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Chapter 4 보어의 형성 1 (제2형식)
Chapter 4 보어의 형성 1 (제2형식)
Chapter 4 보어의 형성 1 (제2형식)
1. 명사상당어구가 보어가 되는 경우
2. 형용사상당어구가 보어가 되는 경우
1
강상윤 영어카페 강상윤 著
랭귀지 하우스 (저작권 설정자료, 무단배포금지)
1. 명사상당어구가 보어가 되는 경우
[A]
1) He became a famous musician. / You don’t look your age.
*명사(구)가 보어인 경우
2) He returned home a millionaire. / Though friends many years, they finally ended up
enemies.
*추가보어(유사보어, 준보어)로 쓰인 경우
3) The problem is not who will go, but who will stay.
*의문사가 이끄는 명사절이 보어인 경우
(a) 의문부사가 이끄는 경우
The point of the case is when he met her /where he met her /why he met her /how he met her /how
old he is.
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강상윤 영어카페 강상윤 著
랭귀지 하우스 (저작권 설정자료, 무단배포금지)
[F] I’m not what I was.
*명사절(II): 선행사를 포함하는 관계대명사/관계형용사절이 보어인 경우
[해석]
[A]
1)(그는 유명한 음악가가 되었다.) / (당신은 연령처럼 보이지를 않습니다.)
2)(그는 백만장자가 되어 집에 돌아왔다.) (그들은 비록 수년간 친구로 지냈었지만 결국 적이 되고
말았다.)
[B](그 아이디어는 그녀의 아이디어이다.)
[C](가르치는 것이 배우는 것이다.)
[D](나의 취미는 우표를 수집하는 것이다.)
[E]
1)(우리가 그토록 늦은 이유는 자동차가 고장이 났기 때문이다)
2)(핵심은 그녀가 그를 좋아하느냐 혹은 그렇지 않으냐에 있다)
3)(문제는 누가 갈 것인가가 아니라 누가 머무를 것인가 이다.)
[F](나는 과거의 내가 아니다.)
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강상윤 영어카페 강상윤 著
랭귀지 하우스 (저작권 설정자료, 무단배포금지)
[확인학습문제]
[정답]
1(novelist) 2(your age) 3(a millionaire) 4(enemies) 5(hers) 6(learning) 7(to collect)
8(that the car) 9(whether) 10(not) 11(when) 12(he met) 13(old he is) 14(who) 15(it was)
16(he wants) 17(house) 18(what) 19(what) 20(whoever) 21(you have)
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강상윤 영어카페 강상윤 著
랭귀지 하우스 (저작권 설정자료, 무단배포금지)
2. 형용사상당어구가 보어가 되는 경우
5
강상윤 영어카페 강상윤 著
랭귀지 하우스 (저작권 설정자료, 무단배포금지)
[B] 분사구가 보어인 경우
1) 현재분사(구): 능동의 의미를 지닌다 “v하는”
(a) She is studying right now.
*1형식 동사에서 파생된 현재분사구, be +현재분사(v-ing)는 진행’의 의미.
(b) He was being modest when the teacher praised him for his excellent test
performance.
*2형식 동사에서 파생된 현재분사구. 분사 나름대로의 보어를 취함.
(c)
가) He was teaching English when I entered the classroom.
*3형식 동사에서 파생된 현재분사구. 분사 나름대로의 목적어를 취하는 것이 원칙.
(d) He was teaching the students English when I entered the classroom.
*4형식 동사에서 파생된 현재분사구에는 나름대로의 간접목적어와 직접목적어를 취한다.
(e) She was calling him “a son of a bitch” when I entered her office.
*5형식 동사에서 파생된 현재분사구는 나름대로의 목적어와 목적보어를 취한다.
2) 과거분사(구)
극히 일부의 1형식동사에 한해서 자동사의 과거분사는 수동이 아니라 완결된 상황 표현, 2형식동사의
과거분사는 이 경우에 쓰이지 않는다. 즉 형용사구의 위치에 나오지 못한다. 타동사의 과거분사는
수동의 의미.
(b)
가) The dishes were broken (by Tom).
*3형식 동사의 수동, break(3): ~을 깨트리다 [broke—broken]
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강상윤 영어카페 강상윤 著
랭귀지 하우스 (저작권 설정자료, 무단배포금지)
(ex) English is spoken in Canada. / The car is being repaired by him. / Those pictures were painted by him.
/ A new mayor will be elected by us. / He has been invited to dinner by them. / My shoes had been cleaned
by her. / The task will have been done by him. / The accident went unreported at that time.
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강상윤 영어카페 강상윤 著
랭귀지 하우스 (저작권 설정자료, 무단배포금지)
다) You look tired.
*감정표현의 3형식 동사의 과거분사를 쓰면 수동적 의미를 형성해서 형용사처럼 쓰임. tire(3):~를
지치게 하다
(ex) He was bored /tired /exhausted /surprised /astonished /astounded /amazed /frustrated /fascinated /
interested / excited. / He got tired.
다) He was seen entering the room (by us). / The truck was found abandoned (by
them).
*분사를 목적보어로 취한 5형식 동사의 수동. [=We saw him entering the room. / They found the truck
abandoned.]
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강상윤 영어카페 강상윤 著
랭귀지 하우스 (저작권 설정자료, 무단배포금지)
b)force /compel /oblige + O + to-v(5): O 로 하여금 to-v 하도록 강요하다, be forced /compelled /obliged to-
v: to-v 하도록 강요 받다, to-v 해야 하다
(ex) He was forced to give up his business.
c)ask /require /request /urge /entreat /supplicate /expect + O + to-v(5): O 로 하여금 to-v 하도록 요청하다
/요구하다 /촉구하다 /간청하다/ 간청하다 /기대하다, be asked /required /requested /urged /entreated
/expected to-v: to-v 하도록 요청 받다 /요구 받다 /요청 받다 /촉구 받다 /요청 받다/ 간청받다
/기대되다
(ex) He was asked to meet her.
d) think /consider /believe /suppose /imagine /find /estimate + O + to-v(5): O 가 to-v 하다고 생각하다
/생각하다 /믿다 /가정하다 /상상하다 /알게 되다 /추정하다, be thought /considered /believed /supposed
/imagined /found /estimated to-v: to-v 하다고 생각되다 /생각되다 /믿어지다 /여겨지다 /상상이 되다
/밝혀지다 /추정이 되다
(cf) He was seen to enter the room (by us) [=We saw him enter the room.] / We were made to study
hard (by our teacher). [=Our teacher made us study hard.]
*원형부정사를 목적보어로 취한 5형식 동사(사역동사: make /have /let, 지각동사: see / watch /observe /
notice / hear / feel)의 수동에서는 원형부정사가 to 부정사로 변한다.
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강상윤 영어카페 강상윤 著
랭귀지 하우스 (저작권 설정자료, 무단배포금지)
[C] 부정사구/전치사구/형용사로 전성된 부사(구)가 보어인 경우
1) The story proved/seemed/appeared to be false. / He is to be here at 7.
*부정사구가 보어인 경우
: be to-v(형용사적 용법인 경우) : to-v할 것이다 (예정) / to-v하려 하다 (의도) / to-v해야 하다(의무) / to-
v할 수 있다 (가능) / to-v할 운명이다
[해석]
[A]
1)(곰팡이는 도서관의 책에 파괴적이다.)
2)(그는 그 만남 후에 슬퍼졌다.)
[B]
1)
(a)(그녀는 바로 지금 공부 중이다.)
(b)(그는 선생님이 그의 뛰어난 시험성적에 대해 칭찬했을 때 겸손하게 처신을 하고 있었다.)
(c)가)(내가 강의실에 들어섰을 때 그는 영어를 강의하고 있었다.) 나)(상황이 난처해 보였다.) (d)(내가
강의실에 들어섰을 때 그는 학생들에게 영어를 강의하고 있었다.)
(e)(내가 그녀의 사무실에 들어섰을 때 그녀는 그를 “개자식”이라 부르고 있었다.)
2)
(a)(그녀는 가버렸다.)
(b)가)(그 접시들은 탐에 의해 깨졌다.) 나)(너는 피곤해 보인다.)
(c)가)(그는 내각의 한 직책을 제의 받았다.) 나)(내각의 한 직책이 그에게 제의되었다.)
(d)가)(그 개는 베티라고 불린다.) 나)(천정은 하얗게 칠해졌다) 다)(그가 방에 들어가는 것이 보였다. /
그 트럭은 버려진 채 발견됐다.) 라)(죤은 그 일을 시작하라는 명령을 받았다.) 마)(그 신임 사장은
유망한 사람으로 묘사되었다.) 바)(그녀는 집에 있는 것으로 발견되었다.)
[C]
1)(그 이야기는 거짓으로 판명되었다/보였다/보였다. / 그는 일곱 시에 이 곳에 올 것이다.) 2)(이따금
나는 돼지인양 느낀다. / 교육은 중요하다.)
3)(게임은 끝났다. 미니스커트는 유행이 지났다.)
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강상윤 영어카페 강상윤 著
랭귀지 하우스 (저작권 설정자료, 무단배포금지)
[확인학습문제]
11
강상윤 영어카페 강상윤 著
랭귀지 하우스 (저작권 설정자료, 무단배포금지)
39. The task will have [been / be] done by him.
40. The accident [gone / went] unreported at that time.
41. I was [laughed / laughing] at by them.
42. A cat was [ran / run] over by the car.
43. A doctor must be [sent / sended] for at once.
44. The child was taken [care / care of] by Jane.
45. I am interested [in / by] poetry.
46. She was absorbed [by / in] reading.
47. He is [knowing / known] to the public.
48. He is known [for / to] the novel.
49. He is [knew / known] as a writer.
50. A man is known [by / at] his friends.
51. He is associated [by / with] the matter.
52. She was surprised [at / with] the news.
53. We are satisfied [with / to] your good service.
54. She was pleased [in / with] his success.
55. He is concerned [for / about] his mother’s sickness.
56. They were [tiring / tired] with the heavy work.
57. His eyes were filled [with / of] tears.
58. The mountain is covered [with / of] snow.
59. He was robbed [of / at] the purse.
60. The room is [crowding / crowded] with furniture.
61. The room is provided [with / by] a lot of furniture.
62. He was informed [of / by] her death.
63. He was charged [of / with] the crime.
64. I should be reminded [by / of] my promise.
65. She was blamed [for / at] her behavior.
66. He was convinced [of / at] his success.
67. He was deprived [at / of] the opportunity to participate in the game.
68. He was accused [with / of] the crime.
69. The desk is made [of / by] wood.
70. The country is made up [with / of] fifty states.
71. I am [tiring / tired] of eating boiled eggs.
72. She was devoted [to / with] learning English.
73. Wine is made [from / by] grapes.
74. She was married [with / to] a poor fool.
75. His success is attributed [to / for] good luck.
76. You look [tired / tire].
77. He was [fascinate / fascinated].
78. He got [tired / tire].
79. He was [offer / offered] a post in the Cabinet.
80. He was [gave / given] the book by her.
81. A post in the Cabinet was offered [him / he].
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강상윤 영어카페 강상윤 著
랭귀지 하우스 (저작권 설정자료, 무단배포금지)
82. He was forbidden [to meet / meet] her by his father.
83. The ceiling was [painting / painted] white by them.
84. The book was given to [he / him] by her.
85. The dog is [call / called] Betty by us.
86. He was [elect / elected] chairman.
87. He was taught [play / to play] the piano by his father.
88. She was made [happy / happily] by the song.
89. He was [seen / saw] entering the room.
90. The new president was described [as a man / a man] of promise.
91. The truck was [find / found] abandoned.
92. John was ordered [to start / start] the work.
93. He was forced [giving / to give] up his business.
94. Sometimes I feel [like / the same] a pig.
95. He was asked [to meet / meeting] her.
96. He was seen [enter / to enter] the room.
97. We were made [study / to study] hard by our teacher.
98. She was [find / found] home.
99. The story seemed [to be / be] false.
100. He is [to be / be] here at 7.
101. Education is [importance / of importance].
[정답]
1(destructive) 2(loyal) 3(young) 4(ill) 5(false) 6(quiet) 7(rich) 8(empty) 9(cloudy)
10(sweet) 11(sour) 12(fragrant) 13(good) 14(happy) 15(smooth) 16(sad) 17(angry)
18(pale) 19(cold) 20(true) 21(ill) 22(dry) 23(bad) 24(studying) 25(being) 26(teaching)
27(embarrassing) 28(teaching) 29(calling) 30(gone) 31(fallen) 32(broken) 33(spoken)
34(repaired) 35(painted) 36(elected) 37(invited) 38(been cleaned) 39(been) 40(went)
41(laughed) 42(run) 43(sent) 44(care of) 45(in) 46(in) 47(known) 48(for) 49(known)
50(by) 51(with) 52(at) 53(with) 54(with) 55(about) 56(tired) 57(with) 58(with) 59(of)
60(crowded) 61(with) 62(of) 63(with) 64(of) 65(for) 66(of) 67(of) 68(of) 69(of) 70(of)
71(tired) 72(to) 73(from) 74(to) 75(to) 76(tired) 77(fascinated) 78(tired) 79(offered)
80(given) 81(him) 82(to meet) 83(painted) 84(him) 85(called) 86(elected) 87(to play)
88(happy) 89(seen) 90(as a man) 91(found) 92(to start) 93(to give) 94(like) 95(to meet)
96(to enter) 97(to study) 98(found) 99(to be) 100(to be) 101(of importance)
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