hose ----------------------------------------------------
283
Example for General Expression in P&ID and UFD
(1) In case that the Connecting Nozzle Size has to be determined according to progressing of P&ID and
UFD Stage.
(a) Around Control Valve (Small Size by-Pass)
(i) Preliminary Issue
(Remark) Provide adequate space to place reducer to part.
(ii) AFP Issue

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DATE: 2005.06.30
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(Remark) * Add after identifying the necessity of by-pass piping.

* In principle, by-pass line should be based on the API Recommendation
and use 3/4B as minimum unit.
(iii) AFD Issue

It is same as AFP issue.
(iv) AFC Issue

It is same as AFD.
(Remark) The above explanation is about the contents of P&ID and UFD issue stage in
case of new process. So, when the presence of by-pass and reducer is
determined in the licensed process or other processes, it can be specified in
the preliminary stage.
(b) Around Control Valve (Large Size Manual Handle)
(ii) AFP Issue

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DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 212 of 283
(iii) AFD Issue

It is same as AFD.
(iv) AFC Issue

It is same as AFD Issue.
(c) Around Pump
(ii) AFP Issue

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DATE: 2005.06.30
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(iii) AFD Issue

It is same as FD Issue.
(iv) AFC Issue

It is same as AFD Issue.
(Remark) It should be specified in the preliminary stage when it is determined initially

according to job characteristic and process requirements such as presence of
pump drain, vent valve, flushing or cooling.
(2) Action of Major Valve

In normal operation, valve operating conditions such as open or close for safety should be shown
in P&ID.
(a) Sealed Open/Sealed Close

For not to allow operation without direction of operation manager, it should show color on the
valve to
draw their caution.
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(b) Car Sealed Open/Car Sealed Close

* To prevent operation without special instruction, valve handle is fixed by chain.
* In case of block valve, it is used for the inlet and outlet side of safety valve.
(c) Locked Open/Locked Close

It will be used when the valve malfunction damage is larger than CSC/CSO and to prevent
operation by key locking the valve stem without special instruction.
(3) Equipment and Instrument having By-Pass Line
(a) Instrument
(i) Volumetric Flow Meter
(i-1) Common Case

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(i-2) When gas separation is required at the upstream of flow meter for sale.
Refer to subsection (2)-(b) of Section 7.10.6
(i-3) For general sale (example of by-pass installation)
or
(Remark) In case of flow meter for sale, by-pass line can be eliminated because valve
leaking from by-pass line is not desirable. But, because it is necessary for
start-up, it could be installed. In this case, make locked close the by-pass
valve, insert blind as show in above, or put double block and breathing system.
(ii) Other Flow Meter

Refer to volumetric flow meter of above section (i).
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(iii) Control Valve

Strainer can be installed at the inlet side of high △P control valve and steam control
valve. It should be cautious because, in some case, drain valve is not always installed at
low pressure control valve, slurry control valve and by-pass line.
(b) Equipment By-Pass
(4) Sample Connection Type
(a) Local Sampling

SAMSUNG
ENGINEERING SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 217 of 283
TYPE DETAI L SERVICE
}-uA' ~
Water, HeavyOil
}-US, ~ Light Oi 1
I-a C1
WhenSampl eCooler is installed
Hot Water
Hot HydrocarbonLiqui d
~
Light Oi 1
L.
IJ~
I I·
+"
'L..
~
Gas, Li quefi ed Gas
\I;
WhenSampl eCooler is installed
Hot HydrocarbonGas
Hot Li ght Oi 1
(b) When Sampling at laboratory by piping connection

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DATE: 2005.06.30
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(5) Flexible Hose
(a) For Powder Materials (Made by Canvas)
(i) When pulling out the powder materials from Silo.
(ii) Transferring from Vibrating Screen to Hopper
(b) For Liquid and Gas

Hose material and general application of this material are as follow:
Rubber hose : for water, condensable fluids and slurry
Stainless Steel Hose : for high temperature fluids, high vapor pressure fluid solvent, not easily
solidifying fluids.
Wired Vinyl Hose : Low pressure system, intended to check internal fluid flow.
Teflon Hose : Applicable when rubber and stainless steel are not suitable.
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(i) When transferring drainage containing powder materials to settling pit
(ii) Flexible Hose installed between Tank and Pump (Preventing settling and heat stress)
(ii-1) Passing the Tank Dike above
(ii-2) Passing through Tank Dike
(6) Air Trap & Drainer

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(a) Common Example (When necessary for intermittent drain)
(b) Equalizing Line and Water Priming Cup

(When draining is not required)
(7) Steam Trap
(a) Steam Trap installed with strainer inside of trap.
(i) Release to sewer

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(ii) Collection of Atmospheric Condensate
(Remark) Try Cock or Check Valve as shown in Section (iii) can be installed and refer
to Section 7.7.1 (3) for Spec. Break of steam trap down-stream.
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DATE: 2005.06.30
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(iii) Collection of Pressurized Condensate
(Remark) Check the piping size based on the pipe arrangement because water hammer
could likely occur between the piping system up to condensate collection drum.
Also, refer to Section 7.7.1 (3) for Spec. Break of Steam-Trap Down Stream.
(b) Steam Trap not containing Strainer

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DATE: 2005.06.30
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(8) Safety Valve and Rupture Disk
In principle, safety valve should be directly installed at equipment body. However, when it needs to
be installed at the piping system, the relationship between equipment design pressure (or maximum
operating pressure), set pressure of safety valve, and over-pressure after considering pressure loss
(less than 3% of set pressure) up to valve entrance from equipment connected to piping system.
Also, pipe size from equipment to safety valve must not be less than the connected nozzle size of
valve.
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DATE: 2005.06.30
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(a) Treatment Standard on Released Materials from Safety Valve

They are classified based on flammability and hazardous property of the released materials as
shown below:
Material and Condition Vent to ATM Discharge to Flare Discharge to Blow-‐ Recovery to
System down System Facility
1. Process Vapor
1) Flammable (Non-‐condensable) X
2) Flammable (Condensable) X
3) Nonflammable, Non-‐condensable, X
Non-‐hazardous
4) Nonflammable, Non-‐condensable, X X
Hazardous
5) Nonflammable, Condensable, X
Non-‐hazardous
6) Nonflammable, Condensable, X X
Hazardous
7) Liquid & Gas Mixture X
2. Process Liquid
* Liquid (from Relief Valve) X X
* Liquid (from Blow-‐down Valve) X
3. Steam etc
* Excess Steam Discharge X
* Boiler Blow-‐down X
(Remark) Condensable is the materials that more than 50% of them can be condensed at
atmospheric pressure and temperature.
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(b) Block Valve Installation Standard at Safety Valve Inlet and Outlet
(Base on the Inspection standards of Korean Industrial Safety Company)
* In principle, installation of block valve at safety valve inlet and outlet is not allowable.
* However, block valve can be installed at the following cases:
(i) When safety valve is installed at the pressurized equipment which is located near by.
(Remark) Automatic control valve between safety valves is not allowed.
(ii) When automatic pressure control valve is parallely connected at safety valve.
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(iii) Dual Type

Special case that one PSV can always be operating while other is in maintenance service
by installing the same two PSV (100% load).
Example for three-way valve is installed at valve inlet and outlet.

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(Remark) When continuously operating remote controller (HC), both A, B should only be
associated one of safety valve. Install the limit switch so that open direction
of three-way valve can be identified at HC operating place.
(iv) When two pressurized equipment (one stand-by) is installed with safety valve
(v) Thermal Relief Valve

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DATE: 2005.06.30
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(c) Rupture Disk
(i) When installing Rupture Disk

* When polymer or popcorn formation is likely occurred by polymerization of inlet fluid of
safety valve.
* High viscous or slurry fluid
* High corrosive fluid
(ii) Typical cases

(ii-1) Direct installation at the equipment body
(ii-2) Installation at piping

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DATE: 2005.06.30
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(d) Safety valve combination with rupture disk
* In principle, install at the inlet side of safety valve

* Install pressure gauge between safety valve and rupture disk to check bursting of
rupture disk
* Install appropriate telltale indicator, free vent or try cook between rupture disk and
safety valve because pin-hole or bursting can be occurred due to instant over-
pressure or superannuating and internal fluid can be reached to safety valve.
(9) De-super heater
(a) Variable Orifice Type

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DATE: 2005.06.30
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(Remark) The distance to temperature sensing point is vendor’s requirement. In general, water
control valve can be put in charge of vendor to guarantee the performance of de-
super heater.
(b) Steam Atomizing Type
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DATE: 2005.06.30
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(Remark) The distance to temperature sensing point is vendor’s requirement. In general, water
control valve and atomizing steam can be put in charge of vendor to guarantee the
performance of de-super heater.
(c) Spray Nozzle Type

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(Remark) Sleeve length and distance to temperature sensing point is often determined by
empirical basis. In general, temperature loss by spray nozzle is utilized when
accuracy is required and fluid volume is largely fluctuated.
In the above example, water injection rate is controlled by remote valve. But, as
shown in (b), temperature control can also be used.
(10) Pump
As pump accessory, there are vent, drain valve, discharge pipe, cooling water line, flushing line,
SEM - 9461E
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DATE: 2005.06.30
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steam line, lube oil line. Of these, lube oil line is generally not shown in P&ID, but others are
as shown below:
(They are shown as combined each other in P&ID and UFD because each affiliated piping is
given as an example).
(a) Drain and Vent

In principle, show pump rain and vent as valve. Show them to meet the actual circumstance
because it does not need to show them based on suction and discharge nozzle shape or kind
of pump.
(i) Opened to Atmosphere
When valve is supplied by SECL,
When valve is supplied by vendor.
(ii) Vent to Flare Stack or Slop Tank

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(b) Flushing Liquid Line (Centrifugal Pump)
(i) Self Flushing

In general, they are not showing in P&ID and UFD. Refer to the following method when
special expression is necessary:
(i-1) Without Cooler
(i-2) With Cooler

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(ii) External Flushing

(ii-1) Without Flow Control
(ii-2) With Flow Control

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(c) Cooling Liquid Line (Centrifugal Pump)
(i) Open System
(ii) Close System

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(Remark) Install “PG” to control back pressure and “FI” to confirm flow of cooling
fluid because of closed pipe line.
(d) Steam Jacket (Gear Pump)
(e) Steam Tracing (Centrifugal Pump)

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(f) Safety Valve (Reciprocating Pump)
(i) Connection to the main body (mostly vendor portion)

(i-1) Piston Type
Connect discharge nozzle with safety valve.
(i-2) Diaphram Type
Connect valve with discharge oil.

(ii) Connection to Pipe Line (Piston Type)
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(g) Reverse Circulation of Non-seal Pump
(i) Connection to Suction Tank
Regarding pressure loss of suction line, calculate flow volume with considering reverse
circulation.
(ii) Recycle to Pump Suction

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DATE: 2005.06.30
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(Remark) In general, precaution items in pump selection such as chilled water

requirements for cooler should be specified when handling near ambient air
temperature.
* Spool piece to suction line is needed for checking circulation direction of

non-sealing pump.
(h) Expression of Priming Connection (Centrifugal Pump)
(i) Priming Water Cup

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DATE: 2005.06.30
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(ii) Water Supplying Connection (Large Capacity Pump with Foot Valve with Strainer)
(ii-1) Fixed Connection
(ii-2) Hose Connection

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DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 242 of 283
(iii) Connection for Suction

(Large Capacity Pump with no Foot Valve)
Put “PG” to check operating conditions of vacuum pump and ejector. Also install
sight glass to confirm liquid suction status.
(iv) Head Tank Connection (For Automatic Starter)
Head tank should always be filled with water so that pump and suction line is full with
water.
But, at this time, water should not be drained out from discharge.
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DATE: 2005.06.30
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(I) Others
(i) Injection of Anti-freezing Solution
(ii) Around Check Valve
(Remark) In terms of piping design, when pulling out drain nozzle from check valve
itself and direct connection between check valve and block valve, do not
show as follow:
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DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 244 of 283
Moreover, in principle, install check valve at the upstream of block valve.

(iii) High Pressure Plunger Pump
Example of jet-cleaning pump by horizontal triplex-plunger motor pump of Sukitsu Machine

Company.
(Discharge Pressure: 300kg/Cm2G, Flow Volume: 150l/min, NPSH: required 3m)
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 245 of 283
(11) Compressor and Blower
(a) Centrifugal Compressor
(i) Centrifugal air Compressor for Process (Motor)

SAMSUNG
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 246 of 283
--+:J
FT
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(Remark) Example for Process Air Blower

Though reactor is presence in the middle, eventually it is a system directly venting to
atmosphere. It is a system that does not need anti-surge-by-pass because load
variable is not much. Also, during high load operation during winter season, it is
designed such that blow-off line can be on-off by multiplication of discharge pressure
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 247 of 283
and flow volume for not to engaged with over load trip. Flow guide vane control is
adopted.
(b) Reciprocating Compressor
(i) Medium Size Air Compressor (One Stage Lubricating Type)
(ii) Medium Size Non-Lubricating Two Stage Air Compressor

SAMSUNG
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 248 of 283
1---------------------
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/
(iii) Non-Lubricating One Stage Air Compressor (Small Size Type)

SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 249 of 283
(Remark) Example for Small Size Air Compressor for instrument system.
(iv) Small Size Freon Refrigerator

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DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 250 of 283
Since the chilled

water volume change
is significant, 0, 33,
66, 100% unload
system is selected.
Also, interlock is
installed to prevent
freezing problem of
chilled water over
freezing and cooling
water stop of
condenser. For
protection of
equipment, interlock
is installed when
suction and discharge
pressure is abnormal
(c) Water Sealed Vacuum Pump

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DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 251 of 283
(i) For Process System
(Remark) As GA-40101 is in operation, permissible sequence is connected for GB-40101 start

when sealing liquid is supplied to NASH compressor.
(ii) Water Sealing Vacuum Pump for Cooling water Priming

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DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 252 of 283
(Remark) It is for quick cooling water start up as sealing water supply is always maintained.
(d) Centrifugal Blower

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DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 253 of 283
* On the above pressure system, instrument air purge is needed at fluid pipe line to prevent
clogging problem by powder materials.
While powder materials are supplied from dryer through vacuum air blower system for
transporting powder materials, significant electrostatic charge is forecasted. So, steam is injected
to discharge electrostatic electricity.
(e) Rotary Blower

SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 254 of 283
(i) Example 1
(Remark)
This is an example for Rotary Blower System to pneumatic-transfer the pressurized powder
materials. Due to high atmospheric temperature, discharge temperature is cooled down to the
limited temperature of powder materials. At the blower operating conditions, interlock of
pneumatic transfer system is to stop the rotary valve of powder material supply. If not doing
that way, re-start up is not possible without removal of powder materials settled inside of pipe-
line.
(ii) Example 2
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 255 of 283
(Remark)
This is an example for rotary blower system to air transferring the powder particles by closed loop.
This system is with scrubber for removal of powder material and cooler for removal of vapor
mixtures installed at the inlet side of blower because residual solvent of powder materials for
st nd
pneumatic transfer system in the drying course of powder materials (in between 1 stage and 2
stage of dryer) can be evaporated and entered into the transporting gas. This is not shown here.
(iii) Example 3
SAMSUNG
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 256 of 283
<
> ------------r------l
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(Remark)
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 257 of 283
This example is about rotary system for powder materials pneumatic transfer system by closed
loop.
Due to the temperature limit of powder materials, install the cooler at the blower outlet side to
properly manage the rising blower temperature. Also, by cooler installation at the blower inlet
side, consider eliminating the temperature rising problem by heat transfer of powder materials.
Also, by doing this way, think about proper maintaining the performance of blower.
(Note)
The strainer at the pressure valve downstream is in special shape because the pressure system
function could be deteriorated by incoming powder materials existed in gases. Though there is
a way to purge them into load pipe, this method is selected because special gas is needed
here.
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 258 of 283
(12) Water Spray System
(a) Water Spray Piping
(Remark)
When safety valve operation is necessary due to pressure rising inside of ball tank by direct
sun light during summer season, cool down by tank top water sprayer.
Also, in some case, water spray system can be installed at suction line because pump can
be damaged or transferring is not possible due to vapor lock and cavitation by vaporization in
pump suction line. And in high temperature region, temperature rising is prevented by
complete stopping of heat transfer by the external cooling system.
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 259 of 283
(13) Sealing Method of Low Pressure Tank
(a) Inert gas for blanketing

* Nitrogen: It is possible to apply on all fluids.
** CO2 : Its usage is restricted because of reacting with NH3 and food production.
(b) Control Valve Type
(i) Single Tank Sealing
(Remark) * Steam tracing is installed because this is the case that tank internal vapor can
easily be condensable.
* In case of flammable liquid, pressure relieving/vacuum man-way must be
installed.
In general, breather valve is not installed, but it can be installed if it is
necessary.
* It can be used when condensation is necessary because vent gas contains
VOC materials.
(Remark) It should be able to check the liquid level of seal pot. When tank is in vacuum
condition, seal pot liquid level would be raised into tank vent line as much as
vacuum level. But, vacuum breaker should be installed to cover the pressure
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 260 of 283
higher than the tank design pressure. (It can be replaced with pressure
relieving/vacuum man-way) And, if low seal gas price can be sufficiently obtained,
instead of “PIC” such as the following (c) Section, it can always allow small
volume of flow by “FI”.
(c) Water Sealing Type
(i) Water Sealing
(Remark) Example for Nitrogen Sealing

Water supply is needed to maintain the constant water level of seal water pot.
When nitrogen pipe balance is not well maintained, it is possible to cause
overpressure or the liquid level at the highest top of vent pipe. In general,
designing cone-roof tank that can resist overpressure is not economical. So, a
special method that can limit the highest liquid level of seal water is applicable or
vacuum breaker can be installed.
(ii) Common Sealing of Multi-Tank

SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 261 of 283
(Remark) This method is applicable in case of that the polluting possibility via seal gas header
is allowable.
* 1 In lieu of drain pot, direct connection to the slope tank would be better way.
(iii) When Pilot Operated Valve is adopted.
(Remark) Breaker valve must be installed.
(d) Seal-Pot Type

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DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 262 of 283
(14) Strainer
(a) General Expression
(i) When drain valve or vent valve is not necessary
(ii) When drain valve or vent valve is necessary
(iii) When drain vent valve is vendor’s supply item

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DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 263 of 283
(b) When drainpipe is connected
(i)
(Remark)
This is the case that flammable or toxic
fluid that is easily polluted is sent to vent
stack or flare. Regarding spec break,
after reviewing sufficiently, it should be
noted according to each case.
(ii)
This is an example for that, for above Section (i), it is desired to purge completely
with N2.
(15) Insulation and Tracing

SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 264 of 283
Regarding the basic expression method for insulation, refer to Section 7.3.6 or Section 7.4.3.
(a) Equipment Insulation

Refer to Section 7.3.6 (2).
(b) Piping Insulation
(i) Hot Insulation (Keep Warm)
(ii) Partial Insulation
(iii) Boundary Expression between Hot Insulation (Keep Warm) and Fire Protection
(iv) Boundary of Cold Insulation (Keep Cold)

SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 265 of 283
(c) Equipment Tracing
(i) Steam Tracing of Tower Bottom side
(ii) Steam Tracing of Pump
(d) Pipe Tracing
(i) Electric Tracing

SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 266 of 283
(ii) Steam Tracing
(iii) When there are various steam-tracing methods.
* Use this way when the method is determined based on the job specific requirement.
(iv) Hot Water Tracing
(v) Partial Hot Water Tracing

SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 267 of 283
(16) Shower & Eye Washer
(a) Shower
(b) Eye Washer
(c) Shower and Eye Washer
(17) Typical Vent/Drain System
(a) Tower Drain

* Open Drain * Open Drain (with Re-boiler)
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DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 268 of 283
* Oily Drain Recovery * Oily Drain Recovery (with Re-boiler)
* Liquid Drain System * Liquid Drain System (with Re-boiler)
(b) Drum Drain
* When not draining during operation * When draining is needed during operation
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 269 of 283
* When it is need to be routed to drain vaporizer
(c) Pump Drain
* For light hydrocarbon having less than C4
* For heavier hydrocarbon having more than C5 that requires recovery

SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 270 of 283
* Liquid rain for hydrocarbon having less than C4
* In case of gum polymer and viscous fluids
* Pump Discharge Line

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DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 271 of 283
* Drain pump suction/discharge line through pump
(d) Vent/Drain of Heat Exchanger
* Cooling Water Service Case
* Steam Condensing Case
* Install double valve for the very high pressurized steam.
* Water Service Case except for Cooling Water

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DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 272 of 283
* Process Service Case
* Re-boiler Case
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DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 273 of 283
* Refrigerant Service Case
* Closed System Case
(18) Purge Piping and Connection

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DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 274 of 283
(a) For Equipment Purge
(i) Purge Piping
(Remark)
This is a tower example that is for absorption and removal of saturated water in fluid by solid
caustic soda. Because caustic soda as a 50% water solution will be remained at the bottom
of tower, the bottom water needs to be drained every 1-2 month and put caustic soda as
much as necessary. At this time, after completion of depressurizing, pressurized nitrogen
supplying and vent depressurizing has to be repeated several times. After that, drain out the
50% bottom water and supply caustic soda pellet through hand hole at the top of tower.
(ii) Purge Connection

SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 275 of 283
(Remark)
Hose connection for steam purge or gas purge of tower.
In some case, 1B could be applicable to prevent equipment nozzle damage during
construction and or transportation. Tough this example is suitable, consider the following
methods because, in general, hose station consists of 3/4B hose connection:
1B Pipe and Flange
1B Special Flange
(b) For Line Purge

SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 276 of 283
(i) Purge Piping

(i-1)
(Tough this pump requires steam for steam jacket and bearing cooling medium, but they
are not shown here.)
(Remark)
Because this fluid has high freezing point, piping fluid has to be purged by nitrogen when
transfer stop. However, the residual fluids should be purged via the lowest line and pump
drain.
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 277 of 283
(ii) Connection for Purge
(Connection for
water flushing)
(Remark)
Because it is slurry handling piping system with water as dispersion medium, solid sediments
can be formed sometimes. At this time, hose connection will be used for washing out the
sediments with process water when operation is stopped. Also, it is necessary before re-
starting.
Regarding hose connection configuration, refer to Attachment (18), (a) (ii).
(c ) Purge Pipe of Instrument System
(i) Purge Type Level Indicator

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DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 278 of 283
(ii) Gas Side Purge of Differential Pressure Type Level Indicator
(iii) Manometer Lead Pipe Purge
(iv) Purge of Orifice Flow Meter Lead Pipe
In general, they will not be shown in P&ID and UFD.

SAMSUNG
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 279 of 283
(v) Purge of Target Type Flow Meter
------------------~
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SAMSUNG
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 280 of 283
(19) Deaerator
,-------------
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,
,
H
....
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(Remark) Example for Deaerator and Boiler Feed water Pump

Because there is enough time for pump replacement, automatic start-up is not
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 281 of 283
adopted.
(20) Cooling Tower
(a) Expression of Blow-Down and Make-up Water
(Remark)
When water drain line to cooling tower is at ground.
During winter season, the 10B piping is not routed to cooling tower except for draining, but it has
purpose to let flow directly to basin.
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 282 of 283
(b) Chemical Injection Method

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DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 283 of 283
(21) Air Dryer for Instrument Control System
(a) Heat Generated Type
(i) Internal Heater

SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 284 of 283
(ii) External Heater

SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 285 of 283
(iii) External Heater with Regeneration Blower

SAMSUNG
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 286 of 283
X
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--r-
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---V<}-
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(b) Heatless Regeneration Type

SAMSUNG
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 287 of 283
<lc;U~N: l ~ ____________________________ _
Tlr,i ..
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'lY
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(Remark)
Example for absorbent regeneration method by using a part of dry air.
(Pressure Swing Adsorption System)
(22) Gas Supply by Bombe

SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 288 of 283
(a) Nitrogen Bombe
N2 CYLINDERS
(BY OWNER)
SEM - 9461E
DESIGN MANUAL
DATE: 2005.06.30
PAGE : 289 of 283
(23) Pneumatic Conveying of Particle Materials
(a) Vacuum Pneumatic Conveying by Hopper
(b) Vacuum Pneumatic Conveying by Direct Suction Hose

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SAMSUNG SEM-9461E - Process Design Manual - Preparation of P&amp;ID and UFD Rev1 2005

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Design Manual

Preparation of P&ID and UFD

Date: June 30, 2005

DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 2 of 283

SAMSUNG ENGINEERING CO.,LTD.

2. Paper Size and Composition 9

3. Note method of title block 16

DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 3 of 283

4.2.2 Approved for planning (AFP) 24

5. General Note for P&ID and UFD 28

6. Check list for P & ID and UFD preparation 29

7. Major marking method in preparation of P & ID and UFD 33

8. JOB specification 205

9. Preparation history 205

DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 4 of 283

Appendix: EXAMPLE FOR GENERAL EXPRESSION IN P & ID and UFD 203

DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 5 of 283

1.2 Scope of Application

SEM-0021 P&ID issuing stage and establishment of engineering design stage

DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 6 of 283

1.4 Definitions and Acronyms

1.4.1 Flow Diagram

* Block Flow Diagram

The definitions of P & ID and UFD are as follows;

(2) Utility Flow Diagram (UFD)

1.4.2 Line number

DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 7 of 283

(1) Fluid Symbol

(2) Class Designation

1.4.3 Drawing Symbol

(2) Piping Symbol

DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 8 of 283

(3) Equipment Symbol

1.4.4 Issuing stage of drawing

(2) Approved For Planning (AFP)

(3) Approved For Design (AFD)

(4) Approved For Construction (AFC)

(5) For Approval

DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 9 of 283

2.1 Paper size

2.2.1 Equipment number and arrangement for each drawing

2.2.2 Note position of equipment name and item number

Type of Equipment Note Location

DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 10 of 283

Tank, Bin, Separator, Dryer Top

2.2.3 Note Position and Application of General Note

2.2.4 Expression of Drawing Sheet's continuity

DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 11 of 283

This continuity symbol that will be connected to small drawing number

DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 12 of 283

(2) Connection between P & ID and UFD

(b) Expression on the UFD

DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 13 of 283

* 1 Line Number (extensively)

(3) Connection between UFD and UFD

(4) Connections between P & ID or UFD and Vendor Drawing

DATE : 06-30-2005 PAGE : 14 of 283

* 1 Vendor's P & ID Flow Diagram Drawing No.

SAMSUNG SEM-9461E - Process Design Manual - Preparation of P&ID and UFD Rev1 2005

SAMSUNG SEM-9461E - Process Design Manual - Preparation of P&ID and UFD Rev1 2005

SAMSUNG SEM-9461E - Process Design Manual - Preparation of P&ID and UFD Rev1 2005

(2) APPROVED FOR PLANNING (AFP) a) Follow-‐up of Preliminary Issue content

a) Follow-‐up of note contents for AFC (Hold Point, occurrence of revised