FOR UTILITY BUILDING:

Stage 1:
TRADE OFF

RC UTILITY BUILDING

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN(RCD)

ULTIMATE STRENGTH DESIGN(USD) WORKING STRESS DESIGN(WSD)

(Strength Capacity, factor of Safety, (Strength Capacity, factor of Safety,
Environmental) Environmental)

At this stage of design analysis deals with the working stress design and ultimate strength design them
its comparison in terms of Strength Capacity, factor of Safety, Environmental. Then choosing the best
design that will address the constraints mention above.

Stage 2:

ULTIMATE STRENGTH DESIGN(USD) WORKING STRESS DESIGN(WSD)

FINAL DESIGN

This Stage part deals with the Final Design that was adapted. This deals with the comparison of two
chosen design in Reinforced Concrete Design. Then choosing the final best design that address the
constraints mentioned above.

FOR TELECOMMUNICATION TOWER;

Stage 1:
TRADE OFF

TOWER

STRUCTURAL STEEL DESIGN (SSD)

ALLOWABLE STRENGTH (ASD) LOAD RESISTANCE FACTOR DESIGN (LRFD)

(Strength Capacity, factor of Safety) (Strength Capacity, factor of Safety)

At this stage of design analysis deals with the Allowable strength design and Load resistance factor
design them its comparison in terms of Strength Capacity and factor of Safety. Then choosing the best
design that will address the constraints mention above.

Stage 2:

ALLOWABLE STRENGTH (ASD) LOAD RESISTANCE FACTOR DESIGN (LRFD)

FINAL DESIGN

This Stage part deals with the Final Design that was adapted. This deals with the comparison of two
chosen design in Structural Steel Design. Then choosing the final best design that address the
constraints mentioned above.