NAMA : HANIF NADA MAJID

NIT : 30620035

MTU 6B

Text 1

A commuter plane had to take evasive action after a Suffolk-based US fighter jet came within 800m
of colliding with it, a report revealed yesterday. The pilots of the KLM UK Fokker 50, which was
carrying 37 passengers, sent it into a dive and then into a climb to avoid the US Air Force F15E Eagle
from RAF Lakenheath. The incident happened as the aircraft, from Amsterdam's Schiphol Airport,
was coming in to land at Teesside Airport on August 13, 2001. The two US crewmen on the F15 had
been on a training exercise and were heading south to return to Lakenheath. An Air Accident
Investigation Branch (AAIB) report said an air traffic controller warned the Fokker when it was
approaching Teesside that a fast-moving aircraft was five miles away and closing. The turboprop
plane's collision warning system sounded, prompting the 35-year-old captain to scan the horizon,
where he spotted the oncoming jet. An alert saying "Descend, descend, descend" then sounded, and
the co-pilot sent it into a dive – but seconds later, the warning system sounded again, telling the
crew to climb immediately. As the F15 passed below, the captain's radar display showed it as being
just 300ft below the Fokker. The captain then saw the plane moving away to his left. After the
incident, which happened 35 nautical miles from Teesside, the captain asked a cabin attendant to
check that no one had been injured. The report said passengers had been subjected to a force of 2G
by the avoiding manoeuvre, but fortunately the 'Fasten seat belts' sign had been on at the time. The
rear seat crewman of the F15, which recorded the incident with an on-board video camera, said he
had seen the Fokker and estimated it was about 400ft above and would pass behind their aircraft. A
report by the safety and quality section of the Manchester Air Traffic Control and Airport found that
the controller managing the situation had acted correctly by not giving the Fokker any instructions,
as they might have aggravated the situation. The AAIB report found that at their closest point, the
two aircraft were 800m apart horizontally and 1500ft apart vertically. Had evasive action not been
taken, it is believed the vertical separation of the two aircraft tracks would have been less than 100ft
and the lateral separation less than 500m. There had been a previous near-miss in the same area
involving a RAF Tornado and a Shorts SD-360 passenger plane in March 2000, the report added. As a
result, a number of recommendations were put into force by the Civil Aviation Authority.

(Source : ​https://www.esl-lounge.com/student/reading/4r44-near-miss.php​)
Vocabulary : Involving: melibatkan, closest: terdekat, evasive: mengelak, aggravated: diperparah,
warned: diperingatkan

Q & A TEXT 1 ( Fill the answer with true or false )

1. This area has seen other similar incidents in the past?. ​False

2. The two planes were going to the same airport? ​True

3. The passenger plane's pilots actually saw the American jet?. ​False

4. The passengers were not aware of anything happening?. ​True

5. A military plane was involved?. ​True

Text 2

Federal Aviation Administration

The FAA has existed in various forms and under various names since 1926 when Congress passed the
first of many federal aviation laws. The Federal Aviation Act of 1958 created an independent Federal
Aviation Agency with the responsibility of establishing air safety regulations and certification
requirements. In 1967, the agency was renamed the Federal Aviation Administration and transferred
to the newly created U.S. Department of Transportation.

FAA headquarters is located in Washington, D.C. Nine regional and three international offices
administer the field elements located in their geographical areas of responsibility. The FAA
administrator makes policies, issues regulations, and provides overall direction for the FAA's
functional programs. Field elements perform operational functions and enforce aviation regulations.
The associate administrator for civil aviation security is responsible for assessing and addressing the
threat to civil aviation security.

https://www.nap.edu/read/9726/chapter/5#18

vocabulary: consolidated :konsolidasi, headed: menuju, create :membuat, passed: lulus, addressing:
menangani

Q & A TEXT 2

1. what the main idea of this text?

Federal Aviation Administrasion
2. what they create on 1958?
Federal Aviation Act
3. what the mission?
The mission of the aviation security research and development program is to generetanved
disseminate expertise and kno ledge in technology
4. all agency consolidated into?
The office of aviation research headed by the assosiacate
5. where location of FAA?
Location in Whasington DC
Text 3

Going active for accurate docking every time

A VDGS visually indicates the positioning of an aircraft at a gate using basic and passive azimuth
positioning and stop guidance. However, a passive VDGS does not know the position of the aircraft
during the docking procedure, since it provides only passive guidance. Although it may be able to
measure the distance to the aircraft, it cannot measure laterally and so does not know the aircraft’s
exact position. This means the accuracy of the guidance depends on the aircraft type, which can
result in misleading information being presented during docking. Furthermore, a VDGS is rather
inflexible as it does not allow re-alignment of centerlines and cannot cope with multiple centerline
gates that support both narrow and wide body aircraft operations. And should there be an incident,
the system will not be able to provide adequate information for a subsequent investigation. On the
other hand, as well as providing basic and passive azimuth and stop position information, an A-VDGS
augments this with active guidance for pilots, using a 3D scanner which measures height, distance
and lateral position. This allows the precise aircraft position to be detected within the gate and
displays relevant and unambiguous information to anyone responsible for parking at the gate. This
more advanced 3D positioning technology enables much more accurate and flexible guidance,
regardless of the aircraft type being docked. Guidance can now be given on how far off the
centreline the aircraft is and the direction to correct the error, distance to the stop position,
accurate indication of when to stop, and a warning if the aircraft goes beyond the stop position. This
alone can create huge cost savings, with 25 percent of all gate related incidents involving passenger
boarding bridges and the cost of a wide body jet out of service for one day being around 100,000
USD.

(Source :
https://blog.adbsafegate.com/advanced-docking-guidance-an-extra-dimension-for-airport-safety-an
d-efficiency/​)

Vocabulary : Guidance: bimbingan, providing: menyediakan, furthermore: selanjutnya, responsible:

bertanggung jawab, inidicates: menunjukan
Q & A Text 3

1. What the meaning about VDGS ?

Visual Docking Guidance
2. What used to measures height, distance and lateral position ?
3D Scanner
3. How much income body jet out of service for one day being ?
100,000 USD
4. What percentage of all gate ?
25 %
5. What the effect using advanced 3D positioning technology ?
Enables much more accurate and flexible guidance, regardless of the aircraft type being
docked.
Text 4

AIR TRAFFIC DATA VISUALIZATION

Understand where air passenger traffic originates, connects and ends, analyze point of sale by
country and region. Forecast traffic for new airline routes and model the economic impact of adding
them to your schedules.

Using MIDT data (Marketing Information Data Tapes) our 'passenger traffic' stats are based on GDS
bookings data and underpinned by OAG’s airport database.

Our Traffic module provides essential insight around air traffic data, including the following reports:

● Origin & Destination Report: Bookings and average fares on a

● given origin-destination with up to two connections.

● Segment and Load Factor Report: Bookings, load factor and average fares for flights on a
given direct origin-destination route.
● Power Table Report: Fully-customised report of passenger booking and average fare data.
● Mix Report: Bookings and average fares for flights on a given direct origin-destination route,
broken down by traffic type: local, behind, bridge and beyond.
● Connections Report: Bookings and average fares by cabin for flights on a given
origin-destination through a specified connecting airport.
● Top X Report: Top carriers, top departure/arrival airports, top routes, top hub airport and
top point of sale based on various criteria (bookings, cabin types, total revenue, average
fares).

Traffic data and insights are core to many industry verticals – here are 5 real life use case examples:

1. Investment Bank​ – Deep dive research on opportunity and data validation to aid their
aviation industry investment decisions.
2. National Tourism Department​ – Discover the origin of inbound tourists, in order to work
with airlines and airports to create more direct flights to increase tourism numbers.
3. Luxury Retailer​ – Creating a more tailored in airport retail opportunity by understanding
more about the flow of passengers, at any given time.
4. International Hotel Group​ – Analyze passenger flows in order to ensure the right hotels are
in the right location and are staffed and operated to meet those passengers’ requirements.
5. Market Research & Media Advertising​ – Understanding more about passengers in order to
create more targeted in airport advertising, that matches the throughput of passengers at
any given time.

(source : ​https://www.oag.com/traffic-analyzer​ )

Vocabulary: Customised: disesuaikan, inbound: masuk, tailored: disesuaikan, specified:

ditentukan, operated: dioperasikan
Q & A Text 4

1. How many report around of air traffic data ?

6
2. Mention the report
1.Origin & Destination Report
2.Segment and Load Factor Report
3.Power Table Report
4.Mix Report
5.Connections Report
6.Top X Report

3. What the meaning Mix Report ?

Bookings and average fares for flights on a given direct origin-destination route,
broken down by traffic type: local, behind, bridge and beyond.
4. Mention the 5 real life case
Investment Bank
National Tourism Department​
Luxury Retailer​
International Hotel Group​
Market Research & Media Advertising

5. What the meaning about Luxury Retailer ?

Creating a more tailored in airport retail opportunity by understanding more about
the flow of passengers, at any given time
Text 5

Air Traffic Management (ATM)

ATM is the dynamic, integrated management of air traffic and airspace including air traffic services,
airspace management and air traffic flow management. The objective is to ensure safely,
economically and efficiently the air traffic flow through the provision of CNS facilities and seamless
services in collaboration with concerned stakeholders.

Air traffic services are used to manage the safe and orderly flow of aircraft into, out of, and across
Pakistan airspace including those portions of high seas for which the responsibility has been
delegated to Pakistan under Regional Air Navigation Agreements.

Airspace management (ASM) is a planning function with the primary objective of maximizing the
utilization of available airspace by dynamic time – sharing and, at times, the segregation of airspace
among various stakeholders based on their needs.

Air traffic Flow Management (ATFM) is a service established with the objective of contributing to a
safe, orderly and expeditious flow of air traffic by ensuring that ATC capacity is utilized to the
maximum extent possible, and that the traffic volume is compatible with the capacities declared by
the appropriate ATS authority.

( course : ​https://www.caapakistan.com.pk/ANS/Ops/ANS-ATM.aspx​ )

Vocabulary : delegated: didelegasikan, utilized: dimanfaatkan, decalred: dideklarasikan, concerned:

prihatin, including: termasuk
Q & A Text 5

1. What the main idea of this text ?

This text description about air traffic management
2. Air traffic services are used for ?
To manage the safe and orderly flow of aircraft into, out of
3. What function of Air traffic Flow Management ?
A service established with the objective of contributing to a safe, orderly and expeditious
flow of air traffic by ensuring that ATC capacity
4. What the meaning about ATC ?
Air Traffic Control
5. Which country this text comes from ?
Pakistan