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Arizona Science Standards - METODO - CIENTIFICO
Arizona Science Standards - METODO - CIENTIFICO
PO 2. (5) Formulate predictions in the realm of science based on observed cause and effect
relationships.
Like a crime detective, you can use the elements of the scientific method to find
the answer to everyday problems. For example you pick up a flashlight and turn
it on, but the light does not work. You have observed that the light does not
work. You ask the question, Why doesn't it work? With what you already know
about flashlights, you might guess (hypothesize) that the batteries are dead.
You say to yourself, if I buy new batteries and replace the old ones in the
flashlight, the light should work. To test this prediction you replace the old
batteries with new ones from the store. You click the switch on. Does the
flashlight work? No?
What else could be the answer? You go back and hypothesize that it might be a
broken light bulb. Your new prediction is if you replace the broken light bulb the
flashlight will work. It’s time to go back to the store and buy a new light bulb.
Now you test this new hypothesis and prediction by replacing the bulb in the
flashlight. You flip the switch again. The flashlight lights up. Success!
If this were a scientific project, you would also have written down the results of
your tests and a conclusion of your experiments. The results of only the light
bulb hypothesis stood up to the test, and we had to reject the battery
hypothesis. You would also communicate what you learned to others with a
published report, article, or scientific paper.
In our flashlight example, you might never get the light to turn on. This probably
means you haven’t made enough different guesses (hypotheses) to test the
problem. Were the new batteries in the right way? Was the switch rusty, or
maybe a wire is broken. Think of all the possible guesses you could test.
No matter what the question, you can use the scientific method to guide you
towards an answer. Even those questions that do not seem to be scientific can
be solved using this process. Like with the flashlight, you might need to repeat
several of the elements of the scientific method to find an answer. No matter
how complex the diagram, the scientific method will include the following pieces
in order to be complete.
The elements of the scientific method can be used by anyone to help answer
questions. Even though these elements can be used in an ordered manner,
they do not have to follow the same order. It is better to think of the scientific
method as fluid process that can take different paths depending on the
situation. Just be sure to incorporate all of the elements when seeking unbiased
answers. Click on the image to see other versions of the scientific method.
Control - A group that is similar to other groups but is left alone so that it
can be compared to see what happened to the other groups that are
tested.
Data - the numbers and measurements you get from the test in a
scientific experiment.
Variable- Something that can cause something you are testing to
change. There are several kinds of variables.
o Independent variable - a variable that you change as part of your
experiment. It is important to only change one independent
variable for each experiment.
o Dependent variable - a variable that changes when the
independent variable is changed.
o Controlled Variable - these are variables that you never change
in your experiment.
https://askabiologist.asu.edu/training-room-game/
Não importa qual seja a pergunta, você pode usar o método científico para
guiá-lo em direção a uma resposta. Mesmo aquelas questões que não parecem
científicas podem ser resolvidas usando este processo. Como acontece com a
lanterna, você pode precisar repetir vários elementos do método científico para
encontrar uma resposta. Não importa quão complexo seja o diagrama, o
método científico incluirá as seguintes peças para ser completo.
Os elementos do método científico podem ser usados por qualquer pessoa
para ajudar a responder a perguntas. Embora esses elementos possam ser
usados de maneira ordenada, eles não precisam seguir a mesma ordem. É
melhor pensar no método científico como um processo fluido que pode tomar
caminhos diferentes dependendo da situação. Apenas certifique-se de
incorporar todos os elementos ao buscar respostas imparciais. Clique na
imagem para ver outras versões do método científico.