Power Scenario of Bangladesh: A Brief Discussion On Power Sector of Bangladesh

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Power Scenario Of Bangladesh: A Brief Discussion On Power Sector Of

Bangladesh
Technical Report · February 2015

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POWER SCENARIO OF BANGLADESH: A BRIEF DISCUSSION ON
POWER SECTOR OF BANGLADESH
SUBMITTTED BY:
Humayun Rashid (ET-113038)
Jubair Islam (ET-113040)
Sashwata Guha (ET-113031)
Mostafa Tanim Kowsar (ET-113036)
Mostafa Nayan (ET-113033)
Md. Arif Hossain (ET-113035)
Md. Nur Kabir (ET-113037)
Faculty of Science & Engineering

Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering
International Islamic University Chittagong

POWER SCENARIO OF BANGLADESH: A BRIEF DISCUSSION ON POWER
SECTOR OF BANGLADESH
This thesis report is submitted to the Department of Electrical & Electronic

Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, in partial fulfilment
of the requirement for the course of Research Methodology.
AUTHORS
Humayun Rashid Jubair Islam

Matric ID: ET-113038 Matric ID: ET-113040
Sashwata Guha Mostafa Tanim Kowsar

Mostafa Nayan Md. Arif Hossain

Md. Nur Kabir

Matric ID: ET-113037
SUPERVISED BY:
Prof. Md. Imam Hussain
Dept Of Statistics,
University Of Chittagong
______________________________________________________________________________
Faculty of Science & Engineering

Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering
International Islamic University Chittagong
ii
THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALY LEFT BLANK
iii
DEDICATION
This thesis is dedicated to our beloved parents.
-Authors
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:
All praises and gratitude to Almighty ALLAH for giving us the capability to
undertake and complete this thesis for our study.
We express our gratitude, sincere appreciation and profound respect to the

supervisor MD. Imam Hussain, Professor, Dept. Of Statistics, University Of
Chittagong for his valuable guidance, continuous advice, encouragement,
contribution of new ideas and cordial assistance at all stages that enabled us to
complete the work successfully.
We are also grateful to our parents and fellow classmates to enhance our spirit
and interest towards this topic by providing us enthusiastic encouragement.
In this thesis we have tried our best to achieve our goal. In early stages, many
individuals have contributed towards this thesis to gather information and
directions relative to our thesis. We would like to render our gratitude and
grateful thanks to each one of them.
-Authors
v
ABSTRACT
Power sector of Bangladesh is a challenging sector and development of power

sector is dependent on many factors. In this research, a brief discussion on
Power scenario of Bangladesh has demonstrated with recent information and
data. A total review of Power generation, transmission and distribution is
demonstrated and also power crisis of Bangladesh and future plans and
programs of Power sector has been discussed. A details study on Power plant of
Bangladesh & Power demand and production is also demonstrated.
vi
THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALY LEFT BLANK
vii
CONTENTS
DEDICATION ..................................................................................................ivv
Acknowledgement ................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Abstract ..............................................................................................................vii
Chapter 1: .............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
INTRODUCTION................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.1
Introduction……………………………………………………………….Erro
r! Bookmark not defined.
1.2 Objectives of this research…………………………………………….….2
1.3 Research methodology……………………………………………………2
Chapter 2: ............................................................................................................ 4
INTRODUCTION TO POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION

&DISTRIBUTION………………………………………………………….….4
2.1 Power generation…………………………………………………….……4
2.2 Methods of generating electricity…………………………………………4
2.3 Power transmission………………………………………………….…….5
2.4 Power
distribution…………………………………………………………Error!
Bookmark not defined.
Chapter 3: ............................................................................................................ 6
AN OVERVIEW OF POWER PLANT………………………………………6

3.1 What is Power plant………………………………………………………6
3.2 Types of Power plant……………………………………………….…….6
3.3 Requirement for Power plant Design…………………………….………7
3.4 Principle of Power plant design …………………………………...…….7
viii
Chapter 4: ............................................................................................................ 8
PRESENT STRUCTURE OF POWER SECTOR ………………………….8
4.1 Present structure for power generation, transmission & distribution ......... 8
4.2 The Bangladesh Energy Regulatory ........................................................... 8
4.3 Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB)………………………..9
4.4 Ashuganj Power Station.............................................................................. 9
4.5 Electricity Generation company Of Bangladesh ...................................... 10
4.6 North-West Power Generation Company ................................................. 10
4.7 Rural Power Company Limited…………………………………………10
4.8 Power Grid Company Of Bangladesh …………………………………11
4.9 Dhaka Power Distribution Company (DPDC) …………………………..11
4.10 DESCO Power Distribution Company…………………………..……12
4.11 WEST ZONE POWER DISTRIBUTION COMPANY………………..12
4.12 Bangladesh Rural Electrification Board………………………………13
Chapter 5: .......................................................................................................... 14
PRESENT POWER SITUATION OF BANGLADESH……..…..…..…….14

5.1 Bangladesh‟s Power Sector at a Glance (July 2014)………….……….14
5.2 Generation Capacity (July, 2014)………………………………………14
5.3 Present Generation Capacity (November, 2013)………………………14
5.4 Year wise Maximum Power Generation……………………………….15
5.5 Demand in Banglaedsh…………………………………………………15
5.6 Installed Capacity of BPDB Power Plants as on November 2014 ……...16
ix
Chapter 6: .......................................................................................................... 17
LIST OF POWER STATIONS IN BANGLADESH………...……….….…17

6.1 Coal fired Power Station………………………………………………...17
6.2 Oil and Gas fired Thermal……………………………………….……..17
6.3 Gas turbines……………………………………………………….…….17
6.4 Gas engines………………………………………………………….…..18
6.5 Hydroelectric……………………………………………………….…...18
6.6 Nuclear…………………………………………………………….…… 18
Chapter 7:……………………………………………………………….…….19
MAJOR POWER PLANTS OF BANGLADESH………………………….19
7.1 Karnafuli Hydro Power Station………………………………….……..19

7.2 Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant………………………………….………20
7.2.1 Why Nuclear Power recommended……………………….……..21
7.3 Barapukuria Coal Mining ……………………………………….………22
7.4 Rampal Power Station (Proposed)……………………………….……..23
7.4.1 Enviromental fact & issues about Rampal Power Station ….…..24
7.5 Haripur Combined-Cycle Power Plant …………………………….…...24
Chapter 8: .......................................................................................................... 25
RENEWABLE ENERGY IN BANGLADESH…………………………………….25
8.1 Renewable energy………………………………………………………25
8.1.1 Solar Power Projects……………………………………………...26
8.1.2 Wind Power Projects……………………………………………...29
8.1.4 Demand in Banglaedsh……………………………………………30
8.1.5 Micro/Mini Hydro Projects…………………………………….…30
8.2 Energy Efficiency Measures……………………………………………30
x
8.3 Research Activities ……………………………………………………...31
Chapter 9: .......................................................................................................... 32
POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION IN

BANGLADES………………………………………..………………………….….32
9.1 Power Generation Of Bangladesh………………………………………32
9.2 Power Transmission Of Bangladesh…………………………………….36
9.3 Power Distribution Of Bangladesh………………………………………37
Chapter 10: ........................................................................................................ 40
POWER LOSS OF TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION.……..…….….40
10.1 Power loss……………………………………………………….……...40
10.2 Year wise Power Loss Statistics……………………………….………40
10.3 Presentation of Power loss in graph analysis …………………………..41
Chapter 11: ........................................................................................................ 42
YEAR-WISE PROBABLE ELECTRICITY DEMAND AND SUPPLY ...42

11.1 Retirement of Power Plant…………………………………………….42
11.2 Year-wise Projected Power Demand and Supply………………….….44
Chapter 12:……………………………………………………………………45
PROJECTS & PLANS ………………………………………………………………..45

12.1 POWER SYSTEM MASTER PLAN 2010 (PSMP 2010) ……………..45
12.2 Generation, Transmission and Distribution Plans……………………...47
12.2.1 Generation Plan………………………………………………….47
12.2.2 Transmission Plan……………………………………………….48
xi
12.2.3 Distribution Plan………………………………………………...48
12.3 Projects…………………………………………………………………50
12.3.1 Power Generation Projects………………………………………50
12.3.2 Transmission Projects of PGCB…………….………………….51
12.3.3 Power Distribution Project…………………….………………..51
Chapter 13:…………………………………………………………………...53
ACHIEVEMENTS IN POWER SECTOR……………………………….………53

13.1 POWER SYSTEM MASTER PLAN 2010 (PSMP 2010) ……..……..53
13.2 Medium Term (Revised Plan)………………………………….......…56
Chapter 14:…………………………………………………………………....62
CAUSES OF ELECTRICITY CRISIS & POWER CRISIS IN BANGLADESH
& CHALLENGE OF POWER SECTOR DEVELOPMENT………………...…62
14.1 High Gas Dependency………………………………………..………62
14.2 Improper Privatization Policy…………………………………...……62
14.3 Lack of timely Implementation of Allocated Money…………...…..63
14.4 Political Reason………………………………………………………..63
14.5 Challenges of Power Sector Development……………………………64
Chapter 15: ........................................................................................................ 65
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS…………………………….…65
REFERENCE……………………………………………………..…………..67
xii
Chapter-1
INTRODUCTION
1.1.Introduction:
Bangladesh is a small developing country with limited indigenous energy resources. Per
capita Consumption of energy in Bangladesh is one of the lowest in the world. Present
consumption of Energy and electricity in the country is about 200 KGOE/year and 130
KWh/year respectively in which about 65% of its per capita energy is derived from
biomass resources. In recognition of the importance of energy in socio-economic
development, the Government has given continuing attention to the overall development
of the energy sector.
But up to now, it has not been possible to achieve reasonable success in meeting the
growing demands and the gap between the projected demand and the supply serve is
increasing day by day because of inadequacy of indigenous resources, improper planning,
unreliable policies and decisions on the development of power sector. Like many other
developing countries, Bangladesh is facing enormous challenges to provide affordable,
reliable and equitable energy supply to its citizens.
About 25% of the population has only access to electricity. Consumption of energy and
electricity in per capita terms is one of the lowest in the world. Noncommercial energy
sources, such as wood, animal wastes, and crop residues, are estimated to account for
65% of the country's energy consumption. In recognition of the importance of energy in
socio-economic development, the Government of Bangladesh has formulated and
approved the National Energy Policy (NEP) in which two different projections of energy
and electricity were made covering the time horizon up 2020 aiming at sustainable
development.
BPDB had also carried out a twenty years “Power System Master Plan” (PSMP) for the
time horizon 1996. In 1996 the government issued the "Private Sector Power Generation
Policy of Bangladesh" and began to solicit proposals from international companies for
Independent Power Producers (IPPs). Several structural changes in the Power Sector were
also made for accelerating the power sector development.
However, over the years, significant development in the power sector has not been
realized. Moreover, the gap between the demand and the availability of supply of energy,
in particular, electricity, has been increasing year in and year out. Presently, the shortages
of electricity and commercial energy have become a persistent problem in the country.
In our research, we have tried to study on whole power scenario of Bangladesh including
generation, transmission & distribution. A details study on power plants of Bangladesh
and power crisis of Bangladesh has been discussed. Our main objective is to provide a
genuine power scenario of Bangladesh which will help to learn about power sector of
Bangladesh thus it will be helpful for improvement of our power system.
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1.2.Objectives of this research:
Objectives of this research are discussed below.
1. Overall brief discussion:

Overall brief discussion on power sector of Bangladesh will be discussed with proper
recent information and data.
2. Study on data analysis:

Study on data analysis of power generation, transmission and distributions of
Bangladesh will be discussed. Proper and recent data from verified sources will be
presented in chart and diagram.
3. Study on major power plants:

We will also focus on major power plants of Bangladesh and their features. It will help
to understand which kind of power plants is reliable for power generation, transmission
and distribution of Bangladesh.
4. Study on Plans and achievement:

We will study on current and future plans for power sector of Bangladesh and also we
will show present and past achievements of Power sector to get an idea how actually
our power sector is developing day by day.
5. Study on Power crisis and challenges:

There will be a study on present power crisis of Bangladesh. We will also discuss
which challenges are making obstacle in the way of power development and there will
a discussion on how we can solve our power related problems.
1.3.Research methodology:
In this research, we have used different research techniques to achieve our objectives.
1. Literature Review:
Literature review is one of the most important things for every research and we will
also start our research by reviewing various literature. We will collect and review all
recent years latest informative power related literatures and we will review them for
our required information and data.
2. Data Collection:
In our research, we have shown different data of recent years power generations,
transmissions and distributions. We have also demonstrated power sector plans and
achievements through data based study. All these data are collected from verified
sources and references. Most data are collected from respective Power Stations‟
annual reports, performance analysis reports, review and overall year based review
Page | 2
on our power developments on various literatures. We have also collected data from
various respective websites of Power Stations and Power Organizations.
3. Data Analysis:
We have analysis the data for verifying the sources and to achieve accurate
information To analysis the data, we have reviewed multiples sources for same data
and analysis how close are the results or how much difference are showing between
those reports. Later we used chart diagram and graph diagram to demonstrate our
data analysis.
Page | 3
Chapter-2
INTRODUCTION TO POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION &

DISTRIBUTION
The production and distribution of electricity is one of the most complicated and capital-
intensive industrial processes in the world. The effort of thousands of people and the
investment of billions of dollars are necessary to ensure the reliable electric service that
Americans enjoy.
2.1. Power generation:

Power generation is the process of generating electric power from other sources
of primary energy. The fundamental principles of power generation were discovered
during the 1820s and early 1830s by the British scientist Michael Faraday. His basic
method is still used today: power is generated by the movement of a loop of wire, or disc
of copper between the poles of a magnet.
For electric utilities, it is the first process in the delivery of electricity to consumers. The
other processes, electricity transmission, distribution, and electrical power storage and
recovery using pumped-storage methods are normally carried out by the electric power
industry.
Electricity is most often generated at a power station by electromechanical generators,
primarily driven by heat fueled by chemical combustion or nuclear fission but also by
other means such as the kinetic energy of flowing water and wind.
Other energy sources include solar photovoltaic and geothermal power.
2.2.Methods of generating electricity:
 Static electricity, from the physical separation and transport of charge

(examples: turboelectric effect and lightning)
 Electromagnetic induction, where an electrical generator,
dynamo or alternator transforms kinetic energy (energy of motion) into electricity.
This is the most used form for generating electricity and is based on Faraday's law. It
can be experimented by simply rotating a magnet within closed loops of a conducting
material (e.g. copper wire)
 Electrochemistry, the direct transformation of chemical energy into electricity, as in
a battery, fuel cell or nerve impulse
 Photovoltaic effect, the transformation of light into electrical energy, as in solar cells
 Thermoelectric effect, the direct conversion of temperature differences to electricity,
as in thermocouples, thermopiles, and thermionic converters.
 Piezoelectric effect, from the mechanical strain of electrically anisotropic molecules
or crystals. Researchers at the US Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley
Page | 4
National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) have developed a piezoelectric generator
sufficient to operate a liquid crystal display using thin films of M13 bacteriophage.
 Nuclear transformation, the creation and acceleration of charged particles
(examples: beta voltaic or alpha particle emission)
2.3. Power transmission:
Power transmission is the movement of energy from its place of generation to a location
where it is applied to performing useful work.
Power transmission is usually performed with overhead lines as this is the most
economical way to do so. Underground transmission by high-voltage cables is chosen in
crowded urban areas and in high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) submarine connections.
2.4. power distribution:
An electric power distribution system is the final stage in the delivery of electric power;
it carries electricity from the transmission system to individual consumers.
Distribution substations connect to the transmission system and lower the transmission
voltage to medium voltage ranging between 2 kV and 35 kV with the use of
transformers. Primary distribution lines carry this medium voltage power to distribution
transformers located near the customer's premises.
Distribution transformers again lower the voltage to the utilization voltage of household
appliances and typically feed several customers through secondary distribution lines at
this voltage.
Commercial and residential customers are connected to the secondary distribution lines
through service drops. Customers demanding a much larger amount of power may be
connected directly to the primary distribution level or the sub transmission level.
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Chapter-3
AN OVERVIEW OF POWER PLANT
3.1. What is Power plant:
A power plant is assembly of systems or subsystems to generate electricity, i.e., power

with economy and requirements. The power plant itself must be useful economically and
environmental friendly to the society.
The present book is oriented to conventional as well as non-conventional energy
generation. While the stress is on energy efficient system regards conventional power
systems viz., to increase the system conversion efficiency the supreme goal is to develop,
design, and manufacturer the non-conventional power generating systems in coming
decades preferably after 2050 AD which are conducive to society as well as having
feasible energy conversion efficiency and non-friendly to pollution, keeping in view the
pollution act.
The subject as a whole can be also stated as modern power plants for power viz
electricity generation in 21st century. The word modern means pertaining to time.
At present due to energy crisis the first goal is to conserve energy for future while the
second step is to develop alternative energy systems including direct energy conversion
devices, with the devotion, dedication and determination remembering the phrase,
“Delve and Delve Again till wade into”.
3.2. Types of Power plant:

Power plants are mainly two types:
1. Conventional
 Steam Engines Power Plants.
 Steam Turbine Power Plants.
 Diesel Power Plants.
 Gas Turbine Power Plants.
 Hydro-Electric Power Plants.
 Nuclear Power Plants.
2. Non-conventional
 Thermoelectric Generator.
 Thermionic generator.
 Fuel-cells Power Plants.
 Photovoltaic solar cells Power System.
 MHD Power Plants.
 Fussion Reactor NPP Power System.
 Biogas, Biomass Energy Power system.
Page | 6
 Geothermal Energy.
 Wind Energy Power System.
 Ocean Thermal energy conversion (OTEC).
 Wave and Tidal Wave.
 Energy Plantation Scheme.
3.3. Requirement for Power plant Design:

The factor to be kept in view while designing a power station are follows:
1. Economy of Expenditure should be minimum -

a. Capital Cost.
b. Operating and maintenance cost.
2. Safety of plant and human resources.

3. Reliability.
4. Efficiency.
5. Ease of maintenance.
6. Good working conditions.
7. Minimum transmission loss.
3.4. Principle of Power plant design:
Principles of power plant are described below:
1. Low capital cost.

2. Reliability of supplying power.
3. Low maintenance cost.
4. High efficiency.
5. Low cost of energy generated.
6. Reserve capacity to meet future power demand.
7. Simplicity of design.
Page | 7
Chapter-4
PRESENT STRUCTURE OF POWER SECTOR
4.1. Present structure for power generation, transmission & distribution:
Present structure of Power sector can be described by below:

 Apex Institution:
1. Power Division
2. Ministry of Power
3. Energy & Mineral Resources (MPEMR)
 Regulator:
-Bangladesh Energy Regulatory Commission (BERC)
 Generation:
1. Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB)
2. Ashuganj Power Station Company Ltd. (APSCL)
3. Electricity Generation Company of Bangladesh (EGCB)
4. North West Power Generation Company Ltd. (NWPGCL)
5. Independent Power Producers (IPPs)
 Transmission:
-Power Grid Company of Bangladesh Ltd (PGCB)
 Distribution:
2. Dhaka Power Distribution Company (DPDC)
3. Dhaka Electric Supply Company Ltd (DESCO)
4. West Zone Power Distribution Company (WZPDC)
Rural Electrification Board (REB)
4.2. The Bangladesh Energy Regulatory:
Commission was established on March 13, 2003 through a legislative Act of the
Government of Bangladesh. The commission became effective on April 27, 2004 with
the appointment of two, of the five member commission including the chairman.
The chairman was appointed on June 4, 2005 .The Commission has been established
with the vision “To make provisions for the establishment of an independent and
impartial regulatory commission for the energy sector”
Commission‟s missions include:
1. Enforcement of fiscal discipline of the energy sector.
2. Introduction of performance targets and incentive-based regulation.
3. Introduction of uniform operational standards and quality of supply.
4. Transparency in tariff determination and economic efficiency.
5. Increased opportunities for development of competitive markets.
6. Increased opportunities for efficiency and economic growth.
7. Public involvement into the energy sector.
Page | 8
4.3.Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB):
Bangladesh Power Development Board is a statutory body created in May 1, 1972, by

presidential Order No. 59 after bifurcation of erstwhile Bangladesh Water and Power
Development Authority. BPDB started its operation with Installed Generation capacity of
only 200 MW.
Installed Generation capacity (August 2014) has increased to 10618 MW.The BPDB is
responsible for major portion of generation and distribution of electricity mainly in urban
areas except Dhaka and West Zone of the country.
The Board is under the Power Division of the Ministry of power, Energy and Mineral
Resources, Government of Bangladesh.
BPDB has taken a massive capacity expansion plan to add about 10500 MW Generation
capacities in next 5 years to achieve 24000 MW Capacity according to PSMP-2010 by
2021 with the aim to provide quality and reliable electricity to all the people of Country
for desired economic and social development. The power system has been expanded to
keep pace with the fast growing demand.
4.4.Ashuganj Power Station:
Ashuganj Power Station is the second largest power station in Bangladesh. The present
total power (electricity) generation capacity of its 7 units is 671 MW. As a part of the
Power Sector Development and Reform Program of the Government of Bangladesh
(GOB) Ashuganj Power Station Company Ltd.
(APSCL) has been incorporated under the Companies Act 1994 on 28 June 2000. The
Registration No. of APSCL is 40630 (2328) / 2000. Ashuganj Power Station (APS)
Complex (with its Assets and Liabilities) had been transferred to the APSCL through a
Provisional Vendor‟s Agreement signed between BPDB and APSCL on 22 May 2003.
All the activities of the company started formally on 01 June 2003. From that day the
overall activities of the Company along with operation, maintenance and development of
the Power Station are vested upon a Management Team consisting of the Managing
Director, the Director (Technical) & the Director (Finance).
According to the Articles of Association of the Company, 51% of total shares is held by
BPDB and the rest 49% is distributed among Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Planning,
Power Division, MOPEMR & Energy Division, MOPEMR of GOB. Electricity generated
in this power station is supplied to the national grid and it is distributed to the consumers
throughout the whole country through the national grid.
This power station plays a significant role in the national economic development by
generating more than 10% of total demand for electricity in the country. In this power
station, Natural Gas from Titas Gas Transmission & Distribution Company Ltd. is used as
fuel. Water from the Meghna is used through in-take channels for steam generation and
cooling of generated steam and used water (for cooling) is again thrown into the Meghna
through discharge channels. Huge water from the discharge channels are used for
Page | 9
irrigation in the dry season. It is known that about 36,000 acres of land of Ashuganj are
irrigated by this water.
4.5.Electricity Generation company Of Bangladesh:
On 23rd November 1996 BPDB formed Meghnaghat Power Company (MPC) Ltd.On
16th February 2004 the Meghnaghat Power Company (MPC) Ltd. has been re-named as
Electricity Generation Company of Bangladesh (EGCB) Ltd. (an Enterprise of BPDB).
Electricity Generation Company of Bangladesh (EGCB) Ltd. (An Enterprise of

Bangladesh Power Development Board) was incorporated with Registrar of joint stock
companies on February 16, 2004 to produce and sale of Electricity.
EGCB has a plan to become a leading electricity generation company across the country.
Electricity generation-related business services are among the fastest growing and key
area of the economy, EGCB intends to capitalize on the opportunity in that area. The
company's major share is currently held by BPDB.
4.6.North-West Power Generation Company:
Electricity is the driving force of modern civilization as well as the back-bone of all
development activities of the country. But the present generation capacity of the country
is not sufficient enough to meet the prevailing load demand of the country and causes
insurmountable impedance to the development activities in industrial, commercial,
agricultural and other social sectors.
Furthermore, the load demand is increasing at a faster rate which needs more power
plants to generate electricity for supporting the development activities for total
development of the country. In spite of this, the Government is committed to provide
electricity for all by 2020.
To cope-up with the growing load demand as well as to comply with the policy of the
Government enough generation of electricity needs to be added.
4.7.Rural Power Company Limited:
Bangladesh is presently facing shortage of power and there are always load shading in
some parts of the country. This is threatening to the agriculture, industry, commerce as
well as the whole economy.
Rural Power Company Limited is committed to reliable power generation for Rural
Development and also to take part in social & economic development for rural people of
the country.
Rural Power Company Limited was the first Independent Power Producer (IPP) of
Bangladesh and the first non-Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB) entity to be
licensed to take up power generation. Rural Power Company Limited is registered as a
public limited company under company ACT 1913, was incorporated on 31 st December,
1994 under the company laws to build, own and operate power generation projects with
business philosophy and principles. The company was established as a Pilot Project of
Page | 10
Private Power Generation as per ECNEC decision on 23 rd November, 1994 to enhance
the privatization in the Power sector of Bangladesh.
Rural Power Company Limited has opened a new dimension of power generation in
private sector of Bangladesh, because the 100% equity investment is mobilized locally.
This is absolutely a National Company in the private sector. This will raise the confidence
of investors in the Private Power Generation Sector.
4.8.Power Grid Company Of Bangladesh:
Power Grid Company of Bangladesh Ltd. (PGCB) was created under the restructuring
process of Power Sector in Bangladesh with the objective of bringing about commercial
environment including increase in efficiency, establishment of accountability and
dynamism in accomplishing its objectives.
PGCB was incorporated in November 1996 with an authorized capital of Tk.10 billion. It
was entrusted with the responsibility to own the national power grid to operate and
expand the same with efficiency. Pursuant to Government decision to transfer
transmission assets to PGCB from Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB) and
Dhaka Electric Supply Authority (DESA), PGCB completed taking over of all the
transmission assets on 31.12.2002. Since then, PGCB is operating those efficiently and
effectively.
4.9.Dhaka Power Distribution Company (DPDC):
Dhaka Power Distribution Company (DPDC) launched prepaid power meters for
domestic consumers on 1st June, 2014. State minister for power, energy and mineral
resources Nasrul Hamid launched the company‟s prepaid meters project.
Through the pilot project, 5,000 single-phase prepaid meters are being installed under the
Azimpur Network Operation and Customer Services division on the first phase. The pilot
project covers Dayra Sharif, Eden College, Salimullah orphanage, government quarters
and adjacent areas of Azimpur. Another 5,000 traditional meters will be replaced by
prepaid.
DPDC and Bangladesh Diesel Plant Limited, a commercial enterprise under the
management of Bangladesh Army, is implementing the project.
Consumer will have to buy a „smart card‟ from the Network Operation and Customer
Services and deposit an amount against the card. The card then needs to be inserted into
the prepaid meter‟s slot to commence supply. DPDC will establish 36 vending stations to
sell and recharge cards. Power supply will automatically be suspended if the credit
deposited against the card is exhausted.
Page | 11
4.10.DESCO Power Distribution Company:
Shortly after the creation of an independent Bangladesh, in 1972, the first Government of
Bangladesh, in an effort to speed up the investment in the sector issued an Ordinance
creating the Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB) as the successor
organization of the power side of EWAPDA. The Ordinance recognized the divergence of
energy related issues in development.
During 1972 to 1995, BPDB has increased the generating capacity in the country to 2818
MW, and the length of its 230 and 132 KV transmission networks to 419 KM and 2469
KM. For the first time in December 1982, the eastern and western halves of the country
were electrically connected through the commissioning of double circuit 230 KV
transmission line across the Jamuna riever energized at 132 KV between Ishurdi and
Tongi called the first East-West Interconnector. Generation sources were diversified to
include a 230 MW hydropower station at Kaptai on the Karnaphuli river and natural gas
and imported fuel based, open and combined cycle power plants at different locations of
Eastern and Western part of the country. The distribution networks of all major towns and
cities had been linked through 230 KV and 132 KV inter-ties.
4.11.WEST ZONE POWER DISTRIBUTION COMPANY:
The Electricity Directorate was established in 1947 in order to plan and improve power
supply situation of the country and subsequently EPWAPDA was constituted in 1959.
After the independence of Bangladesh, “WAPDA” was divided into “Bangladesh Power
Development Board” and “Bangladesh Water Development Board” by the Presidential
Order 59 (PO-59) in 1972. As a result, Bangladesh Power Development Board was
entrusted with the responsibilities of Generation,
Transmission and Distribution of Electrical Power throughout the country. Rural

Electrical Board (REB) was established by the Ordinance No-LI in the year of 1977, for
the development of electricity in the rural areas for the effective benefit of rural people in
October 1977. Under the reform program, Dhaka Electric Supply Authority (DESA) was
created for the better management and efficient electricity supply in Dhaka City and its
adjoining districts in 1990 and after that, DESA was reformed as Dhaka Power
Distribution Company Ltd. (DPDC) in 2008.
Dhaka Electric Supply Company Ltd. (DESCO) was created in 1997 as a part of DESA.
Under the Companies Act of 1994, Power Grid Company of Bangladesh (PGCB) was
created in 1996 to oversee the transmission system. Following the reform activity,
Ashuganj Power Station Complex has been converted into Ashuganj Power Station
Company Ltd (APSCL) in 1996. As a part of refom activies, Electricity Generation
Company of Bangladesh (EGCB) was formed in 2004 and the North West Zone Power
Generation Company Limited (NWZPGCL) was also formed in 2007.
As a part of ongoing Power Sector Reforms Program by the way of unbundling the Power
Sector and increasing efficiency in the area of Generation, Transmission and Distribution,
West Zone Power Distribution Co. Ltd. (WZPDCL) was constituted as a electricity
distribution company in November 2002 under the Companies Act 1994 as a Public
Limited Company. The manpower of the Distribution Western Zone (Khulna Division,
Barisal Division and Greater Faridpur comprising of 21 districts and 20 upazillas
Page | 12
excluding REB area) of erstwhile Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB), put
under Lien being the employees of WZPDCL in October 1, 2003.
WZPDCL signed Provisional Vendor‟s Agreement (VA) and Provisional Power Sales
Agreement (PSA) with BPDB on March 23, 2005. After signing the two Agreements, the
operational activities of WZPDCL commenced on April 1, 2005 by taking over the
distribution system of the then Distribution Western Zone of BPDB.
The employees of the BPDB joined WZPDCL in December 16, 2007 with the end of Lien
and thus started functioning in WZPDCL independently according to the Company Act of
1994.
4.12.Bangladesh Rural Electrification Board:
The Rural Electrification Board of Bangladesh has been providing service to rural
member consumers for over 37 years. Continued support from the Government of
Bangladesh, the donor community, consulting partners, and member consumers will help
this program continue to expand, providing the gift of electricity to millions more
Bangladeshi households, businesses, and industries.
Rural Electrification Board Act, 2013 has been established instead of Rural Electrification
Board Ordinance, 1977 (Ordinance No. LI of 1977) and The name of Board is
Bangladesh Rural Electrification Board. Which was responsible for electrifying rural
Bangladesh? Since its inception, the purpose of the program has been to use electricity as
a means of creating opportunities for improving agricultural production and enhancing
socio-economic development in rural areas, whereby there would be improvements in the
standard of living and quality of life for the rural people.
Page | 13
Chapter-5
PRESENT POWER SITUATION OF BANGLADESH
5.1. Bangladesh’s Power Sector at a Glance (July 2014):
 Generation Capacity : 10,648 MW (Sep'2014)

 Total Consumers : 15.4 Million
 Transmission Line : 9,500 Ckt. Km
 Distribution Line : 3,03,000 km
 Distribution Loss : 11.96%
 Per Capita Generation : 348 KWh
 Access to Electricity : 68%
5.2. Generation Capacity (July, 2014):
 Public Sector: 5,880 MW (55 %)

 Private Sector: 4,238 MW (40 %
 Power Import: 500 MW (5%)
 Total: 10,618 MW (100 %)
5.3. Present Generation Capacity (November, 2013):
Public Sector Installed Generation Capacity(MW)

BPDB 4186
APSCL 777
EGCB 622
NWPGCL 300
RPCL 77
Subtotal 5,962 (58%)
Private Sector
IPPs 1655
Rental 2096
Power Import 500
Subtotal 4,251 (42%)
Total 10,213
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5.4. Year wise Maximum Power Generation:
Maximum Power Generation in:

 2014 : 7418.00 MW (Date:-18/07/2014)
 2013 : 6675.00 MW (Date:-12/07/2013)
 2012 : 6350.00 MW (Date:-04/08/2012)
 2011 : 5174.00 MW (Date:-23/11/2011)
 2010 : 4698.50 MW (Date:-20/08/2010)
 2009 : 4296.00 MW (Date:-18/09/2009)
5.5. Demand in Banglaedsh:
In the Power System Master Plan (PSMP) -2010 demand forecast was made based on 7
% GDP growth rate. The electricity development is required to be accelerated to increase
access and attain economic development. The desirable economic growth rate would be
about 7% p.a.
Based upon this study the peak demand would be about 10,283 MW in FY2015, 17,304
MW in FY2020 and 25,199 MW in 2025. According to PSMP- 2010 Study year-wise
peak demand forecast is given below.
Fiscal Year Peak Demand (MW)

2010 6,454
2011 6,765
2012 7,518
2013 8,349
2014 9,268
2015 10,283
2016 11,405
2017 12,644
2018 14,014
2019 15,527
2020 17,304
2021 18,838
2022 20,443
2023 21,993
2024 23,581
2025 25,199
2026 26,838
2027 28,487
2028 30,134
2029 31,873
2030 33,708
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5.6. Installed Capacity of BPDB Power Plants as on November 2014:
Unit Type Capacity(Unit) Total(%)

Coal 250.00 MW 2.39 %
FO 0.00 MW 0%
Gas 6719.00 MW 64.33 %
HFO 1963.00 MW 18.79 %
HSD 783.00 MW 7.5 %
Hydro 230.00 MW 2.2 %
Imported 500.00 MW 4.79 %
Total 10445.00 MW 100 %
Page | 16
Chapter-6
LIST OF POWER STATIONS IN BANGLADESH
Present Power Stations In Bangladesh:
 Coal fired
 Oil and Gas fired Thermal
 Gas turbines
 Gas engines
 Hydroelectric
 Nuclear
 See also
 References
 External links
6.1. Coal fired Power Station:
Power station Capacity Turbines Coal Conveyance Mine Cooling Refs

(MW) Type type Water
[1]
Barapukuria 250
Power Station
6.2. Oil and Gas fired Thermal:
Power station Capacity (MW) Location Refs

Ashuganj 638 Ashugonj [2] [3]
Ghorasal 950 Ghorasal [4]
Shikalbaha 60
Siddhirganj 260
6.3 Gas turbines:
Power station Max. Capacity (MW) Turbines Fuel type Refs

Meghnaghat 450 2+1 natural gas [5]
Ashuganj 146 2+1 natural gas [6]
Haripur 360 1+1 natural gas
Golpara Barge 56 natural gas
Mymensingh 216 natural gas
Siddhirganj 240 natural gas
Page | 17
6.4. Gas engines:
Power station Max. Capacity (MW) Turbines Fuel type Refs

Fenchuganj 51 16 natural gas [7]
Dhaka 7 2 natural gas
Gazipur 53 6 natural gas
Gopalganj 100 16 natural gas
Maona 35 4 natural gas
Raozan 52 6 natural gas
6.5. Hydroelectric:
Power station Max. Capacity (MW) Turbines Refs

[8]
Karnafuli 230 5
6.6. Nuclear:
Ruppur Nuclear Power Plant is a proposed 2,000 MW nuclear power plant. Planned to go
into operation by 2020, it will be the country's first nuclear power plant.
Page | 18
Chapter-7
MAJOR POWER PLANTS OF BANGLADESH
7.1. Karnafuli Hydro Power Station:
Kaptai dam is the one and only dam of Bangladesh that is used to generate hydro-electric
power. The only hydropower plant in the country is located at kaptai, about 50 km from
the port city of chittagong. This plant was constructed in 1962 as part of the 'Karnafuli
Multipurpose Project', and is one of the biggest water resources development project of
Bangladesh. The water storage capacity of the Kaptai dam is 11000 km2.
After being commissioned in 1962, the plant could feed the national grid with 80 MW of
electricity. In later years, the generation capacity was increased in two phases to a total
of 230 MW. The plant not only plays an important role in meeting the power demand of
the country but is also vital as a flood management installation for the areas downstream.
Under the guidance of then Chief Engineer (Irrigation) Khwaja Azimuddin, the
construction site was chosen at present location of the dam in 1951. The International
Engineering Co. Inc. (IECO) was engaged for a study on the project. Utah International
Inc. was selected as construction contractor.
The earth-filled dam Kaptai is an earth-fill dam. It is 45.7m (36m MSL or mean sea
level) high and 670.6m long. The maximum width is 7.6m and width at the foot is
45.7m. The 16-gated spillways, each 12.2m by 11.3m, can together pass a flow of
625,000 cusec. The average annual flow in the reservoir is approximately 15,646 MCM.
The flood absorption capacity is 8.25 million Ac-ft and the flooded area at 33m MSL is
777 sq km.
In 1962, the the dam, spillway, penstock and two units of powerhouses were built. Each
of the powerhouses was capable of generating 40MW of electricity. In November 1981
another 50MW generating unit was completed. In October 1988 the 4th and 5th
generating units were installed which raised the total generation capacity to 230MW. The
total cost of Unit 1, Unit 2 and a part of Unit 3 was Rs. 503 million and the total cost of
extension was Tk. 1,900 million. The spillways was constructed on the left side of the
main dam. The 16 gated (each 12.2 m X 11.3 m) spillway have discharge capacity of
625000 cusec. The construction of these system (dam, spillways and others) required to
excavate 113400 cubic m. The dead storage at 23.16m above MSL is 1.18 million ac-ft.
Flood storage capacity is 0.83 million ac-ft.
Page | 19
7.2. Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant:
The preparatory stage construction work on the 2000 MW Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant
(RNPP) project is likely to begin in September this year.
The preparatory stage works include civil construction of different important offices, site
development, access roads, hydraulic infrastructures, loading-unloading facilities of
equipment, jetties at rivers, laboratories, flood protection structures, and also other
utilities.
According to a highly placed source at the Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission
(BAEC), Rosatom, the Russian contractor of the RNPP project, will start the work as the
government has already made its 10% down payment to the Russian authorities against
the project cost.
The total project cost was estimated to be about US$ 2 billion for the first unit of the
2000 MW plant while feasibility study and relevant work and its design will cost $ 500
million. The government signed a number of agreements with Rosatom to implement the
project.
After completion of the works covered under the 3rd agreement, the government is
expected to sign the fourth and final agreement of the project in third quarter of 2016
which will provide the scope for start of the foundation of the main nuclear power
project, the installation of the nuclear reactor.
After completion of the preparatory stage works, Bangladesh will need to take two
important licenses from International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) as prerequisite for
start of the foundation work of the plant.
The licenses are site license and nuclear power plant construction license.
Contacted, State Minister for Science and Technology Yeafesh Osman told UNB that the
work on the RNPP goes on as per the plan of his ministry.
The government signed the first memorandum of understanding (MoU) with Russian
government in 2009 and then singed a number of deals with Russian state-owned nuclear
agency Rosatom. As per the deals, Russia will finance the project under a supplier's
credit mode.
Under a deal, Russia will provide $ 500 million loan to finance engineering surveys on
the site, project development and personnel training.
The $ 500 million loan will be repaid in 12 years with a five-year grace period, and
another $ 1.5 billion loan is expected from Russia for the final construction of the plant
which will be repaid in 28 years with 10 years grace period. The IAEA continues its
close involvement with the project.
Page | 20
7.2.1. Why Nuclear Power recommended:
 The site at Rooppur, by the River Padma, was chosen more than 50 years ago for a
10MWe prototype nuclear power plant on purely political grounds by the then
Pakistani Junta (in 1961). No site selection procedure or environmental impact
assessment was ever conducted, but the present government wants to build not just
one but two 1000 MWe units on the same site. The River Padma is now heavily
silted due to extraction of as much as 75 per cent of water during the lean summer
months by India using Farakka Barrage only 40km upstream of the proposed site.
 The Bangladesh government seems to have been blinded by the Russian offer to
build a nuclear power plant and provide the loans for it. No consideration has been
given to the suitability of the proposed plant (VVER-1000) or its safety standards.
The VVER-1000 is quite outdated. Its safety standards fall so short that even in
Russia the construction of one of the VVER-1000 plants was cancelled in 2008.
Former Soviet block countries had to agree to decommission VVER-400 and VVER-
1000 reactors before being allowed to join the EU. So why is Bangladesh now
accepting such an outdated, unsafe and discarded model.
 The Minister in Charge and the Chairman of the Bangladesh Atomic Energy
Commission claim that Russia will build each of these units of VVER-1000 for $2
billion. However, Russia has said nothing at all to that effect. Of this $2billion,
$500million will be spent on an exhibition centre, feasibility studies etc. The
remaining $1,500 million is inadequate as a similar plant in China, with quality third
party parts, is costing $4,500 million.
 Bangladesh has no technical expertise or skilled manpower to undertake such a

complex and high tech project. On top of that, the country has no industrial
infrastructure and the transport system is absolutely rudimentary. Most of the
materials to be used in the plant such as the quality assured high grade stainless steel,
pipes, valves, pumps and other components will have to be imported and the cost
will simply be prohibitive.
 Bangladesh has no institutional and regulatory framework to undertake a complex

project like this and consequently safety standards will be seriously impaired. The
Minister in Charge claimed that Russia has assured Bangladesh of the safety of the
plant; whereas the Russian state owned company, Rosatom (reactor vendor) has
rightly asserted that the responsibility of ensuring safety lies with the licensee
(Bangladesh government). The Bangladesh authorities seem to be unaware of the
legal implications of the licensing regime.
 It seems no consideration has been given to technical issues associated with the
storage, transportation and disposal of radioactive material and radioactive waste.
The government claims radioactive waste materials will go to Russia but Russia has
said no such agreement has been reached.
 Given these shortcomings and insurmountable impediments, the Bangladesh

government should seriously consider abandoning this project. The risk of
mismanaging a nuclear power plant is the inevitable occurrence of a nuclear accident
and the consequences are simply mind boggling – thousands, if not millions, of
Page | 21
people will be exposed to high doses of radiation, large swathes of arable land will
be contaminated with radioactive materials and the country will be lumbered with
billions of dollars of compensation. When advanced countries like Germany,
Italy, Switzerland have all given up nuclear power plants and with Japan is tapering
down nuclear power production after the Fukushima disaster, Bangladesh seems to
be charging ahead recklessly. A grand vision is meaningless without competence,
judgement and knowledge.
7.3. Barapukuria Coal Mining:
The Barapukuria coal deposit was discovered in 1985 while the Geological Survey of
Bangladesh (GSB) drilled a wild-cat borehole to investigate a negative gravity anomaly
in the area. Since then , a total of 35 deep boreholes were drilled, delimiting the area of
coal resources and determining the structure, and the coal seam characteristics in terms
of thickness and quality.
 The surface geology over the entire project area comprises the Tertiary Dupi Tila
formation, which unconformably overlays the Gondwana (Permian) coal-bearing
sediments. These are folded into an asymmetric syncline or basin, whose axis strikes
approximately north-south. A major fault forms the eastern limit of the deposit,
beyond which, Archaean basement rocks (Pre-Cambrian) are present immediately
below the Dupi Tila. Several lesser faults were identified within the coal basin by
geophysical seismic survey.
 The Gondwana sequence comprises predominantly sandstones, with subordinate

siltstones and mudstones, which contain up to six coal seams in the centre of the
basin. The lowest of these, Seam VI is the principal target seam of the mine project,
and has an average thickness of 36m. It consists of a weakly-caking bituminous coal
with average sulphur content of about 0.53% making it an ideal fuel for power
generation, which is the primary identified market for the coal. In-seam inclusions of
dirt (non-coal material) are variable, but mainly restricted to the uppermost and
lowermost sections of the seam.
 The western, northern and southern limits of the deposit are formed by the subcrop
of seam VI beneath the basal Dupi Tila unconformity.
 An in-situ reserve base of more than 200 Mt of coal has been calculated for the entire
area. Recovery will be constrained by mine layout, method of extraction, and the
number of slices to be mined, all of which will be dependent on experience gained
during the initial production phases.
 Currently, the mine has adopted Long Wall Top Coal Caving (LTCC) method to
yield maximum quantity and in full swing production is going on as per schedule of
production and coal is being sold to Barapukuria 250MW Thermal Power Plant and
rest to other buyers.
Page | 22
7.4. Rampal Power Station (Proposed):
Megawatt coal-fired power station at Rampal Upazila of Bagerhat District in

Khulna,Bangladesh. It is a joint partnership between India's state owned National
Thermal Power Corporation and Bangladesh Power Development Board. The joint
venture company is known as Bangladesh India Friendship Power Company (BIFPC).
The proposed project, on an area of over 1834 acres of land, is situated 14 kilometres
north of the world's largest mangrove forest Sundarbans which is a UNESCO world
heritage site. It will be the country's largest power plant.
In August 2010, a Memorandum of Understanding was signed between Bangladesh

Power Development Board (BPDB) and India's state-owned National Thermal Power
Corporation (NTPC) where they designated to implement the project by 2016.[4] On
January 29, 2012, the Bangladesh Power Development Board signed an agreement with
NTPC to build the plant. The joint venture company is known as Bangladesh India
Friendship Power Company (BIFPC).
The BPDB and the NTPC agreed to implement the project on a 50:50 equity basis. The
NTPC will set up and operate the plant. Bangladesh and India will equally share up to 30
per cent of the capital of this project as equity. The remainder of the capital, which might
be equivalent to USD 1.5 billion, will be taken as bank loans with help from the NTPC.
According to the sources in the Bangladesh Power Division, the joint venture company
will enjoy a 15-year tax holiday.
This project violates the environmental impact assessment guidelines for coal-based
thermal power plants. It is imperative to add that the acquisition of land for the plant has
been done by ousting farming communities and in violation to the legal sequence of
"Environmental Report First, Acquisition Second The late report on the environmental
hazard such as SO2 emission rate has been falsely conducted on a "Rural area and
farmstead" standard; not mentioning the hyper sensitive forest zone.
On August 1 2013 Department of Energy of Bangladesh approved construction, but then

changed its stance and set 50 preconditions for the project.But the location of the plant,
14 kilometers from the Sundarbans, violates one of the basic preconditions which says
such projects must be outside a 25-kilometer radius from the outer periphery of an
ecologically sensitive area.
The Rampal station is against The Ramsar Convention. The Ramsar Convention is the
only global environmental treaty that deals with the preservation of wetlands.
Bangladesh signed the convention in 1992. Sundarbans and Tanguar Haor are marked as
Ramsar area. The authority of the global body expressed worry about the proposed plant.
The plant will need to import 4.72 million tons of coal per year. This massive freight will
need about 59 ships each having 80,000-ton capacity that would be taken to the port on
the bank of Poshur river. The 40 kilometers from the port to the plant cuts through the
Sundarbans and it includes the river flow path. Environmentalists say these coal-carrying
vehicles are not often covered as they scatter large amounts of fly ash, coal
dust and sulfur, and other toxic chemicals are released throughout the life of the project.
Page | 23
7.4.1 Enviromental fact & issues about Rampal Power Station :
The predictions made by environment and ecology experts are that the plant will release
toxic gases such as carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen and sulphur dioxide, thereby
putting the surrounding areas and, most importantly, Sundarban at grave risk.
According to a report published in New Age, in past few years the Indian central and
state authorities which deal with environmental concerns in India denied the proposal of
NTPC to set up a similar coal-fired thermal power plant at Gajmara
in Gadarwara of Madhya Pradesh over a number of points.
NTPC failed to get approval of the Indian Central Green Panel (Green Tribunal) in 2010
for the construction of that coal-fired thermal power plant because a vast portion of
double-crop agricultural land reportedly comprised the site, a similar situation to
Rampal.
7.5. Haripur Combined-Cycle Power Plant:

The 412MW (megawatt) gas-fired Haripur Combined-Cycle Power Plant, the largest
public sector power plant. The state-run EGCB has constructed the plant with the
assistance of Marubeni Corporation of Japan as the Engineering, Procurement and
Construction (EPC) contractor. The plant will require 64mm cfd gas to operate in full
capacity while production cost of per unit of electricity will be Tk1.7154.
Land Lease Agreement was signed between EGCB and Power Development Board on
29 August, 2011 for 8.573 acres of land at Haripur area on rental basis for a period of 25
years. The government implemented the power project at a cost of $376m with financial
support from Japan International Cooperation Agency (Jica).
Though some 56 plants have added over 4282MW of electricity to the national grid
during the last four and half years, dependence on rental and quick-rental power plants
ranging from 20-150MW has put huge burden on the national coffers.
The government has plans to build 11 gas-based plants under both public and private
sectors, producing 3500MW of electricity. Sources at the PDB said, electricity
generation in the country yesterday was about 6000MW against a projected demand for
7000MW.
Page | 24
Chapter-8
RENEWABLE ENERGY IN BANGLADESH
8.1. Renewable energy:
Government has set up the goal of providing electricity to all by 2020 and to ensure
reliable and quality supply of electricity at a reasonable and affordable price. Sustainable
social and economic development depends on adequate power generation capacity of a
country. There is no other way for accelerating development except to increase the
power generation by fuel diversification. Development of Renewable Energy is one of
the important strategies adopted as part of Fuel Diversification Program.
In line with the Renewable Energy policy 2009, the Government is committed to
facilitate both public and private sector investment in Renewable Energy projects to
substitute indigenous non- renewable energy supplies and scale up contributions of
existing Renewable Energy based electricity productions.
The Renewable Energy Policy envisions that 5% of total energy production will have to
be achieved by 2015 and 10% by 2020. To achieve this target, GOB is looking for
various options preferably Renewable Energy resources. Under the existing generation
scenario of Bangladesh, Renewable Energy has a very small share to the total generation.
The share of Renewable Energy exceeds more than 1% till now.
The present Government is placing priority on developing Renewable Energy resources

to improve energy security and to establish a sustainable energy regime alongside of
conventional energy sources. Government has already launched "500 MW Solar Power
Mission" to promote the use of Renewable Energy to meet the increasing demand of
electricity.
Government of Bangladesh has taken a systematic approach towards renewable energy

development. In line with the Government approach Bangladesh Power Development
Board formed the Ddirectorate of Renewable Energy and Research & Development in
2010. Since the very beginning of establishment the directorate is dedicated to keep a
sign for the enhancement of Renewable Energy use in power sector. There is a good
scope for solar, wind, biomass, micro/mini hydro power generation in Bangladesh.
BPDB has taken systematic steps for developing Renewable Energy projects as well as
implement and promote Energy Efficiency Measures for the last few years to achieve the
target of the Renewable Energy Policy 2008.
The directorate is established for feasibility study, planning, evaluation, examination,

monitoring of such projects and to perform necessary research based works in relative
fields. Present manpower of the directorate consists of the director, two deputy director,
five assistant engineers and six staffs.
Page | 25
8.1.1. Solar Power Projects:
 Implemented Projects:
Under the Hill Tracts Electrification Project BPDB has already implemented three solar
projects in Juraichori Upazilla, Barkal Upazilla and Thanchi Upazilla of Rangamati
District. Under 1st, 2nd and 3rd Phases, 1200 sets Solar Home Systems of 120 Wp each,
30 sets Solar PV Street Light Systems of 75 Wp each, 3 sets Solar PV Submersible
Water Pumps of 1800 Wp each, 6 stes Solar PV Vaccine Refrigerators for the Health
Care Centers of 360 Wp each and 2 sets 10 kWp capacity Centralized Solar System for
market electrification has been installed. So, a total of 173.81 kWp Solar PV Systems
have been installed in Juraichori, Barkal and Thanchi upazilla of Rangamati
District under the Hill Tracts Electrification Project.
In the fiscal year 2008-09, BPDB implemented another two solar electrification
projects in Angoorpota and Dohogram Chit Mohol. Under this program, BPDB
implemented 2 sets Solar Home System of 50Wp each, 2 sets Solar Home System
of 80Wp each and 8 sets Solar Home System of 100Wp each. A total of 1.06 kWp
Solar PV Systems have been installed in Angoorpota and Dohogram Chitmohol.
BPDB implemented 20.16 KWp Solar PV System and that was inaugurated by Prime
Minister at the Office of the Prime Minister on December 2009
Major solar PV systems implemented by BPDB in the fiscal year 2010-2011 are as
follows:
1. 32.75 kWp at WAPDA Building, Motjheeel.
2. 2.82 kWp at Chairman Banglo, BPDB.
3. 6 kWp at Agrabad Bidyut Bhaban, Chittagong.
4. 1.8 kWp at Cox's BPDB Rest House.
Major solar PV systems implemented in the fiscal year 2011-2012 are as follows:
1. 37.5 kWp Solar Roof Top System on15th floor of Bidyut Bhaban.
2. 3 kWp at PC Pole Factory, Chittagong.
3. 3 kWp at Khagrachori BPDB Rest House.
4. 2.16 kWp at Swandip Power House and Rest House.
5. 2.16 kWp at Sales & Distribution Division, HatHajari.
6. 3.12 kWp at Sales & Distribution Division, Fouzdarhat.
7. 3.12 kWp at Sales & Distribution Division, Rangamati.
8. 1.6 kWp Solar Power System at Titas 50 MW Peaking Power Plant.
9. 1.6 kWp Solar Power System at t Baghabari 50 MW Peaking Power Plant.
10. 1.6 kWp Solar Power System at Bera 70 MW Peaking Power Plant.
11. 1.5 kWp Solar Power System at Chittagong Power Plant.
12. 3.5 kWp Solar Power System at Ghorashal Power Plant.
In the fiscal year 2012-2013 BPDB has implemented the following solar PV systems:
1. 4 kWp Solar Power System at Khulna Power Station.
2. 1.6 kWp Solar Power System at Faridpur 50 MW Peaking Power Plant.
3. 1.6 kWp Solar Power System at Goplagonj 100 MW Peaking Power Plant.
4. 2 kWp at Sales & Distribution Division, Bakolia.
Page | 26
5. 2 kWp at Sales & Distribution Division, Pathorghata and Madarbari.
6. 2 kWp at Sales & Distribution Division, Stadium.
7. 2 kWp at Sales & Distribution Division, Agrabad.
8. 2 kWp at Sales & Distribution Division, Halishohor.
9. 2 kWp at Sales & Distribution Division, Khulshi.
10. 2 kWp at Sales & Distribution Division, Pahartoli.
11. 2 kWp at Sales & Distribution Division, Mohora.
12. 2 kWp at Distribution Division, Patiya.
13. 2 kWp at Distribution Division, Bandarban.
14. 6 kWp at Regional Civil Construction Division, Medical centre and Magistrate
Building.
15. 2 kWp at Sales & Distribution Division, Feni.
16. 2 kWp at Sales & Distribution Division, Chowmuhuni, Noakhali.
17. 1 kWp Solar Power System at the non-residential building and 2 kWp Solar Power
System athe residential building of Santahar 50 MW Peaking Power Plant.
18. 1 kWp Solar Power System at the non-residential building and 2 kWp Solar Power
System at the residential building of Katakhali 50 MW Peaking Power Plant.
19. 1.6 kWp Solar Power System at Dohazari 100 MW Peaking Power Plant.
20. 27.2 kWp Solar Power System at Chandpur 150 MW Combined Cycle Power Plant.
21. 25 kWp Grid Tied Power System at Chittagong Power Station.
 Ongoing Projects:
1. 650 KWp (400 kW load) Solar Mini Grid Power Plant at remote Haor area of Sullah
upazila in Sunamgonj district under Climate Change Trust Fund (CCTF) on turnkey
basis.
2. 8 MWp Grid Connected Solar PV Power Plant at Kaptai Hydro Power Station,at
Rangamati on turnkey basis.
3. 3 MWp Grid Connected Solar PV Power Plant at Sharishabari, Jamalpur on IPP
basis.
4. 30 MWp Solar Park Project adjacent to new Dhorola Bridge, Kurigram on IPP basis.
5. Solar Street Lighting Projects in seven (7) City Corporations of the country.
N.B Installation of Solar Roof Top Systems in all BPDB offices across the country is a
continuous process. More than 223 kWp solar PV systems have already been installed
and installations of about 407 kWp solar PV systems are under planning/implementing
stages.
Page | 27
 Projects under Planning:
1. Conversion of existing 37.5 kWp Solar System installed on the rooftop of Bidyut
Bhaban into 37.5 kWp Grid Tied Solar System
2. Conversion of existing 32.75 kWp Solar System installed on the rooftop of WAPDA
Bhaban into 32.75 kWp Grid Tied Solar System
3. Rehabilitation of 10 KWp Solar Power Plant at the Barkal upazilla sadar of
Rangamati district.
4. BPDB has planned to install Grid Connected Solar PV Power Plant on IPP basis
such as-
i) 1 MW Grid Connected Solar Power Plant at Regional Training Centre
(RTC), Rajshahi.
ii) 500 kWp Grid Tied Solar System at 33/11 kV substation's compound of
former Hajigonj Electric Supply, Chandpur.
5. BPDB has planned to install Solar Mini Grid Power Plant on turnkey basis under
Climate Change Trust Fund (CCTF) at remote and inaccessible areas such as-
i) 500 kW Solar Mini Grid Power Plant at Swandip Upazila of Chittagong
district.
ii) 500 kW Solar Mini Grid Power Plant at Thanchi Upazila of Bandarban
district.
6. BPDB has planned to implement Solar Park Projects on IPP/PPP basis under the
Roadmap of ADB‟s 500 MW Solar Power Mission such as-
i) Rangunia 60 MW Solar Park Project on IPP basis at Karnafuli river side,
Rangunia, Chittagong
ii) 40-45 MW Solar Park Project adjacent to Bangabandhu Bridge,Tangail and
Sirajgonj area.
iii) 2-3 MW Solar Park Project adjacent to PGCB Grid Sub-station compound,
Ishwardi.
iv) 1-2 MW Solar Park Project adjacent to PGCB Grid Sub-station compound,
Jhenaidaha.
Page | 28
8.1.2. Wind Power Projects:
 Implemented Projects: The potential of wind energy is limited to coastal areas,

off-shore islands, rivers sides and other inland open areas with strong wind regime.
In order to generate electricity from Wind Energy, BPDB installed 4x225 KW =
900 KW capacity grid connected Wind Plant at Muhuri Dam area of Sonagazi in
Feni.
Another project of 1000 KW Wind Battery Hybrid Power Plant at Kutubdia Island
was completed in 2008 which consists of 50 Wind Turbines of 20 kW capacity
each.
1. Repairing work of the existing 900 kW grid connected Wind Power Project at
Muhuri Dam of Sonagazi in Feni is going on.
2. Repair and operation & maintenance of the existing Kutubdia 1000 kW Wind
Battery Hybrid Power Project is underway
3. Steps have been taken to install 15 MW Wind Power Plant across the coastal
regions of Bangladesh after 1 year Wind Resources Assessment in Muhuri Dam
Area of Feni, Mognamaghat of Cox‟sbazar, Parky Beach of Anwara in
Chittagong, Kepupara of Borguna and Kuakata of Patuakhali. Wind Mapping is
going on at Muhuri Dam area of Feni and at Mognamaghat of Cox‟sbazar by
Regen Powertech Ltd. of India.
4. Installation of Wind Monitoring Stations at Inani Beach of Cox'sbazar, Parky
Beach of Anwara, Sitakundu of Chittagong and at Chandpur under USAID TA
project is underway
1. BPDB has planned to implement 50-200 MW Wind Power Project at Parky

Beach area, Anawara in Chittagong on IPP basis.
2. Power Division and BPDB have primarily identified 22 potential sites for Wind
Resource Mapping in Bangladesh. Wind monitoring stations will be installed at
these sites for comprehensive Wind Resource Assessment (WRA).
3. BPDB has also plan to expand On-shore Wind Power Plants along the coastline
of coastal regions of Bangladesh.
Page | 29
8.1.3. Hybrid Projects:
1. 7.5 MW off Grid Wind-Solar Hybrid System with HFO/Diesel Based Engine
Driven Generator in Hatiya Island, Noakhali.
8.1.4. Micro/Mini Hydro Projects:
 Implemented Projects: Micro/ mini-hydro have limited potential in Bangladesh

with exception of Chittagong Hill Tracts region. A 50 kW micro-hydro plant was
installed at Barkal Upazila of Rangamati district in 2005.
1. 50-70 kW Mohamaya Irrigation-cum-Hydro Power Project at Mirersorai,
Chittagong.
2. Rehabilation of 50 kW Micro-Hydro Power Plant at Barkal Upazila of
Rangamati district.
1. Micro-hydro power projects on the potential streams/charas/rivers of CHT

regions will be implemented after detail Feasibility Study.
8.2. Energy Efficiency Measures:
For energy saving purposes and encourage the use of CFLs by consumers, free CFL
(Compact Fluorescent Lamp) Distribution Program in different offices of BPDB along
with headquarter has been conducted. CFLs, T-5 tube light instead of incandescent bulb
will be installed in all offices of BPDB in different phases.
For the efficient use of energy, steps have been taken to encourage/promote the use of
heat reflective glasses for Passive Cooling of commercial buildings, Solar Powered
Security Lighting in urban buildings and replacement of Diesel/Electric Pumps by Solar
Irrigation Pumps, replacement of Electric/Gas Dryer by Solar Dryer, replacement of
Electric/Gas Heater by Solar Water Heater among the consumers of distribution zones of
BPDB. In addition to that energy efficiency measures, alternative and renewable energy
subjects have been introduced in the national Text Book Curriculum of schools,
madrasas and colleges.
Energy Star labeling Program has been started by BSTI to motivate the users to use
energy efficient appliances. Electricity Week Program has already been launched since
2010 with a view to promote energy savings campaigns at consumer and school level.
This program is nationally observed on 7th December each year.
Page | 30
8.3. Research Activities:
Alongside these projects Directorate of Renewable Energy & Research and Development
is also continuing it‟s own research works in different renewable energy sectors. At this
moment engineers of the directorate are constructing fully operational prototype based
Wind Turbine System, Hydro Emulator Set, Solar Power Converter.
The wind turbine system consists of three different types of turbine technology including
horizontal axis and vertical axis turbine. The total capacity of the system is expected to
be 200 W depending on wind velocity. Complete design, assembly and installation of the
turbine system has been done by the respective engineers.
The Hydro Emulator Set will be a small prototype based hydro turbine system which
consists of two different type of turbine technology, Pelton wheel and Kaplan turbine.
The turbine system will run from a small water reservoir tank. Generation capacity of the
two turbines is expected to be 20 W.
The complete design of the Emulator Set has been done by the engineers of the
respective directorate. The engineers of the directorate are also trying to design Solar
Power Converter with innovative ideas and new concept. All the prototypes will be
installed at the concern office Lab.
Page | 31
Chapter-9
POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION IN

BANGLADESH
9.1. Power Generation Of Bangladesh:
Bangladesh's energy infrastructure is quite small, insufficient and poorly managed. The
per capita energy consumption in Bangladesh is one of the lowest (321 kWH) in the
world. Noncommercial energy sources, such as wood fuel, animal waste, and crop
residues, are estimated to account for over half of the country's energy consumption.
Bangladesh has small reserves of oil and coal, but very large natural gas resources.
Commercial energy consumption is mostly natural gas (around 66%), followed by oil,
hydropower and coal. Electricity is the major source of power for most of the country's
economic activities. Bangladesh's installed electric generation capacity was 10289 MW
in January, 2014 only three-fourth of which is considered to be „available‟. Only 62% of
the population has access to electricity with a per capita availability of 321 kWh per
annum.
Problems in the Bangladesh's electric power sector include corruption in administration,

high system losses, delays in completion of new plants, low plant efficiencies, erratic
power supply, electricity theft, blackouts, and shortages of funds for power plant
maintenance. Overall, the country's generation plants have been unable to meet system
demand over the past decade.
 Power Generation Projects Completion in 2010 (April-December)
Sl. Name of the power plant Capacity Type Expected

No (MW) of Fuel Commissioning
Date
Public Sector
1 Sikalbaha 150 MW Peaking Plant 150 Gas/Oil June, 2010
EPC: M/S Synohydro Corporation
Ltd., China.
2 Siddhirganj 2X120 MW Peaking Plant 120 Gas June, 2010 (2nd
(EGCB) EPC: BHEL unit)
3 Fenchuganj 90 MW CCPP (BPDB) 90 Gas July, 2010
EPC: M/S Harbin Power Eng. Co.
(HPE)
Private Sector
4 Ashuganj – 3 yrs 62 Gas April, 2010
Sponsor: Precision Energy ltd.
5 Fenchuganj – 3 Yrs rental 50 Gas July, 2010
Sponsor: Energy Prima Ltd.
6 Bogra –3 yrs rental 20 Gas ------
Sponsor: Energy Prima Ltd.
Page | 32
7 Bheramara , 3 years rental 100 Diesel July, 2010
8 Thakurgaon, 3 years rental 50 Diesel June, 2010
9. Noapara, 5 years rental 100 HFO November, 2010
10 Barisal, 5 years rental 50 HFO December, 2010
Total (Under Construction): 792
 Power Generation Projects Completion in 2011(Jan.-December)
Sl No. Description Capacity Ownership Fuel Expected

(MW) Commissioning
Date
PUBLIC SECTOR
1 Faridpur; Peaking 50 BPDB HFO August, 2011
2 Dohazari, Chittagong; 100 BPDB HFO August, 2011
Peaking
3 Baghabari ; Peaking 50 BPDB HFO September, 2011
4 Hathazari 100 BPDB HFO September, 2011
5 Doudkandi,Comilla; 50 BPDB HFO September, 2011
Peaking
6 Katakhali, Rajshahi; 50 BPDB HFO December, 2011
Peaking
7 Bera, Pabna; Peaking 70 BPDB HFO September, 2011
8 Gopalganj; Peaking 100 BPDB HFO August, 2011
9 Santahar,Nawgaon; 50 BPDB HFO December, 2011
Peaking
10 Sylhet 150 MW CCPP 150 BPDB Gas December, 2011
11 Chandpur 150 MW CC 150 BPDB Gas December, 2011
PRIVATE SECTOR
Total 920
 Power Generation Projects Completion in 2012 (Jan.-December)
Sl. No. Description Capacity Ownership Fuel Expected

(MW) Commissioning
Date
PUBLIC SECTOR
1 Ghorasal; Peaking 200 BPDB Gas / Diesel June, 2012
2 Khulna 150 MW GT 150 (NWPGC) Gas/Oil June, 2012
3 Sirajganj 150 MW GT 150 (NWPGC) Gas/Oil June, 2012
4 Kaptai Solar 5 BPDB Solar June, 2012
PRIVATE SECTOR
5 Katakhali Peaking 50 IPP HFO April, 2012
Plant, Rajshahi (BPDB)
6 Syedpur Peaking Plant 100 IPP HFO April, 2012
(BPDB)
7 Jamalpur Peaking Plant 100 IPP HFO May, 2012
(BPDB)
8 Chapai Nababganj 100 IPP HFO May, 2012
Page | 33
(BPDB)
9 Comilla Peaking 50 IPP Gas/HFO May, 2012
(BPDB)
10 Khulna Peaking 100 IPP HFO May, 2012
(BPDB)
11 Wind 100 IPP Wind June, 2012
(BPDB)
12 Solar 9 IPP Solar January, 2012
(BPDB)
13 Tangail 20 IPP (REB) HFO June, 2012
14 Chandpur 15 IPP (REB) HFO June, 2012
15 Bhola Combined Cycle 100 IPP Gas June, 2012
Power Plant (2nd unit)
16 Keraniganj CC 100 IPP Gas/HFO July, 2012
17 Madanganj CC 100 IPP Gas/HFO July, 2012
7 Bibiana 300-450 MW 200 IPP FGas August, 2012
CCPP (1st Unit)
4 Bibiana 300-450 MW 200 IPP Gas October, 2012
CCPP (2nd Unit)
5 Meghnaghat 300- 200 IPP Gas/HFO October, 2012
450 MW CCPP (2nd
unit) Duel Fuel
MIXED
15 PDB & RPCL 150 PDB- Gas/HFO June, 2012
RPCL JV
16 Gazipur 50 RPCL Gas/HFO June, 2012
17 RAUJAN 20 RPCL Gas/HFO June, 2012
Total 2269

(MW) Commissioning
Date
PUBLIC SECTOR
1 Siddirganj 2x150 GT 300 (EGCB) Gas June, 2013
2 Bhola 150 MW 150 (BPDB) Gas June, 2013
CCPP
3 Barapukuria 125 125 (BPDB) Coal June, 2013
MW Coal (3rd Unit)
4 Ashuganj 150 CCPP 150 APSCL Gas June, 2013
PRIVATE SECTOR
5 Savar Peaking Plant, 100 IPP Gas/HFO January, 2013
Dhaka
6 Kaliakair Peaking 100 IPP Gas/HFO January, 2013
Plant, Gazipur
7 Bibiana 300- 100 IPP Gas August, 2013
450 MW CCPP
(1st unit)
Page | 34
8 Serajganj 300- 300 IPP Gas June, 2013
450 MW CCPP(
Power Cell)
9 Bhola Combined 50 IPP Gas June, 2013
Cycle
Power Plant (2nd
unit)
10 Keraniganj CC 50 IPP Gas/HFO July, 2013
11 Madanganj CC 50 IPP Gas/HFO July, 2013
12 Bibiyana 300- 100 IPP Gas October, 2013
450 MW CCPP (2nd
Unit)
13 Meghnaghat 300-450 100 IPP Gas/HFO October, 2013
MW CCPP (2nd
Unit) Duel Fuel
Total 1675

(MW) Commissioning
Date
PUBLIC SECTOR
1 Haripur 360 MW CCPP 360 (EGCB) Gas June, 2014
2 Bheramara 360 MW 360 (NWPGC) Gas June, 2014
CCPP
3 Siddirganj 450 MW 450 (EGCB) Gas June, 2014
CCPP
Total 1170
 Power Generation Projects Completion in 2015 (Jan.-December)

(MW) Commissioning Date
1 Chittangong 1300 PPP (Joint Coal March, 2015
Vent.)/IPP
2 Khulna 1300 PPP (Joint Coal March, 2015
South Vent.)/IPP
Total 2600
Page | 35
9.2. Power Transmission Of Bangladesh:
Electric-power transmission is the bulk transfer of electrical energy, from generating

power plants to electrical substations located near demand centers. This is distinct from
the local wiring between high-voltage substations and customers, which is typically
referred to as electric power distribution.
Transmission lines, when interconnected with each other, become transmission

networks. The combined transmission and distribution network is known as the "power
grid" in the United States, or just "the grid". In the United Kingdom, the network is
known as the "National Grid".
 Major Completed Transmission Projects
SI. Project Name Date of Completion

No.
1 Aminbazar-Savar 132kV Transmission Line & Savar 132kV June, 2010

Substation
2 Naogaon-Niamatpur 132kV Transmission Line June, 2010
3 Ashuganj-Shahajibazar 132kV Single Circuit Transmission Line June, 2010
4 Ishurdi-Baghabari-Sirajganj-Bogra 230kV Transmission Line June, 2009

5 Ishurdi-Khulna 230kV Transmission line June, 2009
6 Shunt Compensation at Substation by Capacitor Bank (132kV level) June, 2010
7 National Load Dispatch Centre June, 2010

8 Three Transmission Line Projects June, 2011
9 Bibiyana-Comilla (North) 230 kV Transmission Line June, 2013
 Ongoing Projects
SN Projects Name Status

1 400/230/132 Network Development project DPP submitted to Planning
commission
2 Enhancement of Capacity of Grid Substations and DPP under preparation
Transmission Line (Phase-I)
3 Ashuganj-Bhulta 400 kV Transmission line PQ tender under
evaluation.
4 Aminbazar-Maowa -Mongla 400 kV & Mongla -Khulna(S) F/S is going on by WB
230 kV Transmission line (NG3) finance. Draft F/S report
submitted.
5 Anowara - Meghnaghat 400 kV Transmission line (NG4) F/S is going on by WB
finance. Draft F/S report
submitted.
6 Western region transmission network development project. F/S consultant appointment
Page | 36
under process.
7 Matarbari-Madunaghat 400kV transmission line F/S completed.
8 Rural Transmission Network Development & Renovation DPP under preparation.
Project
9 Electricity interconnection between Tripura and Eastern PDPP submitted.
Region of Bangladesh.
10 Upgradation of Existing Ashuganj-Fenchuganj 132 kV line PDPP submitted.
and construction of new Ashuganj Ghorasal 230 kV line
9.3. Power Distribution Of Bangladesh:
Power distribution system is the final stage in the delivery of electric power; it carries
electricity from the transmission system to individual consumers. Distribution
substations connect to the transmission system and lower the transmission voltage to
medium voltage ranging between 2 kV and 35 kV with the use of transformers.
Primary distribution lines carry this medium voltage power to distribution transformers
located near the customer's premises. Distribution transformers again lower the voltage
to the utilization voltage of household appliances and typically feed several customers
through secondary distribution lines at this voltage. Commercial and residential
customers are connected to the secondary distribution lines through service drops.
Customers demanding a much larger amount of power may be connected directly to the
primary distribution level or the subtransmission level.
 List of Projects of Bangladesh
BPDB Completion Project cost Project objective

Date (Cr Tk.)
1. Power Distribution System 2014-15 637.76 12,466 new connection
Development, Mymensingh
Zone
Development, Chittagong
Zone
Development, Comilla Zone
Development, Sylhet Zone
Development, Rangpur Zone
Development, Rajshahi Zone
Total (BPDB) 3833.00
REB
1. 10 lakh new connection 2012-13 348.00 10 lakh new connection
2. RE upgradation 2012-13 1322.00 Substation & line
project(Rajshahi, Rangpur, upgradation
Khulna & Barisal)
Page | 37
3. RE Expansion Dhaka 2012-13 498.00 4100 kM line construction
Division-1
4. RE Expansion Chittagong- 2012-13 498.00 4500 kM line construction
Sylhet Division-1
5. RE Expansion Rajshahi- 2012-13 407.00 3400 kM line construction
Rangpur Division-1
6. RE Expansion Barisal 2012-13 268.00 2500 kM line construction
Division-1
7. Efficient Lighting initiative 2010-14 288.11 CFL Distribution areas of 70
for Bangladesh PBS, PDB, DESCO, DPDC
& WZPDCO
8. Rural Electrification 2011-213 393.03 Line Construction &
Expansion Khulna Division Consumer connection
Programme-1
9. Rural Electrification 2011-213 23.90 Line Construction &
Expansion Gopalgonj Consumer connection
Division Programme-1
10. Solar Powered Irrigation 2011-2013 26.79 Installation of Solar Powered
Pump & Solar Home System Pump & Solar Home System
11. 1.8 Million Consumer 2012-2015 5413.35 18 Lac new Connection
Connection through Rural
Electrification Expansion
12. Electrification in Local 2012-2014 24.61 Installation of Solar Plants
Area (Upazila complex) by
using Solar Energy (Climate
Change Trust Fund)
Total (REB) 2993.00
DPDC
1.Development of new 132/33 December‟13 434.00 Substation up gradation
kV & 33/11kV substation
2. Rehabilitation and 2012-13 169.00 Distribution line up-
Augmentation of distribution gradation
network
Total(DPDC) 603.00
DESCO
1. Strengthening of 2012-13 486.00 Distribution network up-
distribution network gradation
2. Upgrading & Expanding 2012-13 595.00 Distribution system up-
Distribution System in gradation
Gulshan
Total(DESCO) 11081.00
WZPDC
1. 21 Districts Power 2012-13 469.00 Up-gradation of distribution
Distribution Projects network and substation
Total(WZPDC) 469.00
Page | 38
 Achievement at a glance:
3,00,300 KM
Total Distribution Lines
Total Consumers 15.4 million

Irrigation Consumer 3.08 Lac
Access to electricity 68%
Distribution Loss 11.96%
Accounts Receivable 2.04 Equivalent months
Page | 39
Chapter-10
POWER LOSS OF TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION
10.1. Power loss:

Power loss is one of the key performance indicators. To achieve desirable performance
and viability of the sector, there is no alternative to bring down the power loss to an
acceptable limit.
Various measures like continuous monitoring of the performance of the utilities, reforms
& target-oriented measures are underway to reduce the system loss.
The power loss (distribution) comes down to 11.96% this year as against 12.03% in
previous year.
10.2. Year wise Power Loss Statistics:
TRANSMISSION
FY BPDB REB DPDC DESCO WZPDCO DISTRIBUTION &
DISTRIBUTION
2013-14 11.89% 13.72% 8.99% 8.43% 10.97% 11.96% 14.13%
2012-13 11.95% 13.89% 9.07% 8.44% 11.38% 12.03% 14.36%
2011-12 12.15% 13.99% 9.87% 8.52% 11.66% 12.26% 14.61%
2010-11 13.06% 14.13% 11.95% 8.79% 11.67% 12.75% 14.73%
2009-10 13.11% 14.81% 13.38% 8.86% 11.73% 13.49% 15.73%
2008-09 13.58% 13.97% 18.25% 9.79% 12.22% 14.33% 16.85%
2007-08 14.39% 14.73% 18.44% 10.91% 13.04% 15.56% 18.45%
2006-07 16.58% 12.38% 20.44% 13.44% 14.72% 16.26% 20.25%
2005-06 19.06% 12.98% 20.13% 16.20% 16.21% 16.53% 21.25%
2004-05 20.00% 13.78% 21.94% 16.64% 19.04% 17.83% 22.79%
2003-04 21.33% 15.60% 25.62% 19.24% 22.72% 20.04% 24.49%
2002-03 22.35% 17.33% 27.97% 21.06% 21.64% 25.69%
2001-02 24.50% 16.61% 29.71% 26.66% 23.92% 27.97%
2000-01 26.11% 18.08% 27.77% 29.86% 25.34% 28.43%
1999-00 27.73% 16.24% 26.88% 32.47% 26.09% 31.60%
Page | 40
10.3. Presentation of Power loss in graph analysis:
Fig: Graph analysis of Power Loss
Page | 41
Chapter-11
YEAR-WISE PROBABLE ELECTRICITY DEMAND AND SUPPLY
With the pace of economic development, the use of electricity increases in industrial,
agricultural and other sectors. Similarly, with an increase in purchasing-power, the domestic
demand for electricity and consumption of electricity also increases. The population growth
is also an important factor for increasing electricity consumption. In other words, increase in
demand for electricity and consumption of electricity are the indication of continuous
development. However, it is important to control electricity misuse to ensure electricity
savings, efficient use of electricity and effective use of resources that are allocated to
the power sector. Unplanned urbanization and rural housing increase the demand for
electricity and reduce the effectiveness of electrification as well.
In the absence of proper and timely repair and over-hauling, the productivity of old power
plants is diminishing quickly. As well as, like other machinery, all the power plants
depreciate over time. Besides, after a certain time-period some of the power plants are put on
retirement which reduces the power generation capacity. Therefore, increased power
generation would call for addressing the challenge of decreasing production capacity. The
following list endorses all the power stations that will retire between 2011 and 2015:
11.1. Retirement of Power Plant:
Seria Plant name Commissioning Retirement Power

l no year year (MW)
01 Khulna Rental (03 years) 15/06/2008 2011 40
02 Kumargaon Rental (03 23/07/2008 2011 48
years)
Total 88
03 Bhola Rental (03 years) 12/07/2009 2012 33
04 Shahjibazar Rental (03 13/11/2008 2012 50
years)
Total 83
05 Ashugonj Rental (03 years) 07/04/2010 2013 55
06 Fenchugonj Rental (03 June, 2010 2013 51
years)
07 Shikolbaha Rental (03 May, 2010 2013 55
years)
Total 161
Page | 42
08 Ghorashal- Max Power March, 2011 2014 78
09 Ashugonj-B.Baria March, 2011 2014 150
10 Ashugonj (United April, 2011 2014 53
Ashugonj)
11 Siddhirgonj Quick Rental March, 2011 2014 100
12 Thakurgaon Rental (03 August, 2010 2014 50
years)
13 Khulna Quick Rental August, 2010 2014 55
14 Ghorashal Quick Rental August, 2010 2014 145
15 KPCL BMPP (Khulna) 12/10/1998 2014 106
Seria Plant name Commissioning Retirement Power

l no year year (MW)
17 Bheramara Rental (03 December, 2010 2014 110
years)
Total 897
18 (A) Ashugonj-B. Baria 15/11/1982 2015 40
(B) Ashugonj-B. Baria 28/03/1984 2015 18
(C) Ashugonj-B. Baria 23/03/1986 2015 40
19 (A) Haripur-Narayongonj 31/10/1987 2015 32
(B) Haripur-Narayongonj 15/11/1987 2015 32
(C) Haripur-Narayongonj 02/12/1987 2015 32
20 Sylhet 13/12/1986 2015 20
21 NEPC (Horipur BMPP) 30/06/1999 2015 110
22 Baghaba MBPP Westman 26/06/1992 2015 70
23 (A) Bheramara (Kushita) 28/07/1976 2015 18
(B) Bheramara (Kushita) 27/04/1976 2015 18
(C) Bheramara (Kushita) 19/01/1980 2015 18
Total 448
Total Retirement by 2015 : 88+83+161+897+448 = 1677
16 Pagla, Narayongonj (Quick November, 2010 2014 50
Rental)
Page | 43
In the wake of economic development, the demand for electricity is increasing at a high
rate. A 12 percent annual increase of demand for electricity has also been projected in
the Power Sector Master Plan. Accordingly, the demand for electricity has been estimated (in
terms of demand management) to be 6500 megawatt by 2011. While the demand for
electricity is increasing, the production capacity of existing power stations is falling. In
spite of the existing gap between the demand for and the supply of electricity, it is projected
that Bangladesh will be a power surplus country by 2012. The potential deficit/surplus of
electricity during 2011 to 2016 is shown below:
11.2. Year-wise Projected Power Demand and Supply:
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Maximum demand for 6500 7518 8349 9268 1028 1140
electricity 3 5
(including DSM) (MW)
Generation Capacity (MW) 8042 10116 12629 13660 1588 1764
2 9
Capacity Retired (MW) 88 83 161 1292 128 1033
New Additional Supply (both 2194 2157 2674 2323 2350 2800
Govt. & Private sector) (MW)
Reliable Production Capacity 5945 7575 9578 10491 1219 1355

(MW) 7 4
Deficit/ Surplus (MW) -555 57 1229 1223 1914 2149
Page | 44
Chapter-12
PROJECTS & PLANS
12.1. POWER SYSTEM MASTER PLAN 2010 (PSMP 2010):

In order to develop the Bangladesh power sector, a Power Sector Master Plan (PSMP)
was in place in 2005. The PSMP 2005 was mainly based on gas with the perception
that Bangladesh has abundance of gas reserve. But the reality is reverse, as such even
the existing gas based power plants could not be operated due to the shortage of
adequate gas pressure and gas reserve is alarmingly depleting. Meanwhile, the
government has declared its vision 2021 to provide electricity for all.
To accommodate the changed scenario and the govt.'s vision 2021, a new PSMP 2010
has been undertaken considering coal as dominant primary fuel for the attainment of
stable power supply up to the year 2030 in consideration of the diversification of fuel
resources. The PSMP 2010 has been developed with the technical assistance of JICA
and has been approved by the government after a thorough sector experts review and
stakeholders consultations. The Study reveals that in order to attain a 8% GDP, the
electricity demand would be 34,000MW by the year 2030.
The PSMP 2010 includes an optimum power development plan and identification of
the potential power plant sites based on the fuel diversification study. It has been
developed with fundamental conditions of the development e.g. demand forecast,
procurement of primary energy resources, optimum power development plan, future
optimum power supply structure including the positioning of gas-fired power plants,
and so on.
The fundamental objective is also to attain stable power supply by achieving the 3Es
i.e, Economic Growth, Energy Security and Environmental Protection simultaneously.
The government of Bangladesh set the maximum target to reduce poverty as soon as
possible by achieving high economic growth, which could be achieved through a stable
and efficient power system.
Considering the fuel diversification issue, the PSMP 2010 aims to acquire the fuel
composition ratio would be coal 50% (30% domestic coal and 20% imported coal),
natural gas 25% (including LNG), 5% liquid fuel and 20% nuclear including renewable
and cross-border trade, thus prioritizes the use of domestic primary energy sources.
However, in this case domestic energy supplies are not enough to fulfill the rapid
demand growth for electricity and natural gas, it would be necessary to tap into other
power sources from abroad. To achieve the best mix of energy supply including
imported resources, it would be required to use economical and stable power source in
consideration of environmental protection. Especially coal will be an important
resource as the primary energy supply in Bangladesh hereafter, due to i) its price
Page | 45
stability and lower volatility compared with oil and natural gas, ii) longer reserve
production ratio compared with oil and natural gas, and iii) wide spread availability
throughout the world and is expected to be supplied stably. In order to achieve the
above target the PSMP 2010 addressed the following issues:
(1) Construction of imported coal power station

(2) Introduction of LNG facilities
(3) Construction of the oil fired power station
(4) Import the electricity generated by hydro power from the neighboring countries or
joint development
(5) Introducing a high efficient power supply and lowCO2 emission technology
(6) Improving 10 points thermal efficiency on average
In line with the apparent curtailment of natural gas production, the improvement of gas
utilization efficiency has become an urgent matter. To prioritize gas supply for higher
efficiency power plants is very much required in order to improve the effectiveness of
gas utilization in the whole power sector. Therefore, during the construction of a new
power station, including the demolishment of the old power station, power expansion
planning and system operation planning will be implemented in comprehensive
consideration of the stability, environment and economies of scale in line with the
introduction of the world‟s class efficient combined cycle power station, and high
efficiency and low carbon emission thermal power technology. Therefore PSMP 2010
has stressed the need of the followings:
(1) Higher efficient gas power station

(2) Development of domestic coal power station
(3) Reviewing O&M scheme
(4) Energy conservation, Demand side management
The PSMP 2010 also recommends the development of following infrastructure to cope
up with the enhanced power system:
(1) Construction of deep sea port

(2) Improvement of the power transmission system
(3) Enhancement of gas transmission line
(4) Construction of fuel center
(5) Strengthening the domestic waterway
(6) Strengthening the railway system
The PSMP 2010 recommends revising the tariff structure to recover maintenance costs
and future investment for plant and equipment due to the fact that the current tariff does
not envisage funding for neither appropriate maintenance nor future system expansion.
While the prevailing tariff policy adheres to the cost reflection, it has also been
recommended that the power development surcharge into the power tariff be introduced
for the purpose of funding the development of the power system and/or energy saving
projects. PSMP 2010 recommends to promote private investment and develop an
environment that allows private funding and to create an effective and efficient
competitive power market in order to make the power sector more effective and
efficient
Page | 46
The aggregated investments for the development of the generation, transmission and
related facilities are found to be at Taka 4.8 trillion (US$ 69.5 billion). The annual
average of the investment amounts to Tk 241 billion (US$ 3.5 billion).
The government fully recognizes the fact that public sector investment alone is not
sufficient to achieve its target and has aimed at mobilizing resources from the private
sector investments. The government has been promoting the development of
infrastructure through the promotion of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) as the policy
to develop public services via private sector investment.
The Master Plan as a whole, requires an annual allocation of Tk 241 billion and the
amount calculated for future availability covers only 51% of the total requirement,
while the remaining 49% has yet to be identified in its funding source. It is imperative
that the funding source needs to be expanded and efforts should be made to increase the
funding volume from each of the funding sources to fill the gap.
In addition to what has been described of the conventional Sources of funds, funding
can be sought to the mechanisms such as Global Environment Facility (GEF) and Clean
Development Mechanism (CDM) established for protection of the global climate.
12.2. Generation, Transmission and Distribution Plans:

12.2.1. Generation Plan:
Power Sector Future Rolling Plan Power is the pre-condition for social and economic
development. But currently consumers cannot be provided with uninterrupted and
quality power supply due to inadequate generation compared to the national demand.
To resolve the present shortfall and to meet the increasing demand for electricity, the
government has taken an initiative to increase generation (installed) capacity to 13735
MW by 2015. For this reason installation of new power plants and the maintenance of
the old power plants has been given highest priority.
 Calendar Year Wise Projects Completion (From 2010 to 2015)
YEAR 2010
(April- 2011 (MW) 2012 (MW) 2013 (MW) 2014 (MW) 2015 (MW) TOTAL
Dec.) (MW)
(MW)
Generation
Addition 792 920 2269 1675 1170 2600 9426
The above capacity addition excludes the first track rental (quick rental) project (1000-1200
MW) which have been undertaken recently and would be connected to the grid within 3 –9
months.
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 New Generation Plan up to FY 2015
The existing PSMP was finalized in 2005 and the demand growth and the generation
capacity are based on the demand and supply projection of that period which is shown
in graph below. Due to the government new initiative generation addition scenario
will be changed. A substantial increase in generation will take place within next 4-5
years. As a result demand supply gap will be minimized. It is expected that the
country will be free from load shedding within 2012.
12.2.2. Transmission Plan:

Power Grid Company of Bangladesh Ltd. (PGCB) is responsible for operation,
maintenance and development of transmission system all over the country. Presently
power generated in various power plants in Bangladesh is transmitted to the national
grid through 230 kV and 132 kV transmission lines. In 1996 when PGCB was formed,
the total lengths of 230 kV and 132 kV line was 8,500 ckt km. In June, 2013 length of
230 kV and 132 kV transmission lines stood at 9,250 ckt km.
The total length of the OPGW installed in the transmission line from 1996 to June,
2007 was 2200 km. This has been increased to 4300 km up to June, 2013 after
completing the NLDC project. This shows that the major parts of the country are
covered by the PGCB optical fiber network.
 Transmission Projects of PGCB
Govt. has undertaken a massive plan to strengthen the transmission system and
fulfill the future demand of electricity with the aim of reaching electricity to all by
2020.
 Planned Project

DPP submitted to Planning
1 400/230/132 Network Development project
commission
Enhancement of Capacity of Grid Substations and
2 DPP under preparation
3 Ashuganj-Bhulta 400 kV Transmission line PQ tender under evaluation.
F/S is going on by WB
Aminbazar-Maowa -Mongla 400 kV & Mongla -Khulna(S)
4 finance. Draft F/S report
230 kV Transmission line (NG3)
submitted.
5 Anowara - Meghnaghat 400 kV Transmission line (NG4) finance. Draft F/S report
submitted.
F/S consultant appointment
6 Western region transmission network development project.
under process.
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Rural Transmission Network Development & Renovation
8 DPP under preparation.
Project
Electricity interconnection between Tripura and Eastern
9 PDPP submitted.
Upgradation of Existing Ashuganj-Fenchuganj 132 kV line
10 PDPP submitted.
12.2.3. Distribution Plan:

Because of major reforms, restructuring and corporatization process of Bangladesh
power sector, a number of distribution entities were formed with the objective of
bringing commercial environment including increase of efficiency, accountability and
dynamism with the aim of reaching electricity to all citizens by 2021. At present the
following five organizations are responsible for power-distribution.
In order to increase and improve power generation and customer service with an aim to
bring a greater mass under electrification, major integrated power distribution programs
have been undertaken. Presently the following five organizations are responsible for the
distribution of power:
2. Rural Electrification Board (REB)
3. Dhaka Power Distribution Company (DPDC)
4. Dhaka Electric Supply Company (DESCO)
5. West Zone Power Distribution Company (WZPDC)
Achievements
The government has been extremely successful to enhance and increase the performance
of the distribution entities due to continuous monitoring and evaluation. The distribution
entities have also taken various steps to improve the electricity distribution system,
heighten consumer satisfaction, and decrease the overall system loss.
Distribution Projects
To increase power generation as well as to improve customer service and bring more
people under electrification, integrated power distribution programs have been
undertaken. Up to June 2013, about 141.6 Lac consumers are connected with the grid
through construction of 2,85,101 kilometer distribution lines. Major power distribution
expansion projects of five different entities are mentioned below in Table.
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12.3. Projects:
12.3.1. Power Generation Projects:
 Fast Track Rental Project for Short Duration: Existing power shortage and
demand-growth in future years is a prime concern to government. In irrigation and
summer of 2011 maximum demand supply gap will be 1621 MW. To mitigate
irrigation and summer load of 2011 and 2012 government is taking initiatives for
rental Power Plant on fast track basis. The main features are:
Fast track projects for mitigating irrigation and summer load of 2011
About 400-500 MW Rental to be commissioned by Dec‟2010
About 800 MW Rental to be commissioned by March‟2010
Contract term: 3 – 5 Years
Direct negotiations with reputed rental providers
 Fast Track Rental Project: Probable Locations (As of 31 May’2010)
SL Locations Capacity Fuel Expected Comm. Dates

1. Khulna 55 HSD July-August‟ 2010
2. Ghorasal 145 HSD July-August‟ 2010
3 Siddhirgonj 100 HSD Sep‟ 2010
4 Madanganj 102 HFO March‟ 2011
5. Keranigonj 100 HFO March‟ 2011
6. Meghnaghat 100 HFO March‟ 2011
7. Khulna 115 HFO March‟ 2011
8. Gazipur 100 HFO March‟ 2011
9. Kadda 100 HFO March‟ 2011
10. Julda 100 HFO March‟ 2011
11. Rajshahi 50 HFO March‟ 2011
12. Naapara 40 HFO March‟ 2011
13. Pagla 50 HSD December‟2010
14. Katakhali 50 HSD March‟2011
Total 1207
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12.3.2. Transmission Projects of PGCB:
 Planned Project

DPP submitted to Planning
1 400/230/132 Network Development project
commission
Enhancement of Capacity of Grid Substations and
2 DPP under preparation
3 Ashuganj-Bhulta 400 kV Transmission line PQ tender under evaluation.
Aminbazar-Maowa -Mongla 400 kV & Mongla -Khulna(S)
4 finance. Draft F/S report
230 kV Transmission line (NG3)
submitted.
5 Anowara - Meghnaghat 400 kV Transmission line (NG4) finance. Draft F/S report
submitted.
F/S consultant appointment
6 Western region transmission network development project.
under process.
Rural Transmission Network Development & Renovation
8 DPP under preparation.
Project
Electricity interconnection between Tripura and Eastern
9 PDPP submitted.
Upgradation of Existing Ashuganj-Fenchuganj 132 kV line
10 PDPP submitted.
12.3.3. Power Distribution Project:
 Power System Interface Meter: At present the government has taken massive
measures to reduce system loss and increase customer satisfaction. Under this
project 409 interface meters have been installed at all generating stations throughout
the country and Dhaka distribution zone and transmission network at 230KV,
132KV and 33KV level. All the meters are connected with the main server which is
located at Bidyut Bhaban (13th floor), Dhaka. Energy inflow/outflow, demand,
voltage, current, power factor, meter tempering etc. may be known from the main
server. BPDB, REB, DPDC, DESCO and WZPDC have individual workstation and
can read data at some level. The interface meters have been used as billing meters.
This will be extremely beneficial for the energy auditing system. Operator‟s
performance will also be enhanced significantly and accountability and transparency
will be established in the energy auditing system.
 Remote Area Power Supply System (RAPSS): The government has already
crossed some prominent hurdles in this challenging field. But our country still faces
power shortages and that is the reason the GoB has set a target for providing
electricity to all citizens by 2021. This electrification target is unlikely to be met by
grid expansion alone, as rest of the populations live in remote areas which are far
Page | 51
away from existing grid line and sometimes isolated from the main land.
Considering this overarching goal, the government has identified private sector
participation as an important requirement. Since power system development is
highly capital- intensive, the government encourages private sector investment to
implement RAPSS. Under the RAPSS concept, private investor will be given an
area (the RAPSS Area) for the development, operation and maintenance of the
electricity distribution and retail supply system, including generation as a utility for
a period of 20 years. The government has taken initiatives to establish solar mini-
grid for remote off-grid area under RAPSS where grid expansion is not planned for
the next 15 to 20 years. Our government has also declared fiscal incentives as
enjoyed by Independent Power Producer (IPP).
 Pre-Paid Meter: With an aim to improve operational efficiencies, reduce financial

risks and enhance customer services, BPDB had decided to install nearly 46,000
pre-paid meter in Chittagong, Bogra, Sylhet and Sirajgonj area. DESCO has
installed another 13,547 pre-paid meters in Uttara, Tongi and Gulshan area. The
introduction of pre-paid meters, has reduced system loss and improved power
distribution significantly. Due to the success of the pre-paid meter, the government
has planned to install this system all around the country.
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Chapter-13
ACHIEVEMENTS IN POWER SECTOR
13.1. Short Term (Achievements and Revised Plan):
During January 2011-December 2011, a total of 920MW power was planned to add to
the national grid under the short term plan. Revising the plan, by December 2011 nearly
2194 MW additional electricity is planned to be added by installing 11 public power
plants and 16 private power plants.
Out of this, 425 MW electricity has been added to the national grid by April, 2011. The
plan for power supply and implementation status by December 2011 is outlined in the
following table.
 Implementation Plan of Various Program by 2011:
No Name of the power Installed Ownership Energy Probable Implementation/

plant capacity type time of progress
initiation
Government Sector
1. Fenchuganj 90 MW 105 BPDB gas June, 2011 GT-1 test run going on,
combined cycle power By June, 2011
plant commissioning can be
started
2. Ashujanj 50 MW 53 APSCL gas 30.4.2011 Commercial production
power plant started
Total (public sector) 158
(Jan-June/11)
3. Shiddirganj 105 EGCB Gas July, 2011 Since 18.06.2010
2X120MW peaking 1st unit is not
power plant (1st Unit) functioning due to
4. Faridpur 50 MW 54 BPDB generatorsigned:
Furnace July, 2011 Contract problem
peaking power plant oil 26-04-2010. 83.2 percent
work completed
5 Gopalganj 100 MW 109 BPDB Furnace Aug, 2011 Contract signed:
peaking power plant Oil 26-04-2010. 76.5 percent
work completed
6. Dohazari 100 MW 102 BPDB Gas/ Aug, 2011 Contract signed:
peaking plant Furnace 26-04-2010. 60.11
Oil percent work completed
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7. Hathazari 100 MW 98 BPDB Gas/ September Contract signed:
peaking Plant Furnace , 2011 26-04-2010. 60.0 percent
Oil work completed
8. Bera, Pabna 70 MW 71 BPDB Furnace July, 2011 Contract signed:
peaking power plant Oil 26-04-2010. 71.0 percent
work completed
No Name of the power Installed Ownershi Energy Probable Implementation/

plant capacity p type time of progress
initiation
9. Daudkandi 50 MW 52 BPDB Gas/ July, 2011 Contract signed:
peaking power plant Furnace 13.05.2011. 75.83
oil percent work completed
10. Baghabari 50 MW 52 BPDB Furnace July, 2011 Contract signed:
peaking power plant Oil 13.05.2011. 59.4 percent
work completed
11. Gazipur 50 RPCL6 Gas/ Nov, 2011 Contract signed:
Furnace 24.08.2010. 25.3 percent
oil work completed
(A) Total (government 693
sector)
(July-Dec/12)
(B) Sub-total 851
(government sector)
Private Sector
1. Siddirganj 100 Rental Diesel 17.02.2011 Commercial production
Sponsor: desh energy (BPDB) started
2. Madanganj Sponsor: 102 Rental Furnace 01.04.2011 Contract signed:
Summit power (BPDB) Oil 23.06.2010. commercial
production has started
3. Khulna 115 Rental Furnace 15.05.2011 Contract signed:

Sponsor: KPCL (BPDB) Oil 23.06.2010. 99.0 percent
work
completed. Run on
4. Meghnaghat 100 Rental Furnace 08.05.2011 test
Contract signed:
Sponsor: IEL (BPDB) Oil 30.06.2010. commercial
production has
started
5. Ghorashal 78 Rental Gas 15.05.2011 Contract signed:
Sponsor: Mask Power (BPDB) 27.10.2010. 82.0 percent
work
completed.
Page | 54
No Name of the power Installed Ownershi Energy Probable Implementation/
plant capacity p type time of progress
initiation
6. Noapara 40 Rental Furnace 30.05.201 Contract signed:
Sponsor: KhanJahan (BPDB) Oil 1 25.07.2010. 93.0 percent
Ali work completed.
7. B. Baria 70 Rental Gas 06.03.201 commercial production
Sponsor: Agrico (BPDB) 1 has started
8. Ashuganj 80 Rental Gas 05.06.201 Contract signed:

Sponsor: Agrico (BPDB) 1 23.11.2010. 72.0 percent
work completed
9. Keraniganj 100 Rental Furnace June, 2011 Contract signed:

Sponsor: Power pack (BPDB) Oil 08.07.2010. 72.0 percent
work completed
10. Amnura, 50 Rental Furnace June, 2011 Contract signed:
Chapainawabganj (BPDB) Oil 15.07.2010. 80.0 percent
Sponsor: Sinha Power work completed
11. Siddirganj 100 Rental Furnace June, 2011 Contract signed:
Sponsor: Dutch (BPDB) Oil 01.07.2010. 69.0 percent
Bangla Power work completed
12. Katakhali, Rajshahi 50 Rental Furnace July, 2011 Contract signed:
Sponsor: NPSL (BPDB) Oil 27.07.2010. 55.0 percent
work completed
13. Noapara, Jessore 105 Rental Furnace July, 2011 Contract signed:
(5 years term) (BPDB) Oil 04.02.2010. 84.0 percent
work
14.. Meghnaghat 100 Rental Furnace July, 2011 completed
Contract signed:
Sponsor: HPGL (BPDB) Oil 28.06.2010. 47.0 percent
work completed
15. Julda, Chittagong 100 Rental Furnace Aug, 2011 Contract signed:
Sponsor: Akorn Infra (BPDB) Oil 06.07.2010. 60.0 percent
Services Ltd. work completed
16. Ashuganj Sponsor: 53 Rental Gas 20.05.2011 Contract signed:
United Ashuganj Power (BPDB) 23.12.2010. 80.0 percent
Limited work
completed.
Page | 55
13.2. Medium Term (Revised Plan):
In the medium term, it was planned to set up power plants generating 2269 MW in
2012, 1675 MW in 2013, 1170 MW in 2014, in total 5114 MW. The revised plan is
targeted to generate 2157 MW in 2012, 2674 MW in 2013 (500MW electricity
import),2323 MW in 2014, in totaling 7154 MW. The medium term plan with
implementation progress is given in the following table.
 Implementation of time-bound Plan of Various Program of 2012
No Name of the power Installed Ownershi Types Expected Implementation/Progress

station Capacity p of time for
(MW) energy operation
Public sector
Sylhet 150 MW
Combined Cycle Contract signed: 08-02-
1 Power Plant 150 BPDB Gas January, 2010. Construction work
2012 completed: 50.00%.
Chandpur 150
MW Combined Contract signed: 08-02-
2 Cycle Power Plant 163 BPDB Gas March , 2010 Construction work
2012 completed: 49.50%.
Santahar 50 MW Gas Contract signed: 18-10-
Peaking Power Plant /Furnac March, 2010 Construction work
3 50 BPDB e oil 2012 completed: 23.00%.
Katakhali 50 Gas Contract signed: 18-10-
MW Peaking /Furnac April, 2010. Construction work
4 Power Plant 50 BPDB e oil 2012 completed: 22.75% .
Contract signed: 12-10-
Sirajgong 150 NWPGC Gas / 2010 Construction work
5 MW GT 150 Diesel July, 2012 completed: 17.83%.
No Name of the power Installed Ownership Types Expected Implementation/Progress

station Capacity of time for
Furnace November, Procurement will start soon
7 Chapainawabganj 100 BPDB oil 2012
PDPP8 prepared. Sent to the

Ministry for exploring source
December, of financing.
8 Kaptai Solar 5 BPDB Solar 2012
Page | 56
Gas
Raojan, Chittagong /Furnac Contract signed: 23-03-
6 20 RPCL e oil July, 2012 2011
Private sector
Re-started the
1 Solar 7 9 Solar June, 2012 preparation of revised
IPP PQ10
(BPDB)
IPP (REB) Gas/
2 Tangail 20MW 20 Furnace June, 2012 RFP11 evaluation
oil completed.
IPP (REB) Furnace
3 Chandpur 15 15 oil June, 2012 RFP evaluation completed.
MW
IPP (REB) Furnace
4 Narayangong 30 30 oil June, 2012 RFP evaluation completed.
MW
no Name of the power Installed Ownership Types Expected Implementation/Progress

Santahar 50 MW IPP Furnace July,
Peaking Power Plant (BPDB) oil
5 50 2012 Issued LOI
IPP Furnace
6 Syedpur Power 100 (BPDB) oil July, 2012 Issued LOI
Plant
Jamalpur Peaking IPP Gas/
Power plant (BPDB) Furnace September, Issued LOI on
7 100 oil 2012 07/04/2011
IPP Gas/ Financial evaluation

8 Comilla Peaking 50 (BPDB) Furnace September, completed. Sent to the
Power plant oil 2012 Ministry for approval.
Khulna Peaking IPP Furnace September, Issued LOI on
9 Power plant 100 oil 2012 06/04/2011
(BPDB)
Dhaka
(Aminbazar) 100 Furnace September, RFP evaluation completed.
10 MW Power 100 IPP oil 2012 Sent to the Ministry for
Plant (BPDB) approval.
Page | 57
Dhaka
(Aminbazar) 50 Furnace September, RFP evaluation completed.
Chittagong
(Patenga) 100 Furnace September, Issued LOI on
12 MW Power 100 IPP oil 2012 07/04/2011
Plant (BPDB)
Chittagong
(Mohora) 50 Furnace September, RFP evaluation completed.
Rajshahi
(Iswardi) 100 IPP
14 MW Power 100 (BPDB) Furnace September, Issued LOI on
Plant oil 2012 07/04/2011
no Name of the power Installed Ownership Types Expected Implementation/Progress

Rajshahi (Natore) 50 RFP evaluation completed.
MW Power Plant IPP Furnace September, Sent to the Ministry for
15 50 (BPDB) oil 2012 approval.
Khulna
(Labanchora) IPP Furnace September, Issued LOI on
16 100 MW Power 100 (BPDB) oil 2012 07/04/2011
Plant
IPP RFP evaluation
17 Barisal 50 MW 50 (BPDB) Furnace September, completed. Sent to the
Power Plant oil 2012 Ministry for approval.
Bhola 150-225 IPP
18 MW CCPP (2nd 147 Gas October, Issued LOI
Unit) SC (GT) 2012
Page | 58
 Implementation of Projects on 2013
no Name of the power Capacity Ownership Types of Expected

station (MW) energy time for Implementation/Progress
operation
Public Sector
Ghorashal 200-
300 MW Peaking Gas/ March, Approved by Procurement
1 Power Plant 290 BPDB Diesel 2013 Committee
Khulna 150 NWPGC

2 MW Power 150 Gas/Oil March, Contract will be signed soon
Plant (GT) 2013
Siddhirgonj 450 EGCB Gas December, Tender evaluation
MW Combined 2013 report sent to the World
3 Cycle Power Plant 450 Bank
Final report of
Bhola 150 MW December, feasibility study has been
4 CCPP 150 BPDB Gas 2013 prepared by the Consultants
Private sector
Re-started the preparation of
Electricity from January revised PQ
1 wind mill 100 IPP(BPDB Wind 2013
Savar Peaking ) Gas/
Power Plant, Dhaka IPP Furnace March, Preparation of PQ is
2 100 oil 2013 underway
3 Bibiyana 300- 222 IPP Gas March, Issued LOI12
450 MW CCPP (1st 2013
Unit) (ST)
4 Bibiyana 300- 222 IPP Gas April, 2013 Issued LOI
450 MW CCPP (2nd
Unit) (ST)
5 Meghnaghat 220 IPP Gas/ April, 2013 Issued LOI
300-450 MW (2nd Furnace
Unit) (ST) oil
6 Keranigonj 150- 100 IPP Gas/ June, 2013 Re-tender to be advertised
225 MW CCPP (ST) Furnace soon
oil
Page | 59
7 Modongonj 100 IPP Gas/ June, 2013 RFP evaluation completed.
150-225 MW CCPP Furnace Sent to the Ministry for
(ST) oil approval.
8 Bhola 150-225 70 IPP Gas August, Issued LOI
CCPP (2nd Unit) 2013
(ST)
 List of Different Projects for running year 2014
no Name of the power Capacity Ownership Types Expected Implementation/Progress

station (MW) of time for
energy operation
Public Sector
1 Haripur 360 360 EGCB Gas January,201 Contract signed:09-02-
MW CCPP 4 11
2 Baro Pukuria 250 BPDB Coal June, 2014 Primary survey has been
250-300 MW (3rd done
Unit)
3 Ashugonj 150 150 APSCL Gas June, 2014 Called for tender: 04-
MW CCPP 04-2011
Tender received :05-06-

2011
4 Shikolbaha 150- 150 BPDB Gas/ June, 2014 Primary survey is underway
225 MW CCPP Furnace
oil
5 Bheramara 360 360 NWPGC Gas December, DPP is finalized
MW CCPP 2014
Private Sector
Bibiyana 300-
1 450 MW CCPP (1st 119 March, 2014 Issued LOI
Unit) (ST) IPP Gas
Bibiyana 300- Gas
2 450 MW CCPP (2nd 119 IPP April, 2014 Issued LOI
Unit) (ST)
Meghnaghat Gas/
3 300-450 MW (2nd 115 IPP Furnace April 2014 Issued LOI
Unit) (ST) oil
Keranigonj 150- Gas/
4 225 MW CCPP (ST) 50 IPP Furnace June, 2014 Re-tender, to be advertised
oil soon
Modongonj 150- Gas/ RFP evaluation completed.
225 MW CCPP (ST) IPP Furnace Sent to the Ministry for
5 50 oil June, 2014 approval.
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Sirajgonj 300- RFP received : 10-04-
450 MW CCPP 2011
6 300 IPP Gas June, 2014 RFP evaluation is underway
Chittagong 150- 150 Coal September, Evaluation of financial

300 MW Coal based IPP (Import 2014 proposal is underway
7 projects
Khulna 150-300 150 Coal September, Evaluation of financial
MW Coal based IPP (Import 2014 proposal is underway
8 projects
Page | 61
Chapter 14
CAUSES OF ELECTRICITY CRISIS & POWER CRISIS IN BANGLADESH &
CHALLENGE OF POWER SECTOR DEVELOPMENT
Although the government has taken several initiatives for reducing the crisis of electricity, yet
the crisis persists. This is mainly due to the problems associated with high gas dependency,
improper privatization policy, lack of satisfactory and timely implementation of
allocated money, political reasons and over population.
14.1. High Gas Dependency:
The most important reason at the moment is that the government is unable to ensure the
supply of natural gas, the main primary fuel which is used to produce electricity. The
Shortage of available gas supply creates a struggling situation of electricity generation.
Still, 83 percent of the total electricity used to be generated by natural gas. Many power
plants are idle due to the shortage of gas supply.
This has resulted in the lower generation of electricity. On the other hand, unprecedented
delay in finalizing a coal policy makes it difficult to generate the expected level of
electricity. Government remains silent about the exploration and exploitation of coal,
which is cheaper and safer in generating electricity.
14.2. Improper Privatization Policy:
A good number of generation units in the public sector have become very old and have
been operating at a much reduced capacity. This is why the government largely depends
on rental, quick rental as well as independent power producers (IPP).In April 2010, 40
percent electricity was generated by private sector which has been increased to 44
percent by April 2011. Rental, quick rental and peaking plants were under taken on a
first-track basis to address the nagging power crisis.
But, second hand equipments and machineries are mostly used in such plants, which will
be less efficient and the tariff will ultimately rise. Additionally, many of them are not in a
position to generate electricity till to date. Furthermore, there is a lack of transparency.
Tendering persists in that process. Thus, the establishment and the timely commencing
production of the major segments of the power plant, contracted to be established on the
„quick rental‟ basis in the country are failing gradually.
Thus it is not only causing huge amount of financial loss to the national exchequer but
also increasing the sufferings of the citizen of the country. Moreover, all these quick
rental power plants are on short term basis. Here, the government has to face two types
of challenges. One is the higher subsidy due to the costly quick rental power plants and
the other is the lower production that is expected. The government would be better off
spending money on upgrading the existing power stations.
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14.3. Lack of timely Implementation of Allocated Money:
The government has given highest priority to the development in the power sector
which has been reflected in the allocation of the annual development programme
(ADP). The total allocation in the power sector was Tk. 7145.28 crore for the fiscal
year 2011-12. Over the last few years there was a significant gap between the
allocation and the implementation of ADP in the power sector. Considering the last
fiscal year, it has been observed that only 29 percent of the allocated ADP had been
implemented during the first eight months of that fiscal year.
It means that another 71 percent have to be implemented within the next four months of
that fiscal year. When a huge amount of allocated money is required to implement,
there exist corruptions. That is why the lack of timely implementation has reduced the
proper development in the sector of electricity, in fact, in the generation of electricity.
14.4. Political Reason:
In Bangladesh, the governments come and go and the issue of electricity remains a
struggling one. The politicians are very much interested in covering a lot of areas without
thinking the existing generation in order to win the mind of the voters.
This may bear information about the huge coverage of the electricity but in reality, it
creates crisis. This type of politics makes the crisis more acute.
There has been an increase in the demand for electricity in the recent years as a result of
industrial development and population growth. One of the common matters in the
country is over population, which creates a lot of problem in the various development
sectors. More population means more consumption of electricity.
Population is increasing but the generation of electricity is not increasing as required.

After all, there is an improvement in the life style of the citizen in the country. With the
improvement of the people‟s life standard, the demand for electricity has also increased.
As the generation has increased with a slower rate than that of the demand for electricity,
the crisis of electricity is on the rise.
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14.5. Challenges of Power Sector Development
According to plan, in order to implement different projects in power sector, multifaceted

challenges are being met. To face these challenges, lots of changes have been brought in the
existing policies and strategies including enacting new laws and amending existing ones.
Despite these steps, to face the remaining challenges, appropriate and transparent steps
will have to be taken quickly. Major challenges are
mentioned below:
 Supply of Primary Fuel

1. Exploration and enhancement of production of gas. Supply of 60 percent of gas
produced to power sector
2. Extraction of coal from domestic sources
3. Import of coal and construction of related infrastructure
4. Import of LNG
 Transportation of Fuel
-Development of infrastructure relating to water-ways and railways
 Financing Projects
1. Ensure financing of government and private projects.
2. Mobilize foreign investment and foreign exchange
 Preparation and Management of Contracts

1. Train up efficient manpower on preparation and contract management
2. Reduction of project implementation period.
 Procurement System
-Shorten the process of tendering and its approval
 Adjustment/Coordination
-Co-ordinate between power savings and efficient use of power
Page | 64
Chapter 15
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Providing access to affordable and reliable electricity to all citizens by 2021 is a befitting
national goal of the government of Bangladesh. Despite considerable trust on reducing the
gap between the demand and supply of electricity, a significant number of people still do not
have access to electricity.
However, 49 percent of its population has access to electricity. Therefore, it might be quite
ambitious to provide affordable electricity to all by 2021. Nonetheless, achieving such target
within the time limit is a fundamental challenge of the country without which, international
experience suggests, the human development, economic and employment goals of the
government may be hindered, where the gap between the demand and generation of
electricity is going on. Moreover, it might be quite difficult to achieve the target if the
government does not give top priority on the regarding issue.
Over the years, the installed capacity has been increased with a decreasing rate as compared
to the year 2005-07. The similar result is also found in case of the generation of electricity. It
is also found that the increasing rate of generation capacity is lower than that of the installed
capacity. Therefore, this higher increasing rate of demand for electricity over generation has
resulted in the higher rate of load shedding that has been increase with an annual rate of 6.72
percent at the same time period (2007-2011).
The demand for electricity is not equally distributed according to different zones. In the east
zone, the demand for electricity has increased more than double (18.3 percent) compared to
west zone (9.1 percent) between 2000-01 and 2008-09. The consumption patterns of
electricity by different categories also differ. The relationship between the supply of
electricity and GDP growth is positive and significant. A decreasing rate in the electricity
generation has resulted in the lower GDP growth.
To achieve the target of electricity supply to all by 2021, the government should have a look
to ensure the proper implementation of the allocated money in the regarding sector. Ensuring
good governance is also required. Separate allocation for the maintenance and modernization
of age old power plants is urgently needed. Due to the shortage of gas, the other primary fuel
for generating electricity that is coal, offers a safer and cheaper prospects. However, the
debate about the method of mining coal makes the problem thorny. In addition, the time that
would be inevitably needed to exploit and to use the plentiful coal deposit will create an
unacceptable time-gap in solving the power crisis with desirable speed.
It is pertinent to mention that theoretically, many of the strategic documents and policy
papers are sound and seems implementable, but in reality, fails to do so because of poor
implementation rate of allocated money, corruption, lack of funds, poor monitoring and
evaluation and so on.
Page | 65
The government needs to be creative in renewing and revising strategic approaches to reduce
the power crisis. Therefore, provisions must be formulated for programme evaluation and
also for understanding the impacts of programs. Findings are needed to be scientifically
utilized in developing suitable programs addressing the case reducing the crisis of electricity
in Bangladesh. Otherwise, the target of ensuring electricity to all by 2021 may remain an
elusive and a distant dream.
Page | 66
REFERENCE
[1] ELECTRICITY SCENARIO IN BANGLADESH

November 2011
Author
K. M. Mustafizur Rahman
[2] AN OVERVIEW OF POWER SECTOR OF BANGLADESH

November, 2011
Bangladesh Power Development Board
[3] PERSPECTIVE PLAN OF BANGLADESH 2010-2021

MAKING VISION 2021 A REALITY
General Economics Division
Planning Commission
Government of the People‟s Republic of Bangladesh
April 2012
[4] POWER AND ENERGY SECTOR

Road Map : An Update
June 2011
Finance Division, Ministry of Finance
Government of People‟s Republic of Bangladesh
website: www.mof.gov.bd| email: info@finance.gov.bd
[5] PRESENT POWER SCENARIO ANDFUTURE PLAN

January, 2011
Bangladesh Power Development Board
[6] SIMULATED ENERGY SCENARIOS OF THE POWER SECTOR IN BANGLADESH

Md. Kamrul Alam
Abul Hasnat Rubel
[7] POWER PLANT ENGINEERING

By Nagpal.
[8] WEBSITES:
WWW.POWERCELL.GOV.BD
HTTPS://WWW.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/
HTTP://WWW.BPDB.GOV.BD/
HTTP://WWW.POWERDIVISION.GOV.BD/
Page | 67
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Power Scenario Of Bangladesh: A Brief Discussion On Power Sector Of

Technical Report · February 2015

Humayun Rashid Md. Arif Hossain

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Faculty of Science & Engineering

International Islamic University Chittagong

This thesis report is submitted to the Department of Electrical & Electronic

Humayun Rashid Jubair Islam

Sashwata Guha Mostafa Tanim Kowsar

Mostafa Nayan Md. Arif Hossain

Md. Nur Kabir

Faculty of Science & Engineering

International Islamic University Chittagong

This thesis is dedicated to our beloved parents.

We express our gratitude, sincere appreciation and profound respect to the

Power sector of Bangladesh is a challenging sector and development of power

Acknowledgement ................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Chapter 1: .............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

INTRODUCTION................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.2 Objectives of this research…………………………………………….….2

1.3 Research methodology……………………………………………………2

INTRODUCTION TO POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION

2.2 Methods of generating electricity…………………………………………4

2.3 Power transmission………………………………………………….…….5

AN OVERVIEW OF POWER PLANT………………………………………6

3.2 Types of Power plant……………………………………………….…….6

3.3 Requirement for Power plant Design…………………………….………7

3.4 Principle of Power plant design …………………………………...…….7

PRESENT STRUCTURE OF POWER SECTOR ………………………….8

4.2 The Bangladesh Energy Regulatory ........................................................... 8

4.3 Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB)………………………..9

4.4 Ashuganj Power Station.............................................................................. 9

4.5 Electricity Generation company Of Bangladesh ...................................... 10

4.6 North-West Power Generation Company ................................................. 10

4.7 Rural Power Company Limited…………………………………………10

4.8 Power Grid Company Of Bangladesh …………………………………11

4.9 Dhaka Power Distribution Company (DPDC) …………………………..11

4.10 DESCO Power Distribution Company…………………………..……12

4.11 WEST ZONE POWER DISTRIBUTION COMPANY………………..12

4.12 Bangladesh Rural Electrification Board………………………………13

PRESENT POWER SITUATION OF BANGLADESH……..…..…..…….14

5.2 Generation Capacity (July, 2014)………………………………………14

5.3 Present Generation Capacity (November, 2013)………………………14

5.4 Year wise Maximum Power Generation……………………………….15

5.5 Demand in Banglaedsh…………………………………………………15

5.6 Installed Capacity of BPDB Power Plants as on November 2014 ……...16

LIST OF POWER STATIONS IN BANGLADESH………...……….….…17

6.2 Oil and Gas fired Thermal……………………………………….……..17

6.3 Gas turbines……………………………………………………….…….17

6.4 Gas engines………………………………………………………….…..18

MAJOR POWER PLANTS OF BANGLADESH………………………….19

7.1 Karnafuli Hydro Power Station………………………………….……..19

RENEWABLE ENERGY IN BANGLADESH…………………………………….25

8.1 Renewable energy………………………………………………………25

8.1.1 Solar Power Projects……………………………………………...26

8.1.2 Wind Power Projects……………………………………………...29

8.1.4 Demand in Banglaedsh……………………………………………30

8.1.5 Micro/Mini Hydro Projects…………………………………….…30

8.2 Energy Efficiency Measures……………………………………………30

POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION IN