16.

7
SALT HYDROLYSIS
I. Salt Hydrolysis: the cations / anions of the dissociated salt donate / accept hydrogen ions to / from water.
A. Neutralization Rxn: Acid + Base → Salt + Water
H (-) (+) OH → (+) (-) H OH

Salts are created by the reaction of an acid and a base.

1. The cation of a salt comes from its parent ___________________.

2. The anion of a salt comes from its parent ___________________.

3. Examples: What acid and base reacted to produce each of the following salts:

a. NaCl acid: base:

b. NH4Cl acid: base:

c. (NH4)2SO4 acid: base:

B. The cations or anions of a salt can act as a Bronsted-Lowry acid or base in water, thus changing the _________.

C. It is possible to predict whether a salt solution will have pH below, above, or equal to 7 by determining how a
salt ____________________________.

II. Weak acid + Strong base results in a salt solution with a ________________________.

Ex: HC2H3O2 + NaOH → NaC2H3O2 + H2O

III. Strong acid + Weak base results in salt solution with a ________________________.

Ex: NH4OH + HCl → NH4CI + H2O

IV. Strong Acid + Strong Base results in a salt solution with a _____________________.

Ex: KOH + HNO3 → KNO3 + H2O

V. Weak acid + Weak base - this becomes more complicated, and will not be studied in this class.

Examples:
Salt Parent Acid Acid Strength Parent Base Base Strength Type of Solution

SrCl2

NH4NO3

Ba3(PO4)2

CuSO4
 16.7

1. What acids are considered STRONG ACIDS?

2. What bases are considered STRONG BASES?

Complete the following chart:

Salt Parent Acid Acid Strength Parent Base Base Strength Type of Solution

3. KCl

4. NH4NO3

5. Na3PO4

6. CaSO4

7. AlBr3

8. SrF2

9. NaNO3

10. LiC2H3O2

11. ZnCl2

12. Rb3PO4