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Ans: An: a An: a Exercise Answer these questions. Define external and internal organs Some organs are outside the body such as eyes, nose, ears, lips, etc. They are called external organs, Some organs are present inside the body such as bones, muscles, brain, stomach, lungs, ete. They are called internal organs. How do bones and muscles help us in the movement of body? A bone is attached to the muscles for movement. Muscles can move a bone when they contract or relax. Muscles contract when they get message from the brain. For example, if you want to pick up your bag, the brain will send a message to the muscles. The muscle contracts and pulls up the bone attached. After doing this the muscle will relax, which means that it will return to its normal size What is brain? Write its functions. : Brain is the control centre of our body. It is the most complex organ. It keeps on working even when we are asleep. The brain receives different information from organs, like eyes, ears, nose, etc, The brain reads each message and decides how our body should respond. It controls speech, movement, senses, emotions, dreams and all other body functions Why is heart important to keep us alive? Write its functions. Heart is an organ that pumps blood. This blood circulates throughout the body. The flow of blood keeps us alive. Elaborate different types of permanent teeth? : There are four types of permanent teeth: incisors, canines, premolars and molars. Our front teeth are incisors. Canines are the pointed teeth next to the incisors. Behind the canines are the premolars. Molars are behind premolars. Fill in the blanks. The organs combine together to form an _organ system Skeleton protects our internal organs as our brain is protected by __skull The food we eat is well chewed ___ by the teeth. The left lung is _smaller__ than the right lung. Skin __ is the outer covering of human body Circle the correct options. The smallest part of all living things is © bone Oeeit © organ © tissue2. There are over ___ 600 muscles in our body. © 600 © 602 © 605 © 607 3. __Brain __ reads messages and decides how our body should respond. O Heart © skutt © Brain © Muscles 4. is a sensory organ to taste food. @ ear Otve © Nose © Tongue 5. We can feel things by touching them with the help of: Orkin O cues O rose O ears Write down the names of external and internal organs of the human body. External Organs Internal Organs Lose J Loe) Cte (tps | [mouth | [stomach | [brain | muscles @ write down the function of each organ in a human body. Jas A Ears receive the sounds || Heart pumps blood that || Muscles perform many func 9 lifting things. etc... “Stomach helps in _digestion of food. ‘from all around us. G@ Find the organs in the puzzle with the help of givn pictures.t \. , he hte ge wna Petr be Peat PI lg Set SSBL Ue hol lenceCHIL Ye Irs Le Sue Fi the bn For deur de Ln her tee via be Fer Me ne Kee Siaibiemiuir ZL ce ty yete Wel be bi bt Veter ¥ HAGE fi Ut E Sit 603 Sein Gi ee an Se Sab WAS i . AG eb Me th: in Ue ew et BoE enp Solita to titg£ MA CIOD una zi guid WW Loe dul ttc bhi dn dy doe w Adz eo efi uly Sbes er bee UF iF BS TNS Peebles pe Sees 2 dis JI GEL bberer” thet Sel Lf Powt il Lb he LU Asa le wel Ysline US Sc bt nf UFbese the Fit te see Ktese ES Suess 21oo “ee Pooper Poco ui ) Lat eB pe Spin Al SUE we”) AP , . : 3 ou ‘= “uw, we fUFt UE Sle! weIOFt_Ui7UPt ar, « Ue YB F Slee Exercise © Answer these questions. 1. Why do we need food? An: a : Food is one of the basic needs of life. It gives us energy. Our body needs energy not only to walk or exercise but also for all other activities such as growth and protection from diseases. 2. Why are carbohydrates necessary for us? An: a Carbohydrates are the most important source of energy for our body. It is necessary for proper functioning of brain, heart, kidneys and nervous system. 3. Write two specific functions and sources of proteins. An: a : Proteins are the building materials for our body. These are also essential for growth and repair of damaged body parts. Meat, fish, eggs, milk and milk products are sources of proteins. 4. Write two specific functions and sources of fats. Ans: Fats protect our internal organs such as heart, kidneys, etc. from injury. Ghee, butter, fish, corn, coconut oil are some sources of fats.An: a Ans: Ans: Name sources of vitamins and minerals : Sources of vitamins are leafy green vegetables, fruits, eggs, milk, etc. Minerals are found in green vegetables, fruits, milk, eggs, etc. Why is it important to eat food from all the food groups? The body needs a variety of foods. We should not stick to only a few foods. It is necessary to select different food groups in proper amount, so that our body may get all the required nutrients to remain healthy and develop resistance to diseases. Write down three basic principles of hygiene? Wash your hands using clean water and soap before eating, after visiting toilet and touching unclean objects. Take a bath daily. Brush your teeth twice a day. © Fill in the blanks. 1. Food gives us _@P€9Y to perform various activities The _nutrients which are needed by our body for various purposes are present in different foods Carbohydrates are the most important source of energy for our body. Proteins are the building materials for our body Fats protect our internal organs from ___""yury Minerals perform many functions in our body such as formation of bones, teeth and blood cells. Food Pyramid js a chart that helps us in choosing daily food.@ Circle the correct options. 1. 24 Which mineral keeps our bones and teeth strong? @ iodine © calcium © iron dal of these Which nutrients regulate the body temperature? @ carbohydrates b> minerals © fats d. proteins The foods rich in carbohydrates are: @ potato, wheat b meat, fish c ghee, oil d nuts, eggs The diet which contains right amount of nutrients is: @ unhealthy diet b unbalanced diet © tasty diet @ balanced diet Animal source of fats is: @ coconut oil b corn oil © fish oil d. olive oil Minerals play an important role in our growth. @ Vitamins b Fats © Minerals d Carbohydrates Which of the following food items if eaten more can make us sick? @ milk © burger and cold drinks © fruits d vegetables© Name the major nutrients found in food. Write at least one food source of each and major functions of these nutrients in our body. Lert Food Sources Laem ae Ly] Wheat, rice, maize, Carbohydrates | ete Most important sources of energy for our body These are essential for growth and repair of Proteins Meat, fish, peas, etc, damaged body parts. Ghee, butter, olive Fats are stored under the skin to protect the Fats oil, ete. body from temperature changes. Vitamins Fruits, eggs, milk, etc.| These are essential for fighting against diseases. Green vegetables, Minerals help in formation of bones, teeth and Minerals fruits, eggs, etc. blood cells @ Fill in the puzzle boxes with the correct words using the clues given below: wl|e)o]s|-vl— Building materials for our Important source of energy body parts. for our body. A mineral found in table salt. a Protect the body from EL Make bones and teeth strong temperature changes. Protect against the diseases.ia SF Ur t Usa ul 6 wh & wrb Lily Ne Qion xc wished Grd Lumwbplty oti Yb, epee tn PS A URL IL LL eG Sor thie bili UL Sie MPS BOT et Lud Ser re SiMe Stevo Gur eS MF Golo eo eprride cl pL IN bie Uke pan ES HU LWP ES ble Active ssh tie wl Sy LS ee pple eAL Leap» yt SAy LLL iI yb A AA Moy SF LW a SDI FO LAP Ag gt Ley 26Bie bee (PL ieee Meet iP Ager PL viet, < ben Paste bi Gre te ty WF -- Gx derit Ube edly SoS Sif OBE Net LL ie SUI LAP A PE UE LW len et LUI wie Lume iL Sid z-c the Mtg isie SMG bie Gr iy Souther WEAK A Crea 36 SILL NG, tO utube PP? BF See LEW AP he BELL ISP isis Si he Fn PEN A ALS RIO tei Girds Ue Ly We iy LE i OI Fe yy — JF 3 Lb es SAute A LW ENF SOA GM ly de el? we pa Et Jt oy WEE Leen ie UF SP UI Ay hs Wi OS FW Urey e tp o£ tity e tWUZ et On Ee tn Pp sle AP GRAIL 27Bee phd LEI Si A Gini pig Put eA GL Pasl pS bie tr pag he« ets fii ED ep Hid £ JPL Moe Soe fet SAA H SUI | U9 Zide ety Axe Cue eo th hee Ure CWA Sie te WiSurds bie Hs Sa Ph Ly CWI LUE Ute bee Ps GA itive be tv ete LUyby Saw be ut LW gy wid IE Bi Se widS3 piusgep ied ESR uid 3 SBI ES ete Gly slut te sleogn MF Solut 2 S98 Suse ui lbndttu hia day uth Abe tia bass Sin Sige tee iL re bicoy lai bey Ut Lb (4 Suelalye Ault LSU phat. 64 btu l Uieg Kot LEG LIuIL GS tet 28Exercise 0 Answer these questions. 1. Define the following terms: @ Producers (ii) Consumers Ans: Producers Green plants get energy from the Sun to make their own food. They have chlorophyll in their leaves to capture sunlight. Plants use the Sun’s energy to combine carbon dioxide and water to make their food. These plants are called producers Consumers Many organisms cannot make their own food. They cannot get energy from the Sun directly. They get energy from other organisms. All living organisms that eat or consume other living things are called consumers. 2. Differentiate between secondary and tertiary consumers with examples An: a : Secondary consumers Secondary consumers obtain energy by feeding on primary consumers. They eat insects or animals that consume plants or producers. Penguins, seals, spiders, etc. are some examples of secondary consumers. Tertiary consumers Some animals get energy by eating secondary consumers. They are called tertiary consumers. Lions, sharks, hawks, alligators, etc, are some examples of tertiary consumers 3. Name some examples of each of the following @ Herbivores (i) Carnivores Gi) Omnivores An: a Herbivores: Goat, deer, rabbit, caterpillar, elephant, etc. Carnivores: Lion, shark, hawk, snake, penguin, etc Omanivores: Black bear, mice, rat, human, squirrels, etc 4. What is meant by a food chain? An: a Organisms depend upon one another for food. An animal feeds on plants or animals and is itself eaten by some other animals. For example, the plant is eaten by a caterpillar. The caterpillar is eaten by a frog, then frog is eaten by a snake and so on. This relationship or series of eating and being eaten among organisms is called food chain. 2Ans: f 30 What are decomposers? Decomposers are living organisms such as bacteria and fungi, which are responsible for the breakdown of waste and dead animals and plants. They feed on dead materials and break them down into nutrients and mix in the soil. Fill in the blanks. Animals that eat both plants and animals are called _omnivores . Meat-eating animals are called carnivores Animals that eat only plants are called _herbivores Herbs, shrubs and trees are all _Producers Bacteria and fungi are called _decomposers Some animals get energy by eating secondary consumers, they are called tertiary consumers. Tick (vy) the correct sentence and cross (x) the wrong one. Plants are consumers. Things decompose due to action of fungi and bacteria. v Bacteria are producers. Man and cow are omnivores. Lion is a carnivore. v Choose the correct options. Which of the following organisms are decomposers? eo green plants oe men @© bacteria and fungi @ lions and tigersSeries of eating and being eaten among organisms is called: © habitat © food chain © pollution © environment Omnivores eat: eo plants only 8 meat of other animals only @© both plants and meat © neither plants nor meat Caterpillar is: © a herbivore © a carnivore © 2 decomposer © an omnivore A black bear is an example of. O camivore @ ormnivore © consumer © producer Lions and sharks are examples of: © decomposers © herbivores © secondary consumers @O tertiary consumers The following is a list of different organisms. Sort them out according to their eating habits by writing their names in the relevant boxes. (1) bear (2) butterfly (3) lion (4) human (5) eagle (6) elephant = | elephant butterfly bear _ , eagle 31tm ebus buys b 6 wud nob Luise ltd ieby lL fa Swe Li sige igen ukuute & Uithedte Age on Py Sy tevin tyl MeL PUN bly yh OE See te te eb KUe hf Lute BA, ut Le yp Phebe iit LA be vfese -Urebis why bi Seuittae bey fold LE SAYS Pe usbie stunt. pea . ebNstLudpget We ng wt et ob Puig Ln Sole ete Ute phy eho hey (PGi ky Let bly Batic whe Fre teving Ser LG Lbs Beth ret eo GE AML vldevowy ku Ba ve Ulu pinbte pig liu wh eu a gle rE MUS Re, Agel ye ig Lesley Leathe wut Lote ude ety ut tyf tn be . teen Ted Soe dent te dep Sul wetted Leu Ftp lenbee uy AL orden gle Oexbtte tip So iluPive fer Lwrg by eld, thvon, pA tive pig tenet tn better by UTE L A FLL seb) Sor Uy nd Seg eb hf gSe Kw L ik wine tel E Bovis wt hip el Lite F Geobthe AL tly c Grebe Pot We ZBL ed Ste EWU Ste Det 6 BSE, CPE Bbc he cp ol Zi elt bu Lt Wa ee tert hele tentyut Atal 33a tN ire te Pie Ube vente e Seto gon Bul Exercise © answer these questions. 1. What is meant by life cycle? Ans: The complete stages of life of a living organism are called life cycle 2. Define the life cycle of a hen. An: a A hen lays eggs. It sits on the eggs to keep them warm until they hatch. The chicks hatch from the eggs in twenty-one days. The hen brings food for them, so they grow. The chicks grow into hens or roosters after about three months. 3. Briefly explain the life cycle of a frog. An: a 1A female frog lays eggs in water. After three weeks, tadpoles hatch from the eggs. After 5 weeks, the tadpoles begin to change. They undergo many changes. At this stage, they are called froglets. After another 3-4 weeks tail of the froglets starts to disappear and it grows into an adult frog. 4. What do you know about the tadpoles? An: a Tadpoles have a long tail. They have gills that help them to breathe in water. They look like a small fish. They like to eat small plants and animals in water. 5. Why does a butterfly lay eggs on the lower surface of a leaf? ANS: The eggs are laid on the lower surface of leaves to hide them from animals that might eat them.© Fill in the blanks. 1. The complete stages of life of a living organism are called _life cycle 2. ‘The hen sits on the eggs to keep them ___warm ___ until they hatch. 3. Tadpoles have __ gills that help them to breathe in water. 4. The adult frogs can __tespire through their skin. 5. A caterpillar encloses itself in a hard structure, called _chrysalis © Match the following columns. Column A Column B Complete stages of life | | on tand as well as in water. Chicks hatch from eggs ¢ | on the lower surface of the leaves. INN YN J Frog spends its life | are called life cycle. A tadpole has | in twenty-one days A butterfly lays eggs | fins and gills _ A buttenly lays e995 © Draw, label and complete the life cycle chart in order from an egg to a butterfly. ly ype Adult Butter) 9 Caterpillar Pupa@ Put arrows to complete the life cycle of a frog. Label the life cycle stages. Adult Frog [__Freatet) iy Tadpoles with legs 36ia Ure Paik QO LAPS bh atratic lend £ bu Soe ut busty ct Led 4 oti MAE Luke burt Aol te Bue dh Se te WIL ule yi bd ten lepe XK Bene es ee Be Piece et FEL PL Lrg tb OA fen bit Souter Pe Sent Se Lute tL Oi Ble ee Ley fejar lh fLvigt du bs StL tee th tink S fot, tobe be Stenton & En tsi br gtoy viseeta oS benien Sr Titi tbr PLB owe 2d Semi Beinbien guuiube a Sie tik wt eth ras SLL ute ti 2 Lagtitte os Suds Li tin Thue dh 37266" we bre 2S ML LE Soobesix ait, Bh MP ober be helo err SAA SL Ng & wit did Lire ttn (FO Jb bot Ure te VSL EL 2 = 21s Seb AL Le BoAite bole eit LL SEG Mt bord eileen th rk LIS AL SIL Ute te Suse Abin tte BE Lantc dentyinfoivure aod ih yerfinedg PHEALOE bot Le EE ikea lt bet OL et oi PLE L bor Site ols eV reobebend ner fEii tr il bt wie dy eee ite Sut) ital Shs te Sole SLL is Le M1 38UE Le ete bony ICIS ws oO oro Wey, tree @ meee APL Suri Wterviugbe © ° IK, wird el UL dd i E Acton 2 tl ee tien bey at we Lt ES Cute) Lou tukrubk WS ee EU I iL Lawgth bunt Tyee ene whe ut Lt Nel He UP BE, Ue SE woh sash Gitte (Meet La SfEb FL Stet, She de Be Exercise © answer these questions. 1. Define endangered animals. Ans: Endangered means “to be under threat or near extinction”. When animals are endangered it means that they are disappearing fast or have a very small population. 39An: a An: a An: ° 5. cc) 1. 40 What do you think why dinosaurs became extinct? : Thousands of years ago, a meteor storm is thought to have caused the extinction of dinosaurs Why water gets dirty day-by-day? : Factories dump waste water into rivers and streams without removing harmful chemicals. The chemicals sprayed on crops also pollute the underground water, rivers and lakes. Explain the following terms: (0 Deforestation (i) Hunting : Deforestation: Deforestation is the clearing or cutting down of forest Hunting: Hunting is an act of finding and killing wild animals Fill in the blanks. Every animal and plant on the Earth is important for the welfare of the planet. Some organisms are moving from one habitat to another due to environmental changes Deforestation is the major cause of habitat loss for millions of forest organisms. The _chemicals_ sprayed on crops pollute the underground water. Many animals become endangered or even extinct due to over hunting Circle the correct options. Which one of the following animals became extinct? ©@ dinosaur b elephant © frog d panda2. 3. When animals are in danger of becoming extinct, these are called endangered animals @ protected animals b dead animals © endangered animals d safe animals Planting trees is not a cause for the depletion or extinction of a species @ Climatic change b Deforestation © Loss of habitat @ Planting trees aRIK Kore 8 patito one BA Sig tibL ot ut fend La bney BEY MEN L IM Ale Le Wed E uses ys wy ruse le be PARA AIL Uy tig CUE Le ee hI 212 VEL GUA teeta & bey te tr BUR I tL 2g Lt GSI Le ye Jt e uve Ly gine in phe o OA La xeon or Sur Sur? buik JAA at Ln ul Sete LL bbs iolini Xs SG LeP ui ig gut Suk Ba LS PY -uthx Df eg rt Dir ee et Gi iS -e tH In UM he Lele Wtuue Aa -unnlyybie 2 hE gab bt Bstol SEE ut Ul 2 oh OE Lut phi i But vate of bn bh Sb ble tere MEL wut Lys e*be bebe EEL the uo io ede SUA Fb @ Lint EIA Berne dr ity ul Lees tI AL SA Mee le oui by be Fu LS AL de we bre ile Ous€ Fy LM side ego PF byt WE PL ate de Ey aus UM LAP A ot Udeg ok | et te Sui he hs Lue = Ss Sulit Le, WH By dtdid Leguin weet Leer un wiv Sint Le ibyve ul ale PEEL Ukiah de Lop U-b an BBL LS helped vim Hitt hoe dns we Url by tut AstFu BLWAL AH 2 TIA Oh et PAL FCA L or abot HL ete Essie FHL Sait LAA LW he Tob al Bb UE IU whe Be SH aes S bast c bef bo Baie to tof tet ol £ IS tbe yi KG -< Se te tt SE tle te GEOG Malt AE \ bUi-e ee wiL GR by te Ube Leib 2beti wu Lk Wot Lust Sewn LLLVE eye an Re bxeur be 2 b6 Hoe tees? ne OS tof to PSE Be Sale 2 tab» Ub gi bo A isle hy te t/ bsf ton GP we teetly EX Exercise oO Answer these questions. 1. Write down the basic parts of a flower. Ans: A flower has four basic parts * Sepal * Petal * Stamen + CarpelDifferentiate between self-pollination and cross-pollination. : Self-pollination takes place when pollen grains of a flower fall on its own stigma. Cross-pollination takes place when pollen grains of a flower fall on the stigma of another flower. What are the ways by which pollen grains are dispersed? Pollen grains are dispersed through insects, birds, animals, wind and water Explain the formation of fruits and seeds : After fertilization, a flower begins to drop off petals and a fruit starts to grow. The ovary wall is swollen and changes to fruit. Seeds develop inside the fruit from ovules. What is the difference between pollination and fertilization? : The transfer of pollen grains from stamen to stigma of the carpel is called the pollination. The process of joining male and female reproductive parts of a flower is known as fertilization. Briefly explain the structure of a seed. 1A seed has a seed coat and an embryo. The embryo is a young plant which is enclosed in a seed. It has a young root (radicle), young leaves (plumule) and one or two cotyledons. © Fill in the blanks. 1. 2. 3. Plants produce Oxygen __, that is necessary for humans and animals. In flowering plants, reproduction takes place in the _Slower__ Carpel__is the female part of the flower.46 Insects visit different flowers in search of __Rectar The embryo is a young plant which is enclosed in a seed. Circle the correct options. Which one is the outermost part of a flower? oO sepal petal stamen. carpel Anther contains large numbers of tiny Pollen grains __ pollen tube © pollen grains ovary ovules The transfer of pollen grains from stamen to stigma of the carpel is called pollination. reproduction flower formation fertilization O pollination Cross-pollination occurs through: insects birds water © all of these What does a seed need to germinate? water air temperature © all of these© Label the flower parts. @ write down the function of each part. Carpel Jt.produces.eggs.and protects. developing. embryo.. Stamen Pollen grains These ar fertilization. 47drt °O Unit iSet ter beri 4 buiwnre be gen Shiai hide Sy bt bn St Ne hee st 31 today 121 Jab tUplZin£ Jeleuk (Lg Awe) ALE (Lge dd IGA! ne rs Bods SBI 26 Ung Use GIZLbeb ut LB roe ZI EL bods Fol LG elu coe St We S21 vwle Put LB ule d 12 GACT ULM surg ube wild LL bz olor blrole-< tne riser loc tx Sr tbo S&eunua Zt det os S Uet ut LS he etn cl? & setae xe we tri tig tebe h tuuue le ene LLG eB OWL Jot wt oa tere betab Suu t Url et Pla Lig ode Sop Bet BEI Seb Gre E OK £6 En eid Leb Spe 086 lal poe Li ut Bem Fle Inet eunoept uttered Lepr Go Lt i ertbb-e butize Where nur OF a Bee LE We See Ls Ai ydse sl 2 hel OPI Ks wee tepid ley tet Wak MEE PL dtd tere AE uh be pai uy Bef on scala ub bhuttine LL St Ser Sede ALA, tinge tes aut 49Exercise @ Answer these questions. 1, Ans: An: a An: a An: a Ans: 50 Define environment. When we talk about our environment, we mean everything around us that affects our lives. Environment includes soil, air, water, light, animals, plants, etc. What do you mean by biotic and abiotic components of an environment? Give examples. : Biotic components are the living things. Examples of biotic components include animals, plants, bacteria, fungi, etc. Abiotic components are noneliving things Examples of abiotic components include water, air, light, minerals, rocks, soil, etc. Write the names of five different types of environment. : There are various types of environment such as oceans, forests, deserts, ponds, urban and rural environment. How do the land animals adapt to their environment? : The land animals like dogs, goats, lions and monkeys, etc. have bodies suitable to live on land. These animals breathe through lungs Describe any two features of the following living things which help them to live in their habitats: @ Fish Gi) Birds (i) The boat-shaped body of a fish helps it to swim in water easily. The animals living in water like fish, breathe through their gills. (i) The bodies of the birds are smaller in size with hollow bones. The muscles of their trunk and wings are very strong which help them in flying.© Fill in the blanks. 1. Plants and animals are __biotic ___ components of an environment 2. — Alll living things are well __ adapted _ to their environment. 3. The animals living in water like fish breathe through their__ills 4. Goats, dogs, lions and monkeys breathe through __lungs 5. Frogs and toads live in water ___ as well as on land © Match the following columns. Column A Column B Biotic components oceans, ponds, etc Abiotic components animals, plants, bacteria and fungi Land environment smaller body size with hollow bones Water environment water, air, light and soil Adaptation of birds forest, desert, ete. 51ia ube Fistor ® Ssrauhug Bhieia Eh fad t tet ydrergude ta Se BES hug ee UiSol Aa deke hug bbe wt Sajeu buf < Ubu Fouveg Mh “<< ee besa terug & UA sete tf LP fig ele JEb Fz Get Fhe, “eH ene ws eto tie Sob wi£ go we Ue SFL Hi HL UEet Sur eo Pol ture esos et Soe ut UW ALE Bie te A ro Pre Surg beex LOL SUP yb billy owt we oO A AAR L PU sig dc PEC Ae tn ZG Kg vex eer ee dub iL om Sekt ut bug wl Beticteust tere dx PUG seve Are eR “at BOL SUP ie ZT oubig® Tus wenn burt ctde Dhes7 gute e tere Sui BY LI re On bet ire ei, LIS it Feb S tet Len be tebutoig Ai, Lew a Lon be Obs brut bd Se AM ig tL out La tele Put Luft Sb-< dex he tote) eve £ Sete Sb Lie -< Gee bet Sigebir Abit Mb Lb by Seu Ut uf bt a oT Li 6 yds ix al Sede ces Gobeyetc wet Cou £ dy at ort 4th Jeu ci€ uy Ps eet gobibet te li ude yds GE Uke lB Se Ube ut Lutz verb L Lie - U2 ea Aha Mtl gh PY sal Bz tL Joe bua Pe Sen PU Grd 7 Ok Pede thu Ore Be aa za Be Ainite even Ady ube Jb : eile tl ity Pere u SGN eo nb yb Loren Men HL SUS iL il fea temesl Liz Sa Sa tte Lrtte ase Wisi tt UE FE Ayo Eb be | | y SOLS MS ak Poe Fei Lb ei nwa uie ap ee ee bitey AS ce ne ube hci tear Stivee rota Feit Cite Big inbée iE wu ree Seba Chen dS er PSE Exercise o Answer these questions. 1. Define matter. Ans: We can define matter as anything which has mass and occupies space is called matter. 2. — Explain the following terms: Ans: (i) Volume The space occupied by an object is called its volume. (i) Mass The amount of matter in an object is called its mass Gi) Mixture A mixture is a sample of matter having two or more things mixed with each other. 3. Differentiate between soluble and insoluble solids. Ans: A substance that dissolves in a liquid is said to be soluble. For example, sugar and salt are soluble in water. A substance that does not dissolve in a liquid is called insoluble. For example, sand is insoluble in water.Ans: Ans: Ans: Describe the effect of heat on the following: Ice is a solid it changes to a liquid on heating. On boiling the liquid state of water, changes to a water vapours (gaseous state). On freezing the liquid state of water changes to ice. Which separation technique would be best to obtain clear water from a mixture of sand and water? Decantation would be the best technique to obtain clear water from a mixture of sand and water. Describe the process of filtration. In this method, the mixture is passed through a porous sheet like a filter paper, a cotton cloth or a strainer. The pores are smaller in size than the particles of insoluble solid. Separating tea leaves from tea using a strainer is an example of filtration. © Fill in the blanks. 1. 5. The space occupied by an object is called its __volume Matter can exist in__three states. Liquids take the shape of the __container_ in which they are put. A _mixture is a sample of matter having two or more things mixed with each other. Filtration is a method in which mixture is passed through a porous sheet. oe Circle the correct options. 1. 56 A state of matter having a fixed volume but no fixed shape is: @ solid © liquid © gas d none of these2. Which of the following is not a matter? @ animals b plants © air @ sound 3. The property which is common in liquids and gases is @ fixed shape b fixed volume © no fixed shape dno fixed volume 4. Which of the following is soluble in water? @ sand b rock © soil @ sugar 5. The mixture that can be separated by decantation is: @ sugar in water b table salt in water © sand in water d none of these 6. The process which involves mixing is: @ making tea © making ice © making steam d all of these © Match the following columns. Column A Column B Heating a solid | Boiling water Cooling water + Insoluble solid formation of ice sand in water formation of liquid + sugar in water formation of water vapours Soluble solid 57@ Observe different objects in your surroundings. Write the names of the objects in the relevant columns. ...- Water. vapours... 1. Take a wooden box, a cup, a pencil and a bucket. Observe the shape and volume of wooden box, cup and pencil by putting these things in the bucket. Is there any change in the shape and volume of any of the object put in the bucket? -No, there. is.na.change. in shape and valume.. 2. Take two glasses one big and one small. Fill the small glass with water. Observe the space occupied by water in the small glass. Pour the water of small glass into the big glass and note its level. Has water filled the whole space in the big glass? No, water has.not filled the whole space... 3. Take three balloons having different shapes. Fill them with air and observe their shapes. What do you learn from this? -Gases.. occupy.all.the. available. space... 58Khaled ® eves in al S27 bie LMM Eye SELL Sop WF Bi t2ord £ Biel eats 705 ot Pe BML Bi tori 2 Be oS (Feber ter gugetecd -e OS beeeF 0 IPL ES eh Ig PAP Bete EEG SR EF 59Ie i Hbeh ie FF bee 2 SLi ea BI BESO SP SIN 2 bend ei lee ten ter Sethi fF biG SG PTL bE -e Oi gered (1 we FS be er Surg Hod LivKyl Moyle Sree Si bed terres du Sebi hse vrgiSey Abeer Sut tibea uit gta -- -e Oe hed (r Ju tL beF pb cui HE wie Ne CI Lb edie Fucbx urged adele tea Aig eB Chet POU ge FE ES LeueLit Pbugte de dei ] be leigh -e Pte wb LR Glut OT Ut t ote Ki Ge!ote be eS lez urg Aut ue Leipise heeds ab POPS BI Bevel Kole Le FPN AL Set £ Bin Ger we be Pt Pe wy Ee SLI ale dE Com ABLE Me SMW ye Oy Me Chott Leen gt bb tee Tes Gu Loe, AL 2 Siete FUSE ts en f1 LESLy MAS HLELS LS HL Ube F FAM Se ge Ag HB VE bee -e FES LB ce be TL 2 SST Cb OU Le ten bp EB Sep biwd 286d Lui gE OC OU SPELL EG ut Ft ts BOE Pe by S sev leis LAH Luo Ddd £ Hi sud LW Az ek Si at LO Hg Se BEL (my (mye Aa UKE EEK ILE AExercise oO Answer these questions. 1, An: a Ans: Ans: Ans: Ans: Give three examples of each of "Push and Pull” force : Examples of Push: ( Kicking a ball (ii) Pushing the Pedals of bicycle (iii) Push a car Examples of pull (@) Opena door —_ (Wi) Tug of war Gi) Flying a kite How can force change the direction of an object? Explain with examples. Force can change the direction of the moving objects. For example, if we turn the handle of the bicycle its direction will change by applying force in a particular direction. Differentiate between elastic and inelastic objects. Some objects return to their original shape after the removal of force. These objects are called elastic objects.The shapes of some objects are changed permanently when force is applied on them. These objects do not return to their original shapes after the removal of force. These objects are called inelastic objects. For example, the molding of clay is a permanent change in shape. Define speed and also write the formula to calculate it. Speed refers to the distance covered by an object in a given unit of time speed = distance/time A motor bike covers a distance of 80 m in 4 sec. Find its speed. d=80m speed = distance _ 80 20m t=4sec time taken 4 s© Fill in the blanks. Push and pull are the same things and have one meaning that is force. If force is applied in an opposite direction of motion of a body, the body will stow down or __ stop Force can stretch, compress, _S44€€Z@___ and cause change in the shapes of the objects. Speed __ refers to the distance covered by an object in a given unit of time Circle the correct options. Which is not a force? O speed friction pull push The relationship between distance and the time taken to cover it, we use a term called pulling mass force © speed What must be applied to push or pull an object? @ force gravity speed distancetm ue Fist eil7on @ Ur Shige £ cto Se oe fete Ly Fa LS Justes CES Tete tx? E i Me be tte BGI : 2hisweife vei SFE Ut Se euro” Ube (Seg le Kby enrer Zi ob RZ Skt biel en 62 Ae it pbb fi SEL tA & feu BALSALL Mg on Sour WKS RV SSE so upde ki Le tte LAM ulevfeerte SLAF Lip Slaw Oh hee be KI ale tH LY 2H Liste en Py we tls BA wk Fe Use tetpituie te Cie eI SO KL whe TZ utbisle tf OTe big bie Ke I euiron et ewiton (KLE SLE JeLb Leroy BL W Lg Lewren eng BLS biin Sel CRS eth bbe Ug ns bee feu7en eur * ae echt © “& rae Yroocdbs 6 dL vie mooie Kd Lg Ue tek Loe uae ne HILL Mg phy e 37 ceurznph6 FP dU, Lg ie te ede ey str ouvi 6 dL Ut Le eA et Zhe ee te Yaz FUt a 6 Le 2 98.6 Feui7on ce 6 GU KE ee te Wid Latent? bu Kee Lg ed wi wagon s5cut Lg ALK TES eb Sie SKF LL W611 0k 98 Ft An Polit fe wleronk Ui ile duty heron be pou IUD KELP SCAR Fre eZ fyi the a Sew de CSL HF PIPL Keg en Seurevd Ppt det SEGLL Siw Kept LS1. Ans: Ans: et Liv oly Wai Peer eR esi Pi bieuerLn lL EVR be SK FL nthe on © kre A ter sein seuyievutid Lor 0 Uri Hee Verne ate wide Jet tbe LL Ld wigascO Se, e Bb erple scl oes ae (fbbute Cog, Meth eset Exercise 0 Answer these questions. What is temperature? State the scales used to measure temperature. Temperature of an object indicates how hot or cold the object is. A hot object is at high temperature and a cold object is at low temperature Define thermometer with diagram. Thermometer is an instrument which measures the temperature accurately and safely. A thermometer consists of a thick-walled glass tube. There is a bulb at lower end of the tube and its upper end is closed. The bulb is filled with liquids, such as mercury or alcohol. 66Ans: An: An: 7 S: a Briefly describe the Celsius scale. Celsius scale is also called Centigrade scale. In this scale, the freezing point of water is marked as 0°C. The boiling point of water is taken as 100°C. Normal human body temperature on this scale is 37°C. It is used for common measurement. State some features of a clinical thermometer. A clinical thermometer is used for measuring the temperature of the human body. Its glass tube is marked in centigrade scale from 35°C to 42°C and in Fahrenheit scale from 95°F to 110°F. A clinical thermometer has a small range This is because the human body temperature cannot go below or above this range. Write some precautions while using clinical thermometer. : Take the following safety measures while using a thermometer: © Keep the thermometer upright while measuring the temperature © Mercury is harmful to health, therefore, in case of breakage of a thermometer, do not touch it with hands. ® Wash the thermometer before and after use, preferably with an antiseptic solution. @ Shake the thermometer a few times to bring the level of the mercury down at or below 35°C. Fill in the blanks. Thermometer is an instrument which measures the temperature accurately and safely The bulb of thermometer is filled with a liquid known as MeFcury or _ alcohol Normal human body temperature at Fahrenheit scale is __98.6F In Celsius scale, the freezing point of water is marked as orc5. A clinical thermometer is used for measuring the temperature of the human body oe Circle the correct options. 1. With increase in temperature, mercury in thermometer will: @ burst b decrease © rise @) both a and b 2. Celsius scale is also called: @) Fahrenheit scale © Centigrade scale € Absolute scale d) kelvin scale 3. Normal human body temperature on Celsius scale is @ 37°c b 42°C ©) 95°C d 98.6°C 4. On Fahrenheit scale, water boils at: @ 32°F b 100°F ©) 180°F @ 212°F © Label the parts of the thermometer shown below: Mercury or alcohol [scale | Bulb Glass tubeSoS enh L yb Cu, AL Jee yi ica cutie i Fe Be A eh Se Oelag Sant ah See PLS Sort Seen 2 Kee Ge tug anf ue I -< Vig ete, Je Ves Lig Le. Wee &L SE LU bl Lin wiaenesty o \ we Oe ig ole LIZFL cus Lin Fe Vig ai bi e182 bu eo Vig wien eF et Sat MLE Urry gy at becca ds pat Sad L vg trE scant des 69a ef ol gist ie eee SI toe beak ct CTU we befes Cum Soa & et pedis 6 heh SK al of lees 6abT Lats L Sag AOS PR autos Luzi Frutti A Set ys LT SL Wie ut LS ads ALP its Ge IA At GUE L pant wb nt ERLE Gs aly Aunt MOLL LSE Al pi fat -e brenr Sen bed ee slim So feito More FF FLL wh Ooi pee EP wi 3L Pe ber Lie ep Bevig-< WFAN CA hies£ LirerAiaieJe Waeg Phe pre BML LANES A SDP i Foi it Pe uses SsisTe Bul Ld Sint Sei snL oe = = a Lew tLe ene fe Lx vious lo” Mis Sant © ve UA 4 £6 ily Sant eo 4 . ae ttl Sul Ue uw a we Ur rtign uur 2 ots 70Stites Sorc iuil Cw Hil evier uterus snut ee Wh Le or bau re sie Se thd Sie be iF Ut OS be ty ep Be Kb oti Ly oF BUI See Bere On Set EL breg unt et ie Ie bet ES pve Belt 2p thon PIL es, Unk Ye Poot hn tee Uke Syn ul -e Sut, Sof BALLS ENGS LEN SPAKE ee tl Gt Sten Fe sie Miao we SLL Se UGS Ng BRT ~ure suet Piva vile Freebies See sil ure nue LIA tut © ee Hit kgealonk © eb tne tat Lie Fis BL Su BEL PSISE Seat, Eg btn FFU © m1Exercise 0 Answer these questions. 1. Ans: An: a Ans: Ans: Ans: Ans: How is sound produced? Sound is a form of energy. Sound is produced when vibrations pass through matter. When an object moves back and forth very fast, it produces vibration. This back and forth movement of the object is called vibration. For example, in a guitar, strings vibrate to produce sound. What is meant by intensity of sound? : The loudness and softness of a sound is related to its intensity. Loud sounds have high intensity and soft sounds have low intensity. The loudness or softness of the sound is called volume Give four examples of the following (D Pleasant sounds chirping birds, flute, guitar and sitar. (i Unpleasant sounds horn, growling dog, rickshaw and heavy traffic Give four examples of loud sounds Sounds of drum, rickshaw, loudspeakers, horns of vehicle, etc. are very loud Why does sound need a medium to travel? When an object vibrates, it causes the particles of the medium (air, water, etc.) around it to vibrate. These particles hit into one another and squeeze and expand to transfer their energy. Describe the effects of noise on human health? Noise affects not only our hearing but also our health. We cannot think and work properly at noisy places. People living in noisy areas often suffer from headache, blood pressure and many other diseases. Noise makes people irritated. 72Ans: © rF@r,, RF, 77> 73 How can noise pollution be reduced? © Bus stands, airports and factories need to be shifted away from residential areas. Proper silencers should be used in the vehicles. © The volume of televisions or tape recorders should be kept low. © The use of loud speakers at high volume must be prohibited. © Trees should be grown wherever possible because they help to reduce noise and other types of pollution. Fill in the blanks. When an object moves back and forth very fast, it produces vibration __ The loudness and softness of the sound is related to its __intensity_. Sound travels faster in ___ solids Excessive noise that may harm human health is called noise pollution The sound produced by a flute is a__ pleasant sound. Sound travels slower in___gases__. Circle the correct options. Sound is produced by @ solids B) liquids ©) gases @ vibrating objects Sound waves cannot travel through: @ air b) water © wood @ vacuum Noise is produced by @) sound of flute b> chirping of a bird ©) music @ horn of vehiclesNoise can cause: @ fever © cough Which sound is the loudest? @ heartbeat © growling of a dog A soft sound is produced by @ beating a drum C heavy traffic © headache d malaria b> sound of a flute > chirping of a bird ® playing a flute @) hammering 74Si wricke utd Rew sews Wk -ut tosau i Sig Gritiegi Ske Sout t Gua etrube ual tie We ute Bier Were srg Thue éu ew title Sein Pens r -eutysyred Le, Pets er BOA SLB eb oe br ti eo U! Wy OA SEA SIF State wc SAI IM le BSR ete An ths k Sine Sir ALIS 75eer Shi wurde ld, Ain eer Aln esting PSL AS E16 Ae UE Bt 24 br Cine UH, tiZeP Aig» ik w365 4 PAM < 6A SL wl Teed ont be? Usage tH Ku Jt ag bet Sits -e HP Mb nb See Bish Btn VAAL haiti iby wet belive 2 SLA PLS Lit efi etel(spim ALF ee Si BaF a9 Kelis o BS re Pte a oo SEFL ttn beways ELLE br UA Seti See tT te ht efi bte br Spe leve bee Yo vie eve tue oS Grr bil bots 2 eink bet alod vie AK tu M04 RG LL hetoti-g dxev ene 76Wei Sts mee WAL EV OSL bur ti De? Sang SE tur Ss 365% | FS iy SL bor ie due or ti See VU Kut de fits tere tate ie MOSSE BopSure He bid ore UlP aly Seb -e Bees Suri see Py ns| of Exercise oO Answer these questions. 1. Write the names of eight planets that orbit around the Sun Ans: The eight planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. 2. Describe the shape of the Earth. An: a : Earth is the third planet from the Sun. It looks like a round ball but in reality the shape of the Earth is not quite a round circle. It is slightly flattened at the poles and little swollen at the equator. The equator is the imaginary line that circles the Earth at the middle. 3. Which movements affect the Earth? Ans: There are two important movements that affect the Earth. The first is the rotation of the Earth around its own axis. It takes the Earth about 24 hours to finish one complete rotation. The second important movement that affects the Earth is its revolution around the Sun. One revolution takes 365% days, or one year. Acting together, these two movements create variations in temperature, weather and in the seasons. 7Ans: An: " How does the spin of the Earth cause day and night? The occurrence of the days and nights is due to the spin of the Earth. The Earth rotates from the West to the East. That is why, the Sun appears to rise in the East and sets in the West. Our Earth also rotates in front of the Sun in the same way There is day in the half part of the Earth that is lighted up by the Sun and there is night in the other half not facing the Sun. The Earth completes its one rotation about its axis in 24 hours, so the total duration of one day and one night is 24 hours. What causes the four seasons? : As the Earth travels around the Sun, its axis always points in the same direction. Therefore, different parts of its surface tilt toward the Sun. The constant tilt of the Earth’s axis causes the four seasons: summer, autumn, winter and spring © Fill in the blanks. 1, Our Earth is the part of the _Solar system which is made up of __eight planets that orbit around the Sun. The equator _ is the imaginary line that circles the Earth at the middle Days and nights are caused by the rotation _ of the Earth about its axis. The Earth completes its one orbit around the Sun in __365 % days. The __axis is an imaginary line passing through North and South poles of the Earth. @ Tick () the correct sentence and cross (x) the wrong one. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. One revolution of the Earth around the Sun takes 365% days The movement of the Earth on its axis is known as rotation. The Earth has only two seasons. The Sun rises in the East. The seasons are caused due to the rotation of the Earth. gli] 9s] ] 98] 1© Circle the correct options. 1. The time taken for one complete rotation of the Earth about its axis is: © 1 hour Ox hours © 36 hours © 48 hours The Earth completes one revolution around the Sun in: © one day © one month © three months oO one year The Earth rotates from: © North to South © west to East © North to West © East to West We experience day and night on the Earth because: oO the Earth is rotating © the Earth is tilted © the Earth is round © the Moon orbits around the Earth The part of the Earth facing away from the Sun is: @ night time © day time © autumn © winter