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D D D D D D D D D: TL1451A Dual Pulse-Width-Modulation Control Circuits
D D D D D D D D D: TL1451A Dual Pulse-Width-Modulation Control Circuits
SCP
REF
Qualification to Automotive Standards
NC
CT
RT
description 3 2 1 20 19
1IN+ 4 18 2IN+
The TL1451A incorporates on a single monolithic
chip all the functions required in the construction 1IN– 5 17 2IN–
of two pulse-width-modulation (PWM) control NC 6 16 NC
circuits. Designed primarily for power-supply 1FEEDBACK 7 15 2FEEDBACK
control, the TL1451A contains an on-chip 2.5-V
IDTC 8 14 2DTC
regulator, two error amplifiers, an adjustable
9 10 11 12 13
oscillator, two dead-time comparators, undervol-
V CC
1OUT
NC
2OUT
GND
tage lockout circuitry, and dual common-emitter
output transistor circuits.
The uncommitted output transistors provide
common-emitter output capability for each
controller. The internal amplifiers exhibit a common-mode voltage range from 1.04 V to 1.45 V. The dead-time
control (DTC) comparator has no offset unless externally altered and can provide 0% to 100% dead time. The
on-chip oscillator can be operated by terminating RT and CT. During low VCC conditions, the undervoltage
lockout control circuit feature locks the outputs off until the internal circuitry is operational.
The TL1451AC is characterized for operation from – 20°C to 85°C. The TL1451AQ is characterized for operation
from – 40°C to 125°C. The TL1451AM is characterized for operation from – 55°C to 125°C.
AVAILABLE OPTIONS
PACKAGED DEVICES
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Copyright 1999, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments On products compliant to MIL-PRF-38535, all parameters are tested
standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include unless otherwise noted. On all other products, production
testing of all parameters. processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters.
14 10
ERROR IN + + 2 OUTPUT
AMPLIFIER 2 13 –
IN –
12
2 FEEDBACK Oscillator PWM
1/2 Vref COMP
5
1 FEEDBACK
Reference 16
REF
12 kΩ Voltage
15
SCP
170 kΩ UVLO
R
R
S
3
ERROR IN + +
4 7
AMPLIFIER 1 IN – – 1 OUTPUT
PWM
COMP
6
1 DTC 8
GND
COMPONENT COUNT
Resistors 65
Capacitors 8
Transistors 105
JFETs 18
oscillator section
TL1451C
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS UNIT
MIN TYP† MAX
Frequency CT = 330 pF, RT = 10 kΩ 200 kHz
Standard deviation of frequency CT = 330 pF, RT = 10 kΩ 10%
Frequency change with voltage VCC = 3.6 V to 40 V 1%
TA = –20°C to 25°C – 0.4% ± 2%
Frequency change with temperature
TA = 25°C to 85°C – 0.2% ± 2%
† All typical values are at TA = 25°C.
error-amplifier section
TL1451AC
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS UNIT
MIN TYP† MAX
Input offset voltage VO (FEEDBACK) = 1.25 V ±6 mV
Input offset current VO (FEEDBACK) = 1.25 V ±100 nA
Input bias current VO (FEEDBACK) = 1.25 V 160 500 nA
1.05
Common-mode input voltage
g range
g VCC = 3.6 V to 40 V to V
1.45
Open-loop voltage amplification RF = 200 kΩ 70 80 dB
Unity-gain bandwidth 1.5 MHz
Common-mode rejection ratio 60 80 dB
Positive output voltage swing Vref – 0.1 V
Negative output voltage swing 1 V
Output (sink) current (FEEDBACK) VID = – 0.1 V, VO = 1.25 V 0.5 1.6 mA
Output (source) current (FEEDBACK) VID = 0.1 V, VO = 1.25 V – 45 –70 µA
† All typical values are at TA = 25°C.
output section
TL1451AC
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS UNIT
MIN TYP† MAX
Collector off-state current VO = 50 V 10 µA
Output saturation voltage IO = 10 mA 1.2 2 V
Short-circuit output current VO = 6 V 90 mA
† All typical values are at TA = 25°C.
total device
TL1451AC
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS UNIT
MIN TYP† MAX
Standby supply current Off-state 1.3 1.8 mA
Average supply current RT = 10 kΩ 1.7 2.4 mA
† All typical values are at TA = 25°C.
oscillator section
TL1451AQ, TL1451AM
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS UNIT
MIN TYP† MAX
TA = 25°C 200
CT = 330 pF,
F
Frequency TA = 125°C 195 kHz
RT = 10 kΩ
TA = MIN 193
Standard deviation of frequency CT = 330 pF, RT = 10 kΩ 2%
TA = 25°C 1%
Frequency change with voltage VCC = 3.6 V to 40 V TA = 125°C 1%
TA = MIN 3%
Frequency change with temperature 1.37% *± 10%
*These parameters are not production tested.
† All typical values are at TA = 25°C unless otherwise indicated.
error-amplifier section
TL1451AQ, TL1451AM
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS UNIT
MIN TYP† MAX
TA = 25°C ±6
Input offset voltage VO (FEEDBACK) = 1.25 V TA = 125°C ± 10 mV
TA = MIN ± 12
TA = 25°C ±100
Input offset current VO (FEEDBACK) = 1.25 V TA = 125°C ±100 nA
TA = MIN ±200
TA = 25°C 160 500
Input bias current VO (FEEDBACK) = 1.25 V TA = 125°C 100 500 nA
TA = MIN 142 700
1.05
Common-mode input voltage
g range
g VCC = 3.6 V to 40 V to V
1.45
TA = 25°C 70 80
Open-loop voltage amplification RF = 200 kΩ TA = 125°C 70 80 dB
TA = MIN 64 80
Unity-gain bandwidth 1.5 MHz
Common-mode rejection ratio 60 80 dB
Positive output voltage swing 2 V
Negative output voltage swing 1 V
TA = 25°C 0.5 1.6
Output (sink) current (FEEDBACK) VID = – 0.1 V, VO = 1.25 V TA = 125°C 0.4 1.8 mA
TA = MIN 0.3 1.7
TA = 25°C – 45 – 70
Output (source) current (FEEDBACK) VID = 0.1 V, VO = 1.25 V TA = 125°C – 25 – 50 µA
TA = MIN – 15 – 70
† All typical values are at TA = 25°C unless otherwise indicated.
output section
TL1451AQ, TL1451AM
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS UNIT
MIN TYP† MAX
Collector off-state current VO = 50 V 10 µA
TA = 25°C 1.20 2.0
Output saturation voltage TA = 125°C 1.60 2.4 V
TA = MIN 1.36 2.2
Short-circuit output current VO = 6 V 90 mA
† All typical values are at TA = 25°C unless otherwise indicated.
total device
TL1451AQ, TL1451AM
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS UNIT
MIN TYP† MAX
Standby supply current Off-state 1.3 1.8 mA
Average supply current RT = 10 kΩ 1.7 2.4 mA
† All typical values are at TA = 25°C unless otherwise indicated.
4.7 kΩ OUT2
16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9
TL1451A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
CT RT
330 pF 10 kΩ
Test
Input
0.6 V
Protection Enable
Terminal Waveform 0V
tpe†
Short-Circuit Protection H
Comparator Output L
3.6 V
Power Supply Voltage 2.8 V TYP
0V
† Protection Enable Time, tpe = (0.051 x 106 x Cpe) in seconds
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TRIANGLE OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY VARIATION
vs vs
TIMING RESISTANCE FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
1M 3
VCC = 5 V VCC = 3.6 V
osc – Triangle Oscillator Frequency – Hz
ÎÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ
CT = 150 pF
100 k 1
0
ÎÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ
10 k
CT = 1500 pF
–1
ÎÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ
–2
ÎÎÎÎÎ
ffosc
∆afosc
CT = 15000 pF
1k –3
1k 4k 10 k 40 k 100 k 400 k 1M –25 0 25 50 75 100
RT – Timing Resistance – Ω TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
Figure 3 Figure 4
TA = 25°C TA = 25°C
uSs
2.2
Triangle Waveform Period – µ
2 101
1.8
1.6
1.4 100
1.2
0.8 10–1
101 102 103 104 105 101 102 103 104 105
CT – Timing Capacitance – pF CT – Timing Capacitance – pF
Figure 5 Figure 6
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
30
ÎÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ
10
ÎÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎÎÎ
10
ÎÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎÎ 0
ÎÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎÎ 0
ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ
–10
ÎÎÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎÎÎ
–10
ÁÁ
ÁÁ
– 20
ÁÁ
ÁÁ
– 20
∆VO(ref)
ÁÁ ÁÁ ∆VO(ref)
ÁÁ ÁÁ
– 30 – 30
– 25 0 25 50 75 100 – 25 0 25 50 75 100
TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
Figure 7 Figure 8
2.5 1
Dropout Voltage Variation – V
2 0.9
1.5 0.8
ÁÁ
1 0.7
VO(ref)
ÁÁ
ÁÁ
0.5 0.6
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 – 25 0 25 50 75 100
VCC – Supply Voltage – V TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
Figure 9 Figure 10
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT
HYSTERESIS CHARACTERISTICS UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT CHARACTERISTIC
6 3.5 300
TA = 25°C
ÁÁ
2 (Right Scale)
7,10 I = IO 2.25 50
ÁÁ
VVCE
CE
8 VDE
ÁÁ
1
2 0
IO = 10 mA
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 –25 0 25 50 75 100
VCC – Supply Voltage – V TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
Figure 11 Figure 12
1.20 2
Short-Circuit Protection
1.15 1.5
Comparator Threshold Voltage
(Left Scale)
1.10 1
– 25 0 25 50 75 100
TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
Figure 13
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
PROTECTION ENABLE TIME
vs
PROTECTION ENABLE CAPACITANCE
18
15
6
tpe
0
0 50 100 150 200 250
CPE – Protection Enable Capacitance – µF
SCP Vref
15 16
170 kΩ Vref Vref
Short-circuit
Protection 12 kΩ
Comparator S R
CPE Protection U.V.L.O.
ERROR AMP 1 Latch
ERROR AMP 2
+
1.25 V
–
Figure 14
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
VCC = 5 V VCC = 5 V
2 TA = 25°C 80 TA = 25°C
1.5 60
1.25 50
1 40
0.75 30
0.5 20
0.25 10
0 0
1k 10 k 100 k 1M 10 M 100 1k 10 k 100 k 1M 2M
f – Frequency – Hz f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 15 Figure 16
GAIN (AMPLIFIER IN
UNITY-GAIN CONFIGURATION)
vs
FREQUENCY
10
VCC = 5 V
TA = 25°C
5
0
G – Gain – dB
–5
–10
–15
–20
1k 10 k 100 k 1M 10 M
f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 17
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
CLOSED-LOOP GAIN AND PHASE SHIFT
vs
FREQUENCY
70
VCC = 5 V CX: 47 pF
Rref = 150 Ω 470 pF
60 Cref = 470 pF 4700 pF
TA = 25°C
Phase Shift
Closed-Loop Gain – dB
50 (Right Scale)
Closed-Loop Gain 0°
Phase Shift
40 (Left Scale) – 10°
– 20°
30 – 30°
– 40°
20 – 50°
– 60°
10 – 70°
– 80°
0 – 90°
100 1k 10 k 100 k 1M
f – Frequency – Hz
Vref
+
–
39 kΩ Cx Rref
Cref
39 kΩ
Test Circuit
Figure 18
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
CLOSED-LOOP GAIN AND PHASE SHIFT
vs
FREQUENCY
70
VCC = 5 V CX: 47 pF
Rref = 15 Ω 470 pF
60 Cref = 470 pF 4700 pF
TA = 25°C
Phase Shift
Closed-Loop Gain – dB
50
(Right Scale)
0°
Closed-Loop Gain
Phase Shift
40 (Left Scale) – 10°
– 20°
30 – 30°
– 40°
20 – 50°
– 60°
10 – 70°
– 80°
0 – 90°
100 1k 10 k 100 k 1M
f – Frequency – Hz
Vref
+
–
39 kΩ Cx Rref
Cref
39 kΩ
Test Circuit
Figure 19
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
CLOSED-LOOP GAIN AND PHASE SHIFT
vs
FREQUENCY
70
VCC = 5 V CX: 47 pF
Rref = 15 Ω 470 pF
60 Cref = 470 pF 4700 pF
TA = 25°C
Closed-Loop Gain – dB
50 Phase Shift
Closed-Loop Gain (Right Scale) 0°
Phase Shift
40 (Left Scale) – 10°
– 20°
30 – 30°
– 40°
20 – 50°
– 60°
10 – 70°
– 80°
0 – 90°
100 1k 10 k 100 k 1M
f – Frequency – Hz
Vref
+
–
39 kΩ Cx Rref
Cref
39 kΩ
Test Circuit
Figure 20
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
CLOSED-LOOP GAIN AND PHASE SHIFT
vs
FREQUENCY
70
VCC = 5 V
Cref = 470 pF
60 TA = 25°C
Closed-Loop Gain – dB
50
0°
Phase Shift
40 Closed-Loop Gain – 10°
Phase Shift
(Left Scale) – 20°
(Right Scale)
30 – 30°
– 40°
20 – 50°
– 60°
10 – 70°
– 80°
0 – 90°
100 1k 10 k 100 k 1M
f – Frequency – Hz
Vref
+
–
39 kΩ
Cref
39 kΩ
Test Circuit
Figure 21
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
OUTPUT SINK CURRENT
vs
COLLECTOR OUTPUT SATURATION VOLTAGE
120
TA = – 20°C
110
TA = 25°C
100
90 TA = 85°C
Output Sink Current – mA
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
VCC = 3.6 V
10
0
0 5 10 15 20
Collector Output Saturation Voltage – V
Figure 22
TEST CIRCUIT
VO(ref) – 0.07
– 25 0 25 50 75 100
TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
Figure 23
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
OUTPUT TRANSISTOR ON DUTY CYCLE STANDBY CURRENT
vs vs
DEAD-TIME INPUT VOLTAGE SUPPLY VOLTAGE
0
VCC = 3.6 V TA = 25°C
10 RT = 10kΩ 2
Output Transistor “On” Duty Cycle – %
ÁÁ
0.5
80
90
100
ÁÁ IICC 0.25
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 0 10 20 30 40
Dead-Time Input Voltage – V VCC – Supply Voltage – V
Figure 24 Figure 25
125°C/W
1.5 800
Stand-By Current, VCC = 40 V, No Load
700
1.25
600
Stand-By Current, VCC = 3.6 V, No Load 16-Pin NS Plastic SO
1 500
ÁÁ
ÁÁ
0.75
400
Thermal Resistance
ICC
300
0.5 250°C/W
200
0.25 100
0 0
–25 0 25 50 75 100 –25 0 25 50 75 100
TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C TA – Free-Air Temperature
Figure 26 Figure 27
APPLICATION INFORMATION
VCC
220 kΩ 150 Ω
470 Ω L1
0.47 µF 50 kΩ 33 kΩ 330 pF
33 kΩ R1 R3
R2 Step-Up
C2 Output
33 kΩ 33 kΩ R4
C1
500 pF
Vref
16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9
TL1451A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
470 Ω
470 Ω
R5
C5 220 Ω 1 µF L2
500
pF
R6
Step-Down
C4 Output
33 kΩ 470 Ω R7
33 kΩ
NOTE A: Values for R1 through R7, C1 through C4, and L1 and L2 depend upon individual application.
MECHANICAL DATA
D (R-PDSO-G**) PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE PACKAGE
14 PINS SHOWN
0.050 (1,27)
0.020 (0,51)
0.010 (0,25) M
0.014 (0,35)
14 8
0.010 (0,25)
1 7
0°– 8°
0.044 (1,12)
A 0.016 (0,40)
Seating Plane
PINS **
8 14 16
DIM
MECHANICAL DATA
DB (R-PDSO-G**) PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE PACKAGE
28 PINS SHOWN
0,38
0,65 0,15 M
0,22
28 15
0,15 NOM
5,60 8,20
5,00 7,40
Gage Plane
1 14 0,25
A 0°– 8° 1,03
0,63
Seating Plane
PINS **
8 14 16 20 24 28 30 38
DIM
4040065 / C 10/95
MECHANICAL DATA
FK (S-CQCC-N**) LEADLESS CERAMIC CHIP CARRIER
28 TERMINALS SHOWN
NO. OF A B
18 17 16 15 14 13 12
TERMINALS
** MIN MAX MIN MAX
0.020 (0,51)
0.010 (0,25)
0.055 (1,40)
0.045 (1,14)
0.045 (1,14)
0.035 (0,89)
4040140 / C 11/95
MECHANICAL DATA
J (R-GDIP-T**) CERAMIC DUAL-IN-LINE
14 LEADS SHOWN
PINS **
14 16 20
DIM
0.100 (2,54)
0.020 (0,51) MIN A
0.070 (1,78)
0.023 (0,58)
0.015 (0,38) 0°–15°
4040083/E 03/99
MECHANICAL DATA
N (R-PDIP-T**) PLASTIC DUAL-IN-LINE PACKAGE
16 PINS SHOWN
PINS **
14 16 18 20
DIM
0.260 (6,60)
0.240 (6,10)
1 8
0.070 (1,78) MAX
0.310 (7,87)
0.035 (0,89) MAX 0.020 (0,51) MIN
0.290 (7,37)
Seating Plane
0.100 (2,54)
0°– 15°
0.021 (0,53)
0.010 (0,25) M 0.010 (0,25) NOM
0.015 (0,38)
4040049/C 08/95
MECHANICAL DATA
NS (R-PDSO-G**) PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE PACKAGE
14 PINS SHOWN
0,51
1,27 0,25 M
0,35
14 8
0,15 NOM
5,60 8,20
5,00 7,40
Gage Plane
1 7 0,25
Seating Plane
PINS **
14 16 20 24
DIM
4040062 / B 02/95
MECHANICAL DATA
PW (R-PDSO-G**) PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE PACKAGE
14 PINS SHOWN
0,30
0,65 0,10 M
0,19
14 8
0,15 NOM
4,50 6,60
4,30 6,20
Gage Plane
0,25
1 7
0°– 8°
A 0,75
0,50
Seating Plane
PINS **
8 14 16 20 24 28
DIM
4040064/F 01/97
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