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PET 441E Enhanced Oil Recovery: by Dr. Murat Çınar Fall 2020
PET 441E Enhanced Oil Recovery: by Dr. Murat Çınar Fall 2020
PET 441E Enhanced Oil Recovery: by Dr. Murat Çınar Fall 2020
by
Dr. Murat Çınar
Fall 2020
Need for EOR
Typical stages of reservoir life:
General definition:
Oil recovery through introduction of energy into a reservoir by injection of materials
not normally present in reservoirs.
EOR involves the application of external forces, and substances to manipulate chemical
and physical interactions in hydrocarbon reservoirs in a manner that promotes favorable
recovery conditions.
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Need for EOR
Reserves are petroleum recoverable from known reservoirs
under prevailing economics and technology.
Reserves ≠ Resources
Production
Present Past Addition
reserves reserves to reserves from R t
reserves
Adding to reserves:
1. Discovering new fields.
2. Discovering new reservoirs in known fields.
3. Extending reservoir in known fields.
4. Redefining reserves because of changes in
economics of extraction technology.
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EOR Target
• Conventional Oil Resources ~3000 billion OOIP
~25% has already been produced
~ 1650 billion OOIP in proven reserves
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EOR Categories
• Thermal
– Steam, ISC
• Gas
– CO2, Hydrocarbon, Nitrogen, Flue Gas
• Chemical
– Polymer, Alkaline, Micellar Polymer
• Other
– Microbial
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EOR Categories US production
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US EOR production
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US EOR production
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US EOR production
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US EOR production
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US EOR production
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US Proven Reserves
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Why Does Gas Injection Dominate?
Statistics show that steam-flooding and CO2 injection
dominate EOR production.
Thermal – Steam
–over 3 trillion bbl OOIP of 20 °API and heavier worldwide
– cogeneration of steam and electricity
• good primary energy efficiency
• strong effect of temperature on μ oil
• CO2
– natural CO2 sources (relatively cheap)
– pipeline network in place
– Governmental regulations and global warming
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Incremental Oil
A universal measure of the success of an EOR process, is the
amount of incremental oil recovered.
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IOR versus EOR
Improved Oil Recovery vs. Enhanced Oil Recovery
IOR EOR
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EOR Promise and Problems
What’s good What’s not good
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