操作规程 Operating Manual: Rev. Description Degn Chkd Revd Appd Date

操作规程
OPERATING MANUAL
硫回收装置
SRU (03312)
0 IFC (Issue For Review)
REV. DESCRIPTION DEGN CHKD REVD APPD DATE
NATIONAL REFINERY LIMITED ATU DES. DETAIL DESIG

KARACHI - PAKISTAN UNIT NO. (03312) STAGE N
CHINA NATIONAL CHEMICAL

ENGINEERING NO.7 CONSTRUCTION DRAW NO. 14089-03312-A-620
COMPANYLIMITED
PROJ. NRL ISBL UPGRADATION PROJECT

(14089) SHEET 1 OF 310
(PROJ. NO.)
Copyrights of this table are reserved by CC-7, any information contained herein, without prior written permit of CC-7, shall be neither copied or(2P66)
disclosed to any third party in any form, nor applied completely or partially in any form for any other purposes than the intended project.
PROJ ECT (PROJECT. NO.) NRL ISBL UPGRADATION PROJECT (14089)
CLIENT : NATIONAL REFINERY LIMITED - KARACHI - PAKISTAN
UNIT NO. SRU(03312) DESIGN STAGE DETAIL DESIGN SHEET
DRAWING NO. 14089-03312-A-620 Rev. 0 2of310
目录
Contents
1 工艺技术规程
PROCESS TECHNICAL MANUAL ................................................................................................ 6
1.1 装置概况
UNIT BRIEF ........................................................................................................................... 6
1.2 工艺指标
PROCESS SPECIFICATION .............................................................................................. 16
2 操作指南
OPERATING INSTRUCTION ...................................................................................................... 34
2.1 操作原则
OPERATING PRINCIPLE.................................................................................................... 34
2.2. 操作指南
OPERATING INSTRUCTION .............................................................................................. 34
3 开工规程
STARTUP PROCEDURE ............................................................................................................. 53
3.1 开工统筹图
STARTUP NETWORK DIAGRAM....................................................................................... 53
3.2 开工纲要（A级）
STARTUP OUTLINE (GRADE A)........................................................................................ 55
3.3 开工操作（B级）
STARTUP OPERATION (GRADE B) .................................................................................. 55
3.4 开工说明（C级）
STARTUP INSTRUCTIONS (CLASS C) ............................................................................. 95
4 停工规程
SHUTDOWN PROCEDURE ...................................................................................................... 103
4.1 停工统筹图
SHUTDOWN NETWORK DIAGRAM ................................................................................ 103
4.2 停工纲要（A级）
SHUTDOWN OUTLINE (GRADE A) ................................................................................. 105
4.3 停工操作（B级）
SHUTDOWN OPERATION (GRADE B) ........................................................................... 108
4.4 停工说明（C级）
SHUTDOWN INSTRUCTIONS (GRADE C) ..................................................................... 143
5 专用设备操作规程
Copyrights of this table are reserved by CC-7, any information contained herein, without prior written
permit of CC-7, shall be neither copied or disclosed to any third party in any form, nor applied
completely or partially in any form for any other purposes than the intended project.
SPECIAL EQUIPMENT OPERATING SPECIFICATION ........................................................... 145

5.1 钢带成型机
STEEL TAPE FORMING MACHINE ................................................................................. 145
5.2 电机驱动鼓风机312-K01A/B、K02A/B
MOTOR DRIVEN BLOWER 312-K01A/B AND K02A/B ................................................... 152
6 通用设备操作规程
BASIC OPERATING PROCEDURE .......................................................................................... 166
6.1 离心泵的启动与停运
START AND STOP OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS ............................................................. 166
6.2 换热器的投用与停运切除操作
ON-LINE AND OFF-LINE OPERATION OF HEAT EXCHANGER ................................... 172
6.3 空冷器的投用与停运操作
AIR COOLER ON-LINE AND OFF-LINE OPERATION .................................................... 183
7 事故预案处理
ACCIDENT HANDLING PLAN................................................................................................... 189
7.1 事故处理原则
ACCIDENT HANDLING PRINCIPLE................................................................................. 189
7.2 紧急停工方法
EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN METHOD ............................................................................ 189
7.3 事故处理预案
ACCIDENT HANDLING PLAN .......................................................................................... 195
8 操作规定
OPERATING PROVISIONS ........................................................................................................211
8.1 定期工作规定
PROVISIONS OF REGULAR WORK................................................................................ 211
8.2 长期操作规定
LONG-TERM OPERATING PROVISIONS ....................................................................... 222
9 仪表控制系统操作法
INSTRUMENT CONTROL SYSTEM OPERATION METHOD .................................................. 226
9.1 DCS系统概述
OVERVIEW OF DCS SYSTEM ......................................................................................... 226
9.2 主要工艺操作仪表逻辑控制说明及管道仪表流程图（P&ID）
LOGIC CONTROL DESCRIPTION AND PIPING & INSTRUMENT DIAGRAM (P&ID) ... 226
10 安全生产及环境保护
PRODUCTION SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION........................................... 229
10.1 安全规定
SAFETY REGULATIONS .................................................................................................. 229

10.2 本装置历史上发生的主要典型事故、处理方法及教训
HISTORICAL ACCIDENTS OF SIMILAR PLANT ............................................................. 242
10.3 本装置易燃易爆物的安全性质
SAFETY PROPERTY OF INFLAMMABLE AND EXPLOSIVE SUBSTANCES ............... 247
10.4 本装置其他职业病危害知识（粉尘、噪声、高温、射线）
OTHER OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS (DUST, NOISE, HIGH
TEMPERATURE AND RAY) ............................................................................................. 279
10.5 本装置主要有害物、介质（易燃易爆、有毒）的有关性质综述
SAFETY PROPERTY OF INFLAMMABLE, EXPLOSIVE AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES .. 298
10.6 本装置排放的主要污染物及环境保护措施
MAIN POLLUTANTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES ................... 303
11 附录
APPENDIX ................................................................................................................................. 310
Note: This is the first version of Operating Manual, which is used for
commissioning & startup plan design, review and training purpose. Detail
startup procedures, schedules, facilities, etc. mentioned in this manual may be
adjusted and updated as commissioning & startup preparation work goes on.
As-built version will be published after completion of startup.
1 工艺技术规程
PROCESS TECHNICAL MANUAL
1.1 装置概况
Unit Brief
1.1.1 装置简介
Unit Introduction
装置位于巴基斯坦卡拉奇。
The unit is fabricated in Karachi,Pakistan
硫回收装置主要处理来自以下单元的酸性气体：
SRU is used to treat acid gases from the following units:
• 胺处理单元 (ATU - U310)

Amine Treating Unit (ATU - U310)
• 无酚酸水汽提单元 (NP-SWSU - U311)

No-Phenolic Sour Water Stripping Unit (NP-SWSU - U311)
本硫回收装置为液硫生产能力38 吨/天（120％）的单套装置，由以下单元组
成：
The liquid sulfur production of the Sulfur Recovery Unit consisting of one Claus trainis
designed for 38 t/d (120%), containing these parts:
- 制硫工艺单元
Sulfur Production
- 尾气处理单元
Tail Gas Treatment
- 液硫脱气单元
Liquid Sulfur Degassing
装置年操作时间 8424小时
Operating time per year:8424 hour
装置操作弹性 25%~120%
Operating Flexibility25%~120%
1.1.2 工艺原理
Process Principle
1.1.2.1 制硫工艺
Sulfur Product Process
在石油化工企业中一般均采用工艺路线成熟的高温热反应和两级催化反应的
Claus硫回收工艺，根据酸性气中H2S含量不同，通常采用部分燃烧法和分流
法。酸性气浓度较高时采用部分燃烧法；酸性气浓度较低时常采用分流法。
In the sulfur recovery process, High temperature thermal reaction + two-stage catalytic
reaction are used as mature process routes in petrochemical enterprises. In addition,
the partial combustion method and the split-flow method are usually adopted according
to different contents of H2S in acid gases. When the acid gas has a higher H2S
concentration, partial combustion method will be adopted; when the acid gas has a low
H2S concentration, split-flow method is normally adopted.
Claus制硫总的反应可以表示为：
The overall reaction of Claus sulfur production can be expressed as:
2H2S＋O2→2/X Sx2H2O ............................................................................................. (1)
在反应炉内，反应(1)是部分燃烧法的主要反应，反应比率随炉温变化而变化，
炉温越高平衡转化率越高；
In the Thermal Reactor, reaction (1) is the main reaction of the partial combustion
process and its reaction ratio will be changed with the furnace temperature. The higher
urnace temperature, the higher equilibrium conversion rate.
除反应(1)外，还进行以下主反应：
Except for reaction (1), the following primary reactions will also take place:
2H2S＋3O2→2SO2 +2H2O ........................................................................................ (2)
在转化器中发生以下主反应：
The following primary reactions will take place in thereactor:
2H2S＋SO2→3/X Sx＋2H2O ...................................................................................... (3)
由于复杂的酸性气组成，反应炉内可能发生以下副反应：
Because of the composition of complicated acid gases, the following side reactions may
occur in the Thermal Reactor:
2S＋2CO2→COS＋CO＋SO2 ...................................................................................... (4)
CH4＋SO2→COS＋H2O＋H2 ...................................................................................... (5)
2CO2＋3S→2COSSO2 ............................................................................................... (6)
CO＋S→COS .............................................................................................................. (7)
在转化器中除反应(3)外，在300℃以上还发生CS2和COS的水解反应：
Except for reaction (3) appearing in the converters, the hydrolysis reaction of CS2 and
COS will also take place when it is higher than 300℃:
CS2＋2H2O→2H2S＋CO2 ......................................................................................... (8)

COS＋H2O→ H2SCO2 ............................................................................................... (9)
本装置采用部分燃烧法工艺，即全部酸性气进制硫燃烧炉。
Partial combustion method is adopted for this unit, which means that all acid gases are
taken into the thermal reactor.
为提高硫回收率，采取以下措施：
In order to increase the efficiency of sulfur recovery, following measures will be
adopted:
1) 设置在线比值分析仪严格控制燃烧炉的配风。制硫过程气中H2S/SO2越接
近于2，平衡转化率越高，系统中的H2S与SO2比值偏离2:1，对制硫转化
率影响较大，因此在制硫尾气线上设置H2S/SO2在线分析仪严格控制燃烧
炉配风，尽可能提高制硫转化率。
A ratio on-line analyzer will be set to strictly control the air distribution inside the
thermal reactor. Based on stoichiometry, for maximum conversion rate, the
H2S/SO2 molar ratio shall be kept at 2:1 during the whole process. If the H2S/SO2
ratio in the system deviates from 2:1, the sulfur production conversion rate will be
significantly influenced. For this reason, a H2S/SO2 on-line analyzer set on the tail
gas pipe is installed to strictly control the air distribution of the thermal reactor so
that the sulfur production conversion rate could be increased as much as possible.
2) 过程气再热采用一级掺合阀，二级气/气换热的再热方式，避免在线加热炉
的弊端，尽可能获得高的转化率。
In order to avoid the disadvantages of on-line heating furnace, the
high-temp.mixing valve for one stage and gas/gas heat exchange for two
stages will be adopted for the process gas re-heating. It will obtain the conversion
rate as high as possible.
3) 一级转化器装填钛基催化剂，有效提高COS、CS2的水解率，并预防催化
剂硫酸盐化。
The titania-based catalysts shall be charged into the 1st Claus Reactor to
effectively improve the hydrolysis rate of COS and CS2, meanwhile, it will also
prevent the sulfation of the catalyst.
1.1.2.2 尾气处理工艺
Tail gas treatment process
从硫磺回收部分排出的制硫尾气，仍含有少量的H2S、SO2、COS、Sx等有
害物质，直接焚烧后排放达不到规定的环保要求。硫磺回收尾气处理方法主要
有低温克劳斯法、选择氧化法、还原吸收法等。NRL界区内升级项目要求SO2
排放浓度不大于400mg/Nm3，根据目前已有的尾气处理技术，只有采用加氢
还原吸收工艺才能达到以上要求。
Tail gas discharged from the sulfur recovery units contains a small amount of H2S, SO2,
COS, Sx and other hazardous substances. The emissions cannot meet the requirement
of environmental regulations by means of direct incineration. Tail gas treatment
methods mainly include low temperature Claus process, selective oxidation method,
reduction and absorption method etc. NRL ISBL upgrading project requires that the
emission concentration of SO2 shall be lower than 400mg/Nm3. According to the tail gas
treatment technology, only the hydrogenation reduction and absorption technology can
meet the above requirements.
加氢还原吸收工艺是将硫回收尾气中的单质S、SO2、COS和CS2等，在很小
的氢分压和很低的操作压力下，用特殊的尾气处理专用加氢催化剂，将其还原
和水解为H2S，再用醇胺溶液吸收，再生后的醇胺溶液循环使用；吸收了H2S
的富液经再生处理，富H2S气体返回上游硫回收部分制硫，吸收处理后的净化
气经尾气炉焚烧后排放。
When the hydrogenation reduction and absorption technology is used, element S, SO2,
COS and CS2 in the sulfur recovery tail gases will be reduced and hydrolyzed to H2S by
special hydrogenation catalyst for tail gas under a low hydrogen partial pressure and a
low operating pressure. After that, it will be absorbed by the alkanolamine solution. The
regenerated alkanolamine solution will be used circularly. After the rich liquid with H2S
is treated through regeneration, the rich H2S gas will return back to the upstream sulfur
recovery unit to produce sulfur. The purified gas being absorbed will be discharged after
bring burned by the incinerator.
加氢还原吸收尾气处理是目前世界上公认的最彻底的制硫尾气处理工艺，山东
三维石化工程股份有限公司自行开发的“无在线炉硫磺回收及尾气处理工艺”的
原理是尾气加氢——还原——吸收。
The hydrogenation reduction and absorption tail gas treatment process is the most
advantage process of sulfur production tail gas treatment acknowledged in the world.
The “non on-line furnace sulfur recovery and tail gas treatment process” is
self-developed by Sunway Licensor. The principle of above process is tail gas
hydrogenation—restoration—absorption.
“无在线炉硫磺回收及尾气处理工艺”用装置自身热源作为加氢反应器热源，由
外供氢做补充氢源，由于其独特的工艺构思，使该工艺在占地、投资、运行费
用等方面均低于同类国内外技术。
The “non on-line furnace sulfur recovery and tail gas treatment process” uses the heat
source from the unit itself as the heat source of the hydrogenation reactor. The external
supply hydrogen is used as the supplementary hydrogen source. Because of its unique
process designs, the land occupation, investment and operating expenses are lower
than similar technologies in domestic and abroad.
加氢还原尾气处理的基本工艺原理是：
The basic process principle of the hydrogenation reduction tail gas absorption
processing is:
SO2＋3H2 ＝ H2S＋2H2O ........................................................................................ (10)
Sx ＋XH2 ＝XH2S ................................................................................................... (11)
SO2＋3CO ＝ COS+2CO2 ........................................................................................ (12)
S＋CO ＝COS ............................................................................................................ (13)
CO＋H2O ＝ CO2+H2 ............................................................................................. (14)
COS＋H2O ＝ H2S+CO2 ........................................................................................ (15)
溶剂吸收是利用化学吸收剂在非平衡状态下MDEA对H2S的选择性优于CO2。
因质子传递，H2S与MDEA进行的反应几乎是瞬间完成的化学反应：
When solvents are absorbed, MDEA of the chemical absorbent has a better selection to
H2S than CO2 under the non-equilibrium state. Because of the transfer of proton, the
reaction between H2S and MDEA is a chemical reaction which is nearly completed
instantly:
H2S＋R2NCH3 ＝R2NHCH3+ ＋HS- ....................................................................... (16)
由于MDEA是叔胺，没有氢原子附着于氮原子上，因此，只有当CO2与H2O生
成碳酸氢盐后才与MDEA发生反应：
MDEA is a kind of tertiary amine and it has no hydrogen atom attaching to
nitrogen-atoms. Thus, it can only react with MDEA after CO2 and H2O generate
bicarbonate:
CO2＋H2O＝HCO3-＋H+ ......................................................................................... (17)
整个反应如下；
The whole reaction can be expressed as follows:
CO2＋H2O＋R2NCH3＝R2NHCH3+＋HCO3- ........................................................ (18)
生成碳酸氢盐的反应通常被认为是慢反应，在短暂的气液接触过程中，使实际
吸收的CO2低于平衡值。H2S与MDEA的反应是瞬间完成的，CO2与H2O反应
需要一个缓慢的中间过程，因此认为H2S与MDEA的反应是受气相控制，而
CO2与MDEA反应受液相控制。
The bicarbonate-generating reaction is often considered as a slow reaction. In the
transitory gas-liquid contact process, the practically absorbed CO2 is lower than the
equilibrium value. The reaction between H2S and MDEA is instantly completed while
the reaction between CO2 and H2O needs a slow intermediate process. Thus, it is
regarded that the reaction between H2S and MDEA is controlled by the gas phase while
the reaction between CO2 and MDEA is controlled by the liquid phase.
1.1.2.3 液硫脱气工艺
Liquid Sulfur Degassing Process
硫回收部分的冷凝冷却器产出的液态硫磺进入液硫罐，为了避免液硫中溶解的
少量硫化氢在后续工序过程中对环境造成污染，并损害操作人员的健康，需要
对液硫进行脱气处理。
The liquid sulfur produced from the sulfur condenser of the sulfur recovery unit flows
into the liquid sulfur vessel, which contains the small amount of hydrogen sulfide
dissolved in the liquid sulfur, To avoid polluting the environment and causing the
harmful of operators in subsequent handling processes, the liquid sulfur need to be
degassed.
本项目采用空气直接氧化脱气法，该方法是通过特殊设计的液硫脱气塔，塔内
装填催化剂，空气从下部分散注入脱气塔的液硫层，将液硫中溶解的H2S氧化
、吹脱进入气相，送至制硫燃烧炉或尾气焚烧炉。
The degassing process by direct oxidation with air is adopted in this project. The air will
be dispersedly injected to the liquid sulfur layer of the specially-designed liquid sulfur
degassing column with catalyst inside from the bottom. It will oxidize and blow off H2S
dissolved in the liquid sulfur to the gas phase, after the treatment it will be sent to the
thermal reactor or incinerator.
1.1.3 工艺流程说明
Process Description
1.1.3.1 制硫部分
Sulfur Production
自溶剂再生单元310来的的清洁酸性气进入清洁酸性气分液罐（312-V01），
自酸性水汽提单元U311来的含氨酸性气进入含氨酸性气分液罐（312-V02），
分别进行凝液分离。分离后凝液进入酸性水罐（312-V03），用氮气压送出装
置。
The amine acid gas from Amine Treating Unit (unit 310) will flow into the amine acid gas
K.O. drum (312-V01). The SWS acid gas from No-Phenolic Sour Water Stripping Unit
(NP-SWSU -U311) will flow to the SWS acid gas K.O. drum (312-V02) for the
separation of condensation liquid. The condensate flow into the sour water drum
(312-V03) and send out of SRU by the pressure of Nitrogen.
酸性气分液后进入制硫燃烧炉火嘴（312-F01）；在炉内，根据制硫反应需氧
量，通过比值调节严格控制进炉空气量。制硫燃烧炉的配风量是关键，为此在
制硫尾气管道上安装了一台 H2S/SO2 在线比值分析仪，随机分析尾气中
H2S/SO2 比率，并通过反馈信号调节供风管道上的微调阀，使过程气中的
H2S/SO2比率始终趋近2:1，从而获得最高的Claus转化率。
After the sour water is separated, the gas will go to the burner nozzle of the thermal
reactor (312-F01). In the furnace, the flow ratio adjustment will be adopted to strictly
control the quantity of air entering the furnace according to the oxygen demanded by
the sulfur production reaction. The air distribution quantity of the thermal reactor is a key
point. Thus, a H2S/SO2 on-line ratio analysis meter is installed on the sulfur production
tail gas pipelines to analyze the H2S/SO2 ratio in the tail gas randomly. Then the
feedback signal will be used to adjust the micro-metering valve on the air supply
pipeline so that the H2S/SO2 ratio of the process gas can always approach 2:1 and the
highest Claus conversion rate can be obtained.
自制硫燃烧炉（312-F01）排出的高温过程气，进入制硫余热锅炉（312-E01），
用余热发生1.35MPa(G)饱和蒸汽，饱和蒸汽输至尾气处理部分的蒸汽过热器
（312-E08）过热至300℃左右，经减温器降温（312-ME01）至240℃并入中
压蒸汽管网；过程气温度降至320℃进入一级冷凝冷却器（312-E02）冷至160
℃，在一冷管程出口，冷凝下来的液体硫磺与过程气分离，自底部流出进入硫
封罐（312-V04A）。
The high temperature process gas discharged from the thermal reactor (312-F01) will
flow into the sulfur waste heat boiler (312-E01). The waste heat will help produce the
1.35MPa (G) saturated steam which will be transported to the steam super-heater
(312-E08) in the tail gas processing part. It will be heated to 300℃ or so and will be
cooled down to 240℃ by the de-super-heater (312-ME01) and be merged to the
medium-pressure steam piping network. After the temperature of the process gas drops
to 320℃, it will flow into the 1st sulfur condenser (312-E02) to be cooled to 160℃
and will be condensated in the exit of a cooling tube. The liquid sulfur molten sulfur
cooled down will be separated from the process gas and will flow out from the bottom to
the Sulfur seal pot (312-V04A).
一级冷凝冷却器（312-E02）管程出口160℃的过程气，通过高温掺合阀与制
硫燃烧炉中的一部分高温气流混合升温至 248 ℃ 左右进入一级转化器
（312-R01），在催化剂的作用下，过程气中的H2S和SO2转化为元素硫。反
应后的气体温度约为309℃，进入过程气换热器（312-E05）管程，与自二级
冷凝冷却器出来的过程气换热，温度降至255℃后再进入二级冷凝冷却器
（312-E03），过程气冷却至160℃。二冷冷凝下来的液体硫磺，在管程出口
与过程气分离，自底部流出进入硫封罐（312-V04B）。分离后的过程气经过
程气换热器（ 312-E05 ）加热壳程，升温至 220 ℃ 左右进入二级转化器
（312-R02），在催化剂作用下，过程气中剩余的H2S和SO2进一步转化为元
素硫。
The 160℃ process gas in the outlet of the 1st sulfur condenser tube pass will be
mixed with a portion of high temperature gas flow in the sulfur production combustion
furnace by the high-temperature mixing valve. It will be heated up to 248℃ or so and
flow into the 1st claus reactor (312-R01). The H2S and SO2 in the process gas will be
converted to elemental sulfur. The temperature of the gas reacted is about 309 ℃. The
gas will enter into the tube pass of the process gas heat exchanger (312-E05) to
exchange heat with the process gas from the 2nd sulfur condenser It will flow to the 2nd
sulfur condenser (312-E03) after its temperature drops to 255 ℃. The process gas
shall be cooled down to 160℃. The liquid sulfur condensated from the 2nd sulfur
condenser will be separated from the process gas in the outlet of the tube pass. It will
flow from the bottom and enter the Sulfur seal pot (312-V04B). The shell pass of the
process gas separated will be heated to 220℃ or so before it flows to the 2nd claus
reactor (312-R02). In the 2nd claus reactor, the residual H2S and SO2 in the process
gas will be further converted to elemental sulfur.
反应后的过程气进入三级冷凝冷却器（312-E04），温度从242℃左右被冷却
至160℃。三冷冷凝下来的液体硫磺，在管程出口与过程气分离，自底部流出
进入硫封罐（312-V04C）。顶部出来的制硫尾气经尾气分液罐分液（312-V05）
后进入尾气处理部分。
The reacted process gas will enter into the 3rd sulfur condenser (312-E04) and its
temperature will be cooled down from 242℃ to 160℃. The liquid sulfur condensated
from the 3rd sulfur condenser will be separated from the process gas in the outlet of the
tube pass. It will flow from the bottom and enter the Sulfur seal pot (312-V04C). The
sulfur production tail gas flowing from the top will enter into the tail gas treatment after
being separated by the tail gas knock-out drum (312-V05).
一、二、三级冷凝冷却器的余热均通过发生0.4MPa(G)饱和蒸汽加以回收，产
生的饱和蒸汽作为硫磺回收单元的设备、管道伴热，不足部分由装置自产中压
蒸汽经减温减压后补充。
Waste heat from the 1st sulfur condenser, the 2nd sulfur condenser and the 3rd sulfur
condensers can all be recovered by producing the 0.4MPa(G) saturated vapor. The
saturated vapor will be used as the tracing heat of the equipment and the pipelines of
the sulfur recovery units. In case of insufficient, steam with 1.0MPa(G) generated by
SRU will be supplied by after the temperature and pressure reduced.
1.1.3.2 尾气处理部分
Tail Gas Treatment
来自尾气分液罐（312-V05）出口的制硫尾气进入尾气加热器（312-E07）壳
程，经高温烟气加热到300℃左右，混氢后进入加氢反应器（312-R03），在
尾气加氢催化剂的作用下进行加氢、水解反应，使尾气中的SO2、S2、COS
、CS2还原、水解为H2S。
After the SRU tail gas from the outlet of the tail gas knock-out drum (312-V05) flow into
the tail gas heater (312-E07) shell side, it will be heated to about 300 ℃ by the high
temperature flue gas, then it will flow into the hydrogenation reactor (312-R03) after the
hydrogen is added. The hydrogenation and the hydrolysis reactions will be done under
the effects of tail gas hydrogenation catalyst then SO2, S2, COS and CS2 in the tail gas
can be restored and hydrolyze to H2S.
进入加氢反应器的H2量由尾气急冷塔后的在线氢分析仪给出的H2浓度信号进
行调节。
The quantity of H2 entering into the hydrogenation reactor will be adjusted according to
H2 concentration signal given by the on-line hydrogen analyzer behind the tail gas
quench column.
反应后约326℃左右的高温气体进入蒸汽发生器（312-E06）发生0.4MPa(G)
饱和蒸汽，尾气温度降至170℃进入尾气急冷塔（312-C01）下部，与急冷水
逆流接触、水洗冷却至40℃。急冷水用急冷水泵（312-P01）自尾气急冷塔底
部抽出，经急冷水冷却器冷却至40℃后，返尾气急冷塔循环使用。因为温度降
低凝析下来的不平衡急冷水通过塔底液位调节阀送至上游酸性水汽提单元
U311处理。在事故状态下，为了防止设备腐蚀，需在急冷水中注入NH3，以
调节其pH值保持在6～8。
After the reaction, about 326 ℃ high-temperature gas will enter into the steam
generator (312-E06) to generate 0.4MPa (G) saturated vapor. After the temperature of
the tail gas drops to170℃, it will go to the bottom of the tail gas quench column
(312-C01) to contact the quench water counter-current and be washed to 40℃. The
quench water will be pumped out from the bottom of the tail gas quench column by the
quench water pump (312-P01). After being cooled down to 40℃ by the quench water
cooler, the quench water will be returned back to the tail gas quench column for
duty-cycle operations. The condensing unbalanced quench water cause by the
reduction of the temperature will be sent to the upstream sour water stripping unit 311
by the liquid level regulating valve at the bottom of the column. Under the emergency
conditions, in order to prevent the equipment from being corroded, NH3 shall be added
to the quench water to adjust its pH value to 6 or 8.
急冷降温后的尾气自尾气急冷塔（312-C01）顶部至尾气吸收塔（312-C02）
底部，溶剂再生单元U310来贫胺液进入尾气吸收塔上部，贫胺液与尾气逆流
接触，尾气中的H2S被吸收。吸收了H2S的MDEA富液，经富胺液泵（312-P02）
升压后返回溶剂再生单元U310处理。
The tail gas after the quench cooling will flow from the top of the tail gas quench column
(312-C01) to the bottom of the tail gas absorber. The lean amine solution from the
Amine treating unit 310 will flow to the upper side of the tail gas absorber (312-C02).
The lean amine solution will contact with the tail gas counter-current and H2S of the tail
gas will be absorbed. The rich MDEA solution with H2S absorbed will return back to the
Amine treating unit 310 after its pressure is increased by the rich amine pump
(312-P02).
自尾气吸收塔塔顶出来的净化尾气，进入尾气焚烧炉（312-F02），在600℃
高温下，将净化尾气中残留的硫化物焚烧生成SO2，剩余的H2和烃类燃烧成
H2O和CO2，焚烧后的高温烟气经过蒸汽过热器（312-E08）和尾气加热器
（312-E07）回收热量后，烟气温度降至300℃左右由烟囱（312-SK01）排入
大气。
The purified tail gas coming from the top of the tail gas absorber will be transferred into
the incinerator (312-F02). The residual sulfide in the tail gas will be burned to SO2 under
the high temperature of 600℃. The residual H2 and the hydrocarbon will be burnt to
H2O and CO2. After the heat of the burnt high temperature flue gas is recovered by the
steam super-heater (312-E08) and the tail gas heater (312-E07), the flue-gas
temperature will drop to about 300℃ and will be discharged into the atmosphere from
the stack (312-SK01).
1.1.3.3 液硫脱气,储存及造粒
Liquid Sulfur Degassing, Storage and Solidification
自制硫部分硫封罐（312-V04）来的液硫自流进入液硫罐（312-V07），通过
液硫脱气泵（312-P03）将液硫送至液硫脱气塔（312-C03）。液硫脱气塔装
有液硫脱气催化剂，气液相混合物经过催化剂床层发生反应，液硫中以多硫化
物形式存在的H2S分解为游离态H2S，其中部分H2S氧化为单质硫，剩余部分
H2S由压缩空气将其吹脱出液相。通过催化剂床层后，气液相混合物在床层上
部空间进行气液分离，含硫气体从罐顶分出，利用自身余压送至制硫燃烧炉
（312-F01），液体硫磺自罐底至硫封罐（312-V04F），然后返回液硫罐。
The liquid sulfur from the sulfur seal pots (312-V04) will flow into the liquid sulfur vessel
(312-V07) by gravity. Then it will be delivered to the liquid sulfur degassing column
(312-C03) by the liquid sulfur degassing pump (312-P03). The liquid sulfur degassing
column contains the liquid sulfur degassing catalyst. The gas-liquid mixture will be
reacted with the catalyst bed and the H2S in the form of polysulfide inside the liquid
sulfur will be decomposed into the detached H2S. Among them, some H2S will be
oxidized to elemental sulfur while the remaining H2S is blown by the compressed air
from its liquid phase. After passing the catalyst bed, the gas-liquid phases of the
gas-liquid mixture will be separated in the upper space of the bed and the sulfurous
gas will be discharged from the top of the column. It will be sent to the thermal reactor
(312-F01) by its own residual pressure while the liquid sulfur will flow from the tank
bottom to the sulfur sealing pot (312-V04G) before it returns back to the liquid sulfur
tank.
脱气液硫经液硫提升泵（312-P04）送至液硫储罐（312-S01）贮存。
Degassed liquid sulfur is pumped by lifting sulfur pump (312-P04) to sulfur storage tank
(312-S01) for storage.
贮存于312-S01的液硫经液硫泵（312-P07）送至硫磺造粒装置（312-ME10）
。并在此将硫磺固体造粒成型，提升至料仓贮存并由卡车装载运出。
Liquid sulfur stored in sulfur storage tank is pumped by liquid sulfur loading pump
(312-P07) to sulfur solidification package (312-ME10). Solid sulfur is granulated, lifted
to silo for storage and loaded with truck.
1.2 工艺指标
Process Specification
1.2.1 原料指标
Raw Material Specification
1.2.1.1 酸性气规格
Specification of Acid Gas
表 1-1 原料气规格
Table1-1 specification of raw material
Phase 1 ACID GAS FROM U310 ACID GAS FROM U311
RE-BALANCE （FEED GAS 1）（FEED GAS 2）
质量流量 Mass Flow Rate kg/h 1417.33 57.20
组份 Components kg/h mol% kg/h mol%
H2O 52.91 6.81 7.93 20.27
H2 0.20 0.23 0.12 2.76
H2S 1361.24 92.71 40.93 55.38
CH4 0.70 0.1 0.31 0.91
C2H4 0.11 0.01
C2H6 1.02 0.08 0.60 0.91
C3H8 1.09 0.06
i-C4H10 0.00 2 ppOP
n-C4H10 0.00 2 ppOP
NH3 0.06 78ppOP 7.31 19.77
1.2.1.2 贫胺液规格
Specification of Lean Amine
表1-2 贫胺液规格
Table1-2 specification of lean amine
Phase 1 LEAN AMINE FROM ATU(U310)
Phase 1 LEAN AMINE FROM ATU(U310)

组份 COMPONENT Wt%
Water 59.95
MDEA 39.99
Hydrogen Sulphide 632 wt-ppm
Nitrogen 7.2 wt-ppm
C6+ 0.9 wt-ppm
Moles of H2S per mole of MDEA at 135 ˚F （57.2℃）is 0.01 maximum （1143 wt-ppm）
1.2.1.3 燃料气及还原气
Specification of Fuel Gas and Reducing Gas
表1-3 燃料气及还原气
Table1-3 specification of fuel gas and reducing gas
燃料气(A 工况) 燃料气(B 工况) 还原气（氢气）
Fuel Gas
Type Fuel Gas （Condition B） Reducing Gas （Hydrogen）
（Condition A）
压力 Pressure(MPa（G）)
操作 Operating 0.311~0.415 0.311~0.415 2.17/2.41
设计 Design 0.6/FV 0.6/FV 2.83
温度 Temperature(°C)
操作最小/正常/最大
25.6~45 25.6~45 45
Operating, min/norm/max
设计 Design 122 122 85
组成, Composition% vol
H2O Sat. Sat.
H2S 100ppOP 100ppOP
H2 83.3 79.19~65.87 >99.9
C1 6.54 9.84~14.98
C2 5.33 6.13~10.10
C3 3.75 3.54~6.42
i-C4 0.68 0.65~1.29
n-C4 0.09 0.67~1.33
CO <1ppm
CO+CO2 <10ppm
NH3 100ppOP
1.2.1.4 工艺介质操作条件及设计条件
Operation and Design Condition of Process Media
表1-4 工艺介质操作条件及设计条件
Table1-4 operation and design condition of process media
OPERATING CONDITIONS DESIGN CONDITIONS
操作条件设计条件
压力 PRESS. 温度 TEMP. 压力 PRESS. 温度 TEMP.
FEED TO UNIT
MPaG ℃ MpaG ℃
Acid Gas from U310(出界区条件) 0.055 48.9 0.35 122
Sour Gas from U311(出界区条件) 0.065 85 0.35 122
Lean Amine From
0.60 57.2 1.61 122
U310(出界区条件)
1.2.2 产品技术指标
Product Specification
1.2.2.1 液体硫磺规格
Specification of Liquid Sulfur
硫磺回收装置的产品为液体硫磺，硫磺产量为13335t/a（120％），硫磺产品
质量满足表1.5的质量指标要求。
The product of SRU is solid sulfur, the output is 13335t/a(120％ condition),and the
quality of sulfur products meet the requirements of Table 1-5
表 1-5 液体硫磺规格
Table1-3 specification of liquid sulfur
Purity 纯度 99.8 wt.% Min
Hydrocarbon 烃 0.05 wt% Max
Moisture 水分 0.08 wt.% Max
Dissolved H2S in liquid Sulfur
≤10 ppm wt
液硫中 H2S 残留量
Ash 灰分 ≤100 ppm wt
Organic 有机质 ≤500 ppm wt
Colour in solid state 固态颜色 Bright yellow
1.2.2.2 技术指标
Technical Indicators
1) 装置能力保证38t/d硫磺（120%工况下）。
1） The unit capacity is guaranteed as 38t/d sulfur (under 120% working condition);
2) 吸收所需贫胺液由310单元提供，吸收后富胺液经泵送回310单元再生，再
生后酸性气返回SRU处理。急冷酸水经泵送至311单元，汽提后酸性气返
回SRU处理。在此基础上，总硫回收率不低于99.9%。
2） Lean amine solution needed by the absorption will be provided by 310 unit and the
rich amine solution after absorbing will be sent back to unit 310 for regeneration by
pump. After that, the acid gas will return back to SRU for processing. The quench
sour water will be delivered to Unit 311 by pump. After the steam stripping, the acid
gas will return to SRU treatment. On the above basis, the total sulfur recovery rate
should not be lower than 99.9%.
3) 液硫纯度不低于99.8%，液硫中H2S含量不高于10ppmwt。
3） e purity of liquid sulfur should not be lower than 99.8%, and H2S in the liquid sulfur
should not be higher than 10 ppm(wt);
4) 尾气排放时SO2浓度不超过400mg/Nm3。
4） The concentration of SO2 in the discharge tail gas shall be lower than 400mg/Nm3;
5) 催化剂及装置运行保证3年运行周期。
5） The lifetime of catalyst shall be used for 3 years operation cycle.
1.2.2.3 排放指标
Emissions Composition
三废排放满足项目所在地标准（S.R.O.549（I）/2000）
Effluentdischarge shall follow Pakistan local standard（S.R.O.549（I）/2000）
废气：
Waste gas：
二氧化硫≤400mg/Nm3；
SO2≤400mg/Nm3；
排放高度65m
Height of emission65m
1.2.3 公用工程规格
Utilities Specification
1.2.3.1 电
Electricity
表 1-6 供电规格
Table1-6 specification of electricity
型式 TYPE 电压 Volt 相 Phase 频率(Hz) Frequency(Hz)
一般 General
外部提供 External supply 11000 3 50
主要分布 Main distribution 11000 3 50
电机 Motors
＜0.5Kw 220V AC 1+N 50
0.5~150Kw 380 3 50
＞ 150Kw 6000 3 50
照明 Lighting 220V AC 1+N 50
仪表 Instrumentation 220V AC 50
电磁阀 Solenoid Valves 24V DC
就地紧急照明 Field Emergency Lighting 220V AC 1+N 50
S/S 紧急照明 110V DC
S/S Emergency Lighting
1.2.3.2 蒸汽
Steam
表 1-7 蒸汽规格
Table1-7 specification of steam
型式高压蒸汽中压蒸汽低压蒸汽
Type HP Steam MP Steam LP Steam
分类最大正常最小最大正常最小最大正常最小
Status Max Norm Min Max Norm Min Max Norm Min
压力 Pressure (MPa（G）)
操作 Operating 2.137 1.965 1.724 1.137 1.034 0.965 0.276 0.241 0.207
设计 Design 2.4 1.3 0.45
温度 Temperature (°C)
操作 Operating 385 369 343 240 220 204 170 150 140
设计 Design 415 270 200
蒸汽污垢热阻：0.000088 m2K/W
1.2.3.2 去离子水、锅炉给水、蒸汽凝液
Demineralised Water，Boiler Feed Water and Steam Condensate
表 1-8 软化水规格
Table1-8 specification of soft water
型式锅炉给水中压蒸汽凝液低压蒸汽凝液去离子水
Type Boiler feed water MP condensate LP Condensate Demin. Water
操作 Operating 3.0 0.207 0.124 1.526
设计 Design 5.5 1.3 0.45
操作 Operating 105 134.48* 124.05* AMB
设计 Design 164 150 140 42
规格参数 Characteristics
Ph (最小, 最大) Ph (min, max) 8.3-10.0 8-9.2 8-9.2 6.2-8.2
电导率 Conductivity, micro mhos/cm 28-70 5-10 5-10 < 10
溶解度 TDS, wt-ppm 4-5 1.7-10 1.7-10 Nil
总硬度 Total hardness(CaCO3), wt-ppm ＜0.2 0.8-2 0.8-2 < 20 ppb
二氧化硅 (SiO2), ppm
铁 Iron, ppm
铜 Copper, ppm
氧气 Oxygen, ppm
磷酸盐 (P2O5), ppm
碳氢化合物 Hydrocarbons, ppm
氯化物 Cl: wt ppm 0.373-0.4 3.5 3.5
*饱和
Saturated
锅炉给水污垢热阻：0.000176 m2K/W
Fouling factor for Boiler Feed Water：0.000176 m2K/W
循环水污垢热阻：0.000352 m2K/W
Fouling factor for Cooling Water：0.000352 m2K/W
1.2.3.3 装置水，冷却水、生活水、消防水
Plant Water, Cooling Water, Potable Water and Fire Water
表 1-9 用水规格
Table1-9 specification of water
型式装置水冷却水生活水消防水
Type Plant water Cooling water Potable water Fire water
操作 Operating 0.558 supply/return 0.34 1.41
0.400/0.207
设计 Design 0.689
操作上水/回水 Operating supply/return AMB 34/ max 45 AMB AMB
设计 Design 42 122 42 42
Metallurgy Killed Carbon Steel
规格参数 Characteristics
PH
总硬度 Total hardness (CaCO3), ppm >100 * >100 >100
型式装置水冷却水生活水消防水

Type Plant water Cooling water Potable water Fire water
总碱度 M Alkalinity, ppm
钙 Calcium, ppm
镁 Magnesium, ppm
钠/钾 Sodium/Potassium ,ppm
硫酸盐 Sulphate (CaCO3), ppm
氯化物 Chloride, ppm 70-100 200/350 70-100 70-100
Silica (SiO2), ppm
TSS, ppm 20-50 20/200 20-50 20-50
COD, ppm
1.2.3.4 压缩空气和惰性气体
Compressed Air and Inert Gas
表 1-10 气体规格
Table1-10 specification of gas
型式装置空气仪表空气氮气
Type Plant air Instrument air Nitrogen
操作 Operating 0.455/0.503/0.75 0.483/0.517/0.75 0.689/0.758/0.827
设计 Design 0.95 0.95 1.05
温度 Temperature(°C)
操作最小/正常/最大 Operating, min/norm/max 7-42 7-42 7-42
设计 Design 45 45 45
露点 Dew point (°C) -40
组成, Composition% vol
N2 Min 99.5
O2 *5 ppm max
CO max 20 vol-ppm
CO2 max 20 vol-ppm
1.2.4 主要操作条件
Main operating conditions
(1) 制硫燃烧
Thermal reactor
过程气出炉温度
Process gas outlet temperature1250℃～1400℃
酸性气入炉压力
Acid gas Pressure 0.055MPa(g)
(2) 制硫余热锅炉
Sulfur waste heat boiler
过程气出口温度
蒸汽温度/压力
Steam temperature/pressure：195.8℃/1.35MPa(g)
(3) 一级冷凝冷却器
1st sulfur condenser
Process gas outlet temperature 150℃～160℃
蒸汽温度/压力
(4) 一级转化器
1st claus reactor
过程气进口/出口温度
Process gas outlet temperature： 220℃～260℃/300℃～320℃
(5) 二级冷凝冷却器
2nd sulfur condenser
Process gas outlet temperature 150℃～160℃
蒸汽温度/压力
(6) 二级转化器
2nd claus reactor
(7) 过程气换热器
Process gas exchange
过程气管程出口温度
Process gas tube outlet temperature 240℃～260℃
过程气壳程出口温度
Process gas shell outlet temperature 220℃～240℃
(8) 三级冷凝冷却器
3rd sulfur condenser
蒸汽温度/压力
Steam temperature/pressure151.1℃/0.4MPa(g)
(9) 加氢反应器
Hydrogenation reactor
混氢量(氢气)
Hydrogen22.4Nm3/h
尾气出口温度
Tail gas outlet temperature 320℃～340℃
(10) 蒸汽发生器
Steam generator
尾气出口温度
Tail gas outlet temperature ～170℃
蒸汽温度/压力
Steam temperature/pressure151.1℃/0.4MPa(g)
(11) 尾气急冷塔
Tail gas quench column
尾气进塔/出塔温度
Tail gas inlet/outlet temperature～170℃/40℃
进塔急冷水流量
Quench water flow～21.011t/h
急冷水进口/出口温度
Quench water inlet/outlet temperature：40℃/65℃
酸性水排出量
Sour water flow716kg/h
(12) 尾气吸收塔
Tail gas absorber
贫液入口流量
Lean MDEA flow ～16.608t/h
净化气出口温度
Tail gas outlet temperature40℃
净化气出口压力
Tail gas outlet pressure0.01MPa(g)
(13) 尾气焚烧炉
Incinerator
烟气出炉温度
Flue gas temperature ～650℃
燃料气流量
Fuel gas flow ～87Nm3/h
(14) 蒸汽过热器
Steam superheater
尾气出口温度
Tail gas outlet temperature430℃～470℃
蒸汽温度/压力
Steam temperature/pressure480℃/4.2MPa(g)
(15) 尾气加热器
Tail gas heater
尾气管程出口温度
Tail gas tube inlet temperature 270℃～330℃
尾气壳程出口温度
Tail gas shell outlet temperature280℃～300℃
(16) 烟囱
Stack
排烟温度
Flue gas temperature 270℃～330℃
1.2.5 原材料指标、公用工程消耗及能耗指标
Consumption of Raw Material ，Utilities and Energy
1.2.5.1 催化剂和化学品
Specification of Catalyst and Chemicals
催化剂由全厂供应部门统一购买。附表中为典型的催化剂规格，最终催化剂规
格由详细设计厂家提供。
The catalyst is purchased by the plant supply department. The following table is typical
catalyst specification, and the finial catalyst specification will be supplied by vendor.
表 1-11 催化剂耗量表
Table1-11 consumption of catalyst
一次装入量(m³) 平均寿命（年）
序号 No. 名称 Name
Loading quantity per time (m³) Average time (year)
普通制硫催化剂
1 6.3 4年
Common sulfur production catalyst
2 钛基制硫催化剂 7.0 4年
一次装入量(m³) 平均寿命（年）
序号 No. 名称 Name
Loading quantity per time (m³) Average time (year)
Ti-based sulfur production catalyst
尾气加氢催化剂
3 4.7 5年
Tail gas hydrogenation catalyst
液硫脱气催化剂
4 2.0 4年
Liquid sulfur degassing catalyst
表 1-12 制硫催化剂规格
Table1-12 specification of typical sulfur production catalyst
项目 Items 质量指标 Quality index
普通制硫催化剂钛基制硫催化剂
型号 Type
Common sulfur production catalyst Ti-based sulfur production catalyst
化学组成%(W) TiO2+活性组分≥85
Al2O3≥90
Chemical constitution %(W) TiO2+ Active component≥85
物理性质 Physical property
外观 Appearance 白色球形 White spherical 白色条形 White strip-type
规格 Specificationmm Ф4-6 Ф4±0.5×5-20
2
比表面积 Specific surface aream /g ≥300 ≥100
堆密度 Bulk densityg/cm
3 0.65～0.72 0.9～1.05
≥140 ≥120N/cm
强度 StrengthN/粒 N/Grain
≤0.5 ≤0.5
磨损率 Abrasion rate%(w)
表 1-13 尾气加氢催化剂物性
Table1-13 specification of typical tail gas hydrogenation catalyst
项目 Items 单位 Unit 指标 Index
化学组成 Chemical constitution
MoO3 %（m/m） ≥10
CoO %（m/m） ≥2.5
外观 Appearance 兰灰色三叶草（条）Blue grey clover (strip)
规格 Specification mm Φ3×5～10
2
m /g ≥200
比表面积 Specific surface area
ml/g ≥0.35
孔容 Pore volume g/cm
3
堆密度 Bulk density 0.60～0.70
N/cm ≥120
径向强度 Radial strength
表 1-14 液硫脱气催化剂物性
Table1-14 specification of typical liquid sulfur degassing catalyst
项目 Items 质量指标 Quality index
化学组成 Chemical constitution％(wt)，Al2O3 ＞90
外观 Appearance 土红褐色小球 Earthy red brown globule
规格 Specificationmm Φ4～6
2 ≤20
比表面积 Specific surface aream /g
堆密度 Bulk densityg/cm
3 0.70～0.82
强度 StrengthN/粒 N/Grain ＞130
磨损率 Abrasion rate%(w) ＜0.5
1.2.5.2 溶剂
Solvent
硫回收装置尾气处理部分所需甲基二乙醇胺(MDEA)贫溶液溶剂再生单元
U310 装置供给，尾气吸收后的富液返回溶剂再生单元 U310, 需贫胺液
20.76t/h(120%).
The methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) barren solution needed by the tail gas processing
portion of the sulfur recovery unit will be supplied by the solvent regeneration unit U310.
The rich amine solution will return to the solvent regeneration unit U310 after tail gas
absorption. 20.76t/h (120%) of the lean amine solution is needed.
1.2.5.3 气氨
Ammonia
硫回收装置事故工况为了控制急冷塔底急冷水pH 值，需注氨，由液氨钢瓶供
应。
In order to control the pH value of the quench water at the bottom of the quench column
in failure, ammonia shall be injected, and will be supplied by the liquid ammonia
cylinder.
1.2.5.4 磷酸三钠
（Na3PO4·12H2O）
硫回收装置制硫余热锅炉需连续磷酸盐加药，磷酸盐年用量约18t/a，由厂内仓
库供应。
Phosphate need to be continuously added to SRU waste heat boiler. The detail
consumption is about 18t/a, will be supplied by the storehouse.
1.2.5.5 公用物料能量消耗定额和综合能耗
Utilities Consumption Quota and Comprehensive Consumption
1.2.5.5.1 消耗定额(100%工况)
Consumption Quota（100％）
(1) 给水水量见表1-15
Water Supply refer to table 1-15
表 1-15 给水水量表
Table1-15 consumption of water supply
供水 Water Supply (t/h)
序号使用地点循环水去离子水锅炉给水
装置水生活水
No. Location Cooling water Demin. Boiler
Plant water Potable water
supply Water feed water
制硫余热锅炉(312-E01)
1 2.832
Sulfur waste heat boiler
一、三级冷凝冷却器（312-E02、04）
2 st rd 0.655
1 /3 sulfur condenser
二级冷凝冷却器(312-E03)
3 nd 0.235
2 sulfur condenser
蒸汽发生器(312-E06)
4 0.285
Steam generator
减温器（312-ME01）
6 0.173
Steam Desuperheater
减温减压器（312-ME04）
7 0.1
Pressure reducing Desuperheater
供水 Water Supply (t/h)

序号使用地点循环水去离子水锅炉给水
装置水生活水
No. Location Cooling water Demin. Boiler
Plant water Potable water
supply Water feed water
制硫鼓风机（312-K01A/B）
8 ～5
Claus air blower
急冷水冷却器(312-E09)
9 52.5
Quench water cooler
贫胺液冷却器(312-E10)
11 33.5
Lean MDEA cooler
采样冷却器(312-SN17/18/19)
12 ～2
Sample cooler
13 放空筒 Vent vessel(312-V08) 1
14 洗眼器 Eye washer 1*
设备检修冲洗
15 10 * 1*
Equipment Maintenance and Cleaning
1
合计 Total 93 1* 4.28 1*
10*
注：* 设备检修时冲洗设备用； **间断使用。
Note: * for equipment Maintenance and Cleaning; ** Intermittent service
(2) 排水水量见表1-16
Water discharge refer to table 1-16
表 1-16 排水水量表
Table1-16 consumption of water discharge
排水 Water Discharge(t/h)
序号使用地点
循环水含油污水含硫污水锅炉排污
No. Location
Cooling water return Oily sewage Sour sewage Blowdown
制硫鼓风机（312-K01A/B）
1 ～5
Claus air blower
急冷水冷却器(312-E09)
2 52.5
Quench water cooler
贫胺液冷却器(312-E10)
3 33.5
Lean MDEA cooler
采样冷却器(312-SN17/18/19)
4 ～2
Sample cooler
5 放空筒 Vent vessel (312-V08) 1 0.191
6 洗眼器 Eye washer 1*
设备检修冲洗
7 10*
Equipment Maintenance and Cleaning
尾气急冷塔（312-C01）
8 0.716
Tail gas quench column
1
合计 Total 93 0.716 0.191★
11*
注： **间断排出, ★锅炉排污与装置水混合进入含油污水系统。
(3) 用电量见表1-17
Power consumption refer to table 1-17
表 1-17 用电量表
Table1-17 consumption of power
使用地点电压容量 Capacity
序数量 Qty 计算年运转年用
Location Voltage (kW)
号 V Oper. Spare Oper. Spare 负荷时数电量

No. Duties Hours Power
4
(kW) ×10 kWh
制硫鼓风机(312-K01A/B)
1 380 1 1 110 110 94.4 8424 79.5058
Claus air blower
尾气鼓风机(312-K02AB)
2 380 1 1 18.5 18.5 16.6 8424 13.9458
Tail gas blower
急冷水泵（312-P01A/B）
3 380 1 1 15 15 13.5 8424 11.4120
Quench water pump
富胺液泵（312-P02A/B）
4 380 1 1 11 11 10.1 8424 8.4935
Rich amine pump
液硫脱气泵（312-P03A/B）
5 380 1 1 11 11 7.0 8424 5.8847
Degassing sulfur pump
液硫提升泵（312-P04A/B）
6 380 1 1 30 30 16.8 2106 3.5462
Lifting sulfur pump
酸性水泵(312-P05)
7 380 1 5.5 5.1 2106 1.0808
Acid water pump
废胺液泵(312-P06)
8 380 1 5.5 5.1 2106 1.0808
Waste amine pump
液硫输送泵（312-P07A/B）
9 380 1 1 7.5 7.5 6.4 4212 2.7110
Liquid sulfur loading pump
酸性水泵（312-P08A/B/C）
10 380 2 1 11 5.5 10.3 720 0.7390
Acid water loading pump
急冷水过滤器（312-ME01）
11 1 0.36 0.25 8424 0.2106
Quench water filter
贫液过滤器(312-ME02)
12 380 1 0.36 0.25 8424 0.2106
Lean MDEA filter
锅炉加药系统(312-ME06)
13 380 1 1.1 0.77 8424 0.6486
Phosphate system
凝结水回收系统(312-ME06)
14 380 1 5.5 4.2 8424 3.5380
Condensate recovery system
15 照明 Instrument 220 25 25 4212 10.1088
16 仪表 Lighting 380 15 12 8424 10.5300
合计 Total 153.6462
(4) 蒸汽产耗及回收凝结水量见表1-18
Steam and condensate consumption refer to table 1-18
表 1-18 蒸汽产耗及凝结水量表
Table1-18 consumption of steam and condensate
蒸汽耗量
序号使用地点凝结水 condensate (t/h)
Steam consumption(t/h)
No. Location
1.0MPa 0.35MPa 0.3MPa
减温器（312-ME01）
1 -2.870
Steam Desuperheater
一、三级冷凝冷却器（312-E02、04）
2 st rd -0.624
1 /3 sulfur condenser
二级冷凝冷却器(312-E03)
3 nd -0.224
2 sulfur condenser
蒸汽发生器(312-E06)
4 -0.271
Steam generator
减温减压器（312-ME04）
5 1.801 -1.901
Pressure reducing Desuperheater
空气预热器（312-E11）
6 0.02 -0.02
Air preheater
设备及管线夹套
7 ～3 -3
Equipment and pipe jacket
蒸汽耗量
序号使用地点凝结水 condensate (t/h)
Steam consumption(t/h)
No. Location
1.0MPa 0.35MPa 0.3MPa
8 消防用汽 Fire steam 1.0*
开停工用汽
9 1.0*
Start and stop steam
-1.069
合计 Total 0 -3.02
2.0*
注：* 表示间断负荷。
Note: *Intermittent service,
(5) 燃料气耗量见表1-19,
Fuel gas consumption refer to table1-19
表 1-19 燃料气耗量表
Table1-19 consumption of fuel gas
序号 No. 使用地点 Location kg/h t/a 备注
制硫燃烧炉燃烧器(312-F01) 烘炉用
1 ～300
Thermal reactor burner For drying
尾气焚烧炉燃烧器(312-F02)
2 25 210.6
Incinerator burner
合计 Total 25 210.6
(6) 仪表空气耗量见表1-20
Instrument air consumption refer to table 1-20
表 1-20 仪表空气耗量表
Table1-20 consumption of instrument air
Normal
序号 No. 使用地点 Location 3 3 Remarks
Nm /min Nm /h
1 仪表空气 Instrument air 2.5 150
合计 Total 2.5 150
(7) 氮气耗量见表1-21
Nitrogen consumption refer to table 1-21
表 1-21 氮气耗量表
Table1-21 consumption of nitrogen
序号正常量 Normal 最大量 Maximum
使用地点 Location 3 3 Remarks
No. Nm /min Nm /min
液硫罐（312-S01）
1 ～0.2 - 连续 continuous
Sulfur storage tank
泵用干气密封
2 ～0.3
Dry gas seal for pump
燃烧炉冷却风
3 4.25
Cooling air for combustion
燃烧炉炉膛吹扫
4 6* 间断 Intermittent
Purge for combustion chamber
装置吹扫用气
5 - 17 检修时使用 Maintenance
SRU purge
酸性水收集罐（312-V09）
6 0.2* 间断 Intermittent
Acid water collecting vessel
废胺液收集罐（312-V10）
7 0.2* 间断 Intermittent
Waste amine collecting vessel
合计 Total 4.75 17
6.4*
注：*间断使用。
Note: * Intermittent service.
(8) 氢气耗量见表1-22,
Hydrogen consumption refer to table 1-22
表 1-22 氢气耗量表
Table1-22 consumption of hydrogen
Normal
Nm /min Nm /h
加氢反应器(312-R03)
1 0.373 22.4
Hydrogenation reactor
合计 Total 22.4
(9) 装置空气耗量见表1-23,
Plant air consumption refer to table 1-23
表1-23 装置空气耗量表
Table1-23 consumption of plant air
Normal
Nm /min Nm /h
空气预热器(312-E11)
1 0.967 58
Air preheater
地下罐池
2 16.67 1000 间断 Intermittent
Underground vessel pool
燃烧炉冷却风
3 2.25 135
Cooling air for combustion
4 抽空器 Ejector(312-J01AB) 2.5** 150**
合计 Total 343
注：**表示最终用量由厂家确定。
Note：**supplied by vendor.
1.2.5.5.2 综合能耗
综合能耗见表1-24
Comprehensive Consumption refer to table 1-24
表1-24综合能耗表
Table1-24 comprehensive consumption
年消耗量能耗指标
Annual consumption Consumption Index 能耗 Energy
序号项目
能耗折算值 Consumption
No. Item 单位数量单位 4
Equivalent coefficient of primary ×10 MJ
Unit Qty Unit
energy consumption(MJ)
循环水 4
1 ×10 ｔ 78.3432 MJ/t 4.19 328.2580
Cooling water
锅炉给水 4
2 ×10 ｔ 3.6055 MJ/t 385.19 1388.8025
Boiler feed water
装置水 4
3 ×10 ｔ 0.8424 MJ/t 6.28 5.2903
Plant water
含硫污水 4
4 ×10 ｔ 0.6032 MJ/t 46.05 27.7774
Sour sewage
4
5 电 Power ×10 kWh 153.6462 MJ/kWh 10.89 1673.2071
1.0MPa(g)蒸汽 4
6 ×10 ｔ -0.9005 MJ/t 3182 -2865.3910
1.0MPa(g) Steam
凝结水 4
7 ×10 ｔ -2.5440 MJ/t 320.29 -814.8178
Condensate
4
8 燃料气 Fuel gas ×10 ｔ 0.0211 MJ/t 65695.49 1386.1748
仪表空气 4 3 3
9 ×10 Nm 126.36 MJ/Nm 1.59 200.9124
Instrument air
4 3 3
10 氮气 Nitrogen ×10 Nm 240.084 MJ/Nm 6.28 1507.7275
年消耗量能耗指标
Annual consumption Consumption Index 能耗 Energy
序号项目
能耗折算值 Consumption
No. Item 单位数量单位 4
Equivalent coefficient of primary ×10 MJ
Unit Qty Unit
energy consumption(MJ)
装置空气 4 3 3
11 ×10 Nm 288.9432 MJ/Nm 1.17 338.0635
Plant air
合计 Total 3176.0047
1.2.6 装置物料平衡
Material Balance of Unit
表1-25 制硫部分物料平衡表
Table1-25 material balance of sulfur production
数值 Data 备注
序号 Item 物料名称 Material 4
Wt％ kg/h 10 t/a Note
1 入方 In
清洁酸性气
1 1417
Amine Acid Gas
含氨酸性气
2 57
SWS Acid Gas
制硫用空气
3 2875
Sulfur production Air
合计 Total 4349
2 出方 Out
硫磺
1 1319
Sulfur
制硫尾气
2 3030
Tail Gas
合计 Total 4349
表1-26 尾气部分物料平衡表
Table1-25 material balance of tail gas treatment
数值 Data 备注
序号 Item 物料名称 Material 4
Wt ％ kg/h 10 t/a Note
1 入方 In
制硫尾气
1 3030
Tail Gas
空气
2 1160
Air
氢气
3 2
Hydrogen
燃料气
4 25
Fuel Gas
MDEA(贫液)
5 16608
Lean MDEA
合计 Total 20825
2 出方 Out
排放废气
1 3433
Flue Gas
MDEA(富液)
2 16676
Rich MDEA
冷凝污水
（至酸性水汽提装置）
3 716
Blowdown
（To NP SWSU）
合计 Total 20825
2 操作指南
OPERATING INSTRUCTION
2.1 操作原则
Operating Principle
控制好制硫燃烧炉F01配风比，保证转化器、尾气加氢平稳操作，保证硫磺质
量合格，尾气SO2排放达标。
Control the gas mixing ratio of the combustion furnace for sulfur production (F01) and
ensure the Claus reactor and tail gas hydrogenation runs stable, the acceptable quality
of sulfur and the up-to-standard emission of tail gas SO2.
2.2. 操作指南
Operating Instruction
2.2.1 制硫燃烧炉（312-F01）操作法
Operation Procedure for Combustion Furnace for Sulfur Production
(312-F01)
2.2.1.1 燃烧炉（312-F01）配风比控制
Control of Gas mixing Ratio of Combustion Furnace (312-F01)
控制范围：燃烧炉配风与酸性气的配比根据具体情况控制在1.2～1.7：1.2 ~
1.7.
Control range:Depending on the situation, the mixing ratio of air and sour gas for the
combustion furnace is controlled to be
控制目标：通过控制配风比使转化器出口(H2S+COS)／SO2比率趋近于2
Control target:To ensure the (H2S+COS)/SO2 ratio at the outlet of the Claus reactor is
approximate to 2 by controlling the gas mixing ratio.
相关参数：酸性气入炉流量 312-FI-005A、312-FI-004A、312-FI-008；酸气
中H2S含量、烃含量；
Related parameters:furnace sour gas inflow:312-FI-005A, 312-FI-004A, 312-FI-008;
H2S content and hydrocarbon content of sour gas;
空气入炉流量312-FI-007A/B；
Furnace air inflow: 312-FI-007AB;
控制方式：正常生产如果酸性气量平稳，组成变化较小，且伴烧氢气流量稳定，
则可以计算出配风量，投用自动控制。当酸性气来量波动较大且H2S含量、烃
含量变化较大时，需要手动及时跟踪配风。
Control method:On the premise of steady sour gas flow, small change in composition
and stable flow of co-ignited hydrogen during normal production, calculate the gas
mixing ratio and put the automatic control mode in service.If the sour gas inflow
fluctuates greatly and the H2S content and hydrocarbon content varies largely, manually
track the gas mixing in time.
含氨酸性气
Ammonia-containing
sour gas FI004A
清洁酸性气
Clean sour gas
FI005A
FI008
F01
风机风
Fan air
FI007A
AIC001
FI007B
正常调整：
Normal Adjustment:
表2-1正常调整表
Table 2-1table for normal remedies
影响因素调整方法
Possible Cause Adjustment Method
酸气来量和其组成计算出配风比例，将 312-FIC-007B 投用自动控制空气入炉量。
Sour gas inflow and Calculate the gas mixing ratio and put 312-FIC-007B in service to control air inflow
composition of sour gas automatically ..
异常处理：
Exception Handling:
表2-2异常处理表
Table 2-2 table for handling abnormal situation
影响因素现象调整方法
Possible Cause Phenomena Adjustment Method
入炉风量急剧下降，燃烧炉切除酸气入燃烧炉，直接放火炬，维持炉膛温度，联系仪表
配风调节阀突然失灵温度急剧下降人员排除故障。
Sudden failure of control valve The furnace air inflow, Cut off the supply of sour gas to the combustion furnace,
combustion furnace vent the sour gas to the flare directly, maintain the furnace
for gas mixing
temperature drops temperature and contact the instrument personnel for
sharply. troubleshooting.
酸气入炉带液较多
系统压力升高；炉膛温度降立即到现场将分液罐的水脱净，协调上游岗位平稳操作，如
Excessive liquid entrained with
sour gas in furnace 低果带水较多对燃烧炉影响很大，则应立即切除酸气放火炬，
The system pressure 分液罐脱净水且酸气不带液后，再重新引酸气。
rises. The furnace Go to the site immediately and remove the water from the
temperature drops. knockout drum completely. Coordinate the upstream posts
for steady operation. If the excessive entrained water has
a large impact on the combustion furnace, vent the sour
gas to flare system immediately; after all water is removed
from the knockout drum and the sour gas has no
entrained water, restore the supply of sour gas.
2.2.1.2 燃烧炉（312-F01）温度控制
Temperature Control of Combustion Furnace (312-F01)
控制范围：燃烧炉（312-F01）炉头温度大于1250℃，整个炉膛温度不超过1350
℃。
Control range: The burner temperature of combustion furnace (312-F01) is higher than
1250°C and the furnace temperature is not higher than 1350°C.
控制目标：正常生产中如果酸气流量平稳、组成波动不大，控制好配风，控制
312-F01炉膛温度平稳并在指标范围内
Control target: To ensure the furnace temperature of 312-F01 is steady and control
it within the normal range on the premise of steady sour gas flow and small change in
composition during normal production.
相关参数：酸性气入炉流量：312-FIC-004A；312-FIC-005A；312-FI-008;酸
气中 H2S 含量、烃含量； H2S 在线比值分析 312-AI-001 ，空气入炉流量
312-FI-007A，312-FI-1007B；
Related parameters: Furnace sour gas inflow: 312-FIC-004A, 312-FIC-005A,
312-FI-008; H2S content and hydrocarbon content of sour gas; online H2S ratio analysis:
AI001; furnace air inflow:312- FI-007A, 312-FI-007B.
控制方式：根据酸气流量和H2S在线分析浓度312-AI-001，计算配风流量，通
过312-FIC-007A和312-FIC-007B的开度改变入炉风量，维持炉膛温度。
Control method: Calculate the gas mixing flow based on the sour gas flow and the
online analytical concentration of H2S (312-AI-001), change the furnace air inflow by
adjusting the opening of 312-FIC-007A and 312-FIC-007B, and maintain the furnace
temperature,
含氨酸性气
Ammonia-containing
FI004A
sour gas
清洁酸性气
Clean sour gas
FI005A
FI008
F01
风机风
Fan air
FI007A
AIC001
FI007B
正常操作：
Normal operation:
在正常操作中，燃烧炉膛温度会因为以下因素影响产生波动：
During normal production, the combustion furnace temperature may fluctuate for the
following factors:
表2-3 正常操作表
Table 2-3normal operation table
现象调整方法
影响因素 Possible Cause
Phenomena Adjustment Method
酸性气流量的变化酸性气流量增大适当增加配风量
Change of sour gas flow The sour gas flow increases. Add the gas mixing flow properly.
H2S 在线比值浓度增大
酸性气中 H2S 在线分析浓度的变化
The online ratio 适当增加配风量
Change of online analytical concentration
concentration of H2S Add the gas mixing flow properly.
of H2S in sour gas
increases.
酸气中烃含量的变化烃含量升高 The hydrocarbon
适当增加配风量
Change of hydrocarbon content of sour content increases.
Add the gas mixing flow properly.
gas
入炉酸性气分配不均炉头温度波动调整入炉中部酸性气流量
Non-uniform distribution of sour gas in The burner temperature Adjust the sour gas flow in the middle of
furnace fluctuates. the furnace.
酸性气浓度过低炉头温度下降增加伴烧氢气量
Too low concentration of sour gas The Burner temperature drop Add the co-ignited hydrogen flow.
异常处理：
Exception Handling:
表2-4 异常处理表
Table 2-4 tablefor handling abnormal situation
立即切除酸气入燃烧炉，直接放火炬，维持炉膛温度，联系仪
入炉风量急剧下降，燃烧炉
表人员排除故障。
配风调节阀突然失灵温度急剧下降
Sudden failure of control Cut off the supply of sour gas to the combustion furnace
The furnace air inflow,
immediately, vent the sour gas to the flare directly, maintain
valve for gas mixing combustion furnace
the furnace temperature and contact the instrument
temperature drops sharply.
personnel for troubleshooting.
联系上游装置尽快处理，若严重超高则改放火炬。待问题解决
后，重新引酸性气。
酸性气中烃含量较高燃烧炉温度急剧上升
Contact the upstream unit operator to solve the problem
High content of The combustion furnace
hydrocarbon in sour gas temperature rises sharply. soon. If the temperature is too high, vent the gas to the
flare.After the problem is solved, restore the supply of sour
gas.
立即到现场将分液罐水脱净，协调上游岗位平稳操作，如果带
水严重则应立即切除酸气放火炬，分液罐脱净水且酸性气不带
会造成系统压力升高、炉膛液后再重新引酸性气
酸性气入炉带液较多
温度降低 Go to the scene immediately and remove the water from the
Excessive liquor
The system pressure rises. knockout drum completely. Coordinate the upstream posts for
entrained with sour gas in
The furnace temperature steady operation. If excessive water is entrained, vent the
furnace
drops. sour gas to flare system immediately; after all water is
removed from the knockout drum and the sour gas has no
entrained water, restore the supply of sour gas.
2.2.1.3 制硫炉压力控制
Pressure Control of Sulfur Production Furnace
控制范围：系统压力312-PI-005≤0.055MPa
Control range:System pressure (PI005) is not more than 0.055MPa.
控制目标：控制燃烧炉（312-F01）压力平稳，系统压力≤0.05MPa
Control target:To ensure the pressure of combustion furnace (312-F01) is steady and
control the system pressure within 0.05MPa.
相关参数：酸性气入炉流量：312-FIC-004A；312-FIC-005A；酸气中H2S含
量、烃含量；H2S在线比值分析312-AI-001，空气入炉流量312-FI-007A，
312-FI-007B；
Related parameters:Furnace sour gas inflow: 312-FIC-004A, 312-FIC-005A; H2S
content and hydrocarbon content of sour gas; online H2S ratio analysis: 312-AI-001;
furnace air inflow:312- FI-007A, 312-FI-007B.
控制方式：正常生产时主要是酸性气负荷决定系统压力。
Control method:The principal deciding factor of system pressure is sour gas load
during normal production.
正常调整：
Normal Adjustment:
Table 2-5 table for normal remedies
酸性气流量增大，系统压力升高
酸性气流量的变化增加配风量
The sour gas flow increases. The system
Change of sour gas flow Add the gas mixing flow.
pressure rises.
酸气中 H2S 在线分析浓度的变化 H2S 在线浓度增大，则系统压力升高适当增加配风量
Change of online analytical The online H2S concentration increases. Add the gas mixing flow
concentration of H2S in sour gas The system pressure rises. properly.
酸性气中烃含量的变化烃含量升高，系统压力升高适当增加配风量
Change of hydrocarbon content of The hydrocarbon content increases. The Add the gas mixing flow
sour gas system pressure rises. properly.
异常处理：
Exception Handling:
立即切除酸性气入燃烧炉，直接放火炬，维
入炉风量急剧下降，系统压力急持炉膛温度，联系仪表人员排除故障。
配风调节阀突然失灵 Cut off the supply of sour gas to the
剧下降
Sudden failure of control valve for gas combustion furnace immediately, vent the
mixing The furnace air inflow ,the
sour gas to the flare directly, maintain the
system pressure drops sharply.
furnace temperature and contact the
instrument personnel for troubleshooting.
联系上游装置尽快处理，若严重超高则改放
火炬，待问题解决后，重新引酸性气。
酸性气中烃含量较高系统压力升高 Contact the upstream unit operator to
High content of hydrocarbon in sour gas The system pressure rises. solve the problem soon. If the pressure is
too high, vent the gas to the flare. After
the problem is solved, restore the supply
of sour gas.
立即到现场将分液罐的水脱净，协调上游岗
位平稳操作
酸性气入炉带液较多
系统压力升高 Go to the scene immediately and remove
Excessive liquor entrained with sour gas
The system pressure rises. the water from the knockout drum
in furnace
completely. Coordinate the upstream
posts for steady operation
废热锅炉或三级冷却器内漏系统压力突然升高此时应立即紧急停工
Leakage inside waste heat boiler or The system pressure rises Carry out emergency shutdown
rd
3 -stage cooler suddenly. immediately.
系统压力会持续升高找准部位，尽快排除
系统中有堵塞不畅的地方
The system pressure continues Locate the blocked area and troubleshoot
Blockage areas exist in the system
to rise. soon.
2.2.2 废锅(312-E01)控制
Control of Waste Heat Boiler (312-E01)
2.2.2.1 废锅(312-E01)液位控制
Level Control of Waste Heat Boiler (312-E01)
控制范围：废锅液位312-LIC-005；50±5％
Control range: Waste heat boiler level (312-LIC005): 50±5%.
控制目标：控制废锅（312-E01）液位平稳，液位50±5％
Control target: To ensure the level of waste heat boiler (312-E01) is steady and control
it within 50±5%.
相关参数：系统低压锅炉给水压力，废锅产汽压力312-PIC-009A
Related parameters:System LP boiler feed water pressure and waste heat boiler
steam pressure (312-PIC009A).
控制方式：正常生产时通过控制废锅上水量来控制其液位
Control method:Control the level by controlling the water supply flow of waste heat
boiler during normal production.
中压蒸汽
MP Steam
LV
PV 005
009
锅炉给水
Boiler feedwater
LY
005
LT
005
312-E01
正常调整：
Normal Adjustment:
迅速联系，提高系统水压力，及时补水，避免废锅锅炉
系统低压锅炉给水压力低，上水不及干锅
废锅液位低
Low system LP boiler feed water pressure Contact related personnel soon to increase the
Low boiler level
and untimely water supply system water pressure and replenish water timely and
thus avoid the drying of waste heat boiler.
废锅产汽压力高使上水困难调节 PIC009 使之稳定在 1.3MPa 左右
废锅液位低
Difficulty in water supply due to high waste Adjust PIC009 to stabilize the pressure around
Low boiler level
heat boiler steam pressure 1.3MPa.
异常处理：
Exception Handling:
废锅液位表失灵
以现场液位计为准，控制其液位
Failure of level gauge for waste heat
Control the level with local level gauge.
boiler
废锅上水控制阀失灵现场改用副线控制上水量，立即联系仪表处理问题
Failure of water supply control valve Change to use the local bypass valve to control the water supply flow. Contact
for waste heat boiler the instrument personnel to solve the problem immediately.
2.2.2.2 废锅(312-E01)压力控制
Pressure Control of Waste Heat Boiler (312-E01)
控制范围：废锅压力312-PIC-009A；1.2±0.1MPa
Control range:Waste heat boiler pressure (312-PIC-009A): 1.2±0.1MPa.
控制目标：控制废锅（312-E01）压力平稳，压力1.2±0.1MPa
Control target:To ensure the pressure of waste heat boiler (312-E01) is steady and
control it within 1.2±0.1MPa.
相关参数：系统低压锅炉给水流量，废锅液位，制硫炉312-F01的温度，废锅
出口温度，蒸汽管网压力
Related parameters:System LP boiler feed water flow, waste heat boiler level,
temperature of sulfur production furnace 312-F01, outlet temperature of waste heat
boiler, steam pipe network pressure.
控制方式：正常生产时通过控制废锅排出蒸汽量来控制其压力
Control method:Control the pressure by controlling the exhaust steam flow of waste
heat boiler during normal production.
中压蒸汽
MP Steam
LV
PV 005
009
锅炉给水
Boiler
LY feedwater
005
LT
005
312-E01
正常调整：
Normal Adjustment:
废锅压力高调节制硫炉的配风及废锅上水流量
制硫炉温度高
The waste heat Adjust the gas mixing flow of sulfur production
High temperature of sulfur production
boiler pressure is furnace and the water supply flow of waste heat
furnace
high. boiler.
废锅压力高
废锅上水不及时，液位低调节 LV005 及时上水，控制废锅液位 50±5％
The waste heat
Untimely water supply and low level Adjust LV005 to supply water timely and control
boiler pressure is
of boiler the waste heat boiler level within 50±5%.
high.
异常处理：
Exception Handling:
现场改用付线阀控制排汽量，防止废锅超压，立即联系保运处理
废锅压力控制阀 PV009 故障
Change to use the bypass valve to control the exhaust steam flow
Failure of pressure control valve
and hence prevent the overpressure of waste heat boiler. Contact the
(PV009) for waste heat boiler
maintenance team to solve the problem immediately.
废锅压力显示失灵现场确认，联系仪表处理
Failure of pressure indication Confirm on site and contact the instrument personnel to solve the
of waste heat boiler problem.
2.2.3 一级、二级、三级冷凝冷却器(312-E02、312-E03、312-E04)控制
Control of 1st, 2nd and 3rd-Stage Condenser (312-E02, 312-E03, 312-E04)
2.2.3.1 一级、二级、三级冷凝冷却器(312-E02、312-E03、312-E04)液位控制
Level Control of 1st, 2nd and 3rd-Stage Condenser (312-E02, 312-E03,
312-E04)
控制范围：冷凝冷却器液位312-LIC-006A、312-LIC-007A；50±5％
Control range:Condenser level (312-LIC-006A, 312-LIC-007A): 50±5%.
控制目标：控制冷凝冷却器液位平稳，液位50±5％
Control target:To ensure the condenser level is steady and control it within 50±5%.
0.35MPa低压蒸
PIC011 汽
PIC010 0.35MPa LP steam
312 —E02
312—E03
312 —E04
LIC007A LIC006A
低压除氧水LP boiler feed water

正常调整：
Normal Adjustment:
系统低压锅炉给水压力低，上水不迅速联系，提高系统水压力，及时补水，避免冷凝
及冷凝冷却器液位低冷却器干
Low system LP boiler feed water Contact related personnel soon to increase the
Low condenser level
pressure and untimely water system water pressure and replenish water
supply timely and thus avoid the drying of condenser.
调节 312-PIC-010、312-PIC-011 使之稳定在
冷凝冷却器产汽压力高使上水困难
冷凝冷却器液位低 0.35MPa 左右
Difficulty in water supply due to
Low condenser level Adjust 312-PIC-010 and 312-PIC-011 to stabilize
high condenser steam pressure
the pressure around 0.35MPa.
异常处理：
Exception Handling:
冷凝冷却器液位表失灵以现场液位计为准，控制其液位
Failure of level gauge for condenser Control the level with local level gauge.
冷凝冷却器上水控制阀失灵现场改用付线控制上水量，立即联系仪表处理问题
Failure of water supply control valve for Change to use the local bypass to control the water supply flow. Contact
condenser the instrument personnel to solve the problem immediately.
2.2.3.2 一级、二级、三级冷凝冷却器(312-E02、312-E03、312-E04)压力控制
Pressure Control of 1st, 2nd and 3rd-Stage Condenser (312-E02, 312-E03,
312-E04)
控制范围：冷凝冷却器压力312-PIC-010、312-PIC-011；0.4±0.05MPa
Control range:Condenser pressure (312-PIC-010, 312-PIC-011): 0.4±0.05MPa.
控制目标：控制冷凝冷却器压力平稳，压力0.4±0.05MPa
Control target:To ensure the condenser pressure is steady and control it within
0.4±0.05MPa.
相关参数：冷凝冷却器液位，冷凝冷却器出口温度，蒸汽管网压力
Related parameters:Condenser level, condenser outlet temperature and steam pipe
network pressure.
控制方式：正常生产时通过控制冷凝冷却器排出蒸汽量来控制其压力
Control method:Control the pressure by controlling the exhaust steam flow of
condenser during normal production.
0.35MPa低压蒸
LIC011 汽
LIC010 0.35MPa LP steam
312 —E02
312—E03
312 —E04
LIC007A LIC006A
低压除氧水 LP boiler feed water

正常调整：
Normal Adjustment:
冷凝冷却器压力高按工艺卡片调节制硫系统温度
制硫系统温度高
The condenser pressure is Adjust the temperature of sulfur production
High temperature of sulfur production system
high. system according to the process card .
调节 312-LIC-007312-/LIC-006A 及时上水，
冷凝冷却器上水不及时，液位低冷凝冷却器压力高控制冷凝冷却器液位 50±5％
Untimely water supply and low level of The condenser pressure is Adjust 312-LIC-007/312-LIC-006A to
condenser high. supply water timely and control the
condenser level within 50±5%.
异常处理：
Exception Handling:
冷凝冷却器压力控制阀 312-PIC-010、现场改用副线阀控制排汽量，防止冷凝冷却器超压，立即联系保运
312-PIC-011 故障处理
Failure of pressure control valves for Change to use the bypass valve to control the exhaust steam flow
condenser (312-PIC-010, and hence prevent the overpressure of condenser. Contact the
312-PIC-011) maintenance team to solve the problem immediately.
冷凝冷却器压力显示失灵现场确认，联系仪表处理
Failure of pressure indication of Confirm on site and contact the instrument personnel to solve the
condenser problem.
2.2.4 转化器床层温度控制
Bed Temperature Control of Claus Reactor
控制范围：一级转化器出口温度312-TI-021;310±10℃；
Control range:Outlet temperature of 1st Claus reactor (312-TI-021): 310±10°C;
二级转化器出口温度312-TI-023;240±10℃
Outlet temperature of 2nd Claus reactor (312-TI-023): 240±10°C.
正常调整：
Normal Adjustment:
转化器入口温度高，出口温度也高调节掺合阀开度，保证入口温度在控制指标内
一掺合阀开度大 The inlet and outlet temperature of Adjust the opening of the mixing valve to
Large opening of mixing valve Claus reactor is high. ensure the inlet temperature is within the
normal range.
过程气中氧含量过剩较多，造成转化床
层温度升高
配风比高 The high content of excessive oxygen 及时调节配风比
High gas mixing ratio in process gas causes the Adjust the gas mixing ratio timely.
temperature rise of bed temperature of
Claus reactor.
酸性气量大，系统压力高，床层
协调上游装置处理，控制系统压力平稳
空速高
床层温度升高 Coordinate the downstream unit personnel to
High sour gas flow, high
The bed temperature rises. control the system pressure and ensure it is
system pressure, high bed
steady.
space velocity
异常处理：
Exception Handling:
应到现场改手动调节，同时联系仪表处理
高温掺合阀失灵
温度急剧升高或急剧下降 Go to the scene and change to manual
Failure of high
The temperature rises or drops sharply. regulation. At the same time, contact the
temperature mixing valve
instrument personnel to solve the problem.
表现为床层温度温升小，有机硫水解率下降可根据实际情况，进行复活，严重时停车更换
催化剂活性降低
The bed temperature rise is small and the 催化剂
Decreased catalyst
organic sulfur hydrolysis proportion Reactivate as the case may be. In a serious
activity
deceases. case, replace the catalyst after shutdown.
2.2.5 尾气焚烧炉 312-F02 温度控制
Temperature Control of Tail Gas Incinerator (312-F02)
控制原则：尾气焚烧炉温度决定了尾气中的组分氧化是否完全。温度过低，废
气排放不能达标。温度过高，将可能导致尾气焚烧炉损坏，也有可能导致蒸汽
过热器过热损坏。
Control principle:The temperature of tail gas incinerator decides if the components of
tail gas are oxidized completely. If the temperature is too low, the tail gas emission
cannot reach the standard.If the temperature is too high, it is likely to cause the damage
of tail gas incinerator and the damage of steam superheater due to overheating.
控制点名称：312-TIC-042
Tag Number of Control Point
控制目标：600°C
Control target:
控制范围：550°C~650°C
Control range:
相关参数：燃料气流量：312-FI-025，主风流量：312-FIC-026；副风流量：
312-FIC-027
Related parameters:Fuel gas flow: 312-FI-025, main air flow: 312-FIC-026, auxiliary
air flow: 312-FIC-027.
控制方式：焚烧炉温度是通过温度控制器 312-TIC-042 与风流量控制器
312-FIC-026；312-FIC-027来实现。
Control method:Control the incinerator temperature by temperature controller TIC042
and air flow controllers 312-FIC-026 &312-FIC-027.
控制流程图：
Control Flow Chart:
TY TE
042 042
TV
042
瓦斯
Gas
312-F02
FT V-26
025
FY
FT 026
026
空气自K02来
Air from K02 V-25 FT
AI 027
003
V-24
正常操作：
Normal operation:
序号影响因素调节方法
S/N Possible Cause Adjustment methods
如燃料气组分变化，根据分析调节风与燃料气流量的比值；如组分波动，
燃料气组分
1 则改手动控制
Fuel gas components
If the fuel gas components change, adjust the ratio of air flow to fuel gas
序号影响因素调节方法
S/N Possible Cause Adjustment methods
flow based on the analytical results. In case of component fluctuation,
change to manual control.
风量调整一次风量
2
Air flow Adjust the primary air flow.
根据氧分析仪自动调整尾炉风量
尾气量及组分
3 Adjust the air flow of tail gas incinerator automatically according to the
Tail gas flow and components
indicated values of oxygen analyzer.
异常调节：
Exception regulation
序号现象原因处理方法
S/N Phenomena Cause Handling Method
1）燃料气组分热值高 1）调整燃料气量及配风
1) High heat value of fuel gas 1) Adjust the fuel gas flow and gas
components. mixing flow.
2）尾气组分中可燃物浓度高 2）调整 Claus 部分配风及加强尾气操
2) High concentration of combustible 作；
components of fuel gas. 2) Adjust the gas mixing flow in the
3）尾气负荷降低 Claus reactor section and strengthen
尾炉温度过高 3) Decrease tail gas load. the tail gas operation.
1 Too high temperature of 4）仪表指示失灵 4) Failure of instrument 3）适当调整燃料气量
tail gas incinerator indication. 3) Adjust the fuel gas flow properly.
5）调节阀故障 4）联系仪表人员处理
5) Fault of control valve. 4) Contact the instrument personnel
to solve the problem.
5）改副线控制，联系仪表人员处理
5) Change to bypass control.
Contact the instrument personnel to
solve the problem.
1）燃料气组分热值低 1）调整燃料气量及配风；
1) Low heat value of fuel gas 1) Adjust the fuel gas flow and gas
components. mixing flow;
2）配风不当 2）调节配风
2) Improper gas mixing. 2) Adjust the gas mixing flow.
3）尾气组分中可燃物浓度低 3）调整燃料气量及配风
3) Low concentration of combustible 3) Adjust the fuel gas flow and gas
尾炉温度过低 components of fuel gas. mixing flow.
2 Too low temperature of 4）尾气负荷增大 4）适当调整燃料气量
tail gas incinerator 4) Increase of tail gas load. 4) Adjust the fuel gas flow properly.
5）仪表指示失灵 5）联系仪表人员处理
5) Failure of instrument indication. 5) Contact the instrument personnel
6）调节阀故障 to solve the problem.
6) Fault of control valve. 6）改副线控制，联系仪表人员处理
6) Change to bypass control.
Contact the instrument personnel to
solve the problem.
2.2.6 加氢反应器床层温度控制
Bed Temperature Control of Hydrogenation Reactor
控制范围：反应器入口温度 312-TI-030 ； 290±10 ℃ ；反应器出口温度

312-TI-034；330±20℃
Control range:Reactor inlet temperature (TI030): 290±10°C; reactor outlet temperature

(312-TI-034):330±20°C.
控制目标：控制反应器床层温度平稳不操温，床层最高温度≯400℃
Control target:To ensure the reactor bed temperature is steady and control it within
400°C.
相关参数：配风比、注氢流量、床层空速、H2S/SO2分析值等的变化会影响
反应器床层温度。
Related parameters:The change in gas mixing ratio, hydrogen injection flow, bed
space velocity and H2S/SO2 analysis value may affect the reactor bed temperature.
控制方式：正常生产时反应器入口温度主要是通过尾气加热器控制，视出口
尾气中的剩余氢气量来调节注氢
Control method:During normal production, control the reactor inlet temperature by tail
gas heater and adjust the hydrogen injection flow depending on the volume of residual
hydrogen in tail gas at the outlet.
氢气
Hydrogen
AV002
过程气
Process gas TI032 ABC TI033ABC
312—R03
TV030A
TI034
312—E07
正常调整：
Normal Adjustment:
反应器入口温度高，出口温度也相
调节温控伐开度，保证入口温度在控制指标内
加热器温控伐开度大应升高
Adjust the opening of the temperature control
Increaseopening of temperature The reactor inlet temperature is
valve to ensure the inlet temperature is within
control valve for heater high and the outlet temperature
the index range.
increases accordingly.
氢含量控制是通过 312-AIC-002 保持尾气出口氢含量为 2％～5％，通过 DCS 阀位给定手动关小或开大
调节实现的氢含量偏高或偏低 Turn down or up the DCS valve manually.
Control of hydrogen content by The hydrogen content at tail gas
312-AIC-002 outlet remains at 2% - 5%. The
hydrogen content is too high or
too low.
过程气中 SO2 含量较多，造成加氢
反应增多，因加氢反应剧烈，引起
配风比变化，配风比高床层温度上升正常配风时，过程气中的 H2S：SO2 趋近于 2:1
Change of gas mixing ratio, high The excessive SO2 content of For normal gas mixing, the H2S:SO2 ratio of
gas mixing ratio process gas leads to the increase process gas is close to 2:1.
of hydrogenation reaction which
results in bed temperature rise.
反应器床层温度≯400℃ 也不应长时间超过 450℃以保持它的活性
Reactor bed temperature ≯ The temperature of above 450°C shall not be maintained for a long time to keep the
400°C activity.
异常处理：
Exception Handling:
立即联系仪表处理，若长时间不能解
决,情况严重将尾气处理部分切除。
反应器入口温控阀失灵 Contact the instrument personnel to
温度急剧升高或急剧下降
Failure of temperature control solve the problem immediately. If the
The temperature rises or drops sharply.
valve at reactor inlet problem is still not solved after a long
time, cut off the tail gas processing
section in a serious case,.
表现为床层温度温升小，加氢反应下降，急可根据实际情况进行再生，严重时停车
冷塔压力增大更换催化剂
催化剂活性降低
The bed temperature rise is small. The Regenerate as the case may be. In a
Decreased catalyst activity
hydrogenation reaction decreases. The serious case, replace the catalyst
pressure of quench column rises. after shutdown.
捕集器尾气分液罐分离效果差，尾床层温度加氢反应增加，反应热增多，床层
情况严重必须停工检查尾气分液罐捕
气中气体硫含量高温度超高
集器
Bad separation effect of tail gas The hydrogenation reaction increases. The
In a serious case, check the tail gas
K.O drum, high gaseous sulfur reaction heat increases. The bed
K.O drum after shutdown.
content of tail gas temperature is very high.
2.2.7 急冷塔塔顶温度控制
Top Temperature Control of Quench Column
控制范围：塔顶温度312-TIC-036；20～40℃，
Control range:Top temperature (312-TIC-036): 20 - 40°C.
控制目标：控制急冷塔顶温度≯50℃
Control target:To control the quench column top temperature within 50°C.
相关参数：急冷水流量：312-FI-019;急冷水入塔温度：312-TI-037。
Related parameters:Quench water flow: FI019; quench water inlet temperature:
312-TI-037.
控制方式：正常生产时通过急冷水流量和温度来调节塔顶温度，也受加氢反应
器出口尾气温度的影响。
Control method:During normal production, control the top temperature by adjusting
the quench water flow and temperature and under the effect of the tail gas temperature
at the outlet of hydrogenation reactor.
正常调整：
Normal Adjustment:
加氢反应器出口尾气温度高及时调节配风比，控制加氢反应器出口尾气温度
急冷塔顶温度升高
High temperature of tail gas at Adjust the gas mixing ratio timely and control the
The quench column top
the outlet of hydrogenation tail gas temperature at the outlet of hydrogenation
temperature rises.
reactor reactor.
急冷水循环量大降低急冷水循环量，提高塔顶温度
塔顶温度降低
High circulating rate of Decease the quench water circulating flow rate
The top temperature drops.
quench water and increase the top temperature.
急冷水冷后温度低及时调节急冷水冷后温度
塔顶温度降低
Low temperature after Adjust the temperature after quench water cooling
The top temperature drops.
quench water cooling timely.
异常处理：
Exception Handling:
外操立即到现场，启用备用泵，同时联系钳工处理故障
急冷水循环量回零泵
急冷水泵出现故障
The quench water circulating The field operator goes to the scene immediately to
Failure of quench water pump
rate returns to zero. start the spare pump and contact the fitter to repair the
faulty pump.
外操到现场检查循环水是否发生气阻，进行放气处理
急冷水冷后温度超高塔顶温度高持续不下
The field operator goes to the scene to check the
High temperature after The high top temperature is
cooling water for gas blockage and vent the gas when
quench water cooling persistent.
necessary.
流控阀或温控阀失灵流控阀没有量将控制阀切到付线控制，联系仪表处理
Failure of flow or temperature The flow control valve has no Change the control valve to bypass control mode.
control valve flow indication. Contact the instrument personnel to solve the problem.
2.2.8 硫磺产品质量
Quality of Sulfur Products
控制指标：纯度≥99.5wt%
Control index: Purity: ≥99.5wt%.
相关指标：砷含量≤0.01wt%，灰分≤0.10wt%，酸度（H2SO4）≤0.005wt%，
Related parameters:Arsenic content: ≤0.01wt%, ash content: ≤0.10wt%, acidity (on
the basis of H2SO4): ≤0.005wt%,
水份≤2.0wt%，有机物≤0.30wt%，铁≤0.005wt%
moisture content: ≤2.0wt%, organics content: ≤0.30wt%, iron content: ≤0.005wt%.
异常处理：当硫磺产品质量检验不合格时，把该批次产品按照协议品规定出
厂，及时调整312单元操作至正常。
Exception Handling:If a sulfur product fails to meet the requirement of the quality
inspection, release this batch of product as specified by the agreement and timely
adjust unit 312 until it returns to normal.
3 开工规程
STARTUP PROCEDURE
3.1 开工统筹图
Startup Network Diagram
成型系统、急冷塔
、吸收塔投用，制
硫炉引入酸性气
Putting sulphur
solidification
system, quench
完成烘炉、成型机
column and
调试引酸性气尾气加氢产出合格产
系统水联运、反应炉、尾气炉 absorber into
公用工程具备投系统置换气 Furnace drying 尾气系统与3 催化剂预硫化品
仪表调试升温正常 service and
用条件密 and sulphur 10联动 Presulfurization of the product
管线贯通吹 System 催化剂装 Normal introduce sour
Utilities available System solidification Linkage hydrogenation quality is
扫 commissioning system 填 temperature gas into sulfur
in service replacement between tail catalyst by acceptable
Pipeline with water and Catalyst rise of reactor production
and gas commissioning gas system introducing sour
connection instrument test Loading and tail gas furnace
sealing and 310 tail gas
and purge incinerator
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
nd
en
en
am r a
g
汽
g
it ro
en 气
斯 ga
s te c e a i
i tro
od 引风
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o d 引氮
瓦 g
引 u ci n
g n
2017-1-15 2017-1-25 2017-1-30 2017-2-10 2017-2-18 2017-2-23 2017-2-25 2017-3-6 2017-3-12 2017-3-15
u
uc
引
d
tro
In tr
In
I n tr
od
I n tr
图3-1开工统筹图
硫磺回收装置开工统筹图
Fig. 3-1startup network diagram
Startup Network Diagram for Sulfur Recovery Unit
Copyrights of this table are reserved by CC-7, any information contained herein, without prior written permit of CC-7, shall be neither copied or disclosed to
any third party in any form, nor applied completely or partially in any form for any other purposes than the intended project.
3.2 开工纲要（A 级）
Startup Outline (Grade A)
初始状态 S0
Initial state S0
施工验收完毕，交付开工检查
startup inspection after construction
acceptance completed
3.2.1 公用介质引入
Introduction to Utility Media
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
公用介质引入完毕
utilities introducing completed
3.2.2 开工进料
Feeding for Startup
3.2.3 调整操作，控制参数在指标内
Operating to control parameters within normal range
最终状态 FS
Final state FS
硫磺回收装置开工完毕，产品合格，装置操作稳定
The startup of sulfur recovery unit is completed, the
product is up to specification and the Unit operates stably.
3.3 开工操作（B 级）
Startup Operation (Grade B)
初始状态 S0
Initial state S0
施工验收完毕，交付开工检查
Startup inspection after construction
acceptance completed
3.3.1 公用介质引入
Introduction to Utility Media
3.3.1.1 1.0MPa 蒸汽引入

Introduction of 1.0MPa Steam
(M) - 确认凝结水回收系统具备投用条件
(M) - Confirm that condensate recovery system is available to be put in service.
(M) - 确认 1.0MPa 蒸汽系统已吹扫干净

(M) - Confirm the 1.0MPa steam system has been purged clean.
[M] - 联系调度引 1.0MPa 蒸汽

[M] - Contact scheduler to introduce 1.0MPa steam from battery limit.
(P) - 确认 1.0MPa 蒸汽引至硫磺回收 312 装置界区处

(P) - Confirm 1.0MPa steam is introduced to the battery limit of unit 312 for sulfur
recovery.
(P) - 确认 1.0MPa 蒸汽系统各分支根部阀门关闭

(P) - Confirm the root valve on each branch of the 1.0MPa steam system is closed.
[P] - 改好装置内的 1.0MPa 蒸汽流程

[P] - Unblock the 1.0MPa steam process in the Unit.
[P] - 联系将 1.0MPa 蒸汽边界管线字盲板处于开位

[P] - Contact related personnel to unblock the spectacle blind on 1.0MPa steam
boundary line.
[P] - 缓慢打开 1.0MPa 蒸汽界区盲板前阀门

[P] - Slowly open the valve in front of the spectacle blind on 1.0MPa steam
boundary line.
[P] - 将蒸汽入装置前导淋打开排凝
[P] - Open the drain valve in front of the boundary on 0.24MPa steam line to drain
out condensate.
[P] - 缓慢开 1.0MPa 蒸汽进装置阀

[P] - Slowly open the 1.0MPa steam inlet valve.
[P] - 确认末端导淋见汽
[P] - Confirm that steam can be observed from the drain valve at the end of the
1.0MPa steam line in the Unit.
[P] - 依次引 1.0MPa 蒸汽贯通各管线

[P] - Introduce 1.0MPa steam and let it go through each line successively.
(P) - 确认装置内各点根部见汽
(P) - Confirm that steam can be seen at all the drain valves and vent valves in the
unit.
(M) - 确认流程贯通
(M) - Ensure the process line is unblocked.
[P] - 关闭流程末端排汽点
[P] - Close the drain valve at the end of line 3"LPS5101.
[P] - 检查系统泄漏情况
[P] - Check the system for leakage.
(M) - 确认系统无泄漏
(M)- No leakage in system
贯通流程：
Going through process:
(1) 主线： 1.0MPa蒸汽→末端导淋

head line: 1.0MPa steam → end drain valve.
(2) 支线：逐线贯通，严禁超压。

Branch line: Going through one by one and overpressure is strictly prohibited.
3.3.1.2 脱离子水引入
Introduction of Demi-water
(M) - 确认脱离子水系统已吹扫干净
(M) - Confirm the demi-water system has been purged clean.
[M] - 联系调度引脱离子水
[M] - Contact scheduler to introduce demi-water.
(P) - 确认脱离子水引至硫磺回收 312 装置界区处

(P) - Confirm demi-water is introduced to the battery limit of unit 312 for sulfur
recovery.
(P) - 确认脱离子水系统各分支根部阀门关闭
(P) - Confirm the root valve on each branch of the demi-water system is closed.
[P] - 缓慢开脱离子水进装置阀
[P] - Slowly open the demi-water inlet valve.
[P] - 确认装置内脱离子水管线末端导淋见水
[P] - Confirm that steam can be observed from the drain valve at the end of the
demi-water line in the Unit.
[P] - 依次引脱离子水贯通各管线
[P] - Introduce demi-water and let it go through each line successively.
(P) - 确认装置内各点根部见水
(P) - Confirm that water can be observed from all the root valves in the unit.
[P] - 关闭流程末端排水点
[P] - Close the drain valve at the end of the pipe.
3.3.1.3 工厂空气引入
Introduce plant air
(M) - 确认工厂空气系统已吹扫干净
(M) - Confirm that plant air system has been purged clean.
[M] - 联系调度引工厂空气
[M] - Contact scheduler to introduce plant air.
(P) - 确认工厂空气引至硫磺回收装置界区处
(P) - Confirm the unpurified compressed air is introduced to the battery limit of
sulfur recovery unit.
(P) - 确认工厂空气边界 8 字盲板处于盲位

(P) - Confirm that the spectacle blind at the plant air boundary is blocked.
[P] - 改好装置内工厂空气流程
[P] - Unblock the unpurified compressed air process in the Unit.
(P) - 确认工厂空气系统各分支根部阀门关闭
(P) - Confirm that all the root valves on branch line of plant air system are closed.
[P] - 联系将工厂空气边界 8 字盲板处于开位

[P] - Contact to unblock the spectacle blind at the plant air boundary.
[P] - 缓慢打开工厂空气界区盲板前阀门
[P] - Slowly open the valve in front of the spectacle blind.
[P] - 缓慢开工厂空气进装置阀
[P] - Slowly open BL valve on plant air line to the unit.
[P] - 确认工厂空气末端导淋见气
[P] - Confirm that steam can be observed from the drain valve at the end of plant air
line.
[P] - 打开工厂空气至各使用点阀
[P] - Open the valves for all the utility stations on plant air line.
(P) - 确认装置内各点阀前导淋见气
(P) - Confirm that air can be observed from the drain valves in front of each valve in
the unit.
(M) - 确认以上流程贯通
(M)- Confirm that the above processes are connected.
[P] - 关闭以上流程末端排气点
[P] - Close the drain valve at the end of line.
3.3.1.4 仪表空气引入
Introduce instrument air
(M) - 确认仪表空气系统已吹扫干净
(M) - Confirm that instrument air system has been purged clean.
[M] - 联系调度引仪表空气
[M] - Contact scheduler to introduce instrument air.
(P) - 确认仪表空气引至硫磺回收界区处
(P) - Confirm the purified compressed air is introduced to the battery limit of sulfur
recovery unit.
(P) - 确认仪表空气边界 8 字盲板处于盲位

(P) - Confirm that the spectacle blind at the instrument air boundary is blocked.
[P] - 改好装置内仪表空气流程
[P] - Unblock the purified compressed air process in the Unit.
(P) - 确认仪表空气系统各分支根部阀门关闭
(P) - Confirm that all the root valves on branch line of instrument air system are
closed.
[P] - 联系将仪表空气边界 8 字盲板处于开位

[P] - Contact to unblock the spectacle blind at instrument air boundary.
[P] - 缓慢打开仪表空气界区盲板前阀门
[P] - 缓慢开仪表空气进装置阀
[P] - Slowly open BL valve on instrument air line to the unit.
[P] - 确认仪表空气末端导淋见气
[P] - Confirm that air can be observed from the drain valve at the end of instrument
air line.
[P] - 打开仪表空气至各使用点阀
[P] - Open the valves for all utility stations on instrument air line.
the unit.
(I)- 确认仪表空气压力正常
(I)- Confirm that the pressure of the instrument air is normal.
3.3.1.5 低压氮气引入
Introduce low pressure nitrogen
(M) - 确认氮气系统已吹扫干净
(M) - Confirm that nitrogen system has been purged clean.
[M] - 联系调度引氮气
[M] - Contact scheduler to introduce nitrogen.
(P) - 确认氮气引至硫磺回收装置界区处
(P) - Confirm nitrogen is introduced to the battery limit of sulfur recovery unit.
(P) - 确认氮气边界 8 字盲板处于盲位

(P) - Confirm that the spectacle blind at nitrogen boundary is blocked.
[P] - 改好装置内氮气流程
[P] - Unblock the nitrogen process in the unit.
(P) - 确认氮气系统各分支根部阀门关闭
(P) - Confirm that all the root valves on branch line of nitrogen system are closed.
[P] - 联系将氮气边界 8 字盲板处于开位

[P] - Contact to unblock the spectacle blind at nitrogen boundary.
[P] - 缓慢打开氮气界区盲板前阀门
(P) - Slowly open the valve in front of the spectacle blind.
[P] - 缓慢开氮气进装置阀
[P] - Slowly open BL valve on nitrogen line to the unit.
[P] - 确认末端导淋见气
[P] - Confirm that air can be observed from the drain valve at the end of nitrogen
line.
[P] - 打开氮气至各使用点阀
[P] - Open the valves for all utility stations on nitrogen line.
the unit.
(I)- 确认氮气压力正常
(I)- Confirm that the pressure of nitrogen is normal.
3.3.1.6 生产水引入
Introduce plant water
(M) - 确认生产水系统已吹扫干净
(M) - Confirm that plant water system has been purged clean.
[M] - 联系调度引生产水
[M] - Contact scheduler to introduce plant water.
(P) - 确认生产水引至装置界区处
(P) - Confirm that plant water has been introduced to the battery limit of the unit.
(P) - 确认生产水边界 8 字盲板处于盲位

(P) - Confirm that the spectacle blind at plant water boundary is blocked.
(P) - 确认生产水系统各分支根部阀门关闭
(P) - Confirm that all the root valves on branch line of plant water system are
closed.
[P] - 转好装置内的生产水流程
[P] - Keep a stable running for plant water flow in the unit.
[P] - 联系将生产水边界 8 字盲板处于开位

[P] - Contact to unblock the spectacle blind at the plant water boundary.
[P] - 缓慢打开生产水界区盲板前阀门
[P] - 缓慢开生产水进装置阀
[P] - Slowly open the BL valve to introduce plant water into the unit.
[P] - 确认末端导淋见水
[P] - Confirm that water can be observed from the drain valve at the end of the
plant water line in the Unit.
[P] - 依次引生产水贯通各管线
[P] - Introduce plant water in sequence to make it go through all the pipelines.
3.3.1.7 循环水引入
Introduce cooling water
(M) - 确认循环水系统已吹扫干净
(M) - Confirm that cooling water system has been purged clean.
[M] - 联系调度引循环水
[M] - Contact scheduler to introduce cooling water.
(P) - 确认循环水引至硫磺回收装置界区处
(P) - Confirm cooling water is introduced to the battery limit of sulfur recovery unit.
(P) - 确认循环水边界盲板处于盲位
(P) - Confirm the spectacle blind on cooling water boundary line is blocked.
(P) - 确认循环水系统各分支根部阀门关闭
(P) - Confirm that all the root valves on branch line of cooling water system are
closed.
[P] - 改好装置内的循环水流程
[P] - Unblock the cooling water process in the Unit.
[P] - 联系将循环水边界盲板处于开位
[P] - Contact related personnel to unblock the spectacle blind on cooling water
boundary line.
[P] - 缓慢打开循环水界区盲板前阀门
[P] - 缓慢开循环水进装置阀
[P] - Slowly open BL valve to introduce cooling water into the unit.
[P] - 依次引循环水贯通各管线
[P] - Introduce cooling water in sequence to make it go through each pipeline.
3.3.1.8 生活水引入
Introduction of domestic water
(M) - 确认生活水系统已吹扫干净
(M) - Confirm that domestic water system has been purged clean.
[M] - 联系调度引生活水
[M] - Contact scheduler to introduce domestic water.
(P) - 确认生活水引至硫磺回收装置界区处
(P) - Confirm drinking water is introduced to the battery limit of sulfur recovery unit.
(P) - 确认生活水边界盲板处于盲位
(P) - Confirm the drinking water boundary blind is blocked.
(P) - 确认生活水系统各分支根部阀门关闭
(P) - Confirm that all the root valves on branch line of domestic water are closed.
[P] - 转好装置内的生活水流程
[P] - Keep a stable running fordomestic water flow in the unit.
[P] - 联系将生活水边界盲板处于开位
[P] - Contact related personnel to unblock the drinking water boundary blind.
[P] - 缓慢打开生活水界区盲板前阀门
[P] - 缓慢开生活水进装置阀
[P] - Slowly open BL valve to introduce cooling water into the unit.
[P] - 依次引生活水贯通各管线
[P] - Introduce domestic water in sequence to make it go through each pipeline.
3.3.1.9 锅炉给水引入
Introduction of Boiler Feed Water
(M) - 确认锅炉给水系统已吹扫干净
(M) - Confirm the boiler feed water system has been purged clean.
[M] - 联系调度引锅炉给水(P) - 确认锅炉给水引至硫磺回收装置界区处

[M] - Contact scheduler to introduce boiler feed water(P) - Confirm boiler
feed water is introduced to the battery limit of sulfur recovery unit.
(P) - 确认锅炉给水边界盲板处于盲位
(P) - Confirm the boiler feed water boundary blind is blocked.
(P) - 确认锅炉给水系统各分支根部阀门关闭
(P) - Confirm the root valve on each branch of the boiler feed water system is
closed.
[P] - 改好装置内的锅炉给水流程
[P] - Unblock the boiler feed water process in the Unit.
[P] - 联系将锅炉给水边界盲板处于开位
[P] - Contact related personnel to unblock the boiler feed water boundary blind.
[P] - 缓慢打开锅炉给水界区盲板前阀门
[P] - Slowly open the valve in front of the boiler feed water boundary blind.
[P] - 缓慢开锅炉给水进装置阀
[P] - Slowly open the boiler feed water inlet valve.
[P] - 依次引锅炉给水贯通各管线
[P] - Introduce boiler feed water and let it go through each line successively.
3.3.1.10 燃料气引入
Introduction of Fuel Gas
(M) - 确认燃料气系统吹扫、气密合格
(M) - Confirm the purge and sealing of the fuel gas system is acceptable.
(M) - 确认燃料气系统氮气置换完毕
(M) - Confirm the nitrogen replacement of the fuel gas system is completed.
[M] - 联系调度引燃料气
[M] - Contact scheduler to introduce fuel gas
(P) - 确认燃料气引至硫磺回收装置界区处
(P) - Confirm fuel gas is introduced to the battery limit of sulfur recovery unit.
(P) - 确认燃料气边界盲板处于盲位
(P) - Confirm the fuel gas boundary blind is blocked.
(P) - 确认燃料气系统各分支根部阀门关闭，相关排空关闭
(P) - Confirm the root valve on each branch of the fuel gas system is closed and the
related vent valve is closed.
[P] - 改好装置内的燃料气流程
[P] - Unblock the fuel gas process in the unit.
[P] - 联系将燃料气边界盲板处于开位
[P] - Contact related personnel to unblock the fuel gas boundary blind.
[P] - 缓慢打开燃料气界区盲板前阀门
[P] - Slowly open the valve in front of the fuel gas boundary blind.
[P] - 缓慢开燃料气进装置阀
[P] - Slowly open the fuel gas inlet valve.
[P] - 引燃料气至 312-V11

[P] - Introduce fuel gas to 312-V11.
[P] - 依次引燃料气至 312-F01、312-F02 炉前

[P] - Introduce fuel gas to furnace 312-F01 and 312-F02 successively.
3.3.1.11 氢气引入
Introduction of Hydrogen
(M) - 确认氢气系统吹扫、气密合格
(M) - Confirm the purge and sealing of the hydrogen system is acceptable.
(M) - 确认氢气系统氮气置换完毕
(M) - Confirm the nitrogen replacement of the hydrogen system is completed.
[M] - 联系调度引氢气
[M] - Contact scheduler to introduce hydrogen
(P) - 确认氢气引至硫磺回收装置界区处
(P) - Confirm hydrogen is introduced to the battery limit of sulfur recovery unit.
(P) - 确认氢气边界盲板处于盲位
(P) - Confirm the hydrogen boundary blind is blocked.
(P) - 确认氢气系统各分支根部阀门关闭，相关排空关闭
(P) - Confirm the root valve on each branch of the hydrogen system is closed and
the associated vent valve is closed.
[P] - 改好装置内的氢气流程
[P] - Unblock the hydrogen process in the Unit.
[P] - 联系将氢气边界盲板处于开位
[P] - Contact related personnel to unblock the hydrogen boundary blind.
[P] - 缓慢打开氢气界区盲板前阀门
[P] - Slowly open the valve in front of the hydrogen boundary blind.
[P] - 缓慢开氢气进装置阀
[P] - Slowly open the hydrogen inlet valve.
[P] - 引燃料气至 312-R03 前

[P] - Introduce hydrogen to 312-R03.
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
公用介质引入完毕
Utilities introducing completed
3.3.2 焚烧炉开工
Startup of Incinerator
3.3.2.1 条件确认:
Conditions to be confirmed to extent that:
( M) - 确认 312 单元装置全部冲洗、气密、试压合格，水联运单机试运完成
( M) - the flushing, sealing and pressure test of unit 312 is completed and the
startup with water and run in are completed and;
(I)- 确认 312 单元装置全部仪表已投用

(I)- all instruments for unit 312 are put into service and;
(P) - 确认 312 单元装置火炬阀开

(P) - the flare valve for unit 312 is open and;
(P) - 确认 312 单元装置公用工程全部引入

(P) - the utilities for unit 312 are introduced and;
(P) - 确认 312 单元装置伴热全部投用

(P) - the heat tracing for unit 312 is put into service and;
(P) - 确认 312 单元装置酸性气系统吹扫、气密合格，具备引酸性气条件

(P) - the sour gas system for unit 312 is ready for introducing sour gas after
acceptable purge and sealing and;
( M ) - 过程气系统吹扫置换气密结束, 确认合格,具备开工条件
(M)- the process gas system is ready for startup after acceptable purge,
replacement and sealing and;.
( M ) - 酸性水系统吹扫置换气密结束, 确认合格,具备投用条件
(M)- the sour gas system is ready for being put into service after acceptable purge,
replacement and sealing and;.
( M ) - 确认制硫炉 312-F01/焚烧炉 312-F02SIS 系统正常

(M)- the SIS for sulfur production furnace 312-F01/ incinerator 312-F02 is normal
and;
(P) - 酸性水脱液泵 312-P08A/B/C 试运正常

(P) - the run in of acid water loading pump 312-P08A/B/C is normal and;
(P) - 急冷水泵 312-P01A/B 试运正常

(P) - the run in of quench water pump 312-P01A/B is normal and;
(P) - 吸收塔富液输送泵 312-P02A/B 试运正常

(P) - the run in of rich liquor loading pump 312-P02A/B for absorber is normal and;
(P) - 液硫输送泵 312-P04A/B 试运正常

(P) - the run in of liquid sulfur loading pump P04A/B is normal and;
(P) - 燃烧炉鼓风机 312-K01A/B 试运正常

(P) - the run in of combustion furnace blower 312-K01A/B is normal and;
(P) - 焚烧炉鼓风机 312-K02A/B 试运正常

(P) - the run in of incinerator blower 312-K02A/B is normal and;
(P) - 硫磺成型机试运正常
(P) - the run in of sulphur solidification system is normal and;
(P) - 液硫循环脱气泵 312-P03A/B 试运正常

(P) - the run in of liquid sulfur RH degassing pump 312-P03A/B is normal and;
(P) - 成型机冷却水泵试运正常
(P) - the run in of cooling water pump for sulphur solidification system is normal
and;
(P) - 液硫池、液硫储罐清洁检查合格，达到接收液硫条件
(P) - the liquid sulfur vessel and storage tank cleaning inspection is acceptable to
the desired condition that permits receipt of liquid sulfur and;
(P) - 硫封 312-V04A~G 装硫完毕,确认硫封已经建立.

(P) - the loading of sulfur seal pot 312-V04A~G with sulfur has been completed and
the sulfur sealing has been established and;
(P) - 烟囱清扫检验合格
(P) - the stack cleaning inspection is acceptable and;
( P ) - 氢分析仪、氧分析仪、二氧化硫分析仪安装完毕具备投用条件
(P) - the hydrogen, oxygen and sulfur dioxide analyzers have been installed to the
desired condition that permits being putting into service and;
(P) - 系统内全部安全阀已经调校完毕、全部投用
(P) - all pressure relief valves in the system have been calibrated and put into
service.
3.3.2.2 焚烧炉点火升温
Ignition and heating of Incinerator
流程准备工作：
Preparation:
312-F02→312-E08 (壳/S)→312-E07(管/T)→烟囱312-SK01
( I )- 确认各仪表全部投用
(I)- Confirm all instruments are put into service.
( I )- 确认氮气联锁阀 312-XOV-017、燃料气联锁阀 312-XCV-020 关

(I)- Confirm the nitrogen interlock valve 312-XOV-017 and the fuel gas interlock
valve 312-XCV-020 are closed.
( I )- 确认焚烧炉鼓风机来空气阀联锁 312-XCV-021 关
(I)- Confirm the incinerator blower air interlock valve 312-XCV-021 is closed.
( I )- 确认焚烧炉点火枪燃料气联锁阀 312-XCV-019、点火枪净化风联锁阀
312-XCV-018 关
(I)- Confirm the incinerator igniter fuel gas interlock valve (312-XCV-019) and the
igniter instrument air interlock valve 312-XCV-018 are closed.
( I )- 确认焚烧炉温控阀 312-TV-042 手动关，确认 OP=0%

(I)- Confirm the incinerator temperature control valve 312-TV-042 is closed
manually and OP is equal to 0%.
( I )- 确认焚烧炉空气流控阀 312-FV-026 、312-FV-027 手动关，确认
OP=0%
(I)- Confirm the incinerator air flow control valves 312-FV-026 &312-FV-027 are
closed manually and OP is equal to 0%.
[ P ]- 全开 312-F02 至烟囱烟道挡板
[P]- Fully open the damper on the line from F02 to stack.
[ P ]- 打开各看火孔切断阀
[P]- Open all shutoff valves for observation doors.
[ P ]- 打开进焚烧炉各看火孔反吹氮气阀,确认各反吹氮气正常投用
[P]- Open the purge nitrogen valve at the inlet of each incinerator observation door
and confirm the back-purge nitrogen is put into service normally.
(P) - 确认空气进焚烧炉流程改通
(P) - Confirm the process for feeding air to incinerator is unblocked.
[ P ]- 打开焚烧炉温控阀 312-TV-042 前后手阀

[P]- Open the front and behind valve of incinerator temperature control valve
312-TV-042.
(P) - 确认焚烧炉温控阀 312-TV-042 副线阀关

(P) - Confirm the bypass valve for incinerator temperature control valve TV042 is
closed.
(I)- 确认 312-TV-042 关闭,确认 OP=0%

(I)- Confirm 312-TV-042 is closed and OP is equal to 0%.
[P]- 打开焚烧炉燃料气阻火器正线上下游手阀
[P]- Open the shutoff valves at the inlet and outlet of the mainline for incinerator
fuel gas flame arrester.
(P) - 确认主火嘴燃料气入炉前手阀关、点火枪燃料气入炉前手阀关、点火
枪仪表空气入炉前手阀关
(P) - Confirm the valve on the line transmitting fuel gas from main burner to
stokehold is closed, the valve on the line transmitting fuel gas from igniter to
stokehold is closed and the valve on the line transmitting instrument air from
igniter to stokehold is closed.
[ P ]- 打开炉前主燃料气线吹扫 N2 进炉手阀
[P]- Open the purge N2 feed valve on furnace-front main fuel gas line.
3.3.2.3 蒸汽过热器引系统蒸汽保护
Introduction of System Steam for Protection of Steam Superheater
(P) - 确认蒸汽过热器后进管网阀关
(P) - Confirm the valve on the line from steam superheater to pipe network is
closed.
(P) - 确认 312-E01 炉来的蒸汽进 312-E08 入口阀关

(P) - Confirm the valve on the line transmitting steam from furnace E01 to the inlet
of E08 is closed.
[P]- 打开过热器出口放空阀 312-HV-005 前手阀

[P]- Open the valve in front of vent valve HV005 at the outlet of superheater.
[I]- 全开过热器出口放空阀 312-HC-005

[I]- Fully open vent valve 312-HC-005 at the outlet of superheater..
[P]- 打开开工蒸汽倒淋阀排凝
[P]- Open the startup steam drain valve to drain the condensate.
[P]- 确认倒淋见汽，微开开工蒸汽进 312-E08 手阀,关闭倒淋

[P]- Confirm steam can be observed from the drain valve, slightly open the valve
on the line transmitting startup steam to 312-E08, and close the drain valve.
(P) - 确认 312-HV-005 消音器排出蒸汽，暖线约 20 分钟

(P) - Confirm steam is discharged from muffler for 312-HV-005 and warm up the
line for about 20min.
[P]- 开大开工蒸汽进 312-E08 手阀

[P]- Open the valve on the line transmitting startup steam to 312-E08.
3.3.2.4 燃料气引至焚烧炉炉头
Introduction of Fuel Gas to Incinerator Burner
( M ) - 确认燃料气已引至 312-V11
(M)- Confirm fuel gas has been introduced to 312-V11.
[I]- 控制 312-V11 压力约 0.4MPa,平稳后投自动

[I]- Control the pressure of 312-V11 around 0.4MPa. When the pressure is stable,
change to automatic mode.
[P]- 检查 312-V11 液位计，发现有液体及时脱液

[P]- Check the level gauge for312-V11. If liquid is found, remove the liquid timely.
[P]- 在燃料气进焚烧炉 312-F02 前倒淋接胶管引至安全空旷处排空

[P]- Connect a rubber hose to the drain valve and hence divert the fuel gas to a
safe and open place for venting the air before it flows into incinerator F02.
[P]- 打通 312-V11 至 312-F02 燃料气流程，确认 312-F02 炉前燃料气手阀

关
[P]- Unblock the fuel gas process from 312-V11 to 312-F02 and confirm the fuel
gas valve in front of 312-F02 is closed.
[P]- 打开燃料气缓冲罐(312-V11)出口至 312-F02 手阀

[P]- Open the valve on the line from the outlet of fuel gas surge drum (V11) to F02.
[ M ] - 联系化验室对燃料气分析
[M]- Contact the laboratory to analyze the fuel gas.
( M ) - 确认燃料气分析 O2 含量≤1.0% Vol.%

(M)- Confirm the analytical O2 content of fuel gas is not more than 1.0% Vol.%.
[P]- 视情况进行明火实验
[P]- Do the open flame test as the case may be.
[P]- 关闭燃料气倒淋阀
[P]- Close the fuel gas drain valve.
( M ) - 确认现场点火枪点火系统正常
(M)- Confirm the local igniter for ignition system is normal.
提示卡
Cue Card
现场准备蒸汽掩护胶带一条
Prepare a steam shielding tape on site.
明火实验时确认人员佩戴防烫手套
Confirm the operator wears anti-scald gloves in
an open flame test.
点火前应注意风向确保安全状态才能点火
Before ignition, watch the wind direction and
confirm it is safe.
3.3.2.5 启动 312-K02B
Start of 312-K02B
[P]- 按设备操作规程启动 312-K02B
[P]- Start K02B according to the equipment operation procedure.
[I]- 调整出口管放空阀 312-FIC-002B 的 OP 值

[I]- Adjust the OP value of vent valve FIC02B on the outlet line.
[I]- 调整并确认 312-PIC-002B 压力稳定在 10KPa

[I]- Adjust the pressure of 312-PIC-002B and confirm it is maintained at 10KPa.
(P) - 确认 312-K02B 运转正常

(P) - Confirm 312-K02B runs normally.
3.3.2.6 急冷塔建立急冷水循环
Establishment of Quench water Circulation for Quench Column
循环流程准备:
Preparation for Circulation
C02 关闭 LV009A U311

C02 closed
C01 P01 ME02 E09 TV036 C01

按照上述流程改好流程
Unblock the process as shown above.
[P]- 稍开 312-C01 塔底入口氮气阀向系统充氮

[P]- Slightly open the inlet nitrogen valve at the bottom of column 312-C01 to inject
nitrogen into the system.
(I)- 确认塔 312-C01 压力维持在 5KPa

(I)- Confirm the pressure of column 312-C01 is maintained at 5KPa.
[P]- 打开进 312-P01A 脱离子水阀，向急冷塔（312-C01)注水

[P]- Open the demi-water valve at the inlet of 312-P01A to inject water into quench
column 312-C01.
( I )- 确认 312-LIC-009A 的 PV 值 70％
(I)- Confirm the PV value of 312-LIC-009A is 70%.
[ P ]- 按规程启动 312-P01A
[P]- Start P01A according to the procedure.
[ I ]- 缓慢打开急冷塔顶温度调节阀 312-TIC-036
[I]- Open the temperature control valve 312-TIC-036 on the top of quench column
slowly.
[ I ]- 调整急冷水返塔流量 312-FI-019
[I]- Adjust the valve for controlling the flow of quench water returning to column
(312-FI-019).
(I)- 确认 312-LIC-009A 的 PV 值达 50％

[I]- 312-LIC-009A 投自动，SP 值控 50%

[I]- Switch 312-LIC-009A to automatic mode and control the SP value at 50%.
[ P ]- 关闭 312-P01A 入口脱离子水阀
[P]- Close the demi-water valve at the inlet of312- P01A.
[P]- 急冷水循环正常后按规程投用 312-ME02

[P]- Put 312-ME02 into service according to the procedure when the quench water
circulation becomes normal.
3.3.2.7 尾气系统建立 N2 循环
Establishment of N2 Circulation for Tail Gas System
循环流程准备:
Preparation for Circulation
C02关
C02 closed
PV021 F02 SK01
C01 V06 K02A E07 R03 E06 C01

[P]- 稍开 312-K02A 入口氮气阀向系统充氮

[P]- Slightly open the inlet nitrogen valve for 312-K02A to inject nitrogen into the
system.
[P]- 关闭 312-K02A 空气入口阀

[P]- Close the air inlet valve for K02A.
(P) - 确认 312-K02A 空气出口阀关，312-K02A 出口放空阀关

(P) - Confirm the air outlet valve for 312-K02A and the vent valve at the outlet of
312-K02A are closed.
(P) - 确认 312-K-02A 循环气进口阀开

(P) - Confirm the recycle gas outlet valve for 312-K02A is open.
[ P ]- 打开 312-K02A 循环气出口阀
[P]- Open the recycle gas outlet valve for 312-K02A.
( I )- 确认 312-HC-004 全开
(I)- Confirm 312-HC-004 is fully open.
[ I ]- 全开 312-K02A 出口压控阀 312-PIC-021

[I]- Fully open the pressure control valve 312-PIC-021 at the outlet of312-K02A.
[ P ]- 全开 312-V06 至 312-K02A 循环气入口阀

[P]- Fully open the recycle gas inlet valve on the line from 312-V06 to 312-K02A.
[P]- 按照规程启动 312-K02A

[P]- Start 312-K02A according to the procedure.
[ P ]- 调整 312-K02A 入口氮气阀开度，使 312-PIC-021 压力稳定约 10Kpa

。
[P]- Adjust the opening of the inlet nitrogen valve for 312-K02A to ensure the
pressure of 312-PIC-021 stabilizes around 10Kpa.
(P) - 确认 312-K02A 运行正常，氮气循环正常

(P) - Confirm 312-K02A runs normally and nitrogen circulation is normal.
[I]- 312-PIC-021 投自动，SP 值＝10KPa

[I]- Switch 312-PIC-021 to automatic mode and control the SP value at 10KPa.
注意
Note
312-K02A 启动后，312-V06 要定期检查、排水，防止水进入

312-K02A
After start of 312-K02A, regularly check and drain 312-V06 to prevent
the entry of water into 312-K02A.
3.3.2.8 吸收塔建立胺循环
Establishment of Amine Circulation for Absorber
[P]- 改通流程
[ P ]- Unblock the process
胺处理装置来贫液→312-ME03副线→312-E10→312-C02→312-P02A/B →
胺处理装置
Lean liquor from amine treating unit →312-ME03 bypass
→312-E10→312-C02→312-P02A/B →amine treating unit
[P]- 打开溶剂再生装置去硫磺回收贫胺液阀
[P]- Open the lean amine valve on the line from solvent regenerating unit to sulfur
recovery unit.
[P]- 打开硫磺回收去溶剂再生装置富胺液阀
[P]- Open the rich amine valve on the line from sulfur recovery unit to solvent
regenerating unit.
[P]- 打开 312-ME03 副线阀

[P]- Open the bypass valve for312-ME03.
[ I ]- 手动控制贫液流量调节阀 312-FIC-023PV
[I]- Control the lean liquor flow control valve 312-FIC-023PV manually.
( I )- 确认 312-LIC-010A 的 PV 值 70％
[ P ]- 按规程启动 312-P02A
[P]- Start 312-P02A according to the procedure.
[ I ]- 调整 312-LIC-010A 液位 40-60％
[I]- Adjust the level of 312-LIC-010A to 40%-60%.
[ I ]- 将 312-LIC-010A 投自动，SP 值＝50％

[I]- Switch LIC010A to automatic mode and control the SP value at 50%.
[P]- 循环正常后按规程投用 312-ME03

[P]- Put 312-ME03 into service according to the procedure when the circulation
becomes normal.
[ P ]- 若不能与溶剂再生装置建立循环，则吸收塔自循环
[P]- If circulation with solvent regenerating unit cannot be established, enable the
self-circulation of absorber.
3.3.2.9 蒸汽发生器注水
Water Injection of Steam Generator
(I)- 确认 312-E06 的液位调节阀 312-LIC-008 手动关闭

(I)- Confirm level control valve 312-LIC-008 for 312-E06 is closed manually.
[ P ]- 打开 312-E06 液位调节阀 312-LV-008 的上下游阀、关闭副线阀

[P]- Open the shutoff valves at the inlet and outlet of level control valve LV008 for
E06 and close the bypass valve.
[ P ]- 打开 312-E06 顶部放空阀
[P] - Open the vent valve on the top of 312-E06.
( I )- 确认蒸汽发生器(312-E06)压力调节阀 312-PIC-015 手动关闭

(I)- Confirm the pressure control valve PIC015 for steam generator E06 is closed
manually.
[ P ]- 打开 312-PV-015 上下游阀、关闭副线阀
[P]- Open the shutoff valves at the inlet and outlet of 312-PV-015 and close the
bypass valve.
[P]- 打开进 312-E06 锅炉给水阀

[P]- Open the boiler feed water valve at the inlet of E06.
[ P ]- 312-E06 液位达 40％时，打开底部定期排污阀直至排空后关闭

[P]- When the level of 312-E06 is 40%, open the periodic blowdown valve at the
bottom and close it only when all the liquid is drained.
[ I ]- 当 312-LIC-008 液位在 40～60％时投自动，SP 值＝50％

[ I ]- Switch 312-LIC-008 to automatic mode when the level is stabilized at 40% -60%
and control the SP value at 50%.
3.3.2.10 焚烧炉点火
Ignition of Incinerator
(P) - 确认 312-E08 保护蒸汽已投用

(P) - Confirm 312-E08 protection steam is put into service.
(P) - 确认 312-E07 循环氮气已投用

(P) - Confirm circulating nitrogen for 312-E07 is put into service.
[P]- 打开各看火孔反吹氮气
[P]- Open all observation doors and purge.
( M ) - 确认完成开工准备，满足吹扫条件
(M)- Confirm the preparation for startup is completed to the desired condition that
permits purge.
[ P ]- 按启动吹扫软按钮
[P]- Press the Purge soft button to start the purge..
( I )- 确认氮气吹扫联锁阀 312-XOV-017 打开
( I )- Confirm the nitrogen purge interlock valve XOV017 is open.
(P) - 确认氮气进入炉进行吹扫
(P) - Confirm nitrogen is fed into the furnace for purge.
( M )- 15 分钟后确认吹扫完成（具体时间参照专利商手册建议时间）
( M )- Confirm purge is completed 15min later (For the time, refer to the patent
manual).
( I )- 确认 N2 吹扫联锁阀 312-XOV-017 关闭
( I )- Confirm the nitrogen purge interlock valve XOV017 is closed.
- 确认氮气吹扫线312-FI-117的炉前手阀关闭
- Confirm the furnace-front valve for 312-FI-117 on nitrogen purge line is
closed.
[ I ]- 按照 SIS 程序进行点火枪点火
[I]- Ignite according to the SIS procedure.
- 燃烧器自带就地控制盘按钮“Remote/local”切为就地控制
- Turn the Remote/Local button on the local control panel built with the
burner to the Local position.
- 按下燃烧器自带就地控制盘按钮“Power on/off”
- Press the Power On/Off button on the local control panel built with the
burner.
- 确认燃烧器自带就地控制盘指示灯“Power on”点亮
- Confirm the Power on indicator lamp on the local control panel built with
the burner is on.
- 确认点火枪/长明灯燃料气联锁阀XCV019打开
- Confirm the igniter/pilot fuel gas interlock valve XCV019 is open.
- 确认点火枪/长明灯空气联锁阀XCV018打开
- Confirm the igniter/pilot air interlock valve XCV018 is open.
- 点火枪/长明灯燃料气入炉前手阀打开
- Confirm the valve on the line transmitting fuel gas to igniter/pilot to furnace
is open.
- 点火枪/长明灯空气入炉前手阀打开
- Confirm the valve on the line transmitting air to igniter/pilot to furnace is
open.
- 确认燃烧器自带就地控制盘指示灯“Start permissive”点亮
- Confirm the Start permissive indicator lamp on the local control panel
built with the burner is on.
- 按下燃烧器自带就地控制盘按钮“Start”
- Press the Start button on the local control panel built with the burner.
- 确认点火枪/长明灯燃料气联锁阀打开
- Confirm the igniter/pilot fuel gas interlock valve is open.
- 确认点火枪/长明灯空气联锁阀打开
- Confirm the igniter/pilot air interlock valve is open.
( I )- 确认点火枪/长明灯自带离子火检检测到火焰
( I )- Confirm flame is detected by the flame ionization detector built with
igniter/pilot.
- 点火枪/长明灯火焰信号反馈至DCS确认点火成功
- Feed the igniter/pilot flame signal back to DCS and confirm ignition is
successful.
( I )- 如果点火失败，则重新启动吹扫，按照逻辑进行点火
( I )- If ignition fails, restart the purge and ignite in a logical manner.
( I )- 确认收到点火枪的火检信号 312-YL-B02-3 检测到火焰

( I )- Confirm fire detection signal (312-YL-B02-3) is received from igniter and flame
is detected.
[I]- 调整空气流量调节阀 312-FIC-026 约 5%

[I]- Adjust the air flow control valve 312-FIC-026 to the opening of about 5%.
[I]- 调整主火嘴温度调节阀 312-TIC-042 的 OP 值=5%
[I]- Adjust the OP value of main burner temperature control valve 312-TIC-042 to
5%.
[ P ]- 打开炉前主火嘴燃料气阀、主空气手阀
[P]- Open furnace-front fuel gas valve for main burner and main air valve.
[ P ]- 按点主火嘴点火软按钮
[P]- Press Main Burner Ignition soft button.
( I )- 确认主火嘴燃料气联锁阀 312-XCV-020 打开
(I)- Confirm the main burner fuel gas interlock valve 312-XCV-020 is open.
( I )- 确认主空气联锁阀 312-XCV-021 打开
(I)- Confirm main air interlock valve XCV021 is open.
( I )- 确认主火嘴温度调节阀 312-TV-042 开
(I)- Confirm main burner temperature control valve 312-TV-042 is open.
[ I ]- 调整主火嘴温度调节阀 312-TV-042 的 OP 值
[I]- Adjust the OP value of main burner temperature control valve 312-TV-042.
[ I ]- 调整主火嘴空气调节阀 312-FV-026 的 OP 值
[I]- Adjust the OP value of main burner air control valve 312-FV-026.
( I )- 确认主火嘴燃烧稳定
(I)- Confirm the steady combustion of main burner.
( I )- 确认 312-BT-002A/B 检测到火焰
(I)- Confirm flame is detected by 312-BT-002A/B.
( M ) - 确认主火嘴点火成功
(M)- Confirm the successful ignition of main burner.
( I )- 如果点火失败，则重新启动吹扫，按照逻辑进行点火
( I )- If ignition fails, restart the purge and ignite in a logical manner.
( I )- 确认点火燃料气联锁阀 312-XCV-019 关
(I)- Confirm the igniter fuel gas interlock valve 312-XCV-019 is closed.
(I)- 确认点火抢空气联锁阀 312-XCV-018 关

(I)- Confirm the igniter air interlock valve 312-XCV-018 is closed.
( I )- 确认 N2 阀 312-XCV-017 联锁阀关闭
(I)- Confirm the nitrogen purge interlock valve 312-XCV-017 is closed.
[ P ]- 关闭点火枪燃料气手阀
[P]- Close the igniter fuel gas valve.
[ P ]- 关闭点火点枪净化风手阀
[P]- Close the igniter instrument air valve
[I]- 调整焚烧炉空气流量调节阀 312-FIC-026 的 OP 值，使配风比约(风：

燃料气)≥15(根据燃料气组分进行调节，确保燃料气当量完全燃烧)
[I]- Adjust the OP value of incinerator air flow control valve FIC026 to the extent
that the gas mixing ratio (ratio of air to fuel gas) is not less than 15 (Adjust
depending on the components of fuel gas to ensure the complete combustion
of fuel gas equivalent).
( M )- 确认主火嘴燃烧稳定
(M)- Confirm the steady combustion of main burner.
( M )- 确认 312-F02 温度 312-TIC-042 按升温曲线升温(见另附升温曲线只作

参考，以设计提供为准)
(M)- Confirm 312-F02 temperature (312-TIC-042) rises according to the heating
curve (The attached heating curve is for reference only. The one provided by
the equipment supplier shall prevail).
( M )- 确认焚烧炉温度 312-TIC-037 的 PV 值达到 600℃，在 650℃恒温

(M)- Confirm the PV value of incinerator temperature transmitter 312-TIC-037
reaches 600°C and the temperature is maintained at 650°C.
[ P ]- 温度在 100℃、200℃、400℃、600℃时，联系保运对焚烧炉及相关
设备进行热紧
[P]- At the temperature of 100°C, 200°C, 400°C and 600°C, contact the
maintenance team for bolt hot tightening (BHT) of incinerator and related
equipment.
3.3.2.11 加氢反应器(312-R03)升温至 300℃

Increase the temperature of Hydrogenation Reactor (312-R03) to 300°C
[ I ]- 调整 312-K02A 出口循环阀开度
[I]- Adjust the opening of the recycle gas valve at the outlet of 312-K02A.
( I )- 确认加氢反应器床层温度 312-TI-032A/B/C/按照升温曲线升温（见
312-R03 升温曲线以厂家提供为准）
(I)- Confirm the bed temperature of hydrogenation reactor (312-TI-032A/B/C) rises
according to the heating curve (Refer to the 312-R03 heating curve. The one
provided by the manufacturer shall prevail).
[ I ]- 调整 312-PIC-021 开度
[I]- Adjust the opening of 312-PIC-021.
( I )- 确认 312-PIC-021 压力在 10KPa

(I)- Confirm the pressure of 312-PIC-021 is 10KPa.
( I )- 确认急冷塔急冷水循环量，控制 312-TIC-036 稳定在 40℃以下

(I)- Confirm the quench water circulating rate of quench column and control the
temperature of 312-TIC-036 below 40°C stably.
( I )- 确认蒸汽发生器(312-E06)过程气出口温度 312-TI-035＞120℃
(I)- Confirm the process gas outlet temperature (312-TI-035) of steam generator
(312-E06) is higher than 120°C.
[ P ]- 打开蒸汽发生器(312-E06)蒸汽压力调节阀 312-PV-015 前后手阀

[P]- Open the front and behind valve of steam pressure control valve (312-PV-015)
of steam generator (312-E06).
[ P ]- 打开蒸汽发生器(312-E06)顶部蒸汽并管网阀
[P]- Open the valve on the line transmitting steam to pipe network on the top of
steam generator (312-E06).
[ P ]- 关闭蒸汽发生器(312-E06)顶部放空阀
[P]- Close the vent valve on the top of steam generator (312-E06).
[ P ]- 将 312-PIC-015 投自动，SP 值＝0.350Mpa

[P]- Switch 312-PIC-015 to automatic mode and control the SP value at 0.350Mpa.
( I )- 确认反应器床层温度 312-TI-032A/B/C 达到 300℃后，恒温

(I)- Maintain the temperature after confirming the bed temperature
(312-TI-032A/B/C) in the reactor reaches 300°C.
[P]- 温度达 100℃、200℃、250℃时，联系保运对反应器、蒸汽发器及相

关设备进行热紧
[P]- When the temperature reaches 100°C, 200°C and 250°C, contact the
maintenance team for bolt hot tightening (BHT) of reactor, steam generator
and related equipment.
3.3.3 燃烧炉点火、系统升温
Ignition of Combustion Furnace and Heating of System
3.3.3.1 燃烧炉点火、系统升温
Ignition of Combustion Furnace and Heating of System
点火流程：312-K01A/B→312-F01→312-E01→开工线→烟囱312-SK01
Ignition Process: 312-K01A/B→312-F01→312-E01→ startup line → stack 312-SK01
( I )- 确认燃烧炉相关联锁阀关闭
(I)- Confirm related interlock valves for combustion furnace is closed.
(P) - 确认燃烧炉相关反吹氮气全部投用
(P) - Confirm all related back-purge nitrogen for combustion furnace is put into
service.
( M )- 确认过程气系统吹扫、气密合格
(M) - Confirm the purge and sealing of the process gas system is acceptable.
[ P ]-关闭 312-E01 至 312-E02 手阀，打开 312-E01 至烟囱手阀

[P]- Close the valve on the line from 312-E01 to 312-E02 and open the valve on
the line from 312-E01 to stack.
( M )- 确认所有硫封罐已建立硫封
(M)- Confirm the sulfur sealing has been established for all sulfur seal pots.
( M )- 确认所有伴热已全部投用
(M)- Confirm all the heat tracing is put into service.
3.3.3.2 余热锅炉 312-E01 注水

Water Injection of Waste Heat Boiler E01
[ P ]- 打开废热锅 312-E01 液位调节阀 312-LV-005 前后手阀、关副线阀

[P]- Open the front and behind valve of level control valve 312-LV-005 for waste
heat boiler 312-E01 and close the bypass valve.
[ P ]- 打开余热锅炉 312-E01 顶部汽包放空阀

[P]- Open the steam drum vent valve on the top of waste heat boiler 312-E01.
[ P ]- 打开汽包顶安全阀前手阀
[P]- Open the front valve of steam drum pressure relief valve.
[P]- 打开余热锅炉 312-E01 根部注水阀

[P]- Open the water injection valve at the root of waste heat boiler 312-E01.
[ P ]- 投用现场液位计
[P]- Put local level gauge into service.
( I )- 确认汽包压力调节阀 312-PIC-009 关闭
(I)- Confirm the steam drum pressure relief valve PIC009 is closed.
[P]- 打开余热锅炉 312-E01 顶部汽包压力调节阀 312-PV-009 前后手阀、

关副线阀
[P]- Open the front and behind valve of steam drum pressure control valve PV009
on the top of waste heat boiler E01 and close the bypass valve.
[I]- 打开 312-LIC-005 引水进余热锅炉

[I]- Open LIC005 to introduce water to waste heat boiler.
( I )- 确认 312-LIC-005 的 PV 值：30％
(I)- Confirm the PV value of 312-LIC-005 is 30%.
[P]- 打开 312-E01 底部定期排污阀，水清后关闭

[P]- Open the periodic blowdown valve at the bottom of 312-E01 and close it when
the water becomes clear.
[ I ]- 当 312-LIC-005 液位稳定在 40～50％时投自动，SP 值=50%

[ I ]- Switch 312-LIC-005 to automatic mode when the liquid level is stabilized at 40%
-50% and control the SP value at 50%.
3.3.3.3 硫冷凝器(312-E03、312-E02)注水
Water Injection of Sulfur Condenser (312-E03, 312-E02)
[ P ]- 投用现场液位计
[P]- Put local level gauge into service.
[ P ]- 打开硫冷器 312-E03、312-E02 液位调节阀前后手阀、关闭副线阀

[P]- Open the front and behind valve of level control valve for sulfur condenser
312-E03/E02 and close the bypass valve.
( I )- 确认硫冷凝器 312-E03、312-E02 压力调节阀手动关闭

(I)- Confirm the pressure control valve for sulfur condenser 312-E03/E02 is closed
manually.
[ P ]- 打开硫冷凝器 312-E03、312-E02 压力调节阀前后手阀、关闭副线阀

[P]- Open the front and behind valve of pressure control valve for sulfur condenser
312-E03/E02 and close the bypass valve.
[P]- 打开 312-E03、312-E02 顶部放空阀

[P] - Open the vent valve on the top of E03/E02.
[ P ]- 打开进硫冷凝器 312-E03、312-E02 锅炉给水阀

[P]- Open the boiler feed water valve at the inlet of sulfur condenser E03/E02.
[ I ]- 引锅炉给水进硫冷凝器 312-E03、312-E02
[I]- Introduce boiler feed water to sulfur condenser 312-E03/E02.
[ P ]- 312-E03、312-E02 液位 50％时，打开硫冷凝器 312-E03、312-E02

底部定期排污阀，排水合格后关闭
[P]- When the level of 312-E03/E02 reaches 50%, open the periodic blowdown
valve at the bottom of 312-E03/E02 and close it when the drained water is up
to specification.
[ I ]- 312-LIC-007A、312-LIC-006A 的 PV 值稳定在 50％时投自动，SP 值

＝50％
[I]- Switch 312-LIC-007A/312-LIC-006A to automatic mode when the level is

maintained at 50% and control the SP value at 50%.
3.3.3.4 启动鼓风机 312-K01A

Start of Forced Draft Fan 312-K01A
[ P ]- 按照规程启动 312-K01A
[I]- 调节 312-K01A 放空阀开度

[I]- Adjust the opening of vent valve of 312-K01A
(P) - 确认 312-K01A/B 运转正常

(P) - Confirm K01A/B runs normally.
[I]- 调整使鼓风机在低负荷放空运转
[I]- Adjust until the forced draft fan idles at low load.
3.3.3.5 燃料气引至燃烧炉炉头
Introduction of Fuel Gas to Combustion Furnace Burner
[ P ]- 主火嘴燃料气进 312-F01 炉前导淋阀接胶管引至安全处排空气

[P]- Connect a rubber hose to the drain valve and hence divert the main burner fuel
gas to a safe and open place for venting the air before it flows into F01.
[P]- 打通 312-V11 至 312-F01 燃料气流程

[P]- Unblock the fuel gas process line from V11 to F01.
( M )- 确认现场点火枪点火系统正常
(M)- Confirm the local igniter for ignition system is normal.
[ P ]- 关闭燃料气排空阀
[P]- Close the fuel gas vent valve.
3.3.3.6 燃烧炉点火枪点火
Ignition of Combustion Furnace Igniter
( M )- 确认完成开工准备，满足吹扫条件
(M)- Confirm the preparation for startup is completed to the desired condition that
permits purge.
(P) - 按“吹扫软按钮”，启动吹扫
[P]- Press the Purge soft button to start the purge..
( I )- 确认联锁阀 312-XOV-008、312-XOV-009 打开
(I)- Confirm interlock valves 312-XOV-008 and 312-XOV-009 are open.
( M )- 15 分钟后确认吹扫完成（具体时间按专利商操作手册时间要求）
( M )- Confirm purge is completed 15min later (For the time, refer to the licenser
manual).
( I )- 确认 N2 联锁阀 312-XOV-008、312-XOV-009 关闭
(I)- Confirm N2 interlock valves 312-XOV-008 and 312-XOV-009 are closed.
[P]- 打开点火枪燃料气自力式调节阀前后手阀，关炉前手阀
[P]- Open the front and behind valves of igniter fuel gas regulator and close the
furnace-front valve.
(P) - 调整并确认点火枪燃料气自力式调节阀后压力为 1bar

(P) - Adjust the pressure of igniter fuel gas regulator and confirm it is 1bar.
[P]- 打开点火枪净化风手阀，关炉前手阀
[P]- Open the igniter instrument air valve and close the furnace-front valve.
(P) - 调整并确认点火枪净化风自力式调节阀后压力为 1.2bar

(P) - Adjust the pressure of igniter purified gas regulator and confirm it is 1.2bar.
[I]- 按“点火枪点火软按钮”
[I]- Press Igniter Ignition soft button.
[ P ]- 快速打开点火枪燃料气炉前手阀
[P]- Open the furnace-front igniter fuel gas valve quickly.
[P]- 快速打开点火枪净化风炉前手阀
[P]- Open the furnace-front igniter instrument air valve quickly.
(I)- 确认点火枪燃料气联锁阀 312-XCV-010 打开

(I)- Confirm the igniter fuel gas interlock valve 312-XCV-010 is open.
(I)- 确认点火枪净化风联锁阀 312-XCV-012 打开

(I)- Confirm the igniter instrument air interlock valve XCV012 is open.
(I)- 10 秒钟内确认收到点火枪的火检信号 312-YL-B01-3

(I)- Confirm fire detection signal (312-YL-B01-3) is received from igniter within
10s.
( M ) - 确认点火枪点火成功
(M)- Confirm the successful ignition of igniter.
3.3.3.7 燃烧炉主火嘴点火
Ignition of Combustion Furnace Main Burner
[ P ]- 打开主火嘴燃料气流量调节阀 312-FV-003 前后手阀，关闭副线阀
[P]- Open the front and behind valve of main burner fuel gas flow control valve
312-FV-003 and close the bypass valve.
[ I ]- 调整主火嘴燃料气流量调节阀 312-FIC-003 的 OP 值=5%

[I]- Adjust the OP value of main burner fuel gas flow control valve 312-FIC-003 to
5%.
[ I ]- 调整微调空气流量调节阀 312-FIC-007B 的 OP 值，使空气量达

400NM3/H
[I]- Slightly adjust the OP value of air flow control valve 312-FIC-007B until the air
flow reaches 400NM3/H.
[ P ]- 按“主火嘴点火软按钮”
[P]- Press Main Burner Ignition soft button.
[ I ]- 确认主火嘴燃料气联锁阀 312-XCV-011 打开
[I]- Confirm the main burner fuel gas interlock valve 312-XCV-011 is open.
[ I ]- 确认主火嘴空气联锁阀 312-XCV-004 打开
[I]- Confirm the main burner air interlock valve 312-XCV-004 is open.
[ P ]- 快速打开主火嘴燃料气阻火器后手阀
[P]- Open the valve in back of main burner fuel gas flame arrestor quickly.
(P) - 确认现场主火嘴点燃
(P) - Confirm local main burner is ignited.
[ I ]- 调整主风流量 312-FIC-007 保持燃烧稳定

[I]- Adjust main air flow (312-FIC-007) to maintain steady combustion.
[ I ]- 调整主火嘴燃料气流量 312-FIC-003 使燃烧明亮、稳定

[I]- Adjust main burner fuel gas flow (312-FIC-003) to ensure bright and steady
combustion.
( I )- 确认 15 秒钟内 312-BT-001A/B 检测到火焰

(I)- Confirm flame is detected by 312-BT-001A/B within 15s.
( M )- 确认主火嘴点火成功
(M)- Confirm the successful ignition of main burner.
( M ) - 如果主火嘴点火失败
(M)- If the ignition of main burner fails,
( I )- 确认点火燃料气联锁阀 312-XCV-010 关
(I)- Confirm the igniter fuel gas interlock valve 312-XCV-010 is closed.
(I)- 确认点火空气联锁阀 312-XCV-012 关
(I)- Confirm the igniter air interlock valve 312-XCV-012 is closed.
[ P ]- 关闭至点火枪燃料气手阀
[P]- Close the igniter fuel gas valve.
[ P ]- 关闭至点火点枪空气手阀
[P]- Close the igniter air valve.
[ P ]- 打开氮气吹扫线 312-FI-004 炉前手阀

[P]- Open the furnace-front valve for 312-FI-004 on nitrogen purge line.
( I )- 启动吹扫逻辑进行重新点火
(I)- Start the purge logic for re-ignition.
3.3.3.8 按照升温曲线升高炉温度至 1200℃

Increase the temperature of Blast Furnace to 1200°C according to Heating
Curve
[I]- 调整 312-FIC-003、312-FIC-007 的 OP 值，使燃料气完全燃烧并按曲

线升温到 1200℃
[I]- Adjust the OP value of 312-FIC-003 and 312-FIC-007 to ensure the fuel gas is
combusted completely and heated up to 1200°C according to the curve.
[ M ]- 联系化验分析过程气 O2≤0.4Vol%，CO≤0.4Vol%
[M]- Contact the analyzer to assay the process gas and confirm O2≤0.4Vol% and
CO≤0.4Vol%.
( M )- 确认分析余热锅炉(312-E01)出口采样口水平，不析炭
(M)- Confirm the sampling port at the outlet of waste heat boiler (312-E01) is
horizontal and doesn’t cause carbon deposition after analysis.
[ P ]- 锅炉出口 312-TI-014 温度大于 200℃时，关闭 312-E01 顶放空阀

[P]- Close the vent valve on the top of 312-E01 when the temperature of
312-TI-014 at the outlet of boiler is above 200°C.
[ I ]- 当压力升至 0.5Mpa，引蒸汽至 312-E08，关闭 312-E08 的 1.0 Mpa

保护蒸汽
[I]- When the pressure rises to 0.5Mpa, introduce steam to 312-E08 and cut off
the supply of 1.0 Mpa protection steam to 312-E08.
[ I ]- 打开 312-PIC-009，调整 312-HC-005 的开度，缓慢提高 312-E01 蒸

汽压力
[I]- Open 312-PIC-009, adjust the opening of 312-HC-005, and increase the
steam pressure of 312-E01 slowly.
[ P ] - 当 312-E01 压力达 1.4Mpa 时，312-PIC-009 投自动，SP 值＝1.4Mpa

[P ] - When the pressure of 312-E01 reaches 1.4Mpa, switch 312-PIC-009 to

automatic mode and control the SP value at 1.4Mpa.
[ P ]- 打开 312-TV-026 前后手阀、关副线阀
[P] - Open the front and behind valve of 312-TV-026 and close the bypass valve.
[I]- 调整 312-TIC-026 开度，控制温度稳定 250℃时投自动，SP 值＝250

℃，并入 1.1Mpa 管网
[I]- Adjust the opening of 312-TIC-026 to control the temperature. When the
temperature is maintained at 250°C, switch 312-TIC-026 to automatic mode
and control the SP value at 250°C. And, introduce the steam to the 1.1Mpa
pipe network.
[ P ]- 升温期间分别在 100℃、200℃，400℃、600℃、800℃、1000℃、1200
℃联系保运对燃烧炉及相应设备进行热紧
[P]- When the temperature reaches at 100°C, 200°C, 400°C, 600°C, 800°C,
1000°C and 1200°C, contact the maintenance team for bolt hot tightening
(BHT) of combustion furnace and associated equipment during heating.
3.3.3.9 制硫系统升温
Heating of Sulfur Production System
升温流程：
Heating Process:
312-F01→312-E01→312-E02→312-TV-015→312-R01→312-E05(管/T)→
312-E03( 管 /T) → 312-E05( 壳 /S) → 312-R02 → 312-E04 → 312-V05 →
312-HC-003B →312-F02
( I )- 确认燃烧炉炉膛温度 312-TI-007 达到 800℃时
(I)- Confirm the combustion furnace temperature 312-TI-007 reaches 800°C.
[ I ]- 打开 312-HC-003B、312-HC-003C 阀,
[I]- Open 312-HC-003B and 312-HC-003C valves.
[P]- 关闭燃烧炉出口开工线阀，防止炉压变化过大
[P]- Close the combustion furnace outlet startup line valve to prevent large change
of furnace pressure.
[I]- 调整制硫反应器(312-R01)入口 312-TIC-015，按升温曲线升温至 250

℃（见 312-R01 升温曲线，以厂方提供为准）
[I]- Adjust 312-TIC-015 at the inlet of sulfur production reactor (312-R01) to
increase the temperature to 250°C according to the heating curve (Refer to the
312-R01 heating curve. The one provided by the manufacturer shall prevail).
[ I ]- 调整制硫反应器(312-R02)入口 312-TIC-016，按升温曲线升温至 230

℃（见 312-R02 升温曲线，以厂方提供为准）
[I]- Adjust 312-TIC-016 at the inlet of sulfur production reactor (312-R02) to
increase the temperature to 230°C according to the heating curve (Refer to the
312-R02 heating curve. The one provided by the manufacturer shall prevail).
[P]- 当硫冷却器出口温度大于 120℃时，关闭硫冷却器顶部放空阀升压

[P]- When the sulfur condenser outlet temperature is above 120°C, close the vent
valve on the top of sulfur condenser to increase the pressure.
[P]- 打开 312-PV-011、312-PV-010 前后手阀、关闭副线阀

[P] - Open the front and behind valve of 312-PV-011 and 312-PV-010 and close the
bypass valve.
[ P ]- 当硫冷却器蒸汽压力 312-PV-011、312-PV-010 达 0.35Mpa 时，并入

0.35Mpa 蒸汽网
[P]- When the steam pressure of sulfur condenser (312-PV-011, 312-PV-010)
reaches 0.35Mpa, introduce the steam to 0.35Mpa steam pipe network.
[I]- 312-PV-011、312-PV-010 投自动，SP 值＝0.35Mpa

[I]- Switch 312-PV-011 and 312-PV-010 to automatic mode and control the SP
value at 0.35Mpa.
[P]- 当温度达 100℃、200℃时联系保运对设备及相关管线法兰进行热紧

[P]- When the temperature reaches at 100°C and 200°C, contact the maintenance
team for bolt hot tightening (BHT) of equipment and associated pipeline
flanges.
3.3.4 燃烧炉引入清洁酸性气
Introduction of Clean Sour Gas to Combustion Furnace
3.3.4.1 引酸性气流程准备
Preparation for Sour Gas Introduction
( M ) - 确认清洁酸性气分液罐(312-V01)已气密合格
(M)- Confirm the sealing of clean sour gas knockout drum (V01) is acceptable.
( M )- 确认酸性水压送泵(312-P08A/B)正常
(M)- Confirm the sour water delivery pump (312-P08A/B) is normal.
( I )- 确认分液罐(312-V01)压力 312-PI-001 的 PV 值为 0
(I)- Confirm the PV value of knockout drum (312-V01) pressure (312-PI-001) is 0.
[ I ]- 手动关闭清洁酸气分液罐压力调节阀 312-PIC-001
[I]- Close the pressure control valve 312-PIC-001 for clean sour gas knockout
drum manually.
(P) - 确认 312-V01 顶放空阀关闭

(P) - Confirm the vent valve on the top of V01 is closed.
(P) - 确认 312-V01 清洁酸气出入口盲板已调通

(P) - Confirm the clean sour gas inlet and outlet blinds for 312-V01 are unblocked.
(P) - 确认 312-V01 罐内没积液

(P) - Confirm no liquid is accumulated in 312-V01.
(P) - 确认清洁酸气去火炬盲板已调通
(P) - Confirm the blind on the line transmitting clean sour gas to flare is unblocked.
(P) - 确认 312-V01 底导淋关闭

(P) - Confirm the drain valve at the bottom of V01 is closed.
(P) - 确认 1.0 Mpa 蒸汽入 312-V01 阀关闭

(P) - Confirm the valve on the line transmitting 1.0 Mpa steam to V01 is closed.
( I )- 确认清洁酸气联锁阀 312-XCV-006 关闭
(I)- Confirm the clean sour gas interlock valve 312-XCV-006 is closed.
(P) - 确认 312-V01 伴热已投用

(P) - Confirm the heat tracing for 312-V01 is put into service.
3.3.4.2 引清洁酸性气进分液罐（312-V01）
Introduction of Clean Sour Gas to Knockout Drum (312-V01)
[ I ]- 把清洁酸气压力调节阀 312-PIC-001 投自动，SP 值=60Kpa
[I]- Switch the clean sour gas pressure control valve 312-PIC-001 to automatic
mode and control the SP value at 60Kpa.
[I]- 确认溶剂再生装置、酸性水汽提装置正常
[I]- Confirm solvent regenerating unit and sour water stripping unit are normal.
[ P ]- 打开 312-V01 清洁酸性气出口阀
[P]- Open clean sour gas outlet valve for 312-V01.
[ P ]- 打开 312-V01 酸性气入口阀
[P]- Open clean sour gas inlet valve for 312-V01.
( M ) - 确认 312-V01 无积液，有液体时启动 312-P08 排积液去非加氢型硫磺

回收
(M)- Confirm no liquid is accumulated in 312-V01. If liquid is present, start 312-P08
to drain the accumulated liquid to the non-hydrogenation sulfur recovery unit.
(I)- 确认酸性气压力调节阀 312-PIC-001 的 SP 值稳定在 60 Kpa

(I)- Confirm the SP value of sour gas pressure control valve 312-PIC-001 is
maintained at 60 Kpa.
3.3.4.3 加氢反应器预硫化
Presulfurization of Hydrogenation Reactor
预硫化注意事项
Precautions about Presulfurization
1) 催化剂在正常使用前活性组分以氧化态存在，必须将其转化为硫化态才能
起到催化作用。
Active components of catalyst exist in the oxidization state before normal use.
Catalyst cannot work only when it transformed into the sulfurization state.
2) 在通入制硫尾气前，禁止加氢反应器在200℃以下通入氢气，以免破坏催
化剂活性。
Before supply of tail gas for sulfur production, supply of hydrogen to hydrogenation
reactor below 200°C is forbidden; otherwise, the activity of catalyst may be
damaged.
3) 调整配风使尾气中H2S/SO2=4～6/1；控制氢含量为3％～5％。
Adjust the gas mixing ratio (H2S/SO2) of tail gas to 4 - 6/1 and control the
hydrogen content within the range of 3% - 5%.
4) 以20℃/h的升温速度使床层温度升至250℃开始恒温硫化，每一小时采样
分析反应器出入口H2S含量和氢气含量，当反应器出入口H2S浓度平衡时，
升温至300℃继续硫化, 采样分析反应器出入口的H2S含量，当反应器出入
口H2S浓度平衡时,催化剂硫化完毕；注意控制床层温度不超温。催化剂预
硫化48h。（以厂家提供数据为准）
Increase the bed temperature at the rate of 20°C/h to 250°C and then start the
constant-temperature sulfurization; sample the H2S and oxygen at the inlet and
outlet of reactor every hour and analyze their content. When the concentration of
H2S at the inlet and outlet of reactor reaches equilibrium concentration, increase
the temperature to 300°C for further sulfurization; sample the H2S at the inlet and
outlet of reactor and analyze its content. When the concentration of H2S at the inlet
and outlet of reactor reaches equilibrium concentration, catalyst sulfurization is
completed. Pay attention to controlling the bed temperature within the specified
range. Presulfurize the catalyst for 48h(the data provided by the manufacturer shall
prevail) .
预硫化流程：
Presulfurization Process:
[ I ]- 调节 312-TIC-030 控制反应器入口温度在 250℃

[I] - Adjust 312-TIC-030 to control the reactor inlet temperature at 250°C.
[ I ]- 手动缓慢打开 312-AIC-002
[I]- Open 312-AIC-002 manually and slowly.
[ P ]- 打开加氢反应器氢气入口阀
[P]- Open the hydrogen inlet valve for hydrogenation reactor.
[ I ]- 调整 312-AIC-002 的开度，控制氢含量在 2～5％之间

[I]- Adjust the opening of 312-AIC-002 to control the hydrogen content within the
range of 2% - 5%.
(I)- 确认 312-R03 床层温度有温升

(I)- Confirm bed temperature rise occurs with 312-R03.
[I]- 联系化验分析 312-R03 出入口气 H2S 含量，频率：1 次/1 小时

[I]- Contact the assayer to analyze the H2S content of the gas at the inlet and
outlet of 312-R03 once an hour.
( I )- 确认床层温度不再上升，312-R03 出入口 H2S 含量平衡时 250℃预硫

化结束
(I)- Confirm the 250°C presulfurization is completed when the bed temperature no
longer rises and the H2S content at the inlet and outlet of 312-R03 achieves
equilibrium.
[I]- 控制 312-TIC-030 反应器入口温度在 300℃

[I] - Adjust 312-TIC-030 to control the reactor inlet temperature at 300°C.
( I )- 确认 312-R03 床层温度有温升
(I)- Confirm bed temperature rise occurs with 312-R03.
[ I ]- 联系化验分析 312-R03 出入口气 H2S 含量，频率：1 次/1 小时

[I]- Contact the assayer to analyze the H2S content of the gas at the inlet and
outlet of 312-R03 once an hour.
(I)- 确认床层温度不再上升，312-R03 出入口 H2S 含量平衡时 300℃预硫

化结束
(I)- Confirm the 300°C presulfurization is completed when the bed temperature no
longer rises and the H2S content at the inlet and outlet of 312-R03 achieves
equilibrium.
3.3.4.4 引清洁酸性气进燃烧炉
Introduction of Clean Sour Gas to Combustion Furnace
[ I ]- 设定 312-FIC-007:312-FIC-005 比值≈1.7～2
[ I ]- Set the 312-FIC-007:312-FIC-005 ratio to about 1.7 - 2.
[ I ]- 按“投用清洁酸性气”按钮
[ I ]- Press Put Clean Sour Gas into Service button.
( I )- 确认清洁酸性气联锁阀 312-XCV-006 打开
(I)- Confirm the clean sour gas interlock valve 312-XCV-006 is open.
[ I ]- 手动调节 312-FIC-005A 引酸气进 312-F01

[ I ]- Manually adjust FIC005A to introduce sour gas to 312-F01.
( P)- 确认 312-F01 酸性气已点燃且火焰正常

( P)- Confirm the sour gas for F01 has been ignited and the flame is normal.
[ I ]- 开大酸性气流量调节阀 312-FIC-005A，同时缓慢关闭 312-FIC-001、

312-FIC-003
[ I ]- Turn up the sour gas flow control valve FIC005A. At the same time, close
312-FIC-001 and 312-FIC-003 slowly.
[ P ]- 关闭燃料气手阀
[P]- Close the fuel gas valve.
[ I ]- 调整主空气流量调节阀 312-FIC-007
[I]- Adjust main air flow control valve 312-FIC-007.
( I )- 确认清洁酸气与风比值为 1：1.7～2
( I )- Confirm the ratio of clean sour gas to air is 1: 1.7 - 2.
( I )- 确认 TI007 温度稳定在 1250～1350℃

( I )- Confirm the temperature of 312-TI-007 is maintained at 1250 - 1350°C.
( I )- 确认 312-R01、312-R02 床层温度缓慢上升
( I )- Confirm the bed temperature of 312-R01 and 312-R02 rises slowly.
[ I ]- 调整配风,投用 H2S/SO2 比值分析仪

[ I ]- Adjust the gas mixing ratio and put H2S/SO2 ratio analyzer into service.
3.3.4.5 液硫系统投用
Putting-into-Service of Liquid Sulfur System
[P]- 关闭液硫罐 312-V07 顶部呼吸管阀

[P]- Close the valve on the breather line on the top of sulfur storage tank 312-V07.
[P]- 打开液硫罐 312-V07 氮气阀

[P]- Open the nitrogen valve for sulfur storage tank 312-V07.
[ P ]- 打开气抽 312-J01A/B 入口阀

[P]- Open the inlet valve for sulfur degassing ejector 312-J01A/B.
[ P ]- 打开气抽至 312-F02 排气阀

[P]- Open the exhaust valve on the line from sulfur degassing ejector to 312-F02.
[ P ]- 稍开气抽工业风阀，并确认气抽运行正常
[P]- Slightly open the plant air valve for sulfur degassing ejector and confirm the
sulfur degassing ejector runs normally.
[ P ]- 稍开硫冷器液硫排污阀
[P]- Slightly open the liquid sulfur blowdown valve for sulfur condenser.
(P) - 确认排污阀排出硫磺正常无积炭
(P) - Confirm the sulfur discharged from the blowdown valve is normal and no
carbon deposit is found from it.
[ P ]- 打开硫封罐入口阀
[P]- Open the inlet valve for sulfur seal pot.
( I )- 确认 312-LI-013A/B/C/D 达到 30%
(I)- Confirm the level (312-LI-013A/B/C/D) reaches 30%.
[ P ]- 按规程启动液硫泵 312-P03A 输送液流至 312-C03，建立流液循环脱

气
[P]- Start the liquid sulfur pump 312-P03A according to the procedure to convey
the liquid flow to 312-C03 and establish the liquid circulation for degassing.
[P]- 按规程启动液硫输送泵 312-P04B，输送液流至 312-S01

[P]- Start the liquid sulfur loading pump 312-P04B according to the procedure to
convey the liquid flow to 312-S01.
(I)- 确认 312-LI-015AB 达到 30%

(I)- Confirm the level (LI015AB) reaches 30%.
[P]- 按规程启动液硫泵 312-P07A 输送液流至成型机

[P]- Start the liquid sulfur pump 312-P07A according to the procedure to convey
the liquid flow to the sulphur solidification system.
(P) - 确认液流脱气循环正常以后将循环废气改至 312-F01

(P) - Confirm the liquid flow degassing cycle is normal and then divert the
recycle waste gas to 312-F01.
3.4 开工说明（C 级）
Startup Instructions (Class C)
3.4.1 开工要求
Startup Requirements
1. 确认装置内做到工完、料尽、场地清。
Confirm that keep sound practices for housekeeping, which is to say, work finished,
materials cleaned up, work area cleared up.
2. 确认检修项目全部完成，符合工艺要求。
Confirm that all inspection and maintenance are completed, and meet process
requirements.
3. 对本岗位的阀门、管线、法兰、盲板、安全阀、压力表、液面计、仪表、
机泵、蒸汽伴热线、上下水管道进行全面检查，有问题及时解决。
Conduct overall inspection of valves, pipelines, flanges, blinds, pressure relief
valves, pressure gauges, interface gauges, instruments, pumps, steam tracing line
as well as water supply and drainage, and address the issues if any.
4. 确认盲板是否按照要求拆除或装好（包括停工检修盲板和气密时所加盲板）
。
Check if blinds are removed or installed in accordance with requirements (including
blinds for shutdown, maintenance and the added blinds during tightness).
5. 确认全部工艺阀门关闭。
Confirm that all process valves are closed.
6. 确认各换热器、冷却器试压时的存水放净。
Confirm that drain water completely after pressure test for each heat exchanger
and cooler.
7. 联系供风收氮气。
Contact to supply nitrogen.
8. 安全、通讯、消防器材齐全、完好、就位。
Safety, telecommunication and fire-fighting equipment are in sound condition and
in place.
9. 通知调度、储运、化验、仪表、动力、维修等单位，要求他们做好相应准
备工作。
Inform departments of scheduling, storage and transportation, Lab, instrument,
power as well as maintenance to make corresponding preparations.
10. 确认水、电、汽、风随时可进入装置。
Confirm that water, electricity, steam and air is ready to introduce into unit at any
time.
11. 确认可燃气体报警仪测试合格。
Confirm that the combustible and toxic gas detector is qualified in test.
12. 确认H2S气体报警仪测试合格。
Confirm that the H2S portable detector is qualified in test.
14. 确认装置平台和护栏完好。
Confirm platforms and guardrails are in good condition.
3.4.2 塔及容器的检查
Inspection of columns and vessels
1. 检查塔及容器的设计压力和温度、操作压力和温度以及设计处理能力是否
符合工艺要求。
Check if the design & operating pressure and temperature, and designed capacity
conforms to process requirement.
2. 检查塔及容器的铭牌是否完好。设计介质、材质、厚度、腐蚀裕度是否符
合设计要求。
Check nameplate of columns and vessels for perfection, and the design medium,
material, thickness as well as corrosion against design requirement.
3. 检查塔及容器的开口方位、法兰等级及材质型式是否符合设计要求。
Check if the nozzle orientation of columns and vessels, rating and materials of
flange conform to design requirements.
4. 检查塔及容器的基础是否符合设计要求，地脚螺栓是否符合规范。
Check whether the foundation and anchor bolt of columns and vessels are in
conformity with design requirement.
5. 检查容器的内件是否符合设计要求。
Check the vessel internals for conformance with the design specification.
6. 检查塔盘开孔率、孔中心距、孔径是否符合设计要求，塔盘安装的水平度
要求不大于±2 mm，符合设计规范。
Verify that the tray open area, center distance and diameter of hole are in
conformity with design requirements, that mounted levelness of trays is less than
±2 mm as required.
7. 检查塔内溢流堰、降液管、抽出层受液盘、液封盘是否干净，安装是否符
合规范，检查溢流堰高度、堰板水平度是否合乎要求。
Check if the overflow weir, downcomer, receiving tray and liquid seal tray in the
column are clean, if the installation is up to specification, and if the height of
overflow weir and the levelness of weir plates are acceptable.
8. 检查塔及容器内附件的螺栓是否符合要求，螺栓是否已上紧。
Verify that bolts of column and vessel internals conform to requirements and
already tightened.
9. 检查塔及容器的放空阀、安全阀是否已装好，是否符合要求，安全阀的铅
封是否完好。
Check that vent valves and pressure relief valves of the column and vessel are
mounted in accordance with requirements, and that car seal of the pressure relief
valve is in sound condition.
10. 检查塔及容器的测温热偶及测压设施是否齐全好用，现场压力表是否都经
检查。
Check if thermocouple for columns and vessels and pressure measuring
instrument are complete and easy to use, and all field pressure gauges already
inspected.
11. 检查与塔及容器相连的管线阀门是否灵活好用。
Check if valves on pipelines connected to column and vessel are free to move.
12. 检查塔及容器的平台是否符合设计要求，是否便于现场维修。
Check if platforms of column and vessel follow the design requirement and are
easy for on-site maintenance.
13. 检查保温层的规格、厚度、外包铅皮是否美观规范。
Check specification, thickness and outer lead packing of insulation layers, whether
or not, conform to regulations, featured by nice appearance.
14. 检查与塔及容器相连的工艺管线是否齐全，是否符合工艺需要。
Check process pipelines connected to the columns and vessels, whether or not,
meet process requirement.
15. 检查塔及容器的液面测量设施是否好用，玻璃液面计是否干净，是否便于
现场观察。
Verify that level meters of columns and vessels are in sound condition, whether the
interface glass gauge is clean and easy for observation.
3.4.3 换热器、冷却器、空气冷却器的检查
Inspection of Heat Exchangers, Coolers and Air Coolers
1. 检查铭牌上设计温度、温差、压力、流量、程数、换热面积、热负荷、流
体介质是否符合要求。
Check if the design temperature, temperature difference, pressure, flow, number of

passes, heat exchange area, duty and fluid medium indicated on nameplates are in
conformity with requirement.
2. 检查冷换设备的基础是否牢固，安装是否准确，其地脚螺栓是否一头上紧
另一头只作固定位置，留有热胀冷缩的余地。
Check if the foundation of heat exchange equipment is firm and installation is
correct with one end of the anchor bolt being fastened to the other for location
fixing, leaving room for thermal expansion and contraction.
3. 检查冷换设备的头盖垫片、螺栓是否正确安装上紧，材质是否符合要求。
Check if the head gasket and bolts of heat exchange equipment are tightly
fastened in a correct way, and materials comply with the requirement.
4. 检查冷换设备的进出口法兰与工艺管线的法兰是否对正，垫片安装是否正
确，螺栓是否上紧，所连的管线是否符合工艺要求。
Check if heater exchanger nozzle flange and pipeline flange are aligned, and
gasket installation is correct, bolts are tightened and connected pipelines comply to
the process requirement.
5. 检查冷换设备进出口管线上的温度计、压力表。热电偶是否配备齐全，是
否符合设计要求。
Inspect the thermometer (gauge) and pressure transmitter (gauge) on the inlet and
out pipelines of the heat exchange.Check whether thermocouple fully equipped
and in conformity with design requirement.
6. 检查空冷器翅片是否完好，变形的要及时修复，风机叶片安装是否正确，
风扇风叶角是否依据设计能够调整。
Check for the perfection of air cooler fins and repair the deformed if any; check if
the installation of fan blades is correct, and angle can be adjusted according to
design.
7. 检查风机与电机的安装是否对正，皮带联动是否适宜，螺栓是否上齐上紧
。
Check for alignment of fans and motors installation; see if belt linkage is proper and
bolts are complete and fastened tight.
8. 检查风机、电机的转动方向是否符合设计要求，运转是否轻快自如。
Check if the rotating direction of fan motor is correct, and free to rotate..
9. 检查空冷器安全罩是否安装良好、牢固。
Check the safety guard of air coolers for proper installation and fastness.
10. 检查冷换设备保温施工是否达到设计要求，保温的厚度、材质是否符合要
求。
Check if constructions, thickness and materials of the heat exchange insulation
comply with the design requirement.
11. 检查冷换设备的接地线是否齐全符合规格。
Check ground wires of the heat exchange equipment for conformance with the
specification.
3.4.4 泵的检查
Inspection of Pumps
1. 检查铭牌上泵的压头、排量、设计及操作温度和压力等是否满足工艺要求
。
Verify head, capacity, design and operating temperature and pressure of pumps
indicated on nameplates are up to the process requirement.
2. 检查泵的型号、材质、法兰及密封、轴承、泵的级数、润滑油和冷却系统
是否符合设计要求。
Verify if types, materials, flanges and seals, bearing and stage of pumps, as well as
lube oil and cooling systems are up to the process requirement.
3. 检查与泵相配的电机电压、电流、功率、转速是否符合设计要求，是否与
泵相匹配。
Verify if voltage, current, power and rotating speed of motors are up to the design
requirement and match with pumps.
4. 检查泵体、电机各连接螺栓及地脚螺栓是否上好。对轮对齐及螺栓上好后，
盘车是否轻快自如。
Verify if each connecting bolt and anchor bolt of pumps and motors is well fastened.
Check bearings after coupling alignment and bolts fastness complete.
5. 检查与泵连接的工艺管线是否配备齐全，法兰是否对正，螺栓是否按规范
上紧。
Check for the completeness of process pipeline connected to pumps, see if flanges
are aligned and bolt tightness is up to specifications.
6. 检查泵进出口压力表是否安装齐全，出口单向阀的方向是否准确。
Check whether the pressure gauge at the suction and discharge of pumps is
installed completely, and direction of the check valve at the discharge line is
correct.
7. 检查泵体机械密封是否良好。
Inspect whether the mechanical seal of pumps are in sound condition
8. 检查泵的运转方向是否正确。
Check whether pumps run in the correct direction
9. 检查各机泵的接地是否良好。
Check grounding of each pump is in sound condition.
3.4.5 试压要求及注意事项
Requirements and Cautions for Pressure Test
1) 试压前必须详细检查流程。
Fully inspect process before pressure test.
2) 试压过程要由专人负责，必须做好记录、试压结束后操作人员签名。
In addition to appointing persons to take responsibility by making records during
the pressure test, the operator’s signature is needed when the test is completed.
3) 泵入口装过滤网，以防把焊渣，铁锈等脏物扫入泵体。
Install screens at the suction of pumps to prevent dirt like welding slags and rust
being sucked into pumps.
4) 引蒸汽先放尽冷凝水，给汽要慢，以防水击，放空见汽后先贯通，再吹扫，
然后憋压试压，憋压速度要慢，防止设备超压。
Completely drain out condensate before introducing steam. Steam introducing rate
shall be slowly to prevent “water hammer”. When steam is observed at the vent
nozzle, ensure steam going thorough before purging procedure is carried out, then
begin pressure buildup with a slow rate to prevent equipment overpressure.
5) 冷却器，换热器扫线时，管壳程分别进行，—程试压，另一程放空要打开，
以防由于水汽化而损坏设备。
In terms of heat exchanger, tube and shell pass should purge respectively with one
pass testing pressure while the vent valve on the another pass should be open to
prevent equipment damage caused by water vaporization.
6) 检查所有的放空是否畅通，若有堵塞应及时处理，放空处不要开得过大，
防止管线内大量蒸汽喷出伤人。
Check if all vent points are unblocked with prompt treatment for blocked ones.
Moreover, do not fully open vent valves to prevent against injuries caused by large
quantities of steam ejected from pipelines.
7) 没有热补偿的长管线不能用蒸汽吹扫。
The long pipelines without heat-compensation are not allowed to be purged with
steam.
8) 换热器付线要过汽，控制阀、流量计走付线。
Steam shall pass through the bypass line of heat exchanger, and the control valve
and flowmeter shall be installed on the bypass line.
9) 高压系统试压时，要检查好与低压系统联通的流程是否加好盲板，严防高
压串低压引起事故。
When testing high pressure (HP) system, check to confirm blind for absolutely
isolating HP system and LP system already correctly installed so as to prevent
accidents caused by the pressure breakthrough from HP into LP.
3.4.6 气密检查方法
Inspection Methods for Tightness
1. 检查气密点是否泄漏，用刷子刷肥皂水或洗耳球喷肥皂水于气密点上，观
察是否有鼓泡，若有，则说明该点是泄漏点，需标上记号，并及时联系处
理。
Applying or spraying soapy water on tightness points with brush or ear syringe to
see if there exist bubbles. If bubbles are observed, that means there is a leakage
point which should be marked for prompt repair by related personnel.
2. 对于小间隙气密点，可采用胶粘纸封住法兰，然后在胶粘纸上开一小孔，
再检查小孔处是否有漏气，若有，则说明该点是泄漏点，需标上记号，并
及时联系处理。
As for tightness points with small clearance, firstly, seal the flange with adhesive
papers, on which it makes a tiny hole to see whether there is leakage. If bubbles
are observed, that means there is a leakage point which should be marked for
prompt repair by related personnel.
3. 导淋、放空等气密点可将其放空短节插入肥皂水中进行检查。
Tightness points in drain and vent valves can be inspected by putting them into
soapy water.
3.4.7 气密试验的注意事项
Cautions for Tightness Test
1. 升压速度要缓慢，气密试验压力严格按要求的压力进行，不得超压。
In the tighteness test, the pressure shall be strictly rose in a slow manner according
to the pressure standard, and overpressure shall be prevented.
2. 发现漏点，应及时做好记号，操作人员自己能处理的应及时处理，不能处
理的应汇报技术组或联系保运人员处理。
The leakages shall be marked timely and addressed by operator promptly if the
problem is in his competence, otherwise report it to the technology group or contact
maintenance personnel to take measures.
3. 严密监视系统压力，防止设备超压，特别要防止高压窜低压。另外要密切
注意监视由于环境气温变化引起系统内气体膨胀而使设备超压。
Strictly monitor the system pressure to prevent overpressure, especially
breakthrough from HP into LP.In addition, closely monitor the overpressure caused
by the expansion of gases in the system due to ambient temperature variation.
4. 三阀组隔离导淋打开，防止高压窜低压。
Open the drain valve between the two block valves to prevent pressure
breakthrough from HP into LP.
5. 气密试验应根据各部分操作压力的不同分区进行，各区之间如采用盲板隔
离，所用盲板应登记好。
The tightness test should be conducted by partitions according to different
operating pressure of each part. If each partition is separated by the blind, the used
blind should be registered.
6. 气密试验过程中，要统一指挥，各区域气密人员要相互联系，密切配合，
按规定进行，不能出现争抢气密用氮气(时间应错开)。
During the tightness test, personnel conducting tightness in each area should obey
uniform command with close cooperation and being in accordance with regulations,
thus avoiding scrambling for the nitrogen used in tightness(nitrogen using time
should be staggered).
7. 每一系统气密时，必须有两块以上压力表观察压力，压力表的精确度要求
为0.4级，量程为气密最高压力的1.5～2倍。
During tightness, every system shall have more than 2 pressure gauges with
accuracy grade of 0.4 and measuring range being 1.5~2 times the maximum
tightness pressure to monitor pressure.
4 停工规程
SHUTDOWN PROCEDURE
4.1 停工统筹图
Shutdown Network Diagram
共需6天
6 days required
2～3天 1天 3天 1天 1天
2 - 3 days 1 days 3 days 1 days 1 days 交付检修
Delivery and
maintenance
反应炉、焚烧炉停炉降温加盲板
Shut down the reactor and incinerator for cooling. 急冷塔、吸收塔清洗 Install blinds
酸性气负荷低于30%时，切出加氢切断酸性气进料、切换至燃料钝化
反应器，对转化器进行热浸泡操作气燃烧模式，进行制硫系统吹 Clean and passivate
When the sour gas load is less 硫操作 the quench column
than 30%, switch off the Stop feeding sour gas, switch 同步进行钝化、加盲板相关准备工作 and absorber.
hydrogenation reactor and dip the to the fuel gas combustion Conduct relative preparative works like
Claus reactor in hot solution. mode, and purge the sulfur in inserting and blind installation simultaneously
the sulfur production system.
图4-1停工统筹图
Fig. 4-1shutdown network diagram
硫磺回收装置停工统筹图
Shutdown Network Diagram for Sulfur Recovery Unit
Copyrights of this table are reserved by CC-7, any information contained herein, without prior written permit of CC-7, shall be neither copied or disclosed to
any third party in any form, nor applied completely or partially in any form for any other purposes than the intended project.
DRAWING NO. 14089-03312-A-620 Rev. 0 105 of 310
4.2 停工纲要（A 级）
Shutdown Outline (Grade A)
初始状态 S0
Initial state S0
装置处于稳定生产状态
The unit is in stable production state
4.2.1 停工前的准备
Preparation Before Shutdown
4.2.1.1 停工前的准备工作
Preparation before Shutdown
4.2.1.2 停工要求和注意事项
Shutdown Requirements and Precautions
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
停工前的准备工作完毕
Prerequisites before shutdown is completed
4.2.2 制硫部分停工
Shutdown of Sulfur Production Section
4.2.2.1 反应系统热浸泡
Hot Dipping of Reaction System
稳定状态 S2
Steady State S2
反应系统热浸泡结束
Hot dipping of reaction system is completed.
4.2.2.2 制硫系统吹硫
Sulfur Purge of Sulfur Production System
A2.1 制硫尾气切出尾气处理单元
Cutting off the Supply of Tail Gas for Sulfur Production to Tail Gas Treating Unit
A2.2 制硫系统吹硫
A2.3 系统排硫
Sulfur Emission of System
稳定状态 S3
Steady state S3
反应系统吹硫、降温结束,液硫系统排空，
The sulfur purge and cooling of reaction system are
completed. The liquid sulfur system is drained out.
4.2.2.3 制硫系统降温
Cooling of Sulfur Production System
4.2.2.4 制硫部分停工后的处理
Treatment after Shutdown of Sulfur Production Section
A4.1 酸性气分液罐水洗
Washing of Sour Gas Knockout Drum
A4.2 酸性气系统隔离吹扫加盲板
Isolation, Purge and Blinding of Sour Gas System
A.4.3 锅炉给水停用
Stop Boiler Feed Water Supply
稳定状态 S4
Steady state S4
制硫燃烧炉系统降温结束，
The cooling of combustion furnace system for sulfur
production is completed.
4.2.3 加氢尾气处理系统停工
Shutdown of Hydrogenated Tail Gas Treatment System
4.2.3.1 尾气处理系统建立 N2 循环
Establishment of N2 Circulation for Tail Gas Treatment System
4.2.3.2 加氢反应催化剂钝化
Passivation of Catalyst for Hydrogenation Reaction
4.2.3.3 尾气急冷、吸收系统冲洗、吹扫
Tail Gas Quenching and Absorption System Flushing and Purge
4.2.3.3.1 吸收塔退胺
Amine Return of Absorber
A3.2 吸收塔水冲洗
Washing of Absorber
A3.3 急冷塔水冲洗
Washing of Quench Column
A3.4 吸收塔钝化
Passivation of Absorber
A3.5 急冷塔钝化
Passivation of Quench Column
4.2.4 焚烧炉系统停工
Shutdown of Incinerator System
4.2.4.1 焚烧炉降温熄火
Cooling and flameout of Incinerator
4.2.4.2 燃料气（FG）系统吹扫
Purge of Fuel Gas (FG) System
稳定状态 S5
Steady State S5
焚烧炉降温结束、尾气系统物料退净，系统界区隔离
The cooling of incinerator is completed, all feedstock is returned from
tail gas system and the system battery limit is isolated.
4.2.5 系统隔离
Isolation of System
4.2.6 系统置换交检修
Replacement and Delivery for Maintenance of System
4.2.6.1 系统自然通风置换
Natural Ventilation and Replacement of System
4.2.6.2 装置内动设备电机断电
Power failure of Motor for Dynamic Equipment in Unit
最终状态 FS
Final state FS
系统置换合格，盲板隔离，交付检修
System replacement is qualified with isolated blinds, and delivery for
maintenance
4.3 停工操作（B 级）
Shutdown Operation (Grade B)
初始状态 S0
Initial state S0
装置处于稳定生产状态
The unit is in stable production state
确认
Confirm
(I)- 原料气进料正常
(I)- The feed gas is fed normally.
(I)- 烃含量≤2%(V)
(I)- The hydrocarbon content is not more than 2%(V).
(I)- H2S 含量≥80%(V)

(I)- The H2S content is not less than 80%(V).
(I)- 反应系统运行正常
(I)- The reaction system runs normally.
(I)- 312-V01/V02 压力≤60Kpa

(I)- The pressure of 312-V01/V02 is not more than 60Kpa.
(I)- 312-F01 温度 1250～1300℃

(I)- The temperature of 312-F01 is 1250 - 1300°C.
(I)- 312-R01 入口温度 230~250℃

(I)- The temperature at the inlet of 312-R01 is 230 -250°C.
(I)- 312-R02 入口温度 210~230℃

(I)- The inlet temperature of 312-R02 is 210 -230°C.
(I)- 312-E01 液位 50%~70%

(I)- The level of 312-E01 is 50% - 70%
(I)- 312-E01 蒸汽压力 1.2-1.4MPa

(I)- The steam pressure of 312-E01 is 1.2-1.4MPa.
(I)- 312-E01 过程气出口温度≯343℃

(I)- The process gas outlet temperature of 312-E01 is not more than 343°C.
(I)- 312-E04 过程气出口温度 130～150℃

(I)- The process gas outlet temperature of 312-E04 is 130 -150°C.
(I)- 尾气系统运行正常
(I)- The tail gas system runs normally.
(I)- 312-F02 温度 550～650℃

(I)- The temperature of 312-F02 is 550 -650°C.
(I)- 312-E08 过热蒸汽温度不大于 300℃

(I)- The superheated steam temperature of312- E08 is not more than 300°C.
(I)- 312-R03 入口温度 295℃

(I)- The inlet temperature of 312-R03 is 295°C.
(I)- 312-R03 床层温度不超过 380℃

(I)- The bed temperature of 312-R03 is not more than 380°C.
(I)- 急冷塔出口气体 312-AIC-002：H2≈2%~5%

(I)- The H2 content at the outlet of quench column (312-AIC-002) is 2% -5%.
(I)- 急冷塔顶出口温度 312-TIC-036≤42℃

(I)- The outlet temperature on the top of quench column (312-TIC-036) is not more
than 42°C.
(I)- 急冷水的 PH 值 312-AI-005：=7.0～9.0

(I)- The PH value of quench water (312-AI-005) is 7.0 -9.0.
(I)- 烟道气温度 312-TI-031：280~310℃

(I)- The flue gas temperature (312-TI-031) is 280 -310°C.
(I)- 各机泵运行正常
(I)- All pumps run normally.
(I)- 产品质量合格
(I)- The product quality is acceptable.
4.3.1 停工前的准备
Preparation Before Shutdown
4.3.1.1 停工前的准备工作
Preparation before Shutdown
[ M ] - 联系调度确定准确的停工时间
[M]- Contact scheduler to obtain the accurate shutdown time.
( M ) - 确认各岗位人员已经阅读、掌握停工方案
(M)- Confirm all persons on post have read and understood the shutdown scheme.
[ M ] - 通知仪表、电气、维修有关部门装置停车时间，要求其做好停工配合
工作
[M] – Inform unit shutdown time to the related departments including instrument,
electrical, maintenance and ask them to cooperate closely during shutdown
procedure.
[ M ] - 配合技术人员准备好盲板明细表
[M]- Cooperate with personnel to prepare the blind list.
[P]- 配合队伍按要求准备好所用盲板
[P]- Cooperate with the team to prepare the blinds as required.
[ M ] - 联系调度，保证停工期间蒸汽、氮气、生产水的供给
[M]- Contact scheduler to ensure the supply of steam, nitrogen and plant water
during shutdown period.
( M ) - 确认可燃气体报警仪设施完好
(M) - Confirm that the alarm apparatus of flammable gas is in good condition.
( M ) - 确认硫化氢 H2S 报警仪设施完好

(M)- Confirm the hydrogen sulfide (H2S) alarm apparatus are in good condition.
(P) - 确认消防设施、消防水、灭火器、消防蒸汽带设施完好
(P) - Confirm fire extinguishing facilities, fire water, fire extinguishers and fire steam
hoses are in good condition.
(P) - 确认便携式 H2S 报警仪（2 个）

(P) - Confirm the number of portable H2S alarm apparatus (2).
[P]- 准备好过滤式防毒面具 2 套，空气呼吸器 2 套

[P]- Prepare 2 sets of filter-type respirators and 2 sets of respirators.
(P) - 确认通讯设施电话、对讲机完备好用
(P) - Confirm the telephones and intercoms for communication facilities are
complete and easy to use.
(P) - 确认停工所用工具准备齐全
(P) - Confirm all tools necessary for shutdown are prepared.
[ P ] —准备 2 套排硫防护服
[P]- Prepare 2 protective clothing for sulfur emission.
稳定状态 S1：
Steady State S1:
停工前的准备工作完毕
Prerequisites before shutdown is
completed
状态确认：
Status to be confirmed to extent that:
( M ) - 蒸汽、氮气已排净凝结水，准备好
(M)- Condensate has been drained from steam and nitrogen and steam and
nitrogen are ready for use.
( M ) - 停工盲板准备完毕
(M) - Preparation for the shutdown blind is completed.
( M ) - 各种报警仪设施完好
(M) - A variety of alarm detectors are in sound condition.
( M ) - 各种消防设施完好
(M) - A variety of firefighting facilities are in sound condition.
( M ) - 各种劳动保护准备齐全
(M) - A variety of personal protections are fully equipped.
( M ) - 停工所用工具准备齐全
(M) - Tools required for shutdown are fully equipped.
4.3.1.2 停工要求和注意事项（见 C 级说明）

Shutdown Requirements and Precautions (See Grade C Notes)
4.3.2 制硫部分停工
Shutdown of Sulfur Production Section
4.3.2.1 反应系统热浸泡
Hot Dipping of Reaction System
浸泡流程：
Dipping Process:
312-F01→312-E01→312-E02→312-R01→312-E05(管/T) →312-E03(管/T)
→ 312-E05( 壳 /S) → 312-R02 → 312-E04 → 312-V05 → 312-E07 （壳 /S ） →
312-R03 →312-E06 →312-C01 →312-C02 →312-F02 →312-E08(壳/S)
→312-E07(管/T) →312-SK01
[ I ] - 调整 312-TV-015 操作参数，使 312-R01 进口温度以 20℃/h 升温速度
进行升温，直到 312-R01 床层中部温度达到 300～320℃，恒温操作
。
[I]- Adjust the operation parameters of 312-TV-015 to ensure the temperature at
the inlet of 312-R01 rises at the rate of 20°C/h. When the temperature in the
middle part of the bed reaches 300 - 320°C, maintain the temperature.
[I]- 调整 312-TV-016 操作参数,使 312-R02 的进口温度以 20℃/h 进行升

温，床层中部温度达到 300～320℃时，恒温操作。
[I]- Adjust the operation parameters of 312-TV-016 to ensure the temperature at
the outlet of R02 rises at the rate of 20°C/h. When the temperature in the
middle part of the bed reaches 300 - 320°C, maintain the temperature.
[I]- 在此操作中，一转入口温度 312-TIC-015、二转入口温度 312-TIC-016

不超过 300℃。
[I]- In this operation, the temperature at the inlet of 1stClaus reactor (312-TIC-015)
and the temperature at the inlet of 2nd Claus reactor (312-TIC-016) shall not
exceed 300°C.
[I]- 热浸泡时，酸性气流量必须达到 300Nm3/h 以上，酸性气流量、组成

必须稳定，波动小，通过配风控制过程气 312-V05 出口中 H2S/SO2
为 2。如上游装置来量波动，可以将酸性气部分放火炬；组成波动，
联系上游装置平稳操作或改放火炬；为保证操作顺利建议参考比值分
析仪的显示数据。
[I]- During hot dipping, make sure the sour gas flow is more than 300Nm3/h and
the sour gas flow and components is steady without great fluctuation; control
the H2S/SO2 ratio at the outlet of 312-V05 by gas mixing and ensure it is 2.If
the inflow of upstream unit fluctuates, vent the sour gas to flare. If components
change, contact the upstream unit personnel to operate stably or vent to flare.
To ensure smooth operation, it is recommended to refer to the data indicated
by ratio analyzer.
[I]- 在反应器最高床温不超过 380℃情况下适当提大配风量。

[I]- Increase the gas mixing flow properly when maximum reactor bed temperature
is not more than 380°C.
[I]- 注意除转化器的工艺参数外，其他操作参数指标的控制按工艺卡片规
定执行。
[I]- Pay attention to controlling operation parameters, except process parameters
of Claus reactors, according to process cards.
[I]- 化验分析按正常生产的频率与项目进行。
[I]- Assay the items at proper frequency as required by normal production.
[I]- 加氢部分维持原状态，并及时调整配氢量。氢气余量控制在 2%~5%

[I]- Keep the hydrogenation section in original condition and adjust the hydrogen
mixing flow timely.Control the residual hydrogen volume at 2% - 5%.
[I]- 该操作为 24 小时，浸泡结束后，把一级反应器、二级反应器入口温降

至正常范围。
[I]- The duration of this operation is 24 hours. After dipping, decrease the
temperature at the inlet of 1st and 2nd reactor only when it falls within the
normal range.
稳定状态 S2
Steady State S2
反应系统热浸泡结束
Hot dipping of reaction system is completed.
确认
Confirm
( M ) - 反应系统热浸泡结束
( M) - Hot dipping of reaction system is completed.
(I)- 系统工艺参数稳定
(I)- System process parameters are stable.
(I)- 312-R01 的入口温度 230~250℃

(I)- The temperature at the inlet of 312-R01 is 230 - 250°C.
(I)- 312-R02 的入口温度 210~230℃

(I)- The temperature at the inlet of 312-R02 is 210 - 230°C.
4.3.2.2 制硫系统吹硫
烟气吹扫硫流程：
Process for Sulfur Purge of Flue Gas:
312-F01→312-E01→312-E02→312-R01→312-E05(管/T) →312-E03(管/T)
→ 312-E05( 壳 /S) → 312-R02 → 312-E04 → 312-V05 → 312-HV-003B →
312-HV-003C →312-F02→312-E08(壳/S) →312-E07(管/T) →312-SK01
B2.1 切除制硫尾气，尾气系统建立 N2 循环
B2.1 Cut off the supply of tail gas for sulfur production and establish the N2
circulation for tail gas system.
尾气循环流程：
Tails Gas Circulation Process:
312-C02关
312-
312 -C02 312-PV021 312-F02
closed SK01
312- 312- 312- 312- 312- 312-
312-E06
C01 V06 K02A E07 R03 C01
[I] 打开 312-HV-003B、312-HV-003C 关闭 312-HV-003A 将制硫

尾气改出尾气处理单元，直接去 312-F02
[I] Divert the tail gas for sulfur production to 312-F02 directly instead of
tail gas treating unit by opening 312-HV-003B and 312-HV-003C and
closing 312-HV-003A.
[I]- 关闭 312-XCV-014、312-AV-002 停止加氢反应器 312-R03 加

氢
[I]- Close 312-XCV-014 and 312-AV-002 to stop the hydrogenation of
312-R03.
[P]- 关闭 312-K02A 空气入口阀

[P]- Close the air inlet valve for 312-K02A.
[P]- 稍开 312-K02A 入口氮气阀向系统充氮

[P]- Slightly open the inlet nitrogen valve for 312-K02A to inject nitrogen
into the system.
(P) - 确认 312-K02A 空气出口阀关，312-K02A 出口放空阀关

(P) - Confirm the air outlet valve for 312-K02A and the vent valve at the
outlet of 312-K02A are closed.
(P) - 确认 312-K02A 循环气进口阀开

(P) - Confirm the recycle gas outlet valve for 312-K02A is open.
[P]- 打开 312-K02A 循环气出口阀

[P]- Open the recycle gas outlet valve for 312-K02A.
(I)- 确认 312-HC-004 全开
(I)- Confirm HC004 is fully open.
[I]- 全开 312-K02A 出口压控阀 312-PIC-021

[I]- Fully open the pressure control valve 312-PIC-021 at the outlet of
312-K02A.
[P]- 全开 312-V06 至 312-K02A 循环气入口阀

[P]- Fully open the recycle gas inlet valve on the line from V06 to K02A.
[P]- 按照规程启动 312-K02A

[P]- 调整 312-K02A 入口氮气阀开度，使 312-PIC-021 压力稳定约

10Kpa。
[P]- Adjust the opening of the inlet nitrogen valve for 312-K02A to ensure
the pressure of 312-PIC-021 stabilizes around 10Kpa.
(P) - 确认 312-K02A 运行正常，氮气循环正常

(P) - Confirm K02A runs normally and nitrogen circulation is normal.
[I]- 312-PIC-021 投自动，SP 值＝10KPa

[I]- Switch 312-PIC-021 to automatic mode and control the SP value at
10KPa.
[P]- 关闭 H2 界区阀
[P] - Close the H2 battery limit valve.
(P) - 联系仪表停用 H2 在线分析仪

(P) - Contact the instrument personnel to stop using the online H2
analyzer.
[P]- 从 H2 界区阀后倒淋接氮气管，用氮气对 H2 线引 N2 吹扫置

换约 60 分钟
[P]- Connect the nitrogen line to the drain valve after H2 battery limit valve
to perform the nitrogen purge and replacement on the H2 line for
about 60min.
[P]- 关闭进 312-R03 注 H2 手阀

[P]- Close the H2 injection valve at the inlet of 312-R03.
B2.2 制硫系统吹硫
(P) - 确认打开 312-HV-003B、312-HV-003C 关闭 312-HV-003A 将

制硫尾气切除尾气处理单元，直接去 312-F02。
(P) - Confirm the tail gas for sulfur production is diverted to 312-F02
directly instead of tail gas treating unit by opening 312-HV-003B and
312-HV-003C and closing312- HV-003A.
[ M ]- 引燃料气到制硫炉 312-F01 前,联系化验进行燃料气的分析，

进行燃料气配风量的计算和预置，燃料气与空气的配比量大致
1/14～20 之间
[M]- Introduce fuel gas to the front of sulfur production furnace 312-F01.
Contact the assayer to analyze the fuel gas and calculate and preset
the fuel gas mixing flow. Make sure the mixing ratio of fuel gas to air
is 1/14 - 20.
[ P ]- 打开含氨酸性气入炉前反吹氮气，打开清洁酸性气入炉前反吹
氮气
[P]- Open the purge nitrogen valve on the line transmitting
ammonia-containing sour gas to furnace and the purge nitrogen
valve on the line transmitting clean sour gas flows to furnace.
[P]- 打开伴烧蒸汽 312-FIC-001 前倒淋排凝直至见汽

[P]- Open the drain valve in front of co-ignited steam flow control valve
312-FIC-001 to drain the condensate until steam appears.
[P]- 打开 312-R01、312-R02 入口蒸汽吹扫调节阀前倒淋排凝

[P]- Open the drain valve in front of the steam purge valve at the inlet of
312-R01 and 312-R02 to drain the condensate.
[P]- 打开 312-HV-001、312-HV-002 前后手阀，改通吹扫氮气扫流

程
[P]- Open the front and behind valve of 312-HV-001 and 312-HV-002 and
unblock the nitrogen purge process.
(P) - 确认 312-R01、312-R02 入口蒸汽排凝已经见汽，吹扫氮气扫

流程已改通
(P) - Confirm steam can be observed from the steam condensate drain
valve at the inlet of 312-R01 and 312-R02 and unblock the nitrogen
purge process.
[I]- 逐渐关闭将含氨酸性气调节阀，将含氨酸性气切出反应炉，
SIS 系统确认并执行停止含氨酸性气
[I]- Close the ammonia-containing sour gas control valve gradually to cut
off the supply of ammonia-containing sour gas out of reactor. Confirm
by SIS system and stop the supply of ammonia-containing sour gas.
[P]- 关闭含氨酸性气进炉管线上手阀。
[P]- Close the valve on the line transmitting ammonia-containing sour gas
to furnace.
[I]- 手动打开 312-FIC-003 燃料气调节阀 15%，启动正常停车 SIS

系统中燃料气投用并执行操作。
[I]- Manually adjust the fuel gas flow control valve FIC003 to the opening
of 15%. Put the fuel gas in the SIS system for normal shutdown into
service.
(I)- 确认 312-XCV-011 打开，火检 312-BI-001A/B 正常，并未触

发停车联锁。
(I)- Confirm 312-XCV-011 is open, the fire detector 312-BI-001A/B is
normal and stopped by interlock is not triggered.
(P) - 确认 312-F01 现场观火孔火焰燃烧稳定。

(P) - Confirm the steady flame combustion can be seen from local
observation door of 312-F01.
[I]- 将“清洁酸性气流量低低”联锁旁路。
[I]- Bypass the Low Low Clean Sour Gas Flow interlock.
[I]- 逐步降低清洁酸性气入炉量，调节酸性气流量为
850Nm3/h~900Nm3/h
[I]- Decrease the furnace clean sour gas inflow gradually and adjust the
sour gas flow to 850Nm3/h - 900Nm3/h.
[I]- SIS 系统确认并执行停止清洁酸性气

[I]- Confirm by SIS system and stop the supply of clean sour gas.
[I]- 调整制硫炉 312-F01 操作，初始严格按照燃料气与空气

1/10~11 配比，注意转化器各个床层温度变化。
[I]- Adjust the operation of sulfur production furnace 312-F01, strictly
based on the fuel gas/air mixing ratio of 1/10 - 11 at the beginning,
pay attention to the each bed temperature change in the Claus
reactor.
[I]- 当燃料气流量大于 90Nm3/h 时，投用伴烧蒸汽，按照燃料气

与蒸汽 1Nm3/h 比 3.5Kg/h 配比
[I]- When the fuel gas flow is more than 90Nm3/h, put the co-ignited
steam into service based on the fuel gas/steam mixing ratio (ratio of
1Nm3/h to 3.5Kg/h).
[P]- 现场安排操作人员于一冷出口采样口用洁白的玻璃棉检查是
否析碳。并根据检查情况调整风量，此检查要求每二小时检查
一次。
[P]- Arrange a field operator at the sampling port at the outlet of 1st sulfur
condenser to check for carbon deposition with white glass wool every
two hours. Adjust the air flow according to the check results.
[I]- 维持 312-F01 炉膛温度在 1100℃以上，312-F02 炉膛温度在

约 600℃。
[I]- Maintain the furnace temperature of 312-F01 above 1100°C and the
furnace temperature of 312-F02 around 600°C.
[I]- 312-R01 及 312-R02 床层温度控制在 300～320℃左右。如操

作中发现转化器床层温度上升，通过降低燃料气配风或打开转
化器入口氮气（或蒸汽）阀降温。
[I]- Control the bed temperature of 312-R01 and 312-R02 around 300 -
320°C.If bed temperature rise of Claus reactor is found in the
operation, reduce the fuel gas mixing ratio or open the nitrogen (or
steam) valve at the inlet of Claus reactor for cooling.
[I]- 联系化验室每小时一次对余热锅炉出口进行氧含量分析，分析
数据及时反馈，操作人员按照烟气中氧含量 0.5～1%调整配风
量。
[I]- Contact the laboratory to analyze the oxygen content at the outlet
of waste heat boiler every hour and feed back the analytical data
timely. Adjust the gas mixing flow by operator to the extent that the
oxygen content of fuel gas is 0.5 -1%.
[P]- 赶硫二小时后，检查硫封观察口液硫流动情况，如果没有液硫
流出时及时关闭各点液硫线至硫封罐的阀门。
[P]- After 2 hours of sulfur expelling, check the flowing status of the liquid
sulfur from the observation port of sulfur seal pot. If no liquid sulfur
flows out, close the valves on all liquid sulfur lines to sulfur seal pot
timely.
[P]- 转化器、冷凝冷却器、分液罐液硫管线，加强排硫与排污操作，
在烟气赶硫 24 小时后，每一小时在各设备液硫线出口排污处
检查液硫是否排尽。当各低点排污排不出硫后，继续维持操作
6 小时，烟气赶硫操作结束。
[P]- Strengthen the sulfur emission and blowdown of liquid sulfur lines to
Claus reactor, condenser and knockout drum. After 24 hours of
expelling sulfur from flue gas, check if the liquid sulfur is drained out
from the blowdown point at the outlet of liquid sulfur line for each
equipment every hour.If no sulfur comes out of each sulfur drain,
continue with the operation for 6 hours and then come to the end of
expelling sulfur from flue gas.
[P]- 烟气吹扫所需时间，应以各低点排硫不出现液硫为准。
[P]- The time for purge of flue gas shall be subject to no liquid sulfur
appears at each sulfur drain.
[I]- 制硫部分赶硫结束后，逐步提高制硫炉的空气量，对制硫反应
器钝化、降温度处理
[I]- After expelling sulfur from sulfur production section is completed,
increase the air flow of sulfur production furnace gradually and
passivate and cool the sulfur production reactor.
[I]- 缓慢降低 312-R01 和 312-R02Claus 反应器的床层温度至约

200℃（降温速度 40℃/h）。并等到出口温度稳定。
[I]- Gradually decrease the bed temperature of Claus reactor 312-R01
and 312-R02 to about 200°C at the speed of 40°C/h.And, wait until
the outlet temperature is stable.
[I]- 反应器床层温度稳定后，缓慢地在原来燃烧空气量的基础上增
加少量的空气量（约增加 100m3/h），用便携式氧气分析仪或
进行人工采样分析反应器进口含氧量，使反应器进口含氧量约
为 1%。
[I]- When the reactor bed temperature is stable, increase the air flow
slightly (namely, by about 100m3/h) from original combustion air flow.
To ensure the oxygen content at the inlet of reactor is about 1%,
sample the oxygen at the inlet of reactor and analyze its content with
a portable oxygen analyzer or manually.
[I]- 观察床层温度是否有升高的迹象，如果床层温度超过 300℃则

立即减少进燃烧炉空气至原流量，恢复燃料气的亚完全燃烧状
态，并确保温度不得超过 400℃。
[ I ]- Observe if there is a sign of bed temperature rise. If the bed
temperature exceeds 300°C, reduce the combustion furnace air
inflow to original flow, recover the complete combustion of fuel gas

and ensure the temperature is not more than 400°C.
[I]- 当床层温度稳定时，再增加反应器进口过程气氧含量至 2%（可

参考反应器进口含氧量增加 1%的增加量），并注意观察是否有
温升的现象，出现温升较大时同样采取减少进燃烧炉空气的方
法来处理。这时在燃烧炉中燃料气是完全燃烧状态。
[I]- Only when the bed temperature is stable, increase the process gas
content at the inlet of reactor to 2% (or 1%, with reference to the
oxygen content at the inlet of reactor) and watch if the temperature
rise phenomenon exists. In case of large temperature rise, also take
the method of reducing the air flowing into combustion furnace.At this
time, the fuel gas in combustion furnace is in the state of complete
combustion.
[I]- 逐步增加氧含量至 3%和 5%，观察 Claus 反应器的温升趋势

。当床层温度稳定时，增加反应器进口氧含量至 8%。如果在
Claus 反应器中已不发生反应，反应器床温也没有温升，则保
持氧含量 8～10% 运行 2～4 小时。
[I]- Gradually increase the oxygen content to 3% and 5%. Observe the
temperature rise trend of Claus reactor.When the bed temperature is
stable, increase the oxygen content at the inlet of reactor to 8%.If no
more reaction takes place in Claus reactor and the reactor bed
temperature doesn’t rise, run at the oxygen content of 8 - 10% for 2
- 4 hours.
[I]- 逐步增加空气量来冷却反应器，继续观察反应器床层温度。发
现有温度上升，立刻引氮气吹扫降温。
[I]- Gradually increase the air flow to cool the reactor and continue to
observe the reactor bed temperature.When temperature rise is
observed, introduce nitrogen for purge and cooling immediately.
B2.3 液硫系统排空液硫
Drainage of Liquid Sulfur from Liquid Sulfur System
[P]- 关闭各液硫线至硫封球阀
[P]- Close the ball valve on each liquid sulfur line to sulfur seal pot.
[P]- 用氮气将硫封中的液硫压入液流池中。
[P]- Press the liquid sulfur in sulfur seal pot into the liquid sulfur vessel
under the action of nitrogen.
(P) - 确认 312-P03 抽空
(P) - Confirm 312-P03 is emptied.
(P) - 停下 312-P03
(P) - Stop 312-P03.
(P) - 确认 312-P04 抽空
(P) - Confirm 312-P04 is emptied.
[P]- 停下 312-P04
[P]- Stop 312-P04.
[P]- 关闭喷射器蒸汽，停用器射器
[P]- Cut off the supply of steam to ejector and stop using ejector.
[P]- 关闭喷射器至 312-F02 阀门

[P]- Close the valve on the line from ejector to 312-F02.
[P]- 停液硫池所有伴热系统
[P]- Stop all heat tracing systems for liquid sulfur vessel.
[I]- 联系保运打开液硫池人孔
[I]- Contact the maintenance team to open the manway of liquid sulfur
vessel.
(P) - 确认人孔打开
(P) - Confirm the manway is open.
[P]- 接非净化风胶带通入人孔进行置换
[P]- Connect the process air hose to the manway for replacement.
( M ) - 确认化验分析合格
(M) - Confirm the assay result is acceptable.
[P]- 停非净风
[P]- Stop the supply of process air.
(P) - 确认硫磺液硫池液硫全部送空
(P) - Confirm all liquid sulfur is drained from liquid sulfur vessel.
[P]- 液硫储罐 312-S01 全部送至成型

[P]- Convey liquid sulfur storage tank 312-S01 to the sulphur solidification
system.
[P]- 确认 312-P07A/B 抽空后停泵

[P]- Confirm 312-P07A/B is emptied and then stop it.
[P]- 停下 312-S01 所有伴热

[P]- Stop all heat tracing systems for 312-S01.
[P]- 用氮气吹扫储罐置换内含硫气体约 1 小时
[P]- Purge the storage tank with nitrogen and replace the sour gas with
nitrogen for 1 hour.
[P]- 停下氮气
[P]- Stop the supply of nitrogen.
稳定状态 S3
Steady state S3
反应系统吹硫结束，液硫系统排空
The sulfur purge of reaction system is completed. The liquid
sulfur system is emptied.
确认
Confirm
( M ) - 反应系统吹硫结束
( M) - Sulfur purge of reaction system is completed.
(I)- 312-R01 进出口温度相差不大

(I)- The inlet-outlet temperature difference of 312-R01 is not big.

(I)- The inlet-outlet temperature difference of 312-R02 is not big.
(I)- 312-F01 温度不大于 1350℃

(I)- The temperature of 312-F01 is not higher than 1350°C.
(I)- 312-R01 入口温度 242℃

(I)- The temperature at the inlet of 312-R01 is 242°C.
(I)- 312-R02 入口温度 208℃

(I)- The inlet temperature of 312-R02 is 208°C.
(I)- 系统压力 10KPa

(I)- The system pressure is 10KPa.
4.3.2.3 制硫系统降温
Cooling of Sulfur Production System
(I)- 确认反应器床层温度稳定且无温升、系统赶硫干净时，通过增加空气
量，开始以不超过 100℃/h 的速度降低燃烧炉温度。
(I)- Confirm the bed temperature in the reactor is steady without rise and all sulfur
is expelled from the system, increase the air flow and start to decrease the
temperature of combustion furnace at the speed of not more than 100°C/h.
[I]- 调整燃料气配风量，将 312-R01 进口 O2 含量提高到 1.0%。

[I]- Adjust the fuel gas mixing flow to increase the O2 content the inlet of 312-R01
to 1.0%.
[I]- 312-R01、312-R02 床层温度不能超过 400℃，否则降低配风量，降

低过程气中的氧含量，但保证不能析碳（降低配风量时，锅炉出口采
样口处需用洁净玻璃棉检查是否析碳）
[I]- The bed temperature of 312-R01 and 312-R02 cannot exceed 400°C;
otherwise, reduce the air mixing flow and the oxygen content of process gas,
but ensure no carbon deposition occurs (while reducing the air mixing flow,
check at the sampling port at the outlet of boiler for carbon deposition with
clean glass wool).
[ P] - 在反应器器床层无温升或有下降趋势时，联系分析对进出反应器的过
程气中的 O2、CO2、SO2 含量进行分析，如过程气中的 O2 和二氧化
碳的含量接近一致时，则提高配风比，并联系分析对过程气中氧含量
进行分析。
[ P] - When the bed temperature in the reactor has no rise or has the trend of
decreasing, contact the assayer to analyze the O2, CO2 and SO2 content of
process gas in and out of reactor. If the O2 and CO2 content of process gas is
almost the same, increase the gas mixing ratio and contact the assayer to
analyze the O2 content of process gas.
[I]- 提高过程气中的氧含量序列为 1.5%、2%、2.5%、3%、4%、6%、8%

、10%，提高氧含量时变化必须缓慢，防止氧含量的快速提高，引起
催化剂床层飞温。操作中以床层温升为操作参考，必须保证反应器床
层温度不超过 400℃。
[I]- Increase the oxygen content of process gas to 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 4%, 6%,
8% and 10% in sequence. To prevent temperature runaway of catalyst bed
arising from rapid increase of oxygen content, always change at low
speed when increasing the oxygen content.As the bed temperature rise is for
reference during operation, the bed temperature in the reactor doesn’t exceed
400°C should be ensured.
[I]- 当氧含量提高到 10%，且进出反应器的过程气中的 O2 含量和 CO2 含

量一致，床层无明显温升时，系统开始降温操作。
[I]- When oxygen content increases to 10% and the O2 content of process gas in
and out of reactor is the same as CO2 content and the bed has no obvious
temperature rise, the system starts to cool.
[P]- 打开 312-E08 入口保护蒸汽，引蒸汽进 312-E08，关闭 312-HV-006，

打开 312-HIC-005 现场放空
[P]- Open the protection steam valve at the inlet of 312-E08 to introduce steam to
312-E08, close 312-HV-006, and open 312-HIC-005 for field venting.
[P]- 制硫系统降温时，操作中注意废热锅炉的操作平稳，当蒸汽流量变小
后，关闭 312-E01 产 1.2Mpa 去 312-E08 阀门，改现场放空。
[P]- When the sulfur production system cools, pay attention to the smooth
operation of waste heat boiler. When the steam flow decreases, close the
valve on the line transmitting 1.2Mpa steam from E01 to E08 and change to
field venting.
[I]- 系统开始降温操作，此时可以单方面降低制硫炉燃料气或提高配风量，
使制硫炉炉膛温度降到 500℃，反应器床层温度降到 200℃。注意炉
膛温度降温速度≯25℃/h 。
[I]- When the system starts to cool, reduce the fuel gas for sulfur production or
add the gas mixing flow unilaterally to decrease the temperature of sulfur
production furnace to 500°C and the bed temperature in the reactor to 200°C.It
is important to note that the furnace cooling rate should not be faster than
25°C/h.
[P]- 在反应器及过程气系统温度低于 150℃前，用打开反应器入口氮气阀，

用氮气将系统内烟气赶尽，防止床层析水影响催化剂，并使转化器床
层温度低于 50℃。
[P]- Before the reactor and process gas system temperature is below 150°C, open
the reactor inlet nitrogen valve to expel all flue gas from the system by using
nitrogen and hence prevent the effect of bed bleeding on catalyst and ensure
the bed temperature of Claus reactor is lower than 50°C.
[P]- 当 312-R01 出口温度低于 100℃时，硫冷凝冷却器 0.4MPa 蒸汽脱网，

视情况放净设备内的剩水。
[P]- When the temperature at the outlet of 312-R01 is below 100°C, stop
transmitting 0.4MPa steam from sulfur condenser to pipe network, and drain
the water remained in the equipment as the case may be.
[I]- 当炉膛温度降至 200℃时，停燃料气及空气入炉，进行闷炉，

[I]- When the furnace temperature decreased to 200°C, stop feeding fuel gas and
air to furnace and damp down the furnace.
[P]- 关闭与 312-F01 相关阀

[P]- Close the valves related to 312-F01.
[I]- 制硫炉熄火后马上关闭进制硫炉的燃料气相关调节阀
[I]- Close the related control valves for fuel gas fed into sulfur production furnace
immediately after damping-down of sulfur production furnace.
[P]- 关闭进制硫炉的燃料气截止阀
[P]- Close the shutoff valve on the line transmitting fuel gas to sulfur production
furnace.
4.3.2.4 制硫部分停工后的处理
Treatment after Shutdown of Sulfur Production Section
B4.1 酸性气分液罐水洗
Washing of Sour Gas Knockout Drum
[P]- 打开酸性水泵 312-P08 入口阀的脱离子水阀向 312-V01、

312-V02 注水
[P]- Open the demi-water valve at the inlet of sour gas pump P08 to
inject water into 312-V01 and 312-V02.
(I)- 确认 312-V01、312-V02 底液位 312-LI-001、312-LI-002 显

示为满
(I)- Confirm the level indicated by 312-LI-001 and 312-LI-002 at the
bottom of 312-V01 and 312-V02 is full.
[P]- 关闭酸性水泵入口阀的脱离子水阀，
[P]- Close the demi-water valve at the inlet of sour gas pump.
[P]- 启动 312-P08 抽 312-V01、312-V02 酸性水送至汽提，

[P]- Start 312-P08 to transmit the sour gas from 312-V01 and 312-V02 to
stripper.
[P]- 312-P08 抽空空后停下。

[P]- Stop 312-P08 after it is evacuated.
[P]- 能重复以上操作 3 次。
[P]- Repeat the above steps 3 times.
B4.2 酸性气系统吹扫
Purge of Sour Gas System
[ M ] - 联系调度吹扫 N2 放火炬
[M]- contact scheduler to discharge purge nitrogen to flare
[ M ] - 联系火炬吹扫 N2 放火炬
[M]- Contact the flare operator to purge with N2 and vent to flare.
( M ) - 确认污水汽提停送酸气, 界区阀已关
(M)- Confirm the supply of sour gas to the non-phenolic sour water
stripping unit (NP SWSU) is stopped and the battery limit valve is
closed.
( M ) - 确认溶剂再生装置停送酸气, 界区阀已关
(M)- Confirm the supply of sour gas to the solvent regenerating unit is
stopped and the battery limit valve is closed.
[P]- 关闭硫磺界区酸气阀阀门
[P]- Close the sour gas valve in the sulfur battery limit.
( M ) - 确认 312-V01、312-V02 压力不降
(M)- Confirm the pressure of 312-V01 and 312-V02 no longer decreases.
[P]- 打开 312-V01、312-V02 入口 N2 吹扫阀

[P]- Open the N2 purge valve at the inlet of 312-V01 and 312-V02.
[P]- 打开酸性气各炉头前手阀前的氮气阀，用氮气向 312-V01、

312-V02 吹扫，最终排向火炬
[P]- Open the nitrogen valve in front of the valve on the line transmitting
sour gas to each burner to purge 312-V01 and 312-V02 with nitrogen
and finally vent to flare.
(I)- 确认 312-PIC-001、312-PIC-002 约 200KPa

(I)- Confirm the pressure of 312-PIC-001 and 312-PIC-002 is about
200KPa.
[P]- 关闭 312-V01、312-V02 入口 N2 吹扫阀

[P]- Close the N2 purge valve at the inlet of 312-V01 and 312-V02.
[P]- 关闭酸性气去炉头前手阀前的氮气阀。
[P]- Close the nitrogen valve in front of the valve on the line transmitting
sour gas to burner.
[I]- 手动打开 312-PIC-001、312-PIC-002 向火炬排放

[I]- Manually open 312-PIC-001 and 312-PIC-002 and vent to flare.
(I)- 确认 312-PIC-001、312-PIC-002 约 0KPa

(I)- Confirm the pressure of 312-PIC-001 and 312-PIC-002 is about
0KPa.
[P]- 重复上述操作 5 次
[P]- repeat the above operation for 5 times
[P]- 打开 312-V01、312-V02 入口 N2 吹扫
[P]- Open the N2 purge valve at the inlet of 312-V01 and 312-V02.
[P]- 用 H2S 报警器检查排出气中 H2S 含量

[P]- Check the H2S content of exhaust gas with H2S detector.
(P) - 确认 H2S 含量小于 10mg/l

(P) - Confirm the H2S content is less than 10mg/l.
(P) - 确认 N2 置换合格
(P)- confirm that nigrogen replacement is up to standard
[P]- 打开界区火炬总阀
[P]- Open the main valve for flare in the battery limit.
[ M ] - 联系调度吹扫蒸汽放火炬
[M]- contact scheduler to discharge purge steam to flare
[ M ] - 联系火炬吹扫蒸汽放火炬
[M]- inform flare system operator to discharge purge steam to flare
[P]- 打开界区 1.0MPa 蒸汽吹扫阀

[P]- Open the 1.0MPa steam purge valve in the battery limit.
[P]- 打开界区酸气线上蒸汽吹扫阀
[P]- Open the steam purge valve on the sour gas line in the battery limit.
( M ) - 确认 312-V01、312-V02 压力≯0.10MPa
(M)- Confirm the pressure of V01 and V02 is not higher than 0.10MPa.
[P]- 打开 312-V01、312-V02 底吹扫 1.0MPa 蒸汽排凝排凝阀进行

排水，排完水后关闭
[P]- Open the condensate drain valve for 1.0MPa purge steam at the
bottom of 312-V01 and 312-V02 to drain water and close it after
drainage.
[ P ]- 打开 312-V01、312-V02 底吹扫 1.0MPa 蒸汽阀向 312-V01

、312-V02 进行吹扫
[P]- Open the 1.0MPa purge steam valve at the bottom of V01 and V02 to
purge 312-V01 and 312-V02.
(P) - 确认吹扫蒸汽向火炬排放
(P) - Confirm the purge steam is vented to flare.
( M ) - 确认 312-V01、312-V02 压力≯0.10MPa
(M)- Confirm the pressure of 312-V01 and 312-V02 is not higher than
0.10MPa.
(P) - 确认吹扫蒸汽向火炬排放
(P) - Confirm the purge steam is vented to flare.
( M ) - 确认 312-V01、312-V02 压力≤0.10MPa
(M)- Confirm the pressure of 312-V01 and 312-V02 is not higher than
0.10MPa.
( M ) - 持续 8 小时以上直至合格
(M)- Last for more than 8 hours only when the result is satisfactory.
[P]- 打开 312-V01、312-V02 顶部现场放空

[P]- Open the field vent valve on the top of 312-V01 and 312-V02.
[P]- 312-V01、312-V02 液位满启动 312-P08 送向汽提装置，送空

后停下
[P]- When 312-V01 and 312-V02 is full of liquid, start 312-P08 to send the
liquid to the stripping unit and then stop it when 312-V01 and
312-V02 are evacuated.
[P]- 打开底部排凝阀进行排凝
[P]- Open the condensate drain valve at the bottom to drain the
condensate.
( M ) - 再持续吹扫 4 小时
(M)- Continue to purge for 4 hours.
[P]- 关闭各吹扫蒸
[P]- Close each purge steam valve.
( M ) - 确认 312-V01、312-V02 吹扫结束
(M)- Confirm the purge of 312-V01 and 312-V02 is completed.
B4.3 锅炉给水停用
Stop Boiler Feed Water Supply
[I]- 关闭汽包液位调节阀 312-LV-005

[I]- Close the steam drum level control valve 312-LV-005.
[P]- 关闭硫冷凝器液位调节阀
[P]- Close the level control valve for sulfur condenser.
[P]- 关闭硫冷凝器产汽阀
[P]- Close the steam generation valve for sulfur condenser.
[P]- 打开 312-E01 定期排污线上排凝阀

[P]- Open the condensate drain valve on periodic blowdown line for
312-E01.
(P) - 确认 312-E01 排净
(P) - Confirm 312-E01 has been drained.
[P]- 关闭 312-E01 定期排污阀

[P]- Close the periodic blowdown valve for 312-E01.
[P]- 打开各硫冷却器定期排污线上排凝阀
[P]- Open the condensate drain valve on periodic blowdown line for each
sulfur condenser.
(P) - 确认硫冷却器排净水
(P) - Confirm water is drained from sulfur condenser.
[P]- 关闭硫冷却器定期排污阀
[P]- Close the periodic blowdown valve for sulfur condenser.
4.3.3 加氢尾气处理系统停工
Shutdown of Hydrogenated Tail Gas Treatment System
4.3.3.1 加氢反应催化剂钝化
Passivation of Catalyst for Hydrogenation Reaction
[I]- 调整急冷塔（312-C01）出口循环气温度在约 40℃

[I]- Adjust the recycle gas temperature at the outlet of quench column (312-C01)
to about 40°C.
[I]- 慢慢调节 312-TV-030 按以 20℃/h 进行降温

[I]- Slowly adjust 312-TV-030 for cooling at the rate of 20°C/h.
(I)- 确认加氢反应器床层温度按照降温曲线降温
(I)- Confirm the bed temperature of hydrogenation reactor decreases according to
the cooling curve.
(I)- 确认加氢反应器 312-R03 入口温度以 20℃/h 下降

(I)- Confirm the temperature at the inlet of hydrogenation reactor 312-R03
decreases at the rate of 20°C/h.
(I)- 确认 312-R03 入口温度 312-TIC-030 降到 200℃

(I)- Confirm the temperature at the inlet of hydrogenation reactor 312-R03
(312-TIC-030) drops to 200°C.
(I)- 确认 312-R03 床层温度下降到 200℃

(I)- Confirm the bed temperature of 312-R03 decreases to 200°C.
[ M ] - 确定加氢反应系统的过程气完全被氮气置换时，确保氮气吹扫量保持
循环压力维持自控于 10kPa。
[M]- Ensure the nitrogen purge flow is maintained at the cycle pressure of
10kPa when the process gas in hydrogenation reaction system is totally
replaced with nitrogen.
(I)- 确认 312-R03 床层温度稳定在 200℃

(I)- Confirm the bed temperature of 312-R03 is maintained at 200°C.
[P]- 微开进反应器的非净化风阀，
[P]- Slightly open the process air valve at the inlet of reactor.
[P]- 在采样口用便携式氧分析仪检测氧浓度，控制反应器进口的混合气含
氧为 0.5%。当观察到催化剂床层有明显的温升，表示钝化已经开始，
不允许床层温度超过 380℃。
[P]- Measure the oxygen content at the sampling port with portable oxygen
analyzer and control the oxygen content of mixed gas at the inlet of reactor at
0.5%.When obvious temperature rise of catalyst bed is observed, this means
the beginning of passivation. Bed temperature is not allowed to exceed 380°C.
[I]- 钝化开始后，反应器温升将缓慢通过床层，如果催化剂床层温度升至
接近 380℃，可增加氮气吹扫量来减少氧含量来降低反应器温度，或
减少净化风流量，或降低反应器进口温度，当温度降低后再恢复之前
的操作条件
[I]- When passivation begins, reactor temperature rise will slowly extend through
the bed. If the catalyst bed temperature rises to nearly 380°C, increase the
nitrogen purge flow to reduce the oxygen content and thus reduce the reactor
temperature, or reduce the instrument air flow, or reduce the reactor inlet
temperature. When the temperature decreases, restore the previous operation
conditions.
[ M ] - 联系化验分析 312-R03 进出口中 O2、CO2、SO2 含量，1 次/1 小时

[M]- Contact the assayer to analyze the O2, CO2 and SO2 content at the inlet and
outlet of 312-R03 every hour.
[P]- 用便携式氧分析仪检测反应器出口过程气的氧含量，当达到 0.5%时注

意监测床层温升。
[P]- Measure the oxygen content of process gas at the outlet of reactor with
portable oxygen analyzer. When it reaches 0.5%, monitor the bed temperature
rise.
[I]- 当床层已没有温升时，缓慢提高进口温度至 250℃

[I]- If no more temperature rise occurs with the bed, slowly increase the inlet
temperature to 250°C .
[I]- 待床层没有温升后，再提高进口温度至 300℃

[I]- If bed temperature rise disappears, increase the inlet temperature to 300°C.
[P]- 逐渐增加反应器入口气体的氧气含量至 1%。让温升再次通过反应器床

层
[P]- Gradually increase the oxygen content of the gas at the inlet of reactor to
1% .Let temperature rise extend through the reactor bed again.
[P]- 当反应器出口气体中氧气含量等于 1%时，开始逐步提高氧气含量

[P]- When the oxygen content of the gas at the outlet of reactor is 1%, start to
increase the oxygen content gradually.
[P]- 将氧气含量从 1%逐渐分别增加至 1.5%、2%、3%、5%（体积比）

[P]- Increase the oxygen content from 1% to 1.5%, 2%, 3% and 5% (v%)
respectively step by step.
[P]- 每次增加一次，都必须等待前一次的温升结束和反应器进出口氧含量
达到平衡。如果催化剂床层在 300℃和 5%的氧气含量的条件下不起反
应，并且反应器进出口的氧气含量达到平衡，表明催化剂钝化完毕。
[P]- Every time before increase, waiting for the previous temperature rise process
to end and the oxygen content at the inlet and outlet of reactor has achieved
equilibrium are musts.If the catalyst bed fails to react at the temperature of
300°C and the oxygen content of 5% and the oxygen content at the inlet and
outlet of reactor achieves equilibrium, this means the catalyst passivation is
completed.
[P]- 逐渐减少氮气和提高循环气体中氧气含量，如果催化剂床层温度升高，
再用氮气来减少氧气含量至 5%。
[P]- Gradually reduce nitrogen and increase the oxygen content of recycle gas. If
the catalyst bed temperature rises, decrease the oxygen content to 5% with
nitrogen.
[P]- 提高反应器入口处氧含量，氧含量序列浓度%（v）为 8%、11%、15%

、20%。
[P]- Increase the oxygen content at the inlet of reactor to 8%, 11%, 15% and 20%
(v%) in sequence.
(I)- 确认在氧含量提高过程中，312-R03 床层温度稳定或有下降趋势时

( I) - Confirm the bed temperature of 312-R03 is stable or has the trend of
decreasing as the oxygen content increases.
[P]- 联系分析站对循环气进行分析，分析的项目：O2、SO2、CO2。
[P]- Contact the analysis station to assay the recycle gas (O2, SO2, CO2).
[P]- 确认反应器出入口氧含量基本一致
[P]- Confirm the oxygen content at the inlet and outlet of reactor is almost the
same.
(I)- 确认系统氧含量处达到 20%时，312-R03 床层没有任何温升，钝化结

束。
( I) - Confirm the bed of 312-R03 has no temperature rise and the passivation is
completed when the oxygen content of the system is 20%.
[I]- 调节 312-TV-030 降低 312-R03 入口温度，保持氮气循环对系统进行

降温至常温
[I]- Adjust 312-TV-030 to reduce the temperature at the inlet of 312-R03 and
maintain the nitrogen circulation for cooling the system to normal temperature.
[I]- 逐渐降低反应器入口温度，
[I]- Gradually decrease the temperature at the inlet of reactor.
[I]- 当床层温度低于 150℃时停止加入氮气，全部用净化风来冷却

[I]- When the bed temperature is below 150°C, stop introducing nitrogen and cool
all with instrument air.
[P]- 当 312-E06 产汽量很少时，打开现场放空，停止向管网排放，并按情

况排净器内积水。
[P]- When the steam yield of 312-E06 is low, open the field vent valve, stop
emitting to the pipe network, and drain the water inside as the case may be.
( I )- 确认在催化剂钝化期间急冷水的 PH 值降低于 7
(I)- Confirm the PH value of quench water drops below 7 during catalyst
passivation.
[P]- 向系统内补氨或加强置换急冷塔内急冷水。
[P]- Add amine to the system or enhance the replacement of quench water in
quench column.
(I)- 确认急冷水的 PH 值稳定在 7～8

(I)- Confirm the PH value of quench water is maintained at 7 - 8.
[P]- 停下循环风机 312-K02A，关闭氮气

[P]- Stop circulation fan 312-K02A and close the nitrogen valve.
[P]- 将 312-C01 内的酸性水全部送出装置，酸性水系统用脱离子水置换干

净
[P]- Drain all sour water in 312-C01 out of the unit and replace all with demi-water
in the sour water system.
稳定状态 S4
Steady state S4
制硫燃烧炉降温结束.尾气加氢反应器钝化结束
The cooling of combustion furnace for sulfur production is
completed. The passivation of tail gas hydrogenation reactor
is completed.
确认
Confirm
( M ) - 尾气系统钝化结束
(M)- The passivation of tail gas system is completed.

( I) - The inlet-outlet temperature difference of 312-R03 is not big.
4.3.3.2 尾气急冷、吸收系统冲洗、吹扫
Tail Gas Quenching and Absorption System Flushing and Purge
4.3.3.2.1 吸收塔退胺
Amine Return of Absorber
( M )- 确认尾气单元已切除
(M)- Confirm the tail gas unit is switched off.
( M )- 确认尾气部分闭路循环超过 2 小时
(M)- Confirm the closed circulation in tail gas section lasts for more than 2 hours.
(P) - 确认 312-C01、312-C02 连通阀关

(P) - Confirm communication valves 312-C01 and 312-C02 are closed.
[ I ]- 关闭贫液进吸收塔流量调节阀 312-FIC-023
[I]- Close the flow control valve 312-FIC-023 on the line transmitting lean liquor to
absorber.
[ P ]- 关闭贫胺进料界区上游阀
[P]- Close the valve at the inlet of the lean amine feed battery limit.
[ P ]- 从贫胺进料界区接 N2 吹扫，
[P]- Introduce N2 from the lean amine feed battery limit for purge.
( I )- 确认 312-C02 顶压力稳定在 3～10KPa 之间

(I)- Confirm the pressure on the top of 312-C02 is maintained at 3 - 10KPa.
[ I ]- 开大 312-C02 的液控阀 312-LIC-010 将塔内胺液向再生装置送去

[I]- Turn up the liquid control valve 312-LIC-010 for 312-C02 to send the amine in
the column back to the regenerating unit.
( I )- 确认 312-LIC-010 降至 20％以下
(I)- Confirm the level of 312-LIC-010 drops below 20%.
(P) - 确认富液送压送泵 312-P02 抽空)

(P) - Confirm rich amine is sent to the delivery pump 312-P02 for extraction.
[ P ]- 停下 312-P02
[P]- Stop 312-P02.
[ P ]- 打开 312-P02 入口管的脱离子水阀，向吸收塔注水至液位约 30%时关

闭
[P]- Open the demi-water valve on the inlet line of 312-P02 to inject water into
absorber. When the water level reaches about 30%, close the valve.
[ P ]- 启动 312-P02 抽塔内液体向再生装置送去，直至抽空时停下。
[P]- Start 312-P02 to send the liquid in the column back to regenerating unit. When
the column is evacuated, stop the pump.
[ I ]- 关闭 312-LIC-010
[I]- Close 312-LIC-010.
[ P ]- 关闭界区 N2 阀
[P] - Close the N2 battery limit valve.
[ P ]- 关闭富液界区阀
[P] - Close the rich liquid battery limit valve.
4.3.3.2.2 吸收塔水冲洗
Washing of Absorber
[P]- 打开 312-P02 入口脱离子水阀

[P]- open 312-P02 inlet demi-water valve
(I)- 确认 312-LIC-010 大于 70％

(I)- confirm that 312-LIC-010 is above 70% opening degree
[P]- 启动 312-P02，打开出口至 312-C02 循环阀

[P]- start312-P02 and open circulating valve to connect outlet to C02
(I)- 确认 312-LIC010 稳定在 70％，关闭 312-P02 入口锅炉给水阀

(I)- confirm that 312-LIC-010 is maintained at 70% opening degree, and then
stop312-P02 inlet deoxidized water valve
( M) - 确认 312-P02 运转 1 小时
( M) - confirm that 312-P02 is in operation for 1h
[I]- 锅炉给水退至再生单元
[I]- cut off deoxidized water to regeneration unit
[P]- 重复上述操作 3 次
4.3.3.2.3 急冷塔水冲洗
Washing of Quench Column
( M )- 确认尾气部分加氢反应器 312-R03 钝化结束

(M)- confirm that passivation for tail gas hydrogenation reactor 312-R03 is
completed
[ I ]- 打开 312-C01 液位调节阀 312-LIC-009，把塔内酸性水向汽提装置送

去
[I]- open level control valve 312-LIC-009 of 312-C01 to send the sour water in
quench column to stripping unit
[ I ]- 手动关闭 312-C01 顶温度调节阀 312-TIC-036

[I]- close temperature control valve TIC036 at the top of C01 manually
(P) - 当急冷水泵打不上量时，打开 312-P01 入口生产水阀

(P)- in case quench water pump cannot feed enough water, open inlet fresh water
valve of 312-P01
( I )- 确认 312-LIC-009 大于 70％
(I)- confirm that LIC009 is above 70% opening degree
[ P ]- 启动 312-P01
[P]- start 312-P01
[ I ]- 打开 312-TV-036
[I]- open 312-TV-036
( I )- 确认 312-LIC-009 稳定在 70％

(I)- confirm that 312-LIC-009 is maintained at 70% opening degree
[ P ]- 关闭 312-P01 入口生产水阀
[P]- close inlet fresh water valve of 312-P01
( M) - 确认 312-P01 运转 1 小时
( M) - confirm that 312-P01 is in operation for 1h
[ I ]- 按照退酸水液步骤退 312-C01 内洗涤水

[I]- discharge scrubbing water in C01 by the steps for discharging acid water
[ P ]- 重复上述操作 3 次
4.3.3.2.4 吸收塔钝化
Passivation of Absorber
[P]- 按水联运步骤建立水洗循环。
[P]- Estabilsh washing circulation by steps for startup with water.
[I]- 吸收塔液位自动控制
[I]- put level of absorber in automatic control
[ P ]- 临时罐配制钝化剂，自 312-P02 入口抽入系统。

[P]- prepare passivator in temporary tank, and pump the passivator into system
from 312-P02 inlet.
[P]- 循环保持 8 小时，分析水洗水 pH、COD 合格后，联系环保部处理水

洗水
[P]- keep circulation for 8h, check pH and COD of washing water to be up to
standard upon analysis, and then inform environmental protection department
for treatment of washing water
4.3.3.2.5 急冷塔钝化
Passivation of Quench Column
[P]- 按水联运步骤建立水洗循环。
[P]- Estabilsh washing circulation by steps for startup with water.
[P]- 吸收塔液位自动控制。
[P]- put level of absorber in automatic control.
[P]- 临时罐配制钝化剂，自 312-P01 入口抽入系统。

[P]- prepare passivator in temporary tank, and pump the passivator into system
from 312-P01 inlet.
[P]- 循环保持 8 小时，分析水洗水 pH、COD 合格后，联系环保部分处理

水洗水
[P]- keep circulation for 8h, check pH and COD of washing water to be up to
standard upon analysis, and then inform environmental protection department
for treatment of washing water
4.2.4 焚烧炉系统停工
Shutdown of Incinerator System
4.2.4.1 焚烧炉降温熄火
Cooling and flameout of Incinerator
(I)- 确认 312-R03 钝化结束
(I)- confirm that passivation for R03 is completed
(I)- 确认制硫系统吹硫完毕
(I)- confirm that sulfur purging for sulfur production system is completed
(I)- 确认 312-F01 停炉
(I)- confirm that F01 is shut down
(I)- 确认液硫池的气抽停用，至焚烧炉阀门已关闭
(I)- confirm that gas pump of liquid sulfur tank is out of service, and the valve to
incinerator is closed
[I]- 调整 312-TIC-042 的开度按降温曲线进行降温

[I]- adjust opening degree of TIC042 to drop temperature by cooling curve
(I)- 确认吸收塔氮气吹扫完毕
(I)- confirm that nitrogen purge for absorber is completed
(I)- 确认 312-F02 温度 312-TIC-042 按降温曲线降温(见另附的降温曲线)

(I)- confirm that the temperature of 312-F02 is decreased by temperature cooling
curve (refer to attached temperature cooling curve) through the adjustment of
opening degree of 312-TIC-042
[I]- 当温度约为 200～300℃时关闭燃料气，或难以控制时，停下尾气焚烧

炉。
[ I] - cut off fuel gas when temperature is at about 200°C to 300°C, or stop
incinerator when temperature is hard to control.
[P]- 关闭燃料气进炉根部阀
[P]- close root valve of fuel gas feed furnace
[P]- 当 312-E08 后温度小于 100℃时，关闭进 312-E08 保护蒸汽阀

[P]- close 312-E08 protective steam valve when the temperature behind 312-E08
is below 100°C.
[ P ]- MH 性气水洗、酸性气（焚烧炉停炉氮气吹扫完毕，关闭氮气阀，开
大烟道档板，让炉自然降至常温
[P]- peform MH gas washing with sour gas (after completion of nitrogen purge with
incinerator shut down, close nitrogen valve, and turn up gas flue damper to
cool incinerator naturally to ambient temperature
4.3.4.2 燃料气（FG）系统吹扫
Purge of Fuel Gas (FG) System
[ M ] - 联系调度吹扫 N2 放火炬
[M]- contact scheduler to discharge purge nitrogen to flare
[ M ] - 联系火炬吹扫 N2 放火炬
[M]- inform flare system operator to discharge purge nitrogen to flare
( M ) - 确认 312-F01 熄火
(M)- confirm that 312-F01 flames out
( M ) - 确认 312-F02 熄火
(M)- confirm that 312-F02 flames out
[P]- 关闭燃料气（FG）进燃料气缓冲罐 312-V11 界区阀

[P]- close 312-V11 battery limit valve which leads fuel gas (FG) into fuel gas buffer
tank
[P]- 打开 312-V11 安全阀副线阀放火炬

[P]- open 312-V11 pressure relief valve and bypass valve to flare
( M ) - 确认 312-V11 压力不再下降
(M)- confirm that the pressure of 312-V11 no longer decreases
[P]- 关闭 312-V11 放火炬阀

[P]- close 312-V11 to flare valve
[ P ]- 将氮气胶带接至 312-F01/F02 炉头燃料气（FG）线单向阀前排凝阀

[P]- connect nitrogen hose to one- way valve and front- row condensate drain
valve on fuel gas (FS) line at 312-F01/F02 head
( M ) - 确认燃料气（FG）至 312-F01 最后一道阀关,沿线流程畅通,各排凝阀

关
(M)- confirm that the last valve from fuel gas (FG) to 312-F01 is closed, process
along this line is unblocked, and condensate drain valves are closed
( M ) - 确认燃料气（FG）至 312-F02 最后一道阀关,沿线流程畅通,各排凝阀

关
(M)- confirm that the last valve from fuel gas (FG) to 312-F02 is closed, process
along this line is unblocked, and condensate drain valves are closed
[ P ]- 打开 N2 阀向 312-V11 充压
[P]- open nigrogen valve to pressurize 312-V11
( M) - 确认 312-V11 压力达 0.6MPa

( M) - confirm that the pressure of 312-V11 reaches 0.6MPa
[P]- 关闭 N2 阀
[P]- close nigrogen valve
[P]- 快速打开 312-V11 放火炬阀泄压
[P]- open 312-V11 quickly to relieve pressure to flare
( M ) - 重复充 N2/排压放火炬 3 次
(M)- repeat pressurization with nitrogen/depressurization to flare for 3 times
(P) - 确认 N2 置换合格
(P) - confirm that nigrogen replacement is up to standard
( M )- 确认燃料气（FG）管线吹净
(M)- confirm that fuel gas (FG) pipeline is purged clean
[ P ]- 关闭 N2 胶带阀
[P]- close nigrogen hose valve
[P]- 打开 312-V11 安全阀副线泄压

[P]- open pressure relief valve on bypass of 312-V11 to relieve pressure
( M ) - 确认 312-V11 压力不降
(M)- confirm that the pressure of V11 does not decrease
[ M ] - 联系调度吹扫蒸汽放火炬
[M]- contact scheduler to discharge purge steam to flare
[ M ] - 联系火炬吹扫蒸汽放火炬
[ M ]- inform flare system operator to discharge purge steam to flare
[ M ] - 联系保运人员将氮气胶带改为蒸汽胶带
[M]- inform maintenance personnel to change nitrogen hose into steam hose
[P]- 打开蒸汽阀
[P]- open steam valve
(P) - 确认 312-V11 内吹扫蒸汽向火炬排放

(P) - confirm that purge steam in V11 is discharged to flare
( M ) - 确认蒸罐操作四小时
(M)- confirm that steam purging lasts for 4h
[P]- 打开 312-V11 排凝底部导淋阀排净凝液

[P]- open bottom drain valve of V11 to drain condensate completely
( M )- 确认燃料气系统蒸汽置换合格
(M)- confirm that steam replacement for fuel gas system is up to standard
[P]- 关闭蒸汽阀
[P]- close steam valve
[P]- 关闭界区火炬阀
[P]- close battery limit flare valve
[P]- 关闭 312-V11 出口阀

[P]- close outlet valve of 312-V11
[P]- 关闭 312-V11 安全阀副线阀

[P]- close pressure relief valve and bypass valve of 312-V11
[ P ]- 打开 312-V11 排污阀
[P]- open blowdown valve of 312-V11
(P) - 确认 312-V11 内污水排尽

(P) - confirm that waste water in 312-V11 is drained out
4.3.5 系统隔离
Isolation of System
[ M ] - 燃料气（FG）线界区阀后加盲板
[M]- set blind behind battery limit of fuel gas (FG) line
[ M ] - 酸气（AG）线界区阀后加盲板
[M]- set blind behind battery limit valve of sour gas (AG) line
[ M ] - 火炬线界区阀前加盲板
[M]- set blind in front of battery limit valve of flare line
[ M ]- 酸水线界区阀前加盲板
[M]- set blind in front of battery limit of sour water line
[ M ]- 312-F01 炉头 N2 总线加盲板
[M]- set blind for nitrogen header at 312-F01 head
[ M ]- 312-R01 入口 N2 阀后断开
[M]- cut off behind nitrogen valve at 312-R01 inlet
[ M ]- 312-R02 入口 N2 阀后断开
[ M ]- 312-R03 入口阀 N2 阀后断开

[ M ]- 312-F02 炉头 N2 总线加盲板
[M]- set blind for nitrogen header at 312-F02 head
稳定状态 S5
Steady State S5
焚烧系统强制降温结束，尾气系统物料退净，系统界区隔离
Forced cooling for incineration system is completed, materials are

discharged completely from tail gas system, and system battery limit is
isolated
( )- 确认反应系统达到以下条件
()- reaction system meets the following conditions
( P )- 确认 312-E01 水排净
(P) - water is discharged completely from 312-E01 and;
( P )- 确认各个硫冷器水排净
(P) - water is discharged completely from sulfur coolers and;
( P )- 确认 312-V01、312-V02 及酸性气系统吹扫置换完毕
(P) - purge and replacement for V01, V02 and sour gas system are completed and;
( P )- 确认 312-V11 及瓦斯系统吹扫置换完毕
(P) - purge and replacement for 312-V11 and gas system are completed and;
( I )- 确认 312-F01 炉膛温度 90℃

(I)- 312-F01 furnace temperature is at 90°C and;
( I )- 确认 312-R01 床层温度小于 100℃

(I)- 312-R01 bed temperature is below 100°C and;
( I )- 确认 312-R02 床层温度小于 100℃

( M )- 确认焚烧系统达到以下条件
(M)- incineration system meets the following conditions and;
( M )- 确认 312-F02 火嘴熄灭
(M)- 312-F02 burner is extinguished and;
( M )- 确认 312-E08 蒸汽停
(M)- steam supply for 312-E08 is stopped and;
( M )- 确认 312-F02 炉膛温度 100℃

(M)- 312-F02 furnace temperature is at 100°C and;
( I )- 确认烟道气温度小于 100℃
(I)- flue gas temperature is below 100°C and;
( I )- 确认尾气系统达到以下条件
(I)- tail gas system meets the following conditions and;
( I )- 确认 312-R03 钝化完毕
(I)- passivation for 312-R03 is completed and;
( I )- 确认 312-R03 床层温度小于 100℃

( I )- 确认 312-E06 水排净
(I)- water is drained out from 312-E06 and;
( P )- 确认 312-C02 胺液退净,水洗结束，水排净
(P) - liquid ammonia is discharged completely from 312-C02, washing is completed,
and water is drained out and;
( P )- 确认 312-C01 水洗结束，水排净
(P) - washing for 312-C01 is completed, and water is drained out.
4.3.6 系统置换交检修
Replacement and Delivery for Maintenance of System
4.3.6.1 系统自然通风置换
Natural Ventilation and Replacement of System
[ M ] - 联系保运人员打开 312-F01 侧面人孔

[M]- inform maintenance personnel to open side access hole of 312-F01
[ M ] - 联系保运人员打开 312-E01 汽包人孔

[M]- inform maintenance personnel to open access hole of steam drum of 312-E01
[ M ] - 联系保运人员打开 312-V01、312-V02 人孔
[M]- inform maintenance personnel to open access holes of 312-V01 and 312-V02
[ M ] - 联系保运人员打开 312-V05、312-V11 人孔
[M]- inform maintenance personnel to open access holes of 312-V05 and 312-V11
[ M ] - 联系保运人员打开 312-R01、312-R02、312-R03 人孔
[M]- inform maintenance personnel to open access holes of 312-R01, 312-R02 and
312-R03
[ M ] -联系保运人员打开312-C01、312-C02上面人孔
[ M ] -inform maintenance personnel to open access holes of 312-C01 and 312-C02
4.3.6.2 装置内动设备电机断电
Power failure of Motor for Dynamic Equipment in Unit
[ M ] - 联系保运人员将 312-K01A/B、312-K02A/B 电机断电

[M]- inform maintenance personnel to power off motors 312-K01AB and
312-K02AB
[ M ] - 联系保运人员将 312-P01A/B 电机断电

[M]- inform maintenance personnel to power off motor 312-P01A/B




最终状态 FS
Final state FS
系统置换合格，盲板隔离，交付检修
System replacement is qualified with isolated blinds, and delivery for maintenance
4.4 停工说明（C 级）
Shutdown Instructions (Grade C)
(1) 必须加强岗位与岗位、班组、车间及调度相关单位的联系。
Strengthen the contact between positions, groups, workshops and dispatching
units.
(2) 停工过程要按规程要求做，不要忙乱。
Perform shutdown in accordance with procedure without haste.
(3) 停工过程中要求做到不超温、不着火，不熏人、不误操作。
Prevent overtemperature, fire, smoke and maloperation during shutdown.
(4) 管线吹扫时，要求先付线后正线，最后同时吹扫。管线有支路时，要求先
并联，再分支，后并联，直到吹扫合格。动火及动火相关的管线和设备均
要按安全吹扫规定执行。
Purge bypass line before main line, and purge both lines finally during pipeline
purging.In case of branch pipe, put the pipe in parallel connection before branching,
and then branch the pipe before parellel connection only when purge is up to
standard.Purge hot work and related pipeline and equipment safely and in
accordance with procedure.
(5) 加强吹扫登记，不要漏线，不能存有死角，吹扫时要联系仪表处理相关的
仪表引线，加强蒸汽脱水，防止水击。
Strengthen purge recording to prevent missing line and dead corner; during
purging, inform instrument operator to handle related instrument wires, and
strengthen steam dewatering to prevent water hammer.
(6) 在装置内检查或操作时，要注意避开排放口。
Keep away from discharge outlet during inspection or operation in the unit.
(7) 蒸汽吹扫，低温玻璃板液面计引线阀要关闭，排放口打开。
During steam purge, close lead valve of low- temperature glass level gauge, and
open discharge outlet.
(8) 所有需要吹扫的管线均吹扫8小时以上，容器吹扫48小时以上，进出装置
线吹扫干净后加好盲板，并挂牌标志，同时做好记录。
Keep surge for more than 8h for required pipelines, and keep surge for more than
48h for vessels, set blind for inlet and outlet lines of the unit upon purge, and hang
sign boards and keep records properly.
(9) 蒸汽吹扫冷换设备时，另一程必须有排放口，防止憋压。
When purging heat exchangers, discharge outlets must be placed on another pass
to avoid pressure-up.
(10)需打开的设备必须待降至规定温度后方可打开。
Do not open the equipment before temperature decreased to specified value.
5 专用设备操作规程
SPECIAL EQUIPMENT OPERATING SPECIFICATION
5.1 钢带成型机
Steel Tape Forming Machine
5.1.1 钢带成型机开机
Startup for Steel Tape Forming Machine
A级操作框架图
Grade A Operation Frame Diagram
初始状态 S0
Initial state S0
钢带成型机系统机电、仪表准备就绪
Electromechanical equipment and instruments of steel tape
forming machine are ready for startup
1 开机前准备
Startup preparation
1.1 开机前的检查
Inspection before startup
1.2 0.35MPa蒸汽伴热系统检查
Inspection for 0.35MPa steam tracing system
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
钢带成型机具备启动条件
Steel tape forming machine is ready for startup
2 启动钢带成型机
Startup for steel tape forming machine
最终状态 S2
Final State S2
钢带成型机正常运行
Steel tape forming machine is in normal operation
l B级开机操作
1 Grade B Startup Operation
初始状态 S0
Initial state S0
钢带成型机系统机电、仪表准备就绪
Electromechanical equipment and instruments of steel tape
forming machine are ready for startup
l 应用范围：适用于硫磺装置液硫成型
1 Range of application:applicable to liquid sulfur forming for sulfur units
● 钢带成型机入口压力：0.15-0.50MPa（表压）
Inlet pressure of steel tape forming machine:0.15- 0.50MPa (gage
pressure)
l 状态确认：钢带成型机安装结束，试车完毕；调速器与调速系统正常可靠；
仪表投用正常
1 Status to be confirmed to extent that: installation and run in of steel tape forming
machine are completed; speed governor and speed governing system are normal
and reliable; and instruments are put into normal service
l 开机前准备
1 Startup preparation
1.1 开机前的检查
1.1 Inspection before startup to the extent that:
(P) - 确认钢带成型机钢带周围整洁
(P) - the area around steel tape of steel tape forming machine is clean and
tidy and;
(P) - 确认滴落机处无杂物
(P) - dripping machine is free of sundries and;
(I/P)- 确认钢带成型机所带动的设备允许启动
(I/P) - devices driven by steel tape forming machine are allowed to be
started up and;
(P) - 确认循环水系统正常
(P) - cooling water system is in normal and;
(P) - 确认防粘剂液面正常
(P) - level of abherent is normal and;
(P) - 确认卧式液硫泵已启动
(P) - horizontal liquid sulfur pump has been started up and;
(P) - 确认卧式液流泵出口压力正常
(P) - horizontal liquid sulfur pump has normal discharge pressure.
● 0.35MPa蒸汽系统检查
Inspection for 0.35MPa steam system
(P) - 检查 0.35MPa 夹套伴热是否畅通

(P) - inspect whether heat tracing of 0.35MPa pipe jacket is unblocked
(P) - 检查滴落机和过滤器温度是否正常
(P) - inspect whether the temperature of dripping machine and filter is
normal
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
钢带成型机具备启动条件
Steel tape forming machine is ready for startup
l 状态确认：钢带成型机伴热正常，各部件达到启机条件
1 Status to be confirmed to extent that: steel tape forming machine is in normal heat
tracing, and all components are ready for startup
l 启动成型机
1 Startup for forming machine
[P] - 启动冷却水泵
[P] - start up cooling water pump
(P) - 确认冷却水泵运转正常
(P) - confirm that cooling water pump is in normal operation
[P] - 打开钢带冷却水入口阀，调至适当开度
[P] - open cooling water inlet valve of steel tape, and adjust to proper opening
degree
[P] - 启动引风机
[P] - start up induced draft fan
[P] - 启动钢带机
[P] - start up steel tape forming machine
(P) - 确认钢带不跑偏，运转正常
(P) - confirm that steel tape is not swayed, and is in normal operation
[P] - 启动滴落机
[P] - start up dripping machine
[P] - 全开钢带成型机过滤器出口阀门
[P] - fully open outlet valve of filter of steel tape forming machine
[P] - 打开钢带成型机液硫线电磁阀。给滴落机供料
[P] - open solenoid valve on liquid sulfur line of steel tape forming
machine.Feed sulfur for dripping machine
[P] - 调节钢带成型机过滤器入口阀门，使过滤器压力<0.2MPa
[P] - adjust inlet valve of filter of steel tape forming machine to keep filter
pressure below 0.2MPa
[P] - 出料顺畅后降下滴落机，距离钢带约 4~5mm

[P] - lower dripping machine to about 4mm to 5mm from steel tape after
smooth discharge
(P) - 确认进料温度，过滤器压力正常，硫磺颗粒形状饱满正常
(P) - confirm that feed temperature and filter pressure are normal, and sulfur
particles are in full and normal shape
最终状态 S2
Final State S2
l 状态确认：进料温度，压力正常；成品硫磺颗粒形状正常；钢带成型机运
行稳定
1 Status to be confirmed to extent that: feed temperature and pressure are normal;
finished sulfur particles are in normal shape; and steel tape forming machine is in
stable operation
l
1
5.1.2 钢带成型机停机
Shutdown for Steel Tape Forming Machine
A级操作框架图
初始状态 S0
Initial state S0
1 成型机停机
Shutdown for forming machine
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
钢带成型机停机
2 成型机备用
Putting forming machine in standby
稳定状态 S2
Steady State S2
钢带成型机备用
Steel tape forming machine is in spare state
3 成型机交付检修
Maintenance for forming machine upon handover
最终状态 S3
Final State S3
钢带成型机交付检修
Steel tape forming machine is handed over for maintenance
B级停机操作
Grade B Shutdown Operation
初始状态 S0
Initial state S0
钢带成型机正常运转
应用范围：适用于硫磺装置钢带成型机
Range of application:applicable to steel tape forming machine of sulfur units
状态确认：钢带成型机运转正常，钢带成型机伴热系统温度正常
Status to be confirmed to extent that:steel tape forming machine is in normal operation,
and heat tracing system of steel tape forming machine has normal temperature
1 成型机停机
Shutdown for forming machine
[P] – 关闭钢带成型机过滤器前电磁阀
[P] – close solenoid valve in front of filter of steel tape forming machine
[P] – 打开风吹扫滴落机至干净无硫后，关闭风阀
[P] – open air valve to purge dripping machine clean without sulfur, and then
close the air valve
[P] – 关闭液硫过滤器出口阀门
[P] – close outlet valve of liquid sulfur filter
[P] – 停滴落机
[P] – stop dripping machine
[P] – 停钢带成型机钢带
[P] – stop steel tape of steel tape forming machine
[P] – 停引风机
[P] – stop induced draft fan
[P] – 停冷却水循环泵。关闭泵出口阀
[P] – stop cooling water circulating pump .Close the pump outlet valve;
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
钢带成型机停机
状态确认：钢带成型机停止运转，无异常
Status to be confirmed to extent that:steel tape forming machine stopped and has
no exception
2 成型机备用
Putting forming machine in standby
[P] - 钢带成型机定期试运
[P] - run in steel tape forming machine regularly
[P] - 滴落机定期试运
[P] - run in dripping machine regularly
[P] - 钢带成型机长时间停机，机头要用风吹扫干净
[P] - purge nose cleanly with air in case steel tape forming machine is in
long-term shutdown
稳定状态 S2
Steady State S2
钢带成型机备用
Steel tape forming machine is in spare state
状态确认：钢带成型机处于停机备用状态
Status to be confirmed to extent that:steel tape forming machine is shutd own and
in spare state
3 交付检修
Delivery and maintenance
[P] - 所有电气设备停电
[P] - power off all the electrical equipment
(P) - 设备按检修规程处理
(P) - perform equipment by maintenance procedure
最终状态 S3
Final State S3
钢带成型机交付检修
Steel tape forming machine is handed over for maintenance
状态确认：钢带成型机系统已隔离，按照检修规定进行检修
Status to be confirmed to extent that:the system of steel tape forming machine has
been isolated, and is under maintenance by maintenance regulations
5.1.3 钢带成型机常见故障及处理
Common Faults and Troubleshooting for Steel Tape Forming Machine
表5-1常见故障表
Table 5-1Common Faults List
常见故障原因分析解决措施
Common faults Cause analysis Solutions
1, 操作温度太低 1, 提高操作温度
Too low operation temperature Increase operation temperature
2, 过载 2, 调试扭矩
外转筒转的太慢，尽管驱动装置在运行
Overload Adjust torque
Outer drum rotates too slow though
3, 机械堵塞 3, 清洗机头
drive unit is in operation
Mechanical blocked Clean nose
4, 产品在轴套内 4, 拆卸轴承套清洗
Products are in bearing sleeve Remove and clean bearing sleeve
常见故障原因分析解决措施

Common faults Cause analysis Solutions
1, 无产品输入 1, 检查泵和阀门
No product input Inspect pump and valves
2, 机头过滤器堵塞 2, 清洗过滤器
无产品形成 Head filter is blocked Clean filter
No product output 3, 操作温度太低 3, 调节操作温度
Too low operation temperature Adjust operation temperature
4, 过滤器堵塞 4, 清洗过滤器
Filter is jammed Clean filter
1, 外转筒太快 1, 降低其转速
颗粒连接 Outer drum rotates too fast Lower rotating speed
Pellets are bonded with each other 2, 产品过多 2, 减少产品输入
Too many products Reduce product input
1, 分布器堵塞 1, 清洗分布器
Distributor is blocked Clean distributor
2, 外转筒与钢带间隙太大、不等、倾
斜 2, 调整间隙及水平位置
Too large or non- uniform Adjust clearance and horizontal
clearance between outer drum and position
steel tape, and inclined outer drum
颗粒分布不规则
3, 分布器位置不适 3, 检查调整分布器位置
Pellets are in irregular distribution
Distributor in improper position Inspect and adjust distributor position
4, 分布喷嘴泄漏 4, 检查更换
Distributing nozzle leakage Inspect and replace distributing nozzle
5, 滴角度不合适 5, 调试滴落角度
Improper drip angle Adjust dripping angle
6, 产品输入量过少 6, 增大产品输入
Too little product input Increase product input
5.2 电机驱动鼓风机 312-K01A/B、K02A/B
Motor Driven Blower 312-K01A/B and K02A/B
5.2.1 鼓风机启动
Blower Start
A级
Grade A
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
风机停状态-隔离—机、电、仪及辅助系统准备就绪
Fans are in shutdown status, being isolated, and
mechanical, electrical, instrument and auxiliary system are
all ready.
1. 启动前检查
Inspection Before Startup
状态 S1
State S1
风机具备启动条件
Fans with start conditions
2. 启动
Startup:
2.1 启动后检查
Inspection after the start
最终状态 S2
Final State S2
风机运转正常
Fans operate normally
B级操作
Grade B operation
初始状态
Initial state card
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
风机空气状态-隔离—机、电、仪及辅助系统准备就绪
Fans in air conditions, being isolated, and mechanical,
electrical, instrument and auxiliary system are all ready.
1. 启动前检查
Inspection Before Start
(P) - 确认风机试运完毕。
(P)- Confirm that run-in test of blower fan is completed.
(P) - 确认防护罩完好。
(P)- Confirm that the coupling guard is in good status.
润滑油系统
Lube oil system
(P) - 确认润滑油油位正常
(P)- Confirm that the lube oil level is normal.
电动机
Motor
(P) - 确认电机单运正常。
(P)- Confirm that test of running single motor is normal.
仪表电器系统
Instrument and electric system
(P) - 确认仪表调校合格。
(P)- Confirm that the instrument is debugged to meet requirements.
(P) - 确认电器调校合格。
(P)- Confirm that the electric is adjusted to meet requirements.
(P) - 确认自保联锁试验合格。
(P)- Confirm that the interlock system test is acceptable.
[P] - 手动盘车运转正常。
[P]- Hand-barring runs normally.
状态 S1
State S1
2. 启动
Start:
[I] - 确认风机允许启动各条件都满足
[I] - Confirm that all the requirements for the blower start up are met
[I] - 确认风机联锁各条件都满足
[I] - confirm that all the requirements for the interlock of blower are met
[I] - 确认风机出口现场放空阀开度为 100%

[I] - confirm that local discharge vent valve opening of blower is 100%
[I] - 确认风机出口去制硫炉系统切断阀及流控阀关闭
[I] - confirm that the shutoff valve and control valve from blower discharge to
sulfur production furnace system are closed
[P] - 确认流程正确
[P]- Confirm that the flow is correct.
[M] - 通知电气专业送电
[M] - Inform electrical personnel oto supply power.
[P] - 将远程/就地按钮打到远程档
[P] - switch remote/local button to remote
[P] - 通知内操按下允许启动按钮
[P] - inform board operator to press the button of Startup Allowed
[P] - 操作人员在黄灯亮后 20S 内点动风机

[P] - operators inch the blower within 20s after yellow indicator is on
[P] - 确认风机转向正确
[P]- Confirm that fans are in correct running direction.
[P] - 确认电机停止转动
[P] - confirm that motor rotation is stopped
[P] - 通知内操按下允许启动按钮
[P] - inform board operator to press the button of Startup Allowed
[P] - 操作人员在黄灯亮后 20S 内按下启动按钮

[P] - operators press startup button within 20s after yellow indicator is on
[P] - 调节放空阀开度
[P] - adjust opening degree of vent valve
[I] - 将风机联锁画面风机入口流量及放空阀开度联锁条件投用
[I] - put interlocks for blower suction flowrate and interlocking for opening
degree of vent valve into service.
2.1 启动后检查
Inspection after the start
[M] - 查看风机轴承部位是否有异常的转动及过热现象
[M] - Check that whether bearing parts of the fans have abnormal turns
and overheating phenomenon or not.
(P) - 确认在运转期间，用便携式测温枪检查轴承箱温度是否正常
(P)- Confirm that the temperature of the bearing housing checked by
portable thermoprobe is normal.
(P) - 确认润滑油温度正常
(P)- Confirm that the lube oil temperature is normal.
(P) - 确认电流值在额定范围内
(P) - Confirm that the current values are within the rated range.
(P) - 确认无异常振动
(P)- Confirm that there are no abnormal vibrations.
(P) - 与内操联系确认风机入口风量及出口压力正常
(P) - contact board operator to confirm that suction flowrate and discharge
pressure of blower are normal
最终状态卡
Card of Final State
最终状态 S2
Final State S2
风机运转正常
Fans operate normally
确认
Confirm
(P) - 确认轴承箱温度正常
(P) - confirm that bearing house temperature is normal
(P) - 确认润滑油温度正常
(P)- Confirm that the lube oil temperature is normal.
(P) - 确认电流指示值在额定范围内
(P) - Confirm that the indicated current values are within the rated range.
(P) - 确认无异常振动
(P) - Confirm that there are no abnormal vibrations.
(P) - 确认出口压力、温度正常
(P) - Confirm that the outlet pressure and temperature is normal.
(P) - 确认入口风量正常
(P) - confirm that suction flowrate is normal
5.2.2 鼓风机停车
Stop for Blower
A级纲要
Outline of Grade A
状态 S0
State S0
风机具备停车条件
Fans with stop conditions
最终状态 S1
Final state S1
风机处于停机状态
Fans are on stop state
B级操作
Grade B operation
初始状态
Initial state card
状态 S0
State S0
风机具备停车条件
Fans with stop conditions
1. 风机停车操作
Stop of fans
(I) - 确认轴承箱温度正常
(I) - confirm that bearing house temperature is normal
(I)- 确认润滑油温度正常
(I)- Confirm that the temperature of lube oil is normal.
(P)- 确认电流指示值在额定范围内。
(P)- Confirm that the indicated current values are within the rated range.
(P)- 确认无异常振动
(P)- Confirm that there are no abnormal vibrations.
(P)- 确认出口压力、温度正常
(P)- Confirm that the outlet pressure and temperature is normal.
[M]- 确认空载，下达停机指令
[M] - confirm that blower is in no load, and deliver shutdown order
[P/I]- 按下就地/远程停机按钮
[P/I] - Press the local/ remote shutdown button.
[P]- 风机停车后轴承温度不再上升，润滑油位正常
[P] - After the stop of fans, the temperature of bearing does not increase and
the lube oil level is normal.
确认
Confirm
(P)- 确认风机处于停状态
(P) - Confirm that the fans are in the stop state.
(P)- 确认入口阀门处于关状态
(P) - confirm that suction valve is closed
(P)- 确认出口现场放空阀处于全开状态
(P) - confirm that local vent valve of discharge is fully opened
电动机
Motor
(P)- 确认电机处于停状态
(P) - Confirm that the motor is in shutdown state.
仪表、电器系统
Instrument and electrical equipment system
(P)—确认仪表、电器系统正常
(P) —Confirm that the instrument and electric system is NORMAL.
5.2.3 鼓风机正常切换
Normal Switching for Blowers
A级操作框架图
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
在用风机运行状态，备用风机准备就绪，具备启动条件
The start-up condition is met when fans in-service are in
operation state and the standby fans are ready.
A3.1 启动备用风机
Starting standby fans
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
风机具备切换条件
Fans is ready to switch
A3.2 切换
Switchover
稳定状态 S2
Steady State S2
风机切换完毕
Fans switching over
A3.3 切换后的调整和确认
Adjust and confirm after the switchover
最终状态 S1
Final state S1
风机处于停机状态
Fans are on stop state
A3.3.1 运转机
On-line fans
A3.3.2 停用机
Off-line fans
最终状态 S3
Final State S3
备用机启运后运行正常，原在用机停用
Stop the on-line fans when the standby one is put into normal
operation.
B级切换操作
Grade B Switchover Operation
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
在用风机运行状态，备用机准备就绪，具备启动条件
The start condition is met when on-line fans are in operation
state and the standby fans are ready.
初始状态确认：
Confirmation of initial state:
在用机
On-line Fans
(P) - 电机运行正常
(P) - confirm that motor is running normally
(P) - 机组各部温度正常
(P) - confirm that temperatures of each part are normal
(I/P) - 仪表、电气系统投用（压力表、温度计、报警和自保联锁等）
(I/P) - Put instruments and electrical systems into service (pressure gauge,
thermometer, alarm, self- protection interlock system, etc.).
(P) - 安全阀投用
(P) - confirm that pressure relief valve is put into service
(P) - 无异常泄漏
(P) - confirm the machine is free of abnormal leakage
(P) - 机组运行正常
(P) - confirm that the machine is running normally
备用机
Standby fan.
(P) - 确认润滑油箱油位正常
(P) - confirm that level of lube oil tank is normal
(P) - 确认润滑油不带水
(P) - confirm that lube oil is free of water
(P) - 机组盘车正常
(P) - confirm barring is normal
(P) - 确认机组各部分完好
(P) - confirm that each part of machine is intact
(I/P) - 自保联锁系统投用
(I/P) - Put self-protection interlock system into service.
(P) - 电动机具备开机条件
(P) - confirm that motor is ready for startup
B3.1 启动备用机
Start up of off-line blower
(M) - 确认需切换到备机运行
(M) - confirm that it is necessary to switch off-line blower into running
[P] - 联系相关岗位准备切换
[P] - inform relevant positions to get ready for switching
(P) - 确认备机出口、入口管线、法兰、阀门、压力表等接头无泄漏
(P) - confirm that joints of off-line blower, including discharge and suction
pipelines, flanges, valves and pressure meters connections are free
of leakage
(P) - 确认所用工具及润滑油用具齐全
(P) - confirm that tools and lube oil to be used are complete
(P) - 确认备机电机送电
(P) - confirm that motor of off-line blower is powered on
(P) - 确认备机盘车灵活
(P) - confirm that the barring device of off-line blower rotates freely.
[P] - 备机盘车 3～4 圆周

[P] - barring the off-line blower for 3 ~4 turns
[P] - 按正常步骤启备用机
[P] - start off- line blower by normal procedure
(P) - 确认运转备机各部振动、声音、轴承温度情况正常
(P) - confirm that off-line blower is running without abnormal vibration,
noise and bearing temperature
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
风机具备切换条件
Fans is ready to switch
B3.2 切换
Switchover
[P] - 启动备用风机
[P] - start off-line blower
[P/I] - 打开风机出口并入系统切断阀
[P/I] - open blower discharge shutoff valve and put blower into service
[I] - 逐渐关小备用机出口现场放空阀，同时逐渐开大运行机出口
现场放空阀
[I] - close local discharge vent valve of off- line blower gradually, and
open local discharge vent valve of blower gradually at the same time
(I) - 确认风机出口入炉风量没有变化
(I) - confirm that flowrate of blower to furnace does not change
[I] - 逐渐开大运行机出口现场放空阀至全开，同时调节风机出口阀
[I] - open local discharge vent valve ofblower gradually to 100% opening
degree, and adjust discharge valve of blower at the same time
(P) - 确认切换过程压力平稳，流量稳定
(P) - confirm that pressure and flowrate are stable during switching
(P) - 确认备用风机及运转风机各部振动、声音、轴承温度情况正常
(P) - confirm that the vibration, sound, and bearing temperature of off-line
blower and online blower are normal
[I] - 两台风机同时运行 30 分钟
[I] – both blowers run for 30min
(P) - 确认备用风机各部振动、声音、轴承箱温度（手持测温仪）情
况正常
(P) - confirm that the vibration, noise and bearing house temperature
(inspect by hand-held thermometer) of off- line blower is normal
[P/I] - 关闭风机出口并入系统切断阀
[P/I] - close shutoff valve at discharge of online blower discharge
[P] - 停原运行机
[P] - stop online blower
提示卡：
Cue Card
切换过程配合要密切，协调一致，尽量减小流量波动
Close coordination during switch procedure and minimize
discharge flowrate and pressure fluctuation.
在切换过程如果出现异常情况应停止切换
Stop switching in case of any abnormality during switching
稳定状态 S2
Steady State S2
风机切换完毕
Fans switching over
B3.3 切换后的调整和确认
Adjust and confirm after the switchover
B3.3.1 运转机
On-line fans
见风机调节和确认
Refer to blower adjustment and confirmation
B3.3.2 停用机
Off-line fans
停用机根据要求进行备用或交付检修
According to requirements, the off- line motors are for standby
application or delivered for maintenance.
最终状态 S3
Final State S3
备用机启运后运行正常，原在用机停用
Stop the on-line fans when the standby one is put into normal
operation.
C级辅助说明
Grade C Supplementary Notes
注意事项
Cautions
1) 调节风机过程中保证电机运行电流小于电机额定电流
Makesure that the current of motor is below rate current of motor during adjustment
2) 注意观察电流、电压是否稳定，不能超程与大幅度跳动
Attentions should paid to observe that whether current and voltage are stable or
not, for they cannot exceed the rated degree and are not allowed to change
significantly.
3) 保证润滑油油位、油质
Ensure that level and quality of the lube oil are in normal conditions.
4) 检查风机轴承和电机的运转情况，声音是否正常，温度是否超高
Check the operating condition and noise of bearing and motors, and whether
over-temperature or not.
5) 做好备用机组的盘车等维护工作，保证备用机组正常备用
Properly carry out maintenance services for standby fan barring to ensure the
normal preparation of the standby fan.
6) 风机运转正常后及时将风机保护联锁投用
Put blower interlock protection into service in time after blower is in normal running
5.2.4 常见故障及其处理
Common troubles and handing
表5-2常见故障表
Table 5-2Common Faults List
故障现象
可能的原因处理方法
Phenomena of
Possible cause Handling Method
fault
轴承缺油或油过多检查轴承
Lack of or too much oil for bearings Check bearings
轴承温度高轴承间隙太小或损坏
检查修理或更换轴承
High bearing Too small bearing clearance or
Check, repair or replace bearing
temperature damaged
机组对中不好重新对中
Misalignment of shafts Perform re-alignment
冷却风扇刮碰检查冷却风扇
电机杂音 Cooling fan scrap Check cooling fan
电动机 Motor noise 轴承问题检查更换轴承
Motor Bearing problem Check or replace bearing
电动机机组对中不好重新对中
Motor Misalignment of shafts Perform re-alignment
检查轴承间隙是否太大，瓦壳是否松动，轴承巴
氏合金层是否磨损或脱层，检修或更换轴承
异常振动轴承故障 Check whether bearing clearance is too
Abnormal Bearing fault large, whether bush becomes loose, whether
vibration Babbit alloy layer of bearing is abraded or fallen
off, and repair or replace bearing
电机基础不实或地角螺栓松动
停机检查电机基础
Motor foundation or foundation bolts
Stop motor to check motor foundation
are loose
故障现象
可能的原因处理方法
Phenomena of
Possible cause Handling Method
fault
检查轴承座支承和紧固系统，消除松动。
轴承座松动
Check supporting and fastening system of
Bearing is loose
bearing to eliminate loose
联轴器问题检查修复或更换联轴器
Coupling fault Check, repair or replace coupling
关机，拆卸、检查和纠正。如果对转子做任何改
动，操作后应对转子做动平衡。
部件装配不合适
Stop blower, dismantle, check and
Improper components assembly
repair.Perform dynamic balancing for rotor after
any change to rotor.
检查支撑组件处的螺栓连接。检查台板的螺栓连
接，紧固或更换。
螺栓连接松动或断裂
Bolt connection is loose or broken Check bolt connection of supporting
components.Check, fasten or replace bolt
connection of baseplate.
检查管路布置以及管道吊架、弹簧或膨胀节的安
装是否合适。
管路应力
Checkpipeline layout, support , spring
Pipeline stress
and whether expansion joint is mounted
振动过大
properly.
Too much
机组停机或以某一速度运行时，由于基础或管路
vibration
共振，相邻的机械会引起振动。需要进行详细检
查，以便采取纠正措施。
共振 When the machine is stop or in running at
Resonance certain speed, adjacent machine will be in
鼓风机 vibration by foundation or pipeline
Forced resonance.Perform detailed check and take
draft fan corrective actions.
联轴器磨损或损坏更换联轴器
Coupling abraded or damaged Replace coupling
在临界速度或接近临界速度下运行
不要在临界速度运行
Running at critical speed or near
Do not run machine at critical speed
critical speed
轴承间隙过大更换轴承
Too large bearing clearance Replace bearing
联轴器不对中检查对中情况
Misalignment of coupling Inspect alignment
通过鼓风机流量不足检查入口是否存在堵塞
Insufficient flowrate Check whether suction is plugged
鼓风机排气压
由于进口和/或出口阀堵塞或位置不合
力不足正确定位进口和/或出口阀。除去障碍物
适，引起系统阻力改变。
Inadequate
System resistance is changed since Position suction and/or discharge valve
exhaust
suction and/or discharge valve is correctly.Remove obstacles
pressure of
plugged or in improper position.
blower
排气管路泄漏修理并消除泄漏
Exhaust pipeline leakage Repair and eliminate leakage
出口放空阀关闭不严修理阀门
Discharge vent valve not closed tightly Repair valve
6 通用设备操作规程
BASIC OPERATING PROCEDURE
6.1 离心泵的启动与停运
Start and stop of centrifugal pumps
6.1.1 离心泵的启泵操作
Start of centrifugal pumps
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
离心泵处于空气状态-隔离
Centrifugal pump is in air environment - isolation
机、电、仪及辅助系统准备就绪
Mechanical, electrical, instrument and auxiliary systems are
ready
适用范围：离心泵
Applicable scopeCentrifugal pump
(P) - 泵单机试车完毕
(P) - Run-in of pump is completed.
(P) - 泵处于冷态，无介质
(P) - The pump is stopped without any medium.
(P) - 联轴器安装完毕，防护罩安装好
(P) - Coupling installation is completed and guard is installed.
(P) - 泵的机械，仪表，电气确认完毕
(P)- Confirm that mechanics, instruments and electric of pumps are completed.
(P) - 泵的入口过滤器干净并安装好
(P) - Filter at the pump suction is clean and installed.
(P) - 润滑油领油大桶化验分析合格
(P)- The lube oil is proven to be qualified through test and analysis.
(P) - 油箱加油至液位正常
(P) - Fill in the oil tank to normal liquid level.
(P) - 符合要求的冷却水引至泵前
(P) - Introduce the qualified cooling water to front of the pump.
(P) - 泵入口阀和出口阀关闭且与工艺系统隔离
(P) - The suction valve and discharge valve of the pump are closed and isolated
from the process system.
(P) - 泵盘车灵活
(P) - The barring device rotates freely.
(P) - 电机具备送电条件
(P) - Meet the conditions for energizing the motor.
6.1.1.1 离心泵灌泵
Priming for centrifugal pump
[P] - 打开冷却水并调节好流量
[P] - Open the inlet cooling water valve and properly adjust the flowrate.
[P] - 盘车
[P] - Barring.
[P] - 缓慢打开泵入口阀
[P] - Slowly open the suction valve of the pump.
[P] - 打开泵出口压力表
[P] - Open the pressure gauge at the pump discharge.
[P] - 打开泵出口放空阀排气
[P] - open vent valve of pump discharge to exhaust gas
[P] - 确认排气完毕，关闭放空阀
[P] - Close the vent valve if gas exhaust is confirmed to be completed.
污染环境的介质排空、排污时要用容器盛放
Emptying and sewage of medium that is harmful to the
environment should be performed through a container
46℃以上介质防止烫伤
Prevent scalding by media over 46°C
腐蚀性介质防止灼伤
Prevent burn by corrosive media
有毒性介质防止中毒
Prevent poisoning by toxic media
易燃易爆介质防止泄漏
Prevent leakage of flammable and combustible media
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
离心泵具备启动条件
The centrifugal pump is ready for startup.
状态确认：泵体充满介质并无气体，机械密封无泄露。
Status to be confirmed to extent that:The pump is filled with medium without any
gas, and no leakage exists on mechanical seal.
6.1.1.2 离心泵启泵
Start of centrifugal pump
(P) - 确认电机送电，具备开机条件
(P) - Confirm that the motor is energized and meets the requirements for startup.
[P] - 与相关岗位操作员联系
[P]- Contact the operators of related posts.
[P] - 启动电机
[P] - Start up the motor.
[P] - 出现下列情况立即停泵
[P] - Stop the pump immediately If the following cases happen.
● 严重泄漏
● Serious leakage
● 异常振动
● Abnormal vibration
● 异味
● Foreign odor
● 火花
● Spark
● 烟气
● Flue gas
● 撞击
● Knock
● 电流持续超高
● Continual super high current
(P) - 电动机电流在额定值以下
(P) - The current of the motor is below rated value.
(P) - 确认机泵运转无异常
(P) - Confirm that the pump is running normally.
[P] - 出口压力稳定在额定值以下时，缓慢打开泵出口阀
[P] - Slowly open the discharge valve of the pump when the discharge pressure is
stable and below the rated value.
[P] - 全开泵出口阀
[P] - Fully open the discharge valve of the pump.
提示卡：
Cue Card：
启动前一般应全开入口阀、出口阀，打开出口阀后，应尽快
将泵启动；如果工艺所需流量小，可稍开或不开出口阀，全
开进出口连通阀，然后启动机泵正常后，根据工艺需要，缓
慢开出口，同时缓慢关小连通阀至正常工况。
In general, the suction valve and discharge valve of the pump
should be fully open before start, and start up the pump as soon as
the discharge valve is opened; if the process requires small flowrate,
the discharge valve can be slightly opened or closed, but the bypass
valve should be fully opened, and then slowly open the discharge
valve and slowly close the bypass valve to normal condition after the
pump is started normally.
稳定状态 S2
Steady State S2
离心泵启动运行
Pump starts up and operates.
状态确认：泵出口压力稳定，电机电流在额定值以下。
Status to be confirmed to extent that:The discharge pressure of the pump is stable and
the current of the motor is below the rated value.
6.1.1.3 泵启动后确认和调整
Confirmation and adjustment after pump start
(P) - 确认泵的振动在指标范围内
(P) - Confirm that the vibration of the pump is within normal range.
(P) - 确认测温仪测得轴承箱温度正常、运转声音正常
(P) - confirm that bearing house temperature(measured by thermometer), and
operation sound are normal.
(P) - 确认润滑油的液面正常
(P)- Confirm that the lube oil level is normal.
[P] - 调整润滑油温度、压力正常
[P] - adjust lube oil temperature and pressure to normal values
(P) - 确认液压油液位正常，品质合格
(P) - confirm that hydraulic oil level is normal and oil quality is qualified
(P) - 确认泄漏在标准范围内
(P) - Confirm that the leakage is within the normal range.
[P] - 调整冷却水
[P] - Adjust the cooling water.
(P) - 确认电动机电流正常
(P) - Confirm that the current of the motor is normal.
(P) - 确认泵入口压力稳定
(P) - Confirm that the pressure at the pump suction is stable.
(P) - 确认泵出口压力正常
(P)- Confirm that the discharge pressure of the pump is normal.
[P] - 调整泵出口流量
[P] - Adjust the discharge flowrate of the pump.
[P] - 若发现流量不正常，则进行以下方面的检查和确认
[P] - In case of flowrate anomaly, check and confirm the following.
● 泵体出入口阀泄漏情况
● Check leakage of suction and discharge valves of pump
● 泵体出入口单向阀工作情况
● Check running conditions of suction and discharge check valves of pump
● 液压油系统情况
● Check conditions of hydraulic oil system
● 泵入口过滤网堵塞情况
● Check jamming conditions of suction filter screen of pump
[P] - 泵的排凝口和排气口加盲板或丝堵
[P] - Add blinds or plugs to the drain and vent nozzles.
最终状态 S3
Final State S3
泵处于正常运行状态
Pump is in the condition of normal operation.
最终状态确认：
Final state confirmation:
(P) - 泵入口阀全开
(P)- Fully open the suction valve of the pump.
(P) - 泵出口阀开度适当
(P)- The discharge valve opening of the pump shall be proper.
(P) - 泵出口压力正常
(P)- The discharge pressure of the pump is normal.
(P) - 泵出口流量正常
(P)- The discharge flowrate of the pump is normal.
(P) - 排凝口，排气口加丝堵或盲板
(P)- Add plugs or blinds to the drain and vent nozzles.
(P) - 动静密封点无泄谝
(P)- No leakage at dynamic and static seal points.
6.2 换热器的投用与停运切除操作
On-line and Off-line Operation of Heat Exchanger
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
换热器处于空气状态-隔离
Heat exchanger is in air environment — isolation
适用范围：
Applicable scope
有或无相变的换热器
Heat exchanger with or without phase- change
单台或一组换热器
A single or a set of heat exchanger
流动介质: 循环水、软化水、蒸汽、液体碳氢化合物、气体等
Flowing mediumCooling water, softened water, steam, liquid hydrocarbons, gas, etc.
(P) - 换热器检修验收合格
(P) - The inspection and acceptance of the heat exchanger are complete and
acceptable.
(P) - 换热器与工艺系统隔离
(P) - The heat exchanger is isolated from the process system.
(P) - 换热器密闭排凝线隔离
(P) - The closed drain line of the heat exchanger is isolated.
(P) - 换热器放火炬线隔离
(P) - The heat exchanger flare vent line is isolated.
(P) - 换热器放空阀和排凝阀的盲板或丝堵拆下，阀门打开
(P) - Remove the blind or plug of vent and drain valve ant then open the valve.
(P) - 换热器蒸汽线，N2 线隔离

(P) - The heat exchanger steam line, nitrogen line are isolated.
(P) - 压力表、温度计安装合格
(P) - The installation of pressure gauge and thermometer is qualified.
(P) - 换热器周围环境整洁
(P) - The surrounding of the heat exchanger is clean.
(P) - 消防设施完备
(P) - The firefighting equipment is fully equipped.
6.2.1 换热器拆盲板
Remove the Blind of the Heat Exchanger
(P) - 确认换热器放火炬阀，密闭排凝阀，冷介质入口、出口阀，热介质入
口、出口阀关闭；蒸汽、N2 吹扫置换线手阀及其它与工艺系统连接阀
门关闭
(P) - Confirm following valves are closed: flare vent valve, closed drain valve, inlet
and outlet valves of the cold and hot fluid side, steam valve, nitrogen purging
replacement valve and valves connected with process system.
[P] - 拆换热器放火炬线盲板
[P] - Remove the blind on the flare vent line of heat exchanger.
[P] - 拆换热器密闭排凝线盲板
[P] - Remove the blind on closed drain line of heat exchanger.
[P] - 拆换热器冷介质入口、出口盲板
[P] - Remove blinds at the cold fluid inlet and outlet of heat exchanger.
[P] - 拆换热器热介质入口、出口盲板
[P] - Remove blinds at the hot fluid inlet and outlet of heat exchanger.
[P] - 拆吹扫、置换蒸汽、N2 线盲板

[P] - Remove the blind on purging, steam replacement and nitrogen line.
[P] - 拆其它与工艺系统连线盲板
[P] - Remove other blinds connected to process system.
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
换热器盲板拆除
Remove the blind of the heat exchanger
状态确认：拆除换热器各盲板，将换热器连入系统。
Status to be confirmed to extent that: Remove all blinds for heat exchanger and put
heat exchanger in service.
6.2.2 换热器 N2 置换
Nitrogen Replacement of Heat Exchanger
(P) - 确认换热器管、壳程高点放空阀，低点排凝阀打开
(P) - Confirm that the high point vent valve and the low point drain valve of heat
exchanger are open.
[P] - 缓慢打开壳程 N2 阀门
[P] - Slowly open shell side nitrogen valve.
(P) - 确认壳程放空阀和排凝阀见气
(P) - Confirm that nitrogen appears in the shell side vent and drain valves.
[P] - 缓慢打开管程 N2 阀门
[P] - Slowly open tube side nitrogen valve.
(P) - 确认管程放空阀和排凝阀见气
(P) - Confirm that nitrogen appears in the shell side vent and drain valves.
[P] - 采样分析换热器管、壳程
[P] - Sample and analyze gas composition of both tube and shell side.
(P) - 确认管、壳程置换合格
(P) - Confirm that both tube and shell side nitrogen replacement are qualified.
[P] - 关闭管、壳程放空阀
[P] - Close tube and shell side vent valves.
[P] - 关闭管、壳程氮气阀
[P] - Close tube and shell side nitrogen valves.
[P] - 关闭管、壳程放空阀和排凝阀
[P] - Close tube and shell side vent and drain valves.
管壳程蒸汽置换时，防止超温、超压；防止烫伤
At tube and shell side steam replacement, prevent
over-temperature and over pressure; prevent scald
稳定状态 S2
Steady State S2
换热器置换合格
Replacement of the heat exchanger
状态确认：换热器管、壳层氮气置换合格。
Status to be confirmed to extent that: Tube and shell side nitrogen replacement is
qualified.
6.2.3 换热器投用
On-line of Heat Exchanger
- 现场准备好随时可用的消防蒸汽带
- Fire steam hose should be available at any time on site.
- 投用有毒有害介质的换热器，佩戴好防护用具
- Wear personnel protection when putting the heat exchanger with toxic and
harmful fluid in service.
6.2.3.1 充冷介质
Fill with Cold Medium
(P) - 确认换热器冷介质旁路阀开
(P)- Confirm that cold fluid bypass valve of the heat exchanger is open.
[P] - 稍开换热器冷介质出口阀。
[P] - Slightly open cold fluid outlet valve of heat exchanger.
[P] - 稍开换热器放空阀（不允许外排的介质，稍开密闭放空阀）
[P] - Slightly open the vent valve of heat exchanger (Slightly open the closed vent
valve for fluid which is not allowed to be drained to atmosphere).
(P) - 确认换热器充满介质
(P) - Confirm that heat exchanger is fully filled with fluid.
[P] - 关闭放空阀（或密闭放空阀）
[P] - Close vent valve (or closed vent valve).
注：换热器拆除盲板后，用置换介质做一次法兰的气密试验。
Note: Do tightness test for the flange using replacement medium after the blind of heat
exchanger is unblocked.
6.2.3.2 投用冷介质
Put Cold Medium in Service
[P] - 缓慢打开换热器冷介质出口阀
[P] - Slightly open the cold fluid outlet valve of heat exchanger.
[P] - 缓慢打开换热器冷介质入口阀
[P] - Slightly open the cold fluid inlet valve of heat exchanger.
[P] - 缓慢关闭换热器冷介质旁路阀
[P] - Slightly close cold fluid bypass valve of heat exchanger.
6.2.3.3 充热介质
Fill with Hot Medium
(P) - 确认换热器热介质旁路阀开
(P)- Confirm that hot fluid bypass valve of the heat exchanger is open.
[P] - 稍开换热器热介质出口阀
[P] - Slightly open hot fluid outlet valve of heat exchanger.
[P] - 稍开换热器放空阀（不允许外排的介质，稍开密闭放空阀）
[P] - Slightly open the vent valve of heat exchanger (Slightly open the closed vent
valve for fluid which is not allowed to be drained to atmosphere).
(P) - 确认换热器充满介质
(P) - Confirm that heat exchanger is fully filled with fluid.
[P] - 关闭放空阀（或密闭放空阀）
[P] - Close vent valve (or closed vent valve).
注：不允许外排的介质：a) 有毒、有害的介质b) 温度高于自燃点的介质c) 易

燃、易爆的介质
Note: Media which are not allowed to be discharged: a) toxic and hazardous media b)
media with temperature above spontaneous ignition point c) inflammable and explosive
media
6.2.3.4 投用热介质
Put Hot Medium in Service
[P] - 缓慢打开换热器热介质出口阀
[P] - Slightly open the hot fluid outlet valve of heat exchanger.
[P] - 缓慢打开换热器热介质入口阀
[P] - Slightly open the hot fluid inlet valve of heat exchanger.
[P] - 缓慢关闭换热器热介质旁路阀
[P] - Slightly close hot fluid bypass valve of heat exchanger.
稳定状态 S3
Steady state S3
换热器投用
Put Heat Exchangers into Service
状态确认：换热器内充满介质且无泄漏。
Status to be confirmed to extent that: Heat exchanger is fully filled with fluid without
leakage.
6.2.4 换热器投用后的检查和调整
Inspection and Adjustment after the Heat Exchanger is Put in Service
(P) - 确认换热器无泄漏
(P) - Confirm that no leakage exists in heat exchanger.
[P] - 按要求进行热紧
[P] - Hot tightening according to the requirements.
[P] - 检查调整换热器冷介质入口和出口温度、压力、流量
[P] - Check and adjust the temperature, pressure and flowrate of cold fluid inlet and
outlet of heat exchanger.
[P] - 检查调整换热器热介质入口和出口温度、压力、流量
[P] - Check and adjust the temperature, pressure and flow of hot fluid inlet and
outlet of heat exchanger.
[P] - 换热器吹扫、置换蒸汽线加盲板
[P] - Install blinds at purging and steam replacement line of heat exchanger.
[P] - 换热器吹扫、置换 N2 线加盲板

[P]─ Install blinds at purging and nitrogen replacement line of heat exchanger.
[P] - 密闭排凝线加盲板
[[P] - Install blinds at closed drain line.
[P] - 放火炬线或密闭放空线加盲板
[P] - Install blinds at flare vent line or closed vent line.
[P] - 放空阀和排凝阀加盲板或丝堵
[P]- Install blinds or plugs to vent valve and drain valve.
(P) - 确认换热器运行正常
(P) - Confirm that heat exchanger is running normally
[P] - 恢复保温
[P] - Reinstall insulation.
[P] - 恢复蒸汽圈、防雨罩等安全防护设施
[P] - Reinstall safety protection facilities such as steam ring and rain cover.
最终状态 S4
Final state S4
换热器正常运行
Cooler runs normally
状态确认：换热器管、壳层出入口温度、压力、流量正常。
Status to be confirmed to extent that: The inlet and outlet temperature, pressure and
flowrate of heat exchanger shell side are normal
最终状态确认：
Final state confirmation:
(P) - 换热器冷介质入口、出口温度、压力和流量正常
(P)- Inlet and outlet temperature, pressure and flow of heat exchanger cold fluid
are normal.
(P) - 换热器热介质入口、出口温度、压力和流量正常
(P)- The inlet and outlet temperature, pressure and flowrate of hot fluid of heat
exchanger are normal.
(P) - 换热器密闭排凝线、密闭放空线加盲板
(P) - Install blinds on closed drain line and closed vent line of heat
exchanger.
(P) - 换热器排凝放火炬线加盲板
(P) - Install blinds on drain line (to flare) of heat exchanger.
(P) - 换热器放空阀、排凝阀加盲板域丝堵
(P) - Install blinds or plugs to vent valve and drain valve of heat exchanger.
(P) - 换热器蒸汽、N2 吹扫置换线加盲板

(P) - Install blinds on steam line and nitrogen purge and replacement line of heat
exchanger.
6.2.5 换热器的停用切除操作
Heat Exchanger Off-line Operation
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
换热器正常运行
Cooler runs normally
适用范围：
Applicable scope
有或无相变的换热器
Heat exchanger with or without phase- change
单台或一组换热器
A single or a set of heat exchanger
流动介质：循环水、软化水、蒸汽、液体碳氢化合物、气体等
Flow medium:Cooling water, softened water, steam, liquid hydrocarbons, gas, etc.
(P) - 换热器冷介质入口、出口阀开
(P) - Cold fluid inlet and outlet valves of heat exchanger are open.
(P) - 换热器热介质入口、出口阀开
(P) - Hot fluid inlet and outlet valves of heat exchanger are open.
(P) - 换热器密闭排凝线盲板隔离
(P) - Closed drain line of heat exchanger is isolated with blind.
(P) - 换热器放火炬线盲板隔离
(P) - Flare vent line of heat exchanger is isolated with blind.
(P) - 换热器放空阀、排凝阀盲板或丝堵隔离
(P)- Vent valve and drain valve of heat exchanger are isolated with blinds.
(P) - 换热器蒸汽、N2 吹扫置换线盲板隔离

(P) - steam and nitrogen purge and replacement line of heat exchanger are
isolated with blinds.
6.2.5.1 换热器切除
Off- line of Heat Exchanger
[P] - 打开热介质旁路阀
[P]- Open hot fluid bypass valve.
[P] - 关闭热介质入口阀
[P] - Close hot fluid inlet valve.
[P] - 关闭热介质出口阀
[P] - Close hot fluid outlet valve.
[P] - 打开冷介质旁路阀
[P] - Open cold fluid bypass valve.
[P] - 关闭冷介质入口阀
[P] - Close cold fluid inlet valve.
[P] - 关闭冷介质出口阀
[P] - Close cold fluid outlet valve.
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
换热器切除
Off-line of Heat Exchanger
状态确认：换热器与系统断开，管、壳层内充满介质。
Status to be confirmed to extent that: Heat exchanger is isolated from system, tube and
shell side are filled with fluid.
6.2.5.2 换热器备用
Standby heat exchanger
6.2.5.2.1 热备用
Hot Standby
[P] - 打开冷介质出口阀
[P] - Open cold fluid outlet valve.
[P] - 稍开冷介质入口阀
[P] - Slightly open cold fluid inlet valve.
[P] - 打开热介质出口阀
[P] - Open hot fluid outlet valve.
[P] - 稍开热介质入口阀
[P] - Slightly open hot fluid inlet valve.
(P) - 确认换热器充满热介质
(P) - Confirm that the heat exchanger is filled with hot fluid.
(P) - 确认热介质无冻凝
(P) - Confirm that no freeze exists in hot fluid.
(P) - 确认换热器充满冷介质
(P) - Confirm that the heat exchanger is filled with cold fluid.
(P) - 确认冷介质无冻凝、无汽化
(P) - Confirm that no freeze or vaporization exist in cold fluid.
6.2.5.2.2 冷备用
Cold Standby
[P] - 关闭热介质出口阀
[P] - Close hot fluid outlet valve.
[P] - 关闭热介质入口阀
[P] - Close hot fluid inlet valve.
[P] - 关闭冷介质出口阀
[P] - Close cold fluid outlet valve.
[P] - 关闭冷介质入口阀
[P] - Close cold fluid inlet valve.
[P] - 拆换热器密闭排凝阀线盲板
[P] - Remove the blind on closed drain line of heat exchanger.
[P] - 拆换热器放火炬线盲板
[P] - Remove the blind on the flare vent line of heat exchanger.
[P] - 拆换热器蒸汽线、N2 线盲板

[P] - Remove blinds on steam line and nitrogen line.
[P] - 拆换热器放空阀，排凝阀丝堵或盲板
[P]- Remove the plugs or blinds of vent and drain valve of heat exchanger.
[P] - 吹扫蒸汽排凝
[P] - Drain out purging steam condensate.
[P] - 打开热介质密闭排凝阀或打开放火炬阀
[P] - Open closed drain valve or flare vent valve of hot fluid.
[P] - 打开热介质侧的蒸汽或 N2 阀
[P] - Open the steam or nitrogen valve on hot fluid side.
[P] - 打开冷介质密闭排凝阀或打开放火炬阀
[P] - Open closed drain valve or open flare vent valve of cold fluid.
[P] - 打开换热器冷介质侧的蒸汽或 N2 阀
[P] - Open steam or nitrogen valve on cold fluid side of heat exchanger.
(P) - 确认热介质侧吹扫，置换合格
(P) - Confirm that the purge and replacement hot fluid side are qualified.
[P] - 关闭热介质侧蒸汽或 N2 阀
[P] - Close steam or nitrogen valve on hot fluid side.
[P] - 打开热介质侧排凝阀和放空阀
[P] - Open drain and vent valve on hot fluid side.
(P) - 确认冷介质侧吹扫，置换合格
(P) - Confirm that the purge and replacement of cold fluid side are qualified.
[P] - 关闭冷介质侧蒸汽或 N2 阀
[P] - Close the steam or nitrogen valve at cold fluid side.
[P] - 打开冷介质侧排凝阀和放空阀
[P] - Open the drain and vent valve on cold fluid side.
换热器置换时，防止超温、超压；防止烫伤；泄压时，应特别注意防冻凝，严禁有
毒有害介质随地排放。
At heat exchanger replacement, prevent over-temperature and over pressure; prevent scald; at
the time of pressure relief, attention shall be paid to antifreezing, forbid the blow-down of toxic
and hazardous media.
稳定状态 S2
Steady State S2
换热器备用
Standby heat exchanger
状态确认：
换热器热备用时，管、壳层内有少量介质流过；换热器冷备用时管、壳层内没
有介质，且氮气置换合格。
When heat exchanger is hot standby, small amount of fluid flows through tube and shell
side; when heat exchanger is cold standby, no fluid stays in tube and shell side and
nitrogen replacement should be qualified.
6.2.5.2.3 换热器交付检修
Delivery of Heat Exchanger to Servicing
[P] - 换热器与工艺系统盲板隔离
[P] - The heat exchanger is isolated from process system with blind.
[P] - 换热器密闭排凝线盲板隔离
[P]- Closed drain line of heat exchanger is isolated with blind.
[P] - 换热器放火炬线盲板隔离
[P] - Fare vent line of heat exchanger is isolated with blind.
[P] - 换热器吹扫蒸汽线，N2 线盲板板隔离

[P] - Steam purging line and nitrogen line of heat exchanger are isolated with
blinds.
(P) - 确认换热器排凝和放空阀打开
(P)- Confirm that drain and vent valve of heat exchanger are open.
(P) - 确认采样分析合格
(P) - Confirm that the gas sampling and analysis is qualified.
最终状态 S3
Final state S3
换热器交付检修
Delivery of heat exchanger to servicing
状态确认：
换热器与系统被隔离开。
Heat exchanger is isolated from the system
6.3 空冷器的投用与停运操作
Air Cooler On-line and Off-line Operation
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
风机空气状态-隔离—机、电、仪及辅助系统准备就绪
Fans in air conditions, being isolated, and mechanical, electrical,
instrument and auxiliary system are all ready.
适用范围
Applicable scope
● 轴流式（空冷器风机）
● Axial flow (air cooler fan)
● 电动机带动的
● Motor driven
初始状态
Initial state card
(P) - 风机单机试车完毕
(P) - Fan run-in is completed.
(P) - 空冷器风机皮带及防护罩安装合格
(P) - The belt and blade guard of the fan on the air cooler are installed properly.
(P) - 风机的机械、仪表、电气确认完毕
(P)- The confirmation of mechanics, instruments and electric of the fan is
completed.
(P) - 合格的润滑油、脂已加好
(P)- Qualified lube oil and grease have been added.
(P) - 确认电动机完好，断电
(P)- Confirm that the motor is in good condition and the power supply is cut off.
6.3.1 开风机准备
Preparation for Start the Fan
[P] - 检查风机皮带是否完好，张紧度是否合适
[P] - Check the belt of the fan for undamaged and proper tension degree.
[P] - 盘车，检查有无机械摩擦声
[P] - Perform barring and check for jam fault.
[P] - 检查风机叶片角度是否合适且一致
[P] - Check the blade angle of the fan for compliance.
[P] - 检查空冷百叶窗开度是否合适
[P] - Check the shutter of the air cooler to see if its opening is proper.
[P] - 电动机送电（见电动机开机规程）
[P] - Supply power to the motor (refer to the startup procedure of the motor).
[P] - “DCS”上风机变频器开度（如有）调至 0%
[P] - Adjust frequency converter opening (if any) of the fan on “DCS” to 0%.
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
6.3.2 风机开机
Start of the Fan
[P] - 启动电动机（见电动机开机规程）
[P] - Start up motor (refer to the startup procedure of motor).
[P] - 出现下列情况立即停机
[P] - Shut down motor immediately in the following cases.
● 异常泄漏
● Abnormal leakage
● 振动异常
● Abnormal vibration
● 异味
● Foreign odor
● 异常声响
● Abnormal noise
● 火花
● Spark
● 烟气
● Flue gas
● 电流持续超高
● Continual super high current
[P] - 缓慢调节变频器（如有）使风机转速满足要求
[P] - Slowly adjust the frequency converter (if any) to meet the fan rotating speed
requirement.
[P] - 调节风机百叶窗角度
[P] - Adjust the shutter angle of the fan.
稳定状态 S2
Steady State S2
风机开机运行
Fan is in operation upon startup
6.3.2.1 风机开机后的检查和调整
Inspection and Adjustment of the Fan after Startup
(P) - 确认风机振动在指标范围内
(P)- Confirm that the vibration of the fan is within the scope.
(P) - 确认电机轴承温度和声音正常
(P) - Confirm that the temperature and sound of the motor bearings are normal.
(P) - 确认润滑正常
(P)- Confirm that the lube oil system is normal.
(P) - 确认风机皮带松紧适度
(P)- Confirm that tension degree of the belt on the fan is proper.
[P] - 调整风扇角度满足工艺要求（可调角度空冷器风机）
[P] - Adjust the angle of fan blade to meet process requirements (for adjustable fan
blade on air cooler).
最终状态 S3
Final state S3
风机正常运行，空冷器投用
Fan is in normal operation and put the air cooler in service
最终状态：
Final state :
(P) - 风机轴承无杂音
(P)- Fan bearing is free of noise.
(P) - 风机风扇角度调节适度
(P)- Fan blade angle adjustment is proper.
(P) - 电机运转正常，电流正常
(P)- The motor runs normally and the current is normal.
6.3.3 空冷器停用
Air Cooler Off-line
适用范围
Applicable scope
● 轴流式（空冷器风机）
● Axial flow (air cooler fan)
● 电动机带动的
● Motor driven
初始状态
Initial state card
(P) - 风机轴承无杂音
(P)- Fan bearing is free of noise.
(P) - 风机风扇角度调节适度
(P)- Fan blade angle adjustment is proper.
(P) - 电机运转正常
(P) - The motor operates normally.
6.3.3.1. 风机停机
Stop of the Fan
(P) - 确认电机负荷降至最低。
(P) - Confirm that the motor load has been decreased to minimum.
[P] - 按下停机按钮。
[P] - Press the shutdown button.
(P) - 确认电动机不转。
(P)- Confirm that the motor is not running.
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
风机停机
Shutdown of the Fan
状态确认：电动机停止运转。
Status to be confirmed to extent that: The motor has been shut down.
6.3.3.2 风机备用
Fan in Standby State
[P] - 停冷却水系统。
[P]- Shut down the cooling water system.
[M]- 开停电票。
[M]- Apply for power off.
[M]- 接到停电回执。
[M]- Power off notification is received
稳定状态 S2
Steady State S2
风机备用
Fan in Standby State
状态确认：机泵运行记录上电动机处于备用状态。
Status to be confirmed to extent that: The motor is recorded to be in standby state on
pump operation records.
6.3.3.3 空冷器交付检修
Handover and Overhaul of Air Cooler
(P) - 确认风机断电
(P)- Confirm that fan is powered off.
(P) - 确认空冷器处于冷态
(P)- Confirm that air cooler is in a cold state.
[P] - 关闭空冷器管程上下游出入口阀门
[P] - Close the inlet and outlet valves at the upstream and downstream of the air
cooler (tube side).
[P] - 空冷器管程入口排凝接蒸汽（氮气、脱离子水）胶带，出口排凝接胶
带至火炬线
[P] - Connect steam (nitrogen and demi-water) hose to the inlet drain valve of the of
the air cooler (tube side), and connect the outlet drain valve of the air cooler
(tube side) and to flare line by hose.
[P] - 开蒸汽（氮气、脱离子水）阀密闭吹扫空冷器管程
[P] - Open the steam (nitrogen and demi-water) valve to purge the air cooler (tube
side).
[P] - 空冷器管程上下游出入口阀处加盲板隔离
[P] - Add spectacle blinds at the inlet and outlet valves of the air cooler (tube side)
for isolation.
(P) - 吹扫结束，确认空冷器排凝和放空阀打开
(P) - Confirm that drain valve(s) and vent valve(s) are opened after the purging is
completed.
(P) - 确认采样分析合格
(P) - Confirm that the gas sampling and analysis is qualified.
最终状态 S3
Final state S3
空冷器交付检修
Handover and overhaul of air cooler
7 事故预案处理
ACCIDENT HANDLING PLAN
7.1 事故处理原则
Accident Handling Principle
事故处理原则是按照消除、预防、减弱、隔离、警告的顺序进行控制。当发生
危险、危害事故时，要坚持先救人后救物，先重点后一般，先控制后消灭的总
原则灵活果断处置，防止事故扩大。
The principle of accident handling is to control situations according to the order of
eliminating, preventing, receding, isolating and warning. When dangerous and hazard
accidents happen, it should, adhering to the general principle of saving people first and
then materials, key point first and then general point as well as control first and then
eliminate, handle flexibly and decisively so as to prevent the further expand of the
accident.
当装置出现有潜在危险并能导致人员伤害或损坏设备的情况时，要求装置紧急
停工。停工的过程中要求做到以下几点：
When there are potential dangers to cause damage to both persons and equipment, it
shall be required for shutdown immediately. Pay attention to the following issues during
shutdown:
1、必须迅速确定事故状态；
1. The accident situations shall be determined rapidly;
2、正确判断事故种类；
2. The accident type shall be judged correctly;
3、果断执行处理步骤。
3. Execute the handling steps decisively.
4、设备做到不超温、不超压、不出现跑、冒、滴、漏
4. Avoid equipment with over-temperature, overpressure and leakage.
5、装置做到事故最小化，将装置退守到安全状态
5. Minimize accidents and return unit to safe mode.
7.2 紧急停工方法
Emergency Shutdown Method
A 级
Grade A
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
装置出现重大突发事件，无法继续维持正常生产
Unit cannot continue to maintain normal production due to
major emergencies,
7.2.1 隔离事故发生部位
Isolate the accident sites.
7.2.2 制硫炉停工
Shutdown for Sulfur Production Furnace
7.2.3 焚烧炉停工
Shutdown for Incinerator
7.2.4 急冷塔、吸收塔停工
Shutdown for Quench Column and Absorption Column
最终状态 FS
Final state FS
制硫炉、焚烧炉熄火，停止进料和产品外送，硫磺系
统保温防过氧，伴热蒸汽保持运行，机泵备用，清洁
酸性气、含氨酸性气放火炬线。
Sulfur production furnace and incinerator flame out, feeding
and product output are stopped, sulfur system is put under
thermal insulation to prevent overoxidation, steam tracing is
kept in operation, pump is in standby state, and clean sour
gas and ammonia-bearing sour gas are discharged to flare
line.
B 级
Grade B
初始状态卡
Initial state card
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
装置出现重大突发事件，无法继续维持正常生产
Unit cannot continue to maintain normal production due
to major emergencies,
确认：
The following items shall be confirmed to extent that:
()- 装置出现重大突发事件
()- major emergencies happen to the unit
()- 相关参数严重偏离正常值
()- related parameters deviate from normal value seriously.
()- 制硫炉、尾气焚烧炉处于燃烧状态
()- combustion furnace for sulfur production, tail gas incinerator is in the state of
combustion.
()- 装置机泵运转正常
()- the rotating equipment operates normally.
7.2.1 隔离事故发生部位
Isolate the Accident Sites.
( M ) - 确认发生事故部位
(M)- confirm the accident locations.
[I]- 降压、降温
[I]- temperature decrease and pressure decrease
[P]- 关闭上、下游阀门
[ P ] — close the upstream and downstream valves
7.2.2 燃烧炉停工
Shutdown for Combustion Furnace
[ I ]- 按 SIS 系统画面或操作台上”紧急停工按钮”
[I]- press the “the emergency shutdown button” on the SIS system screens or the
operating desk.
[P]- 按现场”紧急停车按钮”
[P]- press “ the emergency shutdown button” on site.
[P]- 关闭进燃烧炉炉头酸性气手阀
[P]- close the burner valve for sour gas of combustion furnace.
[P]- 关闭进燃烧炉中部酸性气手阀
[P]- close the middle valve for sour gas of combustion furnace .
[P]- 关闭进燃烧炉主火嘴燃料气手阀
[P]- close the main burner fuel gas valve to combustion furnace.
[P]- 关闭进燃烧炉点火枪燃料气手阀
[P]- close the igniter fuel gas valve to combustion furnace.
[P]- 关闭进燃烧炉点火枪净化风手阀
[P]- close the igniter instrument air valve to combustion furnace.
[P]- 关闭酸性气进硫磺回收装置手阀
[P]- close the valve for sour gas to sulfure recovery unit
[P]- 停风机 312-K01AB

[P]- shutdown fan 312-K01AB
[P]- 关闭氢气进加氢反应器阀门
[P]- close the valve for oxygen to hydrogenation reactor
(P) - 确认联锁中各阀动作正确
(P) - Confirm that the actions of valves in the state of interlocking are correct.
(I)- 确认联锁中各阀动作正确
(I)- Confirm that the actions of valves in the state of interlocking are correct.
(I)- 确认各炉前各调节阀关闭
(I)- Confirm that all control valves are closed in front of all the furnaces.
(I)- 确认炉、反应器温度、压力、汽包液位、压力不超高
(I)- Confirm that the temperature of the furnaces and reactors, the pressure, level
and the pressure of steam drum are not superhigh.
[I]- 关闭 AV002
[I]- Close AV002
[P]- 燃烧炉反吹风改为氮气吹扫保护
[P]- change reverse air of combustion furnace into nitrogen purge protection.
[P]- 尾气加热器 E07 给氮气保护

[P]- charging nitrogen to protect tail gas heater E07
7.2.3 焚烧炉停工
Shutdown for Incinerator
[ I ]- 按 SIS 系统画面或操作台上”紧急停工按钮”
[I]- press the “the emergency shutdown button” on the SIS system screens or the
operating desk.
[ P ]- 关闭进焚烧炉主火嘴燃烧气手阀
[P]- close the main burner fuel gas valve to incinerator .
[ P ]- 关闭进焚烧炉点火枪燃料气手阀
[P]- close the igniter fuel gas valve to incinerator .
[ P ]- 关闭进焚烧炉点火枪净化风手阀
[P]- close the igniter instrument air valve to incinerator .
[P]- 关闭燃料气进 312- V11 前手阀

[P]- Close the valves through which fuel gas enters 312-V11 front valve.
[ P ]- 停 312-K02A 或 312-K02B
[P]- shutdown for 312-K02A or 312-K02B
(P) - 确认联锁中各阀动作正确
(P) - Confirm that the actions of valves in the state of interlocking are correct.
(I)- 确认联锁中各阀动作正确
(I)- Confirm that the actions of valves in the state of interlocking are correct.
(I)- 确认各炉前各调节阀关闭
(I)- Confirm that all control valves are closed in front of all the furnaces.
[P]- 停下液硫池蒸汽喷射泵的蒸汽
[P]- shutdown for the steam of steam ejector pump of the liquid sulfur vessel
7.2.4 停急冷塔、吸收塔
Shutdown for Quench Column and Absorption Column
[ P ]- 关闭急冷水去污水汽提手阀
[P]- close stripping valve of quench water to the sewage
[ P ]- 关闭 312-P01AB 出口阀停泵
[P]- Close 312-P01AB discharge valve to stop the pump
[ P ]- 停止急冷水循环
[P]- stop the quench water circulation
[ P ]- 关闭贫液进吸收塔阀门
[P]- Close the valve on the line transmitting lean liquor to absorber
[ P ]- 关闭富液去溶剂再生装置阀门
[P]- close the valve on the line transmitting rich amine to solvent regenerating unit
[ P ]- 关闭 312-P02AB 出口阀后停泵
[P]- Close 312-P02AB discharge valve and then stop the pump
[ I ]- 关闭 312-LV-009、312-LV-010
[ I ]- Close 312-LV-009 and 312-LV-010
( I )- 确认 312-C01、312-C02 液位、压力不高
(I)- conform that the level and the pressure of 312-C01 and 312-C02 are not high.
( I )- 确认加氢反应器温度不超高
(I)- conform that the temperature of hydrogenation reactor are not
overtemperature.
最终状态 FS
Final state FS
制硫炉、焚烧炉熄火，停止进料和产品外送，硫磺
系统保温防过氧，伴热蒸汽保持运行，机泵备用。
Sulfur production furnace and incinerator flame out,
feeding and product output are stopped, sulfur system is
put under thermal insulation to prevent overoxidation,
steam tracing is kept in operation, and pump is in standby
state.
最终状态卡
Card of Final State
确认:
The following items shall be confirmed to extent that:
()- 312-F01、312-F02 熄火
()- 312-F01 and 312-F02 flame out and;
()- 急冷塔，吸收塔停止运行
()- quench column and absorption column are out of service and;
()- 各反应器温度不超过 400℃

()- reactor temperature is within 400°C and;
()- 312-K01A/B、312-K02A/B、312-P01A/B、312-P02A/B 停运
()- 312-K01A/B, 312-K02A/B, 312-P01A/B and 312-P02A/B are out of service
and;
()- 汽包、硫泠却器、蒸汽发生器液位正常，压力低
()- steam drum, sulfur cooler and steam generator have normal and low pressure
最终状态 FS
Final state FS
制硫炉、焚烧炉熄火，停止进料和产品外送，硫磺
系统保温防过氧，伴热蒸汽保持运行，机泵备用。
Sulfur production furnace and incinerator flame out,
feeding and product output are stopped, sulfur system is
put under thermal insulation to prevent overoxidation,
steam tracing is kept in operation, and pump is in standby
state.
辅助说明：
Auxiliary instructions:
紧急停工后，若能够恢复开工条件，装置执行开工规程，重新开工；若不能恢
复开工条件，根据调度指令，执行停工规程，装置退料和吹扫。
In case startup conditions are met upon emergendy shutdown, perform startup
procedure for units to re-start the units; in case startup conditions are not met, perform
shutdown procedure to discharge materials and purge for the unit according to the
scheduler’s order.
7.3 事故处理预案
Accident Handling Plan
(一) 停仪表风事故处理
(I) Accident Handling Plan for Cutting off instrument air
事故现象：
Phenomena of accident:
DCS画面流量、压力、液位指示多点报警
Multi-point alarm of flow, pressure and level in DCS picture
DCS风开阀均关；风关阀均开
All the air on valves of DCS are closed, and all the air off valves are opened
主、尾炉联锁跳停
Main and tail furnaces are tripped
事故原因：
Accident cause:
系统仪表风中断
System instrument air supply is interrupted
312-V12出口过滤器堵
312-V12 outlet filter is blocked
事故确认：
Accident to be confirmed to extent that:
净化风罐312-V12压力指示为零
The pressure of purified air tank 312-V12 indicates zero
净化风312-FIQ-041流量为零
The flow meter 312-FIQ-041 indicates zero for purified air
事故处理：
Accident handling:
初期险情控制
Risk control at the initial period
[I]- 确认 312-PV-001、312-PV-002 打开放火炬

[I]- confirm that 312-PV-001 and 312-PV-002 are opened to flare
[P]- 现场手动调节保持急冷塔 312-C01、吸收塔 312-C02 循环

[P]- manually adjust and keep quench column 312-C01 and absorption
column 312-C02 in circulation on site
提示卡：
Cue Card:
1、注意风机运行，防止风机憋压，发生喘振。
1. Pay attention to the fan operation and prevent it from pressure up and surge.
2、将主炉反吹风更换为氮气。
2. Change the reverse air of main furnace into nitrogen.
2. 工艺处置
Process handling
[ M ] - 立即向调度汇报
[M]- report to scheduler immediately
[ M ] - 立即向装置领导汇报
[M]- report to unit leaders immediately
(I)- 确认 312-XCV-004、312-XCV-005、312-XCV-006、312-XCV-013
、312-XCV-014 等与风、酸性气、燃料气、氢气相关的联锁阀均
关闭
(I)- confirm that interlocking valves of 312-XCV-004, 312-XCV-005,
312-XCV-006, 312-XCV-013 and 312-XCV-014 related to air, sour gas,
fuel gas and hydrogen are all closed
[P]- 手动调节 312-LV-005、312-LV-006、312-LV-007、312-LV-008、

312-LV-009、312-LV-010 前手阀，保持各塔器液位稳定
[P]- manually adjust front valves of 312-LV-005, 312-LV-006, 312-LV-007,
312-LV-008, 312-LV-009 and 312-LV-010 to keep stable level for columns
[P]- 关闭进 312-F01 中部酸性气手阀

[P]- close the valve for sour gas to the middle 312-F01
[P]- 关闭进 312-F02 燃料气调节阀后手阀

[P]- close the valve behind fuel gas control valve 312-F02
[P]- 关闭进 312-R03 氢气调节阀 312-AV-002 后手阀

[P]- close the valve behind hydrogen control valve 312-AV-002 to 312-R03
[P]- 当过热蒸汽温度低于 180℃，312-TIC-026 后手阀

[P]- close the valve behind 312-TIC-026 when superheated steam
temperature is below 180°C
[P]- 如确认净化风罐入口管过滤器堵，则改另一组运行
[P]- put another set into service after confirming that inlet pipe filter of purified
air tank is blocked
(P) - 确认反吹风已改为氮气
(P) - confirm that reverse air has been changed into nitrogen
3. 设备处置
Equipment handling
[ P ]- 调整吸收塔和急冷塔塔底调节阀前手阀，保持系统循环。
[P]- adjust the valve in front of bottom control valve of absorption column and
quench column to keep system circulation.
[ P ]- 打开现场风机放空阀。
[P]- on site open vent valve of blower.
[ M ]- 联系保运检查处理净化风过滤器
[M]- inform maintenance teamteamto inspect and handle purified air filter
4. 现场检测及疏散
Field test and evacuation
[ P ]- 在装置没有恢复正常阶段，警戒并禁止无关人员进入
[ P ]- Keep a close watch on irrelevant personnel for entering the site during the
period when the unit has not been recovered to normal condition.
5. 个体防护
Personal protection
- 现场人员穿防静电工作服，戴防护手套、防毒面罩、安全帽，携

带便携式硫化氢报警仪和可燃气报警仪
- on-site personnel shall wear anti-static work clothes, protective gloves,
gas mask, safety helmet, and carry portable H2S alarm and combustible
gas alarm
- 防止高温介质烫伤事故

- Prevent scald accidents by high temperature mediums.
6. 环境保护
Environmental protection
[ P ]- 防止酸性气分液罐超压，造成 H2S 泄漏
[P]- prevent sour gas knockout drum from overpressure which may cause H2S
leakage
[ P ]- 防止系统压力过高冲破硫封，液硫池冒 H2S、SO2 等有毒气体污

染环境
[P]- prevent environmental pollution due to broken sulfur seal, overflow of H2S,
SO2 and other toxic gas from liquid sulfur tank caused by too high system
pressure
7. 处理结束
Handling completion
[ M ] - 联系调度尽快恢复供风
[M]- contact scheduler to resume air supply as soon as possible
[ M ] - 联系保运对净化风罐入口过滤器进行检查拆清。
[M]- contact maintenance teamto inspect, disassemble and clean inlet filter of
purified air tank.
[ M ] - 恢复供风后，若炉温仍大于 900℃，按热启动步骤恢复生产
[M]- in case furnace temperature is still above 900°C after resuming air supply,
resume production by hot startup steps
退守状态：
Retreat state
长时间停风，硫磺回收装置进入紧急停工状态，所有进料切断，酸性气放
火炬。
In case air supply is stopped for a long time, put sulfure recovery unit (SRU) in
emergency shutdown state, cut off all the feed, and discharge sour gas to flare.
(二) 装置硫炉风机312-K01AB跳停事故处理
(II) Accident Handling Plan for Trippingfor sulfur production furnace blower 312-K01AB
事故现象：
DCS画面312-F01风量低限报警
312-F01 alarm of lower limit of air volume on DCS screen
312-FIC-007A、312-FIC-007B流量指示回零
Flow indication of 312- FIC007A and 312- FIC007B is back to zero
运转风机DCS回讯信号由绿变红
DCS response signal indicator of blower in service turns from green to red
制硫炉312-F01联锁停车启动
Sulfur production furnace 312-F01 is tripped and shut down
事故确认：
现场运转风机停
On site running blower is out of service and;
反应炉312- F01停工联锁启动
Reaction furnace 312- F01 is tripped and shut down
事故处理：
Accident handling:
初期险情控制
[ M ] - 立即向调度汇报
[M]- Report to the scheduler immediately.
[ M ] - 联系保运人员到位
[M]- inform maintenance personnel to be in position
[ M ] - 酸性气放火炬并汇报调度
[M]- discharge sour gas to flare and report toschedulers
2. 工艺处置
Process handling
[P]- 关闭风机 312-K01 出口阀

[P]- close outlet valve of blower 312-K01
[P]- 关闭酸性气入炉调节阀阀
[P]- close control valve which leads sour gas into furnace
[P]- 尾气加热器入口补少量氮气，防止尾气加热器干烧
[P]- supply a little nitrogen to the inlet of tail gas heater to prevent tail gas
heater from combustion without water
[P]- 启动制硫炉鼓风机备用风机
[P]- startup standby blower of sulfur production furnace
[ M ] - 调整操作至正常
[M]- adjust operation to normal state
3. 设备处置
Equipment handling
[P]- 联系保运检查制硫鼓风机跳停原因
[P]- inform maintenance team to find out causes of tripping of sulfur
production furnace blower
5. 个体防护
Personal protection

带便携式硫化氢报警仪
- on- site personnel shall wear anti- static work cloths, protective gloves,
gas mask, safety helmet, and bring portable H2S alarm
6. 环境保护
[ P ]- 尽快恢复供气避免酸性气防火炬造成环境污染
[P]- resume gas supply as soon as possible and discharge sour gas to flare to
avoid environmental pollution
[ P ]- 防止系统压力过高冲破硫封，造成液硫池冒 H2S、SO2 等有毒气

体污染环境
[P]- prevent environmental pollution due to broken sulfur seal, overflow of H2S,
SO2 and other toxic gas from liquid sulfur tank caused by too high system
pressure
退守状态：
Retreat state
制硫系统紧急停工，酸性气放火炬
Perform emergency shutdown for sulfur production system, and discharge sour
gas to flare
若短时间风机启动恢复，炉温仍大于900℃，则按热启动进行恢复生产（见
开工规程）
In case furnace temperature is still above 900°C after blower re- started in a
short time, resume production according to hot startup procedure (refer to startup
procedure)
若长时间不能启动风机，硫磺回收装置则进入全面停工状态（见停工规程）
In case of failure to start up blower in a long time, shut down sulfur recovery unit
completely (refer to shutdown procedure)
(三) 装置硫化氢泄漏事故处理
Accident Handling Plan for H2S leakage of the unit
事故现象：
当所在区域硫化氢浓度达到报警值时，固定式硫化氢报警仪立即发出声光
报警。与此同时，报警信号也会传至操作室内的气体监控系统
In case H2S concentration in the area reaches alarm value, fixed H2S alarm will
send audible and visual alarm immediately.Meanwhile, alarm signals will be
transmitted to the gas monitoring system in the operation room.
泄漏点下风向有很浓的臭鸡蛋臭味
There will be dense odor of rotten eggs in downwind direction of leakage point
事故确认：
报警信号会传至操作室内的气体监控系统，岗位人员对照监控系统画面中的报警点即
可知道硫化氢泄露区域Alarm signal will be transmitted to gas monitoring system in
operation room, and on- duty personnel can find out H2S leakage area through
alarm points on monitoring system screen.
事故处理：
Accident handling:
初期险情控制
[P]- 按照规范要求佩戴完毕空气呼吸器后，前往装置现场泄露区域，
若发现有中毒人员，应立即将其抬至上风向
[P]- go to leakage area in the unit on site after wearing air respirator by
specifications, and carry poisoned personnel (if any) to upwind direction.
[ M ] - 立即拨打调度中心电话和急救站电话，说清泄露介质、地点和中
毒人员情况，并同时向部门应急领导小组进行汇报。
[M]- Call the scheduling center and the first- aid station at once, clearly
describe the medium and address of leakage and the conditions of
poisoned persons, and report the leakage to the emergency response
leadership group of the current department.
[P]- 马上对中毒人员进行胸外挤压心肺复苏，另派一人到装置路口迎
接救护车的到来。
[P]- Carry out external chest compression and cardio- pulmonary resuscitation
for the poisoned persons at once, and send another person to receive the
ambulance at the unit crossing.
[P]- 对泄露区域拉警戒线，并继续在装置区搜索其他可能中毒人员
[P]- Set warning lines around the leakage zone and continue to search other
possibly poisoned persons in the unit area.
提示卡：禁止进行口对口式人工呼吸
Cue Card：Forbid mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration.
2. 工艺处置
Process handling
根据工艺要求，对泄漏源进行切断，并将装置退守至安全状态。根据装置硫化
氢泄漏源的不同情况，需做以下工艺切断和操作调整：
Cut off leakage source according to process requirements, and put the unit in retreat
state.Perform the following process cutting and operation adjustment according to
different H2S leakage conditions of the unit:
(1) 若是制硫反应炉炉头酸性气系统管线发生泄漏:
(1) In case of leakage of sour gas system pipeline at the head of sulfur production
reaction furnace:
[I]- 按下制硫反应炉紧急停车按钮，将炉头酸性气改放火炬，硫磺回
收装置闷炉处理。
[I]- press emergency shutdown button of sulfur production reaction furnace,
discharge sour gas at furnace head to flare, and damp down sulfur
recovery unit.
[P]- 对尾气加热器通氮气进行保护
[P]- charging nitrogen to protect tail gas heater
(2) 若是硫磺回收酸性气分液罐发生泄漏
(2) Accident Handling Plan for leakage of sour gas knockout drum of sulfur recovery
unit
[P]- 关闭酸性气进分液罐手阀，停止向硫磺回收供酸性气
[P]- close the valve which leads sour gas into knockout drum to stop supply of
sour gas to sulfur recovery unit
[I]- 按下制硫反应炉紧急停车按钮，硫磺回收装置闷炉处理。
[I]- press emergency shutdown button of sulfur production reaction furnace,
and damp down sulfur recovery unit.
3. 设备处置
Equipment handling
[P]- 确定泄漏具体位置并汇报
[P]- Confirm and report the specific leakage location.
[ M ] - 按制定好的处理措施，办理作业许可，联系保运人员佩戴空气呼
吸器对泄露部位进行抢修
[P]- Handle with the operation license according to the prepared treatment
measures, and contact system operator to wear air respirator and to carry
out emergency repair of the leakage parts.
[P]- 组织无关人员沿上风向撤离现场
[P]- organize irrelevant personnel to leave site in upwind direction
[P]- 对泄露区域拉警戒线，并继续在装置区搜索其他可能中毒人员
[P]- Set warning lines around the leakage zone and continue to search other
possibly poisoned persons in the unit area.
[P]- 对装置周边路口拉警戒线，禁止无关车辆人员进入
[P]- set warning line at intersections around the unit to prohibit the access of
irrelevant vehicle and personnel
5. 个体防护
Personal protection
[ P ]- 必须佩戴好空气呼吸器进行检查及处理有关事项
[P]- Be sure to wear air respirator before inspecting and handling relevant
items and matters.
[ P ]- 携带 H2S 报警仪
[P]- Be sure to carry a H2S alarm device.
6. 环境保护
[P]- 若泄漏较大，报告调度联系下风向各装置人员注意防护或疏散
[P]- in case of serious leakage, report to scheduler and contact to unit
operators in downwind direction to notice protection or evacuation
[P]- 用消防蒸汽稀释硫化氢浓度
[P]- dilute H2S concentration with fire steam
7. 处理结束
Handling completion
[ M ] - 待抢修完毕后，将装置恢复至正常状态
[M]- resume the unit to normal state after emergency repair
[ M ] - 应及时开展对硫化氢泄漏事故中伤亡员工的救治及其他善后处理
工作，制定详细可行的工作计划，快速、有效地消除硫化氢泄漏
事故造成的不利影响，尽快恢复工作、生产秩序
[M]- carry out medical treatment and other aftermath work for casualties in
H2S leakage accident in time, and prepare detailed work plan to eliminate
adverse influence of H2S leakage accident quickly and effectively, and
resume work and production as soon as possible.
[ M ]- 根据事件处理过程中暴露出的有关问题，向部门应急领导小组提
出整改措施，修改完善本预案
[M]- propose rectification actions to emergency leading group of the
department according to related issues detected during incident handling,
and amend and improve the plan
退守状态：
Retreat state
若引起联锁动作，所有进料切断，酸性气放火炬
In case action is triggered,cut off all the feed, and discharge sour gas to flare
泄漏点过大且无法控制，全装置全部停工，全体人员撒离至安全位置，现场
交由专业人员接管
In case leakage point is too large and out of control, shut down all the units,
evacuate all the personnel to a safe place, and hand over leakage to professional
personnel on site
(四) 装置氢气中断事故处理
(IV) Accident Handling Plan for hydrogen interruption
事故现象：
氢气进装置的压力和流量回零
Pressure and flow of hydrogen feed unit are back to zero
加氢反应器床层温度有下降趋势
Bed temperature of hydrogenation reactor is in downtrend
312-C01出口氢在线分析仪312-AV002氢含量有下降趋势
Hydrogen content shown in online hydrogen analyzer 312-AV002 at 312-C01 outlet
is in downtrend
烟囱尾气SO2排放逐渐增大，有可能会超标
SO2 emission volume in tail gas from chimney increases gradually, and is likely to
exceed standard
事故确认：
DCS画面氢气流量指示312- FIQ015回零
Hydrogen flow indication 312- FIQ015 on DCS screen is back to zero
事故处理：
Accident handling:
初期险情控制
[I]- 若系统属短时间氢气中断，则适当降低反应炉配风，保证 H2S/SO2

在线分析仪（6︰1），尾气加氢系统正常运行
[I]- in case the system is under hydrogen interruption for a short time,
decrease air supply to reaction furnace properly to keep H2S/SO2 online
analyzer (6:1) and tail gas hydrogenation system in normal operation
2. 工艺处置
Process handling
[ M ] - 联系调度恢复供氢
[M]- inform scheduler to resume hydrogen supply
[ M ] - 立即向装置领导汇报
[M]- report to unit leaders promptly
[I]- 关闭 312-AIC1004
[I]- close 312-AIC1004
[I]- 打开 312-HV003BC
[I]- open 312-HV003BC
[I]- 关闭 312-HV003A
[I]- close 312-HV003A
[P]- 打开 312-E07 入口氮气阀对尾气加热器进行保护

[P]- open 312-E07 inlet hydrogen valve to protect tail gas heater
[I]- 按正常配风调整反应炉操作
[I]- adjust operation of reaction furnace by normal air distribution
[I]- 调整焚烧炉温度在正常指标范围内
[I]- keep incinerator temperature in normal indicator range
[P]- 检查急冷水的水质，发现带硫磺时加强置换水直至水变干净
[P]- inspect the quality of quench water, and strengthen water replacement
till water becomes clean after detection of sulfur
3. 设备处置
Equipment handling
[ P ]- 联系保运对界区内相关氢气阀门、仪表进行检查
[P]- inform maintenance team to inspect related hydrogen valves and
instruments in battery limit
5. 个体防护
Personal protection

6. 环境保护
[I]- 调整好配风，提高制硫部分硫回收率，尽量降低烟囱外排硫化物
[I]- adjust air distribution properly to improve sulfur recovery rate in sulfur
production, and minimize the amount of sulfide emitted from the chimney
7. 处理结束
Handling completion
[ M ] - 加紧联系调度对造成中断原因排查及处理，及早恢复氢气供应
[M]- strengthen contact withschedulers for troubleshoting and handling of the
interruption, thus to resume hydrogen supply as soon as possible
[ M ] - 供氢气正常后，立即组织人员按操作规程把尾气加氢系统并入，
转入正常生产
[M]- after normal hydrogen supply, organize personnel to connect tail gas
hydrogenation system and turn to normal production
退守状态：
Retreat state
若系统长时间氢气中断，尾气加氢系统切出，尾气加热器通氮气保护
In case of long-term hydrogen interruption of the system, cut off tail gas
hydrogenation system, and charge nigrogen to protect tail gas heater
(五) 装置液硫罐312-V07着火事故处理
Accident Handling Plan for fire accident of liquid sulfur tank V07 in the unit
事故现象：
液硫罐312-V07气相温度312-TE043AB急速上升
Gas-phase temperature 312-TE043AB of liquid sulfur tank 312-V07 rises sharply
液硫罐顶冒有刺鼻气味的烟气
There is smoke with pungent odor at the top of liquid sulfur tank
事故确认：
内操发现312-TE-043A/B高报。
Board operators detects high alarm 312- TE-043A/B.
现场发现液硫池罐312-V07冒烟，有刺鼻性气味。
Smoke with pungent odor is detected at liquid sulfur tank 312-V07 on site.
事故处理：
Accident handling:
初期险情控制
[P]- 佩戴好空气呼吸器，使用消防蒸汽灭火
[P]- wear air respirator and extinguish fire with fire steam
[P]- 清退并警戒装置非生产相关人员禁入
[P]- cancel the alarm, start up alarm unit and prohibit the access of personnel
irrelevant with production
2. 工艺处置
Process handling
[P]- 打开消防蒸汽、氮气手阀
[P]- open fire steam and nitrogen valves
[I]- 观察液硫罐 312-V07 温度变化

[I]- observe temperature change of liquid sulfur tank 312-V07
[I]- 控制好系统压力防止压力超高
[I]- put system pressure under control to prevent too high pressure
[I]- 312-TE-043A/B 温度下降

[I]- reduce temperature of 312-TE-043A/B
[P]- 确认液硫池火灾消除
[P]- confirm that fire accident of liquid sulfur tank is eliminated
[P]- 关闭消防蒸汽、氮气手阀
[P]- close fire steam and nigrogen valves
[ M ] — 立即向调度汇报着火情况
[M]- report fire behavior to schedulers immediately
3. 设备处置
Equipment handling
[ P ]- 按下所有 312-P04A /B、312-P03A /B 的”停止”按钮

[P]- press all the “Stop” buttons of 312-P04A /B and 312-P03A /B
[ P ]- 关闭各原运行泵的出口阀
[P]- close outlet valves of original pumps in service
[ P ]- 联系电工检查处理
[P]- inform electricians to perform inspection and handling
[P]- 组织无关人员沿上风向撤离现场
[P]- organize irrelevant personnel to leave site in upwind direction
5. 个体防护
Personal protection

6. 环境保护
[P]- 使用蒸气或氮气及时灭火，以免由于停工造成的环境污染
[P]- extinguish fire in time with steam or nitrogen to prevent environmental
pollution caused by shutdown
7. 处理结束
Handling completion
[ M ] —液硫罐 312-V07 熄火后，组织人员查找着火原因并采取防范措施

[M]- after fire accident of liquid sulfur tank 312-V07 is extinguished, organize
personnel to find out causes and take preventive actions
退守状态：
Retreat state
若火势过大无法熄火，及时报火警，交消防人员处理，312装置作紧急停
工处理，人员撒离至安全地点
In case of failure to extinguish fire due to too big fire, send fire alarm in time and
hand over the accident to firemen, perform emergency shutdown for 312 unit, and
exacuate personnel to a safe place
8 操作规定
OPERATING PROVISIONS
注：本章节为基本操作规定要求，具体情况以NRL的相关规定为准。
Note：This chapter is a general operating provisions, and NRL’s provisions should be
subjected.
8.1 定期工作规定
Provisions of Regular Work
8.1.1 工艺定期工作：
Regular Work of Process:
每月按表(JCB- 312-001)对硫磺回收装置现场液位计进行全面检查1次；
Perform overall inspection for on- site level gauge of sulfur recovery unit by Table
JCB- 312- 001 once a month;
● 每三个月对装置现场温度计、压力表全面检查1次，方法见”现场温度计，
压力表定期检查规定”；
Carry out a comprehensive inspection on site for thermometers and pressure
gauges every three months (refer to “Regular Check Rules of On- site
Thermometer and Pressure Gauge” for the method).
● 每三个月按表(JCB- 312-002)对装置联锁全面检查1次；
Perform overall inspection for unit interlocking by Table JCB-312-002 once every
three months;
8.1.2 设备定期工作：
Regular Work of Equipment:
● 每月对硫磺回收装置全面检查1次，详见表JCB- 312-003、JCB-312-004；
Perform overall inspection for sulfur recovery device once a month; refer to Tables
JCB-312-003 and JCB-312-004 for details;
● 关键设备定期工作（见关键设备定期工作规定）
Regular work of key equipment (see provisions about regular work of key
equipment)
● 润滑油定期工作（见润滑油定期工作规定）
Regular work of lubricating oil (see Regular Work of Lubricating Oil Provision)
8.1.3 安全环保定期工作：
Regular Work of Safety and Environmental Protection:
● 每周进行一次安全活动：包括安全学习、安全教育、事故预案演习、安全
技能培训等
Perform safety activities once a week: including safety study, safety education, drill
of emergency plan, and training on safety skills
● 每月进行一次灭火器检查。（见表JCB- 312-005）
Monthly inspection of fire extinguisher. (Refer to Table JCB- 312- 005)
● 每月进行一次消防栓检查。（见表JCB- 312-006）
Monthly inspection of fire hydrant. (Refer to Table JCB- 312- 006)
● 每月进行一次消防蒸汽检查。（见表JCB- 312-007）
Monthly inspection of fire steam. (Refer to Table JCB- 312- 007)
● 每月进行一次火灾报警仪检查。（见表JCB-312-008）
Monthly inspection of fire alarming device. (Refer to Table JCB- 312- 008)
● 每月进行一次服务站检查。（见表JCB- 312-009）
Monthly inspection of utility station. (Refer to Table JCB- 312- 009)
● 每月进行一次气防设施、防火隔热服检查。（见表JCB- 312-010）
Monthly inspection of gas protection facility and fireproof heat insulation suit. (Refer
to Table JCB- 312- 010)
● 每两月进行一次含油污水检查。（见表JCB-312- 011）
Inspection of oily wastewater once every two months. (Refer to Table
JCB-312-011)
附操作规定如下：
Operation provisions:
现场温度计、压力表定期检查规定
The regular on- site inspection regulation for thermometers and pressure gauges.
1）每三个月对硫磺回收装置现场所有的温度计、压力表进行1次全面检查
Perform overall inspection for all the on- site thermometers and pressure gauges
of sulfur recovery unit once every three months
2）检查温度计、压力表是否有破损，是否被腐蚀
Inspect whether there are damage and corrosion in thermometers and pressure
gauges.
3）检查压力表是否有泄漏
Inspect whether there are leakages in pressure gauges.
4）检查温度计、压力表的最大量程是否为工作压力的1.5～3.0倍，最好在2
倍
Inspect whether the maximum range of thermometers and pressure gauges is 1.5
~ 3.0 times of operating range which is better at 2 times.
5）检查温度计、压力表的指针是否能回到”0”位
Inspect that whether the pointers of thermometers and pressure gauges can return
to the position of “0”.
6）检查温度计、压力表的指针是否在量程范围内
Inspect that whether the pointers of thermometers and pressure gauges are within
the measuring range.
7）每次检查都要做好记录，并更换坏表
Record carefully at every inspecting time and replace the bad gauges.
关键设备定期工作规定
Provisions of Regular Work of Essential Equipment
1﹞ 机泵功率大于250KW的机泵每2个月切换一次。功率小于250KW的机泵
2～3个月切换一次。
Switch pumps once with power more than 250KW every 2 months. Switch
pumps with power less than 250KW every 2- 3 months
2﹞ 检查312- F01及312- F02的运行情况。炉子的安全设施是否完好，炉子

的炉壁温度是否超温。空气预热系统中各蝶阀开关是否灵活。
Inspect operating conditions of 312- F01 and 312- F02. Intactness of safety
facilities of furnace; if the temperature of furnace wall is overheating; if butterfly
valves of air preheating system are flexible.
润滑油定期工作规定
Provisions of Regular Work of Lube Oil
1﹞ 每月10日装置里各机泵稀油站润滑油采样分析；
On the 10th of every month Sampling and analyzing the lube oil of dilute oil
station of pumps inside units;
2﹞ 每月10日组织讨论、分析出现的润滑问题，制定解决方法。
On the 10th of every month organizing discussion and analysis of lubrication
problems, and working out solutions.
表8-1硫磺回收装置定期工作检查表(JCB-312-001)
Table 8-1 Inspection Table of Regular Work for Sulfur Recovery Unit (JCB-312-001)
被检查单位：检查人签名：
Inspected unit:Signature of inspector:
检查日期年月日
Inspection date(MM/DD/YYYY)
名称现场
DCS
Description Field
读数/液位计
序号读数/液位计是否检查人备注
是否畅通
S/N 位号位号畅通 Inspector Remarks
value/level
Tag No. Tag No. value/level meter
meter is
is normal
normal
清洁酸性气分液罐 V01 液位
1 Level of clean sour gas
knockout drum V01
含氨酸性气分液罐 V02 液位
2 Level of ammonia-bearing
sour gas knockout drum
V02
312- E01 废锅液位
3 Level of 312- E01 waste
heat boiler
一、二、三级冷凝冷却器
312-E02/03/04 液位
4
1st, 2nd, 3rd condensate
cooler 312-E02/03/04
蒸汽发生器 312-E06 液位
5 Level of steam generator
312- E06
急冷塔 C01 液位
6 Level of quench column
C01
吸收塔 C02 液位
7 Level of absorption column
C02
瓦斯罐 V11 液位
8
Level of gas tank V11
表8-2 装置联锁全面检查表(JCB-312-002)
Table 8-2 overall inspection table for unit interlocking (jcb-312-002)
Inspected unit: Signature of inspector:
现场
DCS
Field
序号名称检查人备注
连锁状态连锁状态
S/N Description 位号位号 Inspector Remarks
Interlocking Interlocking
Tag No. Tag No.
State State
氮气吹扫酸性气去火炬联锁
1 Triggering discharge of sour gas to
flare by nitrogen purge
K01A/B 停机联锁
2
Triggering shutdown of K01A/B
K02A/B 停机联锁
3
Triggering shutdown of K02A/B
4 主风联锁
现场
DCS
Field
序号名称检查人备注
连锁状态连锁状态
S/N Description 位号位号 Inspector Remarks
Interlocking Interlocking
Tag No. Tag No.
State State
Triggering main air supply
含氨酸性气联锁
5 Triggering supply of ammonia-
bearing sour gas
清洁酸性气联锁
6
Triggering supply of clean sour gas
酸性气吹扫氮气联锁
7 Triggering supply of purge nitrogen by
sour gas
F01 燃料气联锁
8
Triggering supply of fuel gas to F01
F01 主火嘴燃料气联锁
9 Triggering supply of fuel gas to main
burner of F01
F01 点火净化风联锁
10 Triggering supply of purified air for F01
ignition
F02 氮气吹扫联锁
11
Triggering nitrogen purge for F02
F02 点火净化风联锁
12 Triggering supply of purified air for F02
ignition
F02 点火燃料气联锁
13 Triggering supply of fuel gas for F02
ignition
F02 主火嘴燃料气联锁
14 Triggering supply of fuel gas to main
burner of F02
F02 主空气联锁
15
Triggering main air supply to F02
表8-3 急冷塔（312-C01）检查表(JCB-312-003)
Table 8-3 inspection table (jcb-312-003) for quench column (312-c01)
检查部位检查情况
序号检查内容检查人检查时间
Inspection Inspection
S/N Contents of Check Inspector Inspection time
parts result
塔底及下部开 1、液位计开孔口畅通，无杂物 1
孔 (汽提蒸汽入 1. Level instrument nozzles 2
口)以下 not plugged and free of
The amine debris.
regenerator 2、人字挡板焊接牢固，固定支
1 bottom and the 架连接牢固，紧固件齐全
lower parts 2. Y-shaped baffles 3
nozzles are welded tightly, fixed
( stripping supports are connected
steam inlet tightly and fasteners are
nozzle) complete.
检查部位检查情况
序号检查内容检查人检查时间
S/N Contents of Check Inspector Inspection time
parts result
3、各开孔位置正确焊缝饱满无
裂痕无气孔
3. All nozzle weld joints are in
sound condition and free of
cracks and blow holes.
1、人孔螺栓，螺母及垫片
1. Manhole bolts, nuts and
gaskets
2、压力表口
2. Pressure gauge nozzle
1
中段开孔 3、热电偶口
2 The middle 3. Thermocouple nozzle
parts nozzles 4、各抽出法兰及返塔法兰
4. Flange of each fluid out
and return nozzles
2
1) 3
4
1、焊接牢固，接缝处焊接符合 1
设计要求 2
1. Welded tightly and 3
the weld of the joints meets 4
the design requirements. 5
2、各开孔位置正确焊缝饱满无 6
裂痕无气孔 7
2. All nozzle weld joints are in
sound condition and free of
上部及塔顶开 cracks and blow holes.
孔 3、人孔螺栓，螺母及垫片
3 The upper and 3. Manhole bolts, nuts and
top parts gaskets
nozzles 4、压力表口
4. Pressure gauge nozzle
5、热电偶口
5. Thermocouple nozzle
6、各抽出法兰及返塔法兰
6. Flange of each fluid out
and return nozzles
7、塔顶安全阀
7. The overhead pressure
relief valve
1、外铝皮的接口严密性
塔体保温
Joint tightness of exterior
Amine aluminum sheet
4 regenerator 1
2、伸出件周围无缝隙
Insulation
2. There are no clearance
检查
around proprotruding parts
Inspection
1. 1、 2
表8-4 吸收塔（312-C02）检查表(JCB-312-004)
Table 8-4 inspection table (jcb-312-004) for absorption column (312-c02)
检查部位检查时间
序号检查内容检查情况检查人
S/N Contents of Check Inspection result Inspector
parts time
1、液位计开孔口畅通，无杂物 1
塔底及下部开 Level gauge opening is unblocked and 2
孔 (汽提蒸汽 free of sundries
入口)以下 2、人字挡板焊接牢固，固定支架连接牢
The amine 固，紧固件齐全
regenerator Reversed- V damper is welded firmly,
1 bottom and and connected with fixed support
the lower firmly, and fasteners are complete 3
parts nozzles 3、各开孔位置正确焊缝饱满无裂痕无气
( stripping 孔
steam inlet Openings are in correct
nozzle) position, welds are full and free of
crack and blister
1、人孔螺栓，螺母及垫片 1
bolts, nuts and washers of access 2
hole 3
2、压力表口
中段开孔
Pressure gauge opening
2 The middle
3、热电偶口
parts nozzles
Thermal coupling opening 4
Each is taken out flanges and return
flanges
1、焊接牢固，接缝处焊接符合设计要求 1
Firm welding, and joint welding 2
meets design requirements 3
2、各开孔位置正确焊缝饱满无裂痕无气 4
孔 5
Openings are in correct 6
position, welds are full and free of 7
crack and blister
上部及塔顶开
3、人孔螺栓，螺母及垫片
孔
bolts, nuts and washers of access
3 The upper hole
and top parts 4、压力表口
nozzles
Pressure gauge opening
5、热电偶口
Thermal coupling opening
Each is taken out flanges and return
flanges
7、塔顶安全阀
Pressure relief valve at column top
塔体保温 1、外铝皮的接口严密性 1
Amine Joint tightness of exterior aluminum
regenerator sheet
4
Insulation 2、伸出件周围无缝隙 2
检查 No clearance around proprotruding
Inspection parts
表8-5 灭火器检查表（JCB- 312- 005）
Table 8-5 Inspection Table for Fire Extinguisher (JCB- 312- 005)
检查
序号项目检查要点及标准 Inspection 整改情况
S/N Item Key Points and Standards for Inspection 结果 Rectifications
Result:
1. 灭火器铅封、保险销是否完好
Check if the car seal and the safety pin of the fire
extinguisher are intact
2. 灭火器喷射软管是否完好，有无老化破裂
Check if the injection hose of the fire extinguisher is intact
and if it is aged or cracked
3. 灭火器使用期限是否超期
Check if the fire extinguisher has expired
4. 灭火器是否被任意移动或挪作它用
Check if the fire extinguisher has been moved or used for
灭火器 other purposes at will
1
Fire Extinguisher 5. 灭火器周围是否堆放了杂物，应保持灭火器随时可以取用的
良好状态
Check if any sundries have been piled up around the fire
extinguisher. Be sure to keep the fire extinguisher in a
good state, so that it can be used at any time.
6. 灭火器要保持清洁，无灰尘、无锈蚀，胶管无断裂，严禁碰
撞，防止雨淋和阳光曝晒。
Be sure to keep the fire extinguisher clean and free of dust,
rust corrosion and fracture of rubber hose. Avoid collision
of the fire extinguisher and prevent its exposure to rain and
sunshine.
表8-6 消防栓检查表（JCB-312-006 ）
Table 8-6 inspection table for fire hydrant (jcb-312-006)
检查
整改情况
序号项目检查要点及标准 Inspection
Rectifications
S/N Item Key Points and Standards for Inspection 结果
Result:
1. 消防栓有编号；阀门开启灵活，阀杆上有黄油；出水口橡胶密封
圈、闷盖完好，无滴漏现象。
Make sure that the fire hydrant has a serial number, the valve
opens flexibly; there is grease on the valve stem, and the rubber
seal ring and the cover at water outlet are intact and free
of weeping and leakage.
2. 室内消火栓箱内是否保持清洁、干燥，防止锈蚀、碰伤或其它损
消防栓
1 坏。
Fire hydrant
Check if the inside of the indoor fire hydrant box is clean and dry
and prevent the fire hydrant from rust corrosion, bruise or other
damage.
3. 消火栓箱及箱内装配的部件外观无破损、涂层无脱落，箱门玻璃
完好无缺。
Make sure that both the fire hydrant box and the fitting parts in
the box have no damage in appearance and no peeling of coat
检查
整改情况
序号项目检查要点及标准 Inspection
Rectifications
S/N Item Key Points and Standards for Inspection 结果
Result:
and that the box door glass is intact.
4. 消火栓、供水阀门及消防卷盘等所有转动部位有无润滑油。
Make sure that all rotating parts, such as fire hydrant, water
supply valve and hose reel, have lube oil.
表8-7 消防蒸汽检查表：（JCB-312-007）
Table 8-7 inspection form for fire steam: (jcb-312-007)
检查结果
序号项目检查要点及标准整改情况
Inspection
S/N Item Key Points and Standards for Inspection Rectifications
Results
1、蒸汽灭火系统的输气管道是否保持良好，是否充满蒸汽。蒸汽胶带长度是
否适中。
Whether gas transmission pipelines of steam fire extinguishing system
are kept in a good state and filled with steam.Whether the length of
steam tape is appropriate or not.
2、排除冷凝水设施工作正常，管内不积存冷凝水。
Check if the condensed water removal facility works normally and make
消防 sure that no condensed water accumulates in the pipeline.
Fire 3、保温设施、补偿设施、支座等保持良好，无损坏。
1 fighting Make sure that the heat insulation facility, compensation facility and
蒸汽 support are in good conditions and free of damage.
steam 4、管线上阀门灵活好用，不滴漏。
Make sure that the all valves on the pipeline work flexibly and are free
of weeping and leakage.
5、短管上胶带连接可靠，完好整洁，无老化、开裂。
Make sure that the hose connecting the stub pipe is reliable, intact, neat
and free of aging and cracking.
6、筛孔管畅通，配气管整洁卫生。
Sieve pipe is unblocked, and gas distribution pipe is clean and tidy.
表8-8 火灾报警仪检查表（JCB-312-008）
Table 8-8 inspection table for fire alarm (jcb-312-008)
检查
Result:
火灾报警 1、报警系统各部件要感应灵敏，发生问题能及时报警。
仪 All parts of the alarming system shall be sensitive and the system
1 Fire shall send an alarm in time if any problem occurs.
alarming 2、报警系统要专人负责，并有完整的系统运行记录可供查阅。
device A specially-assigned person shall be responsible for the alarm
检查
Result:
system and complete system running records shall be kept for
review.
3、报警系统不能随意拆动，如发生问题应及时报告上级管理部门，由提
供设备的厂家专业技术人员负责检修。
It is not allowed to move alarm system at will; when problems are
founded, report to superior management department in time for
maintenance by professional technicians of equipment
manufacturer.
4、定期检验手续是否完备
Check if the regular inspection procedures are complete.
5、手动报警按钮为火灾报警专设，严禁乱动。报警按钮周围不得堆放杂
物，应保持清洁卫生、外观完好
Random operation of the manual alarm button is prohibited
because it is specially provided for fire alarm. No sundries shall be
piled up around the alarm button. Be sure to keep the alarm button
clean and good in appearance.
表8-9 公用工程站检查表（JCB-312-009）
Table 8-9 inspection table for utility work station (jcb-312-009)
检查
Result:
1、各服务点管道应保持良好，且应充满介质。
All utility station pipelines shall be kept in good conditions and full
of medium.
2、保温设施、补偿设施、支座等应保持良好，无损坏。
The heat insulation facility, compensation facility and support shall
be kept in good conditions and free of damage.
公用工程
3、管线上阀门应灵活好用，不漏气。
1 站
All valves on the pipeline shall work flexibly and are free of gas
Utilities
leakage.
4、短管上胶带连接可靠，完好整洁。
The hose connecting the stub pipe shall be reliable, intact and
neat.
服务站各管线标识清晰完整
All pipeline tags at each utility station shall be clear and intact.
表8-10 气防设施、防火隔热服检查表（JCB-312-010）
Table 8-10 inspection table for gas prevention facilities and fire-and-heat-proof clothes
(jcb-312-010)
序检查结果
项目检查要点及标准整改情况
号 Inspection
Item Key Points and Standards for Inspection Rectifications
S/N Results
气瓶完好，全面罩密封完好，无发黄、硬化；镜片完好，清洁、干净
无油污。
The air cylinder shall be intact and the seal for full face mask shall be
intact, without yellowing and hardening. The eyeglasses shall be
正压式空气呼吸
intact, clean and free of greasy dirt.
器
气瓶压力不低于 200bar。气瓶外部无明显划痕。
Positive-pressure
Cylinder pressure is not lower than 200bar.There are no obvious
type air respirator
scratches outside of the cylinder.
各连接部位的配件齐全，连接紧密、无漏气
The fittings at all connecting parts shall be complete, in tight
connection and free of gas leakage.
罩体橡皮表面无发黄、硬化、无油污、砂眼、裂纹，拉伸放松后能迅
速复原，牢固，导管无堵塞，金属部分无变型，生锈、裂纹，镜片无
1 破碎、透明好。
The rubber surface of the hood shall be free of yellowing, hardening,
greasy dirt, blisters and cracks and shall recover quickly after
stretching relaxation and be secure. The air guide tube shall not be
blocked. The metal part shall be free of deformation, rust corrosion
长管式呼吸器 and cracks. The eyeglasses shall not be broken and shall be highly
Long-tube transparent.
respirator 导气管无孔洞、裂纹、拉伸后能复原、螺纹无生锈、变形、橡皮垫圈
完好，连接紧密。
The air guide tube shall have no holes and cracks and shall recover
after stretching. All screw threads shall have no rust corrosion and
deformation. The rubber washer shall be intact and tightly
connected.
存放处便于取用。
The respirator shall be kept at a place that is easy for use.
班组配发的便携式安全检测报警器进行交接，保证好用。
便携式安全检测
Hand over portable safety testing alarm allocated for shifts and
报警 ensure the alarm to be in a good state
2 Portable safety
班组在使用时要严格按照产品说明书使用。
detection & alarm
Each shift shall use the apparatus in strict accordance with the
apparatus
product specifications.
各防火隔热服是否完好，件数是否准确外观是否清洁、完好
防火隔热服
Whether fire-and-heat-proof clothes are intact and in correct
3 Fireproof heat
quantity, and whether the appearance of the clothes are clean and
insulation suit
intact
表8-11 含油污水检查表（JCB-312-011）
Table 8-11 inspection table for oily sewage (jcb-312-011)
检查结果
Inspection
Results
含油污水池的油水分层效果是否良好
Whether oil and water can be separated effectively in the
含油污水
1 oily wastewater pool
Oily wastewater
含油污水池的机泵运行状态是否正常
Whether the pump of oily wastewater pool is in normal condition
检查结果
Inspection
Results
含油污水池中排水含油量（≯100mg/L）
Oil content (≯100mg/L) in the oily wastewater pool
8.2 长期操作规定
Long-term Operating Provisions
8.2.1 工艺长期工作：
Long-term Work of Process
● 每天白班对发汽系统进行1次现场排污，方法见”发汽系统排污操作规定”；
Perform on-site blowdown for steam generation system once a day in day
shift, with method shown in “Operation Provisions for Blowdown for Steam
Generation System”;
● 每次装置巡检时检查燃料气缓冲罐（312- V11）的液位，有液时要进行
脱液，方法见”燃料气缓冲罐（312- V11）脱液操作规定”；
During each unit inspection, inspect level of fuel gas buffer tank (312- V11);
drain liquid when liquid exists, with method shown in “Operation Provisions for
Liquid Removal for Fuel Gas Buffer Tank (312- V11)”;
8.2.2 设备长期工作：
Long-term Work of Equipment:
● 每班进行一次关键设备检查，方法见”关键设备操作规定”；
Each shift carries out an inspection of essential equipment, and method refers to
operating provisions for essential equipment;
● 每班进行一次空冷风机检查，方法见”空冷风机操作规定”；
Each shift carries out an inspection of air cooling fan, and method refers to
operating provisions for air cooling fan;
● 每班进行一次普通泵检查，方法见”普通泵操作规定”。
Each shift carries out an inspection of conventional pump, and method refers to
operating provisions for conventional pump.
8.2.3 采样长期工作：
Long-Term Work for Sampling:
表8-12 取样表
Table 8-12 sampling table
序号取样地点分析项目分析次数备注
S/N Sampling point Analysis item Analysis times Remarks
1
2
8.2.4 安全环保长期工作：
Long-term Work of Safety and Environmental Protection
同（8.1.3安全环保定期工作）
Same as (8.1.3 Regular Work of Safety and Environmental Protection)
附操作规定如下：
Operation provisions:
发汽系统排污操作规定
Operation provisions for blowdown for steam generation system
1）制硫余热锅炉（312- E01）定期排污要求：每天白班排一次，每次排

放5分钟，每次排放时，定排阀开度为全开。排污情况记入交接班记录本
。
Requirements for intermittent blowdown for sulfur waste heat boiler
(312-E01):Perform blowdown for 5min once a day in day shift, and fully open
intermittent blowdown valve each time. Record blowdown conditions in shift
handover record book.
[P]- 全开现场定排手阀
[P]- fully open on-site intermittent blowdown valve
[I]- 控制好汽包液位
[I]- take good control of level of steam drum
[P]- 5 分钟后，关闭阀门
[P]- close valve 5min later
2）制硫余热锅炉（312- E01）连续排污要求：连续排污阀的开度约为
1/4，连续排放。
Requirements for continuous blowdown for sulfur waste heat boiler
(312-E01):Keep continuous blowdown valve in 1/4 opening degree for continuous
blowdown.
3）冷凝冷却器（312- E02～4）、蒸汽发生器（312- E06）定期排污要求：

每天白班排一次，每次排放5分钟，每次排放时，定排阀开度为全开。排
污情况记入交接班记录本。
Requirements for periodical blowdown for condensate cooler (312- E02~4) and
steam generator (312- E06): Perform blowdown for 5min once a day in day shift,
and fully open intermittent blowdown valve each time. Record blowdown conditions
in shift handover record book.
[P]- 全开现场定排手阀
[P]- fully open on-site intermittent blowdown valve
[I]- 控制好液位
[I]- take good control of level
[P]- 5 分钟后，关闭阀门
[P]- close valve 5min later
4）冷凝冷却器（312- E02～4）、蒸汽发生器（312- E06）连续排污要求：

连续排污阀的开度约为1/4，连续排放。
Requirements for continuous blowdown for condendate cooler (312- E02~4)
and steam generator (312- E06): Keep continuous blowdown valve in 1/4 opening
degree for continuous blowdown.
燃料气缓冲罐（312-V11）脱液操作规定
Operation provisions for liquid drainage for fuel gas buffer tank (312- V11)
1）每次巡检时检查312- V11液位
Inspect level of 312- V11 in each inspection
2）发现312- V11有液位，要立即进行脱液
Perform liquid drainage immediately upon detection of level of 312- V11
3）将凝液压进污油管网出装置，开脱液阀时要慢开
Pressurize condensate into discharge unit of slop oil pipe network, and open liquid
drainage valve slowly
4）每次要将312- V11内积液压空为止
Drain out the accumulated liquid in 312- V11.
关键设备操作规定
Operating Regulation of Essential Equipment
1）检查各塔底泵312-P01、312-P02的运行情况，如温度、压力、电流、振
动、声音是否良好，及机泵的冷却、润滑系统是否良好。
Inspect operation conditions of pumps 312-P01 and 312-P02 at column bottom,
such as temperature, pressure, current, vibration, sound, and pump cooling and
lubricating system.
2）检查制硫炉312-F01及焚烧炉312- F02的燃烧情况，如燃料燃烧是否充分
、火焰形状是否良好、火检系统是否指示正常、炉膛是否明亮、炉子的隔
热衬里是否有脱落、炉壁温度是否超温现象等等。
Inspect combustion conditions of sulfur production furnace 312-F01 and incinerator
312- F02, such as whether fuel is in complete combustion, whether flame has
good shape, whether flame detection system is normal, whether furnace is
bright, whether thermal- insulating lining of furnace falls off, and whether the
temperature of furnace wall is too high.
空冷风机操作规定
Operating Regulation of Air Cooling Fan
3）检查电机的接地线是否完好；
Check if the grounding wire of motor is intact.
4）检查叶片是否良好；
Check if all blades are in good condition;
5）检查皮带松紧程度，是否有脱落损坏现象；
Inspection of tightness degree of belt and if it has fallen off or broken down;
6）检查管束有无弯曲现象，管箱有无变形。
Check if the tube bundles are bent and if the tube box is deformed;
7）检查排污油线阀是否泄漏
check whether valves on slop oil drain pipeline is leakage.
普通泵操作规定
Operating Regulation of Conventional Pump
1）检查机泵的运行情况，如温度、压力、电流、振动、声音是否良好，及机
泵的冷却、润滑系统、氮封系统是否良好；
Inspect pump operation conditions, such as temperature, pressure, current,
vibration and sound, and cooling, lubricating systems and nitrogen seal system of
pump;
2）要求备用机泵每日9：00前盘车一次，轴转动540°，盘车人员为白班机泵
保运人员。
Standby pumps are required to barring once before 9:00am every day with axles
rotating 540° and barring staffs are required to be pump maintenance personnel on
day shift duty.
9 仪表控制系统操作法
INSTRUMENT CONTROL SYSTEM OPERATION METHOD
9.1 DCS 系统概述

Overview of DCS System
设计依据：可行性研究报告，三维提供的工艺包文件，设计统一规定。
Design basis: feasibility study report, process package of SUNWAY Company and
instrument design specification
本装置自动控制水平设计原则：采用先进、可靠、经济的仪表和控制技术，保
证装置长周期安全运行，尽量减少工艺操作人员和仪表维护人员。
Design principles for automatic control level of units: Adopt advanced, reliable and
economical instrument and control technologies to guarantee long-term and safe
operation of units and minimize the number of operators and maintenance personnel for
instrument.
根据硫回收装置的特点和安全生产要求，设置：控制系统DCS、安全联锁保护
系统SIS、机组监控系统MMS、火气监控系统F&GS。
According to features of sulfur recovery unit and requirements of safe production, DCS,
SIS, MMS and F&GS has been designed for this unit.
装置内主要过程变量均进入DCS，进行显示、调节、记录、报警。机泵的运行
状态进入DCS 进行显示，重要的机泵运行电气参数进行指示。通过DCS 实现
对生产装置的控制和操作，并为实现全厂计算机信息管理和生产调度建立基础
。
The main process variables in units are all sent to DCS for display, regulation, record
and alarm. Operating conditions of pumps are displayed in DCS as well as important
operating electric parameters of pumps. Production units are controlled and operated
by DCS, which provides basis for computer information management and production
scheduling of the whole plant.
该装置设一套安全仪表系统SIS，负责装置的联锁保护，保证装置生产安全。
The unit is equipped with a set of SIS, which is used for interlock protection of the unit to
guarantee safe production of the unit.
该装置设一套火气报警系统F&GS，用以监控全装置的火灾、可燃气体泄漏等
。
The unit is equipped with a set of F&GS, which is used to monitor fire, leakage of
combustible gas and other conditions of the whole unit.
9.2 主要工艺操作仪表逻辑控制说明及管道仪表流程图（P&ID）
Logic Control Description and Piping & Instrument Diagram (P&ID)
9.2.1 主要工艺操作仪表逻辑控制说明
Logic Control Description of Main Process Operating Instruments
(1) 克劳斯比值分析仪H2S/SO2比值控制
H2S/SO2 ratio controlled by Claus ratio analyzer
克劳斯比值在线分析仪H2S/SO2比值直接影响装置硫转化率，装置尾气中
H2S/SO2比值是通过在线分析仪312-AIC-001（H2S/2SO2）需氧量与微调
空气流量调节器312-FIC007B串级控制和总酸性气需氧量312-FY007A与
主空气流量调节器312-FIC07A串级控制来调节实现的。
H2S/SO2 ratio measured by Claus online ratio analyzer directly affects sulfur
conversion rate of the unit; H2S/SO2 ratio in tail gas of the unit is realized upon
regulation through cascade control of online oxygen demand analyzer
312-AIC-001 (H2S/2SO2) and air flow micro regulator 312-FIC007B and cascade
control of total oxygen demand analyzer for sour gas 312-FY007A and main air
flow regulator 312-FIC07A.
(2) 制硫燃烧炉（312-F01）温度控制
Temperature control for combustion furnace for sulfur production (312-F01)
为了使制硫燃烧炉适合在酸性气组成波动及处理含氨酸性气介质，达到破
除酸性气中氨的目的，制硫燃烧炉采用了双区燃烧的技术，通过调节清洁
酸性气进二区的量312-FIC010，能有效地控制反应炉一区温度312-TI008
大于1250℃。
To make combustion furnace for sulfur production suitable for composition
fluctuation of sour gas and treatment of ammonia-bearing sour gas medium and
achieve the purpose of eliminating ammonia in sour gas, double-zone combustion
technique is adopted for combustion furnace for sulfur production, and the
temperature 312-TI008 of zone 1 of reaction furnace can be effectively controlled
to be above 1,250°C through regulation of the amount 312-FIC010 of clean sour
gas in zone II.
(3) 废锅(312-E01)液位控制
Level Control of Waste Heat Boiler (312-E01)
正常生产时通过控制废锅上水调节阀，通过上水量来控制其液位
312-LIC005，单回路控制。
Level 312-LIC005 is controlled in single loop through water supply volumn
controlled by water supply control valve of waste heat boiler in normal production.
(4) 废锅(312-E01)压力控制
Pressure Control of Waste Heat Boiler (312-E01)
正常生产时通过控制废锅排出的蒸汽量来控制其压力312-PIC009，单回路
控制。
Pressure 312-PIC009 is controlled in single loop through control of steam output
from waste heat boiler in normal production.
(5) 转化器312-R01/R02床层温度控制
Control of bed temperature in the Claus reactor 312-R01/R02
正常生产时通过控制高温掺和阀312-TV015和过程气换热器312-E05的入
口调温阀312-TV016的开度，来控制转化器312-R01和312-R02的入口过
程气温度，单回路控制。
Inlet process gas temperature of 312-R01 and 312-R02 is controlled in single loop
through control of opening degree of high- temperature mixing valve 312-TV015
and inlet temperature control valve 312-TV016 of process gas heat exchanger
312-E05 in normal production.
(6) 焚烧炉温度控制
Temperature control for incinerator
焚烧炉温度影响尾气中硫化氢的焚烧，装置焚烧炉温度是通过温度调节器
312-TIC042来调节焚烧炉瓦斯流量来控制焚烧炉温度；瓦斯流量与焚烧炉
空气312-FY025、312-FY026构成比值控制，由操作人员设定合适的比值
来保证瓦斯达到燃烧要求；通过焚烧炉后的氧含量分析仪312-AIC003根据
所测得的氧气浓度与焚烧炉空气312-FIC027构成串级控制，操作员调节空
气与瓦斯的比值，确保焚烧炉中过氧工况，保证焚烧炉中H2S燃烧完全
The temperature of incinerator affects H2S incineration in tail gas, and incinerator
temperature is controlled through adjustment of gas flow in incinerator by
temperature regulator 312-TIC042; gas flow and incinerator air 312-FY025 and
312-FY026 are under ratio control, and proper ratio is set by operators to ensure
that gas meets combustion requirements; air/gas ratio is adjusted by operators
through cascade control formed by oxygen content analyzer 312-AIC003 behind
incinerator according to measured oxygen concentration and incinerator air
312-FIC027, thus to ensure oxygen supply conditions in incinerator and ensure
complete H2S combustion in incinerator
9.2.2 管道仪表流程图
Piping and Instruments Diagram （P&ID）
312硫回收装置的P&ID图另见设计图纸（14089-03312-B-100~254）
Refer to design drawing (14089-03312-B- 100~254) for PID of 312 sulfur recovery
unit
10 安全生产及环境保护
PRODUCTION SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
注：本章节为基本的安全生产及环境保护要求，具体情况以NRL的相关规定为
准。
NOTE: This chapter is general production safety and environmental production
regulations, and NRL’s regulation related to this should be subjected.
10.1 安全规定
Safety Regulations
10.1.1 安全生产基本原则
Basic Principles For Safety Production
1. 凡是本装置的员工都必须严格执行公司各项HSE规定和要求。
All the staff operating the unit must strictly abide by HSE provisions and
requirements of the company.
2. 岗位操作人数不得低于定员编制。
The number of operators for posts shall not be less than a fixed number.
3. 对进入本装置的员工都必须进行安全知识和技能教育，上岗前必须进行安
全、岗位技能考试，考试合格取得《上岗证》、《安全作业证》才能上岗
作业。按期对热工岗位、热工水质化验员进行上岗证鉴定。装置一年举办
一次安全常识和技能考试，考试不合格人员离岗培训。
Staff operating the unit must be trained for safety knowledge and skills, and will not
take their posts until they obtain Work Certificate and Work Safety Certificate after
passing through the safety and post skill test which must be carried out before work.
Authenticate the work license of the thermo technical position and laboratory
technician of thermo technical water quality periodically. The unit shall held safety
knowledge and skills test once a year. Those who fail the examination shall leave
the position and receive training.
4. 岗位人员（操作人员、管理人员）都必须熟知自己职责范围内的生产安全
检查内容，并积极检查，对查出的问题立即进行处理，需专业维护单位处
理的，及时联系相关单位，向装置汇报并做好记录。
Personnel on posts (operator and manager) must know production safety
inspection contents within their own responsibilities well, actively check the
production safety and handle immediately problems found, and in case of any
problem that can only be solved by professional maintenance department, should
contact immediately and report to such department of the unit, and make a record.
5. 防雷、防汛，人员防暑，防火、防爆、防静电、防中毒、防滑、防跌等检
查随时进行，对查出的问题不能过夜，需向上级汇报的事件不能隐瞒。
Lightning protection, flood prevention, personnel heatstroke prevention, fire
protection, explosion protection, electrostatic prevention, poisoning prevention,
skid prevention and fall over prevention at any time. Do not leave found problems
to be solved to next day, and do not hide any events that shall be reported to the
superior.
6. 岗位操作人员必须严格执行交接班制度、安全巡回检查制度。
Operators on posts must strictly abide by the handover system and the patrol
inspection system for safety.
7. 每个岗位操作人员都必须熟练掌握岗位操作技能、事故应急处理预案。生
产过程控制、故障处理和各种作业都必须严格执行岗位责任制、装置管理
制度、操作规程、工艺卡片及事故处理预案。
Operator on each post must know the post operation skill and the emergency
accident handling plan well. The control in the process of production, fault handling
and all kinds of the operations must strictly follow work post responsibility,
operation specification, process card and accident handling plan.
8. 生产过程控制，任何时候都不能超工艺卡片指标。
The production process shall be controlled, to make sure that parameters will not
exceed indexes on the process card at any time.
9. 进入作业现场的人员都必须戴安全帽、穿工作服、穿平底且不带铁钉的鞋
。为防止绞伤，女工必须将长发盘在安全帽内。
Personnel entering the construction site must wear safety helmets, work suits and
flat- soled shoes without iron nails. In order to prevent injury, woman workers need
to set their long hair in the safety helmet.
10. 岗位操作人员都必须会使用安全防护设施和消防设施。
Operators on each post must be capable of using safety facilities and fire-fighting
facilities.
11. 现场进行小包装催化剂的装料或卸料时必须戴防尘口罩、防风眼镜。
Operators on site who carry out the loading or unloading of catalysts in small
packages must wear dust masks and wind glasses.
12. 用好固定式硫化氢和可燃气体检测报警仪。容器脱水时用好便携式硫化氢
和可燃气体检测报警仪。
Correctly use the fixed hydrogen sulfide and combustible gas detection
alarms. During the dehydration of vessels, portable hydrogen sulfide and
combustible gas detection alarms shall be used.
13. 开、停工时严格按开停工方案进行。
The startup and shutdown of the unit shall be carried out strictly in accordance with
the schemes.
14. 定期对消防设施，气防器具检查，确保防护设施完好备用。
Inspect the fire-fighting facilities and anti-gas apparatus regularly to ensure these
protection facilities are complete and intact for use.
15. 对高温部位定期进行热点检查，如有热点必须定期监测并做好记录，向上
级汇报。
Check for hot spots in the high- temperature section regularly. If hot spots are
detected, they shall be regularly monitored. Make related records and report to the
superiors.
16. 发生紧急停电、停风、停水、停蒸汽，按操作规程中处理方法控制操作；
发生泄漏、着火、爆炸等事故，按装置事故应急预案处理。
Handle situations as emergency power failure, air failure, water and steam supply
according to the handling methods and controlling operations in the operating
regulation. And handle leakage, fire, explosion and other accidents according to
the emergency accident plan of the unit.
10.1.2 装置安全生产规定
Regulations for Safe Production
1. 严禁携带火种及其他易燃易爆物品进入装置，装置内任何部位禁止吸烟。
Entering the unit with carrying kindling or other flammables and explosives is
prohibited; smoking in any part inside the unit is prohibited.
2. 严禁用汽油擦洗衣物，工具，设备，地面等，特殊用油持安全证明或许可
证方可进行。严禁本单位即外单位任何人员将石油产品送与他人使用。
Scrubbing clothes, tools, equipment or the ground with gasoline is prohibited; oil
usage under special conditions is not allowed unless a safety certificate or license
is obtained. No one is allowed to deliver petroleum products to others.
3. 严禁穿戴钉子鞋进入装置，严禁用黑色金属等易产生火花的物品敲击设备
。拆装易燃易爆物料设备是应使用防暴工具。
Entering the unit in spiked shoes is prohibited; tapping equipment with articles easy
to produce sparks including the ferrous metal is prohibited. Anti- explosion
tools shall be used when handling flammable and explosive materials and
equipment.
4. 在易燃易爆场所不能穿纤维衣服，以防产生静电火花。
Wearing fibrous clothes in flammable and explosive area is not allowed, so as to
prevent generating electrostatic spark.
5. 进入装置内的各种机动车辆应办理通行证，设备检修用火，根据用火类别
办理火票，严格执行用火管理制度。
All kinds of vehicles entering the unit shall have passes; as for fire for equipment
overhaul, fire tickets shall be handled according to fire usage and the fire
management system shall be strictly implemented.
6. 高温设备管线上不能烘烤食品及各类易燃物品。
It is forbidden to bake food and various inflammable goods on high- temperature
pipelines and equipment.
7. 不许随便拆卸管线，法兰，不准随便排放油品，物料等。
It is forbidden to disassemble pipelines and flanges or discharge oil, materials, etc.
at will.
8. 严禁用水和蒸汽冲洗电机，电缆，电器开关等电器设备。
It is forbidden to flush electrical equipment with water and steam, such as motor,
cable and electric switch.
9. 设备不能超温超压超速超负荷运行。
Equipment cannot be operated in over- temperature, overpressure,
over-speed or overload condition.
10. 设备检修必须办理作业票，机动设备检修必须切断电源，仪表检修必须切
手动。
Equipment maintenance must be carried out with job permit, rotating equipment
maintenance must be carried out in power- off condition, and instrument
maintenance must be carried out with manual mode.
11. 按压力容器管理规定，加强安全阀的管理，定期检。
（起跳后要重新检验）
Strengthen the management of pressure relief valve and regularly perform
inspection as per pressure vessel management regulations; (Re- inspection
shall be carried out in case of relief of pressure relief valve)
12. 消防栓、消防炮、灭火器、安全抢险物品不能随便挪用，不能损坏定期检
查，保证灵活好用；消防通道要保持畅通。
It is not allowed to feel free to use fire hydrant, fire monitor, fire extinguisher and
security and rescue items. And it is not allowed to damage their regular inspection,
instead, ensuring that they are flexible and easy to use. Besides, fire engine
access should be kept unblocked.
13. 工作中不能脱岗、串岗、看报、看书，不做与生产无关的事情。
In work time, it not allowed to leave post, to go to others post, to read newspapers
or books or to do some things that are unrelated to production.
10.1.3 装置开工安全规定
Safety Regulations for Startup
1. 要认真细致地检查工程质量是否合格、工艺流程是否畅通，检查设备是否
完好，安全设施、卫生条件等是否达到装置开工条件。
Carefully check whether the construction quality is qualified, technical process is
unobstructed, equipment is in sound condition, and safety facilities, sanitary
conditions and others meet requirements for commissioning and startup.
2. 在设备、管线经过吹扫、冲洗、试压，单机试运、水联运符合要求后，开
工投料前彻底打扫装置的环境卫生。
After equipment and pipeline are purged, flushing, and undergo pressure test, and
meets requirements of commissioning with water，clean up the unit thoroughly
before commissioning and startup.
3. 所有设备、阀门、法兰、管线都要处于良好状态，变通流程，各排空、放
空全部关死，安全阀底部阀全部投用，并打铅封。机泵润滑油端面密封要
良好，冷却水要畅通，仪表灵活好用、准确。
All equipment, valves, flanges and pipelines shall be in a good condition. Modifying
process and closing all blowoff valves and vent valves, put the valves in front of
pressure relief valve into service with car seal. The lube oil of the pump shall be
good in interface surface sealing, the flow path of cooling water shall be
unobstructed and the instrument shall be flexible, accurate and easy to use.
4. 检查全部容器液面报警器是否好用。
Check whether all level alarms of containers are intact to use.
5. 要求消防设施齐全好用，位置适当。
Fire protection facilities shall be complete and intact to use and they are set at a
proper place.
6. 要与有关单位做好联系工作。
Keep a good contact with related units.
7. 要有详细的开工方案。开工方案要经过各部门审核，并在开工过程中严格
执行。
The detailed commissioning and startup plan shall be prepared, reviewed by each
department and executed strictly.
8. 反应炉、尾气炉点火要严格按照点炉操作规程进行。点火前要进行彻底检
查，保证流程畅通、安全附件齐全投用，已经过氮、风吹扫，废锅（点反
应炉时）已上水到规定液面，点火过程一定要严格按点火逻辑程序进行。
The ignition of reaction furnace and tail- gas furnace shall strictly in
accordance with the operating regulation on lighting furnace. An overhaul should
be carry out before lighting so as to ensure that the processes are unblocked, all
completed safety accessories are put into service and already purged with nitrogen
and air, besides, water of the waste heat boiler (when light reaction furnace) has
already been added to a regulated level and that the lighting process have to base
on the logical program for lighting strictly.
10.1.4 装置停工检修安全规定
Safety Regulations for Shutdownand Maintenance
1. 装置停工检修前必须制定安全措施。要制订详细的管线设备蒸汽吹方案，
吹扫要细致，加盲板要有人专门负责编号登记以便开工时拆除；下水井、
地漏必须用水或蒸汽冲扫干净并封严。
The safety measures shall be formulated and fire use shall be organized before
stopping the unit for maintenance. The steam purging process of pipeline and
equipment shall be formulated at the same time. The purging work shall be done
meticulously. Special people shall be assigned to number and register binds so
that they can be dismantled in time when being started up. The sewage pit and
funnel must be cleaned up and sealed with water or steam.
2. 塔、容器等大设备检修，要用蒸汽按规定时间吹扫，吹扫后设备蒸汽入口
阀后加盲板；温度降低以后，由上而下拆卸人孔盖；以防烫伤、自燃着火
或爆炸。
When inspecting and maintaining large equipment like columns and vessels, purge
them with steam in accordance with the time required. After purging, add blinds at
the back of the steam inlet valve of the unit. Dismantle the manhole cover from the
top to the bottom after the temperature drop down so as to prevent scald,
spontaneous ignition or explosion.
3．凡通入塔、炉、罐容器的蒸汽应有专人管理，严禁随便开动，本装置与外
单位可燃介质连接管线要打上盲板，防止串气爆炸。
Special people shall be assigned to manage steam inlet to containers including
strippers, furnaces and tanks. Strictly prohibit starting these containers at will. The
pipeline connecting this unit to the external combustible medium shall be added the
blind in case of explosion caused by back flow.
4．凡要检修的电机，风机等设备，必须切断电源。
The equipment including motor and blower fan which needs maintenance shall be
powered off.
5．在拆卸设备前，必须经上级负责人检查，对所有的油、汽、风、水、瓦斯
管线看是否处理干净，经允许后，方准拆卸，以防残压伤人或油水流出污
染工地，严禁在地面、钢架、平台上放污油。
Before dismantling equipment, the superior director must conduct inspection to

see whether all oil, steam, air, water, fuel gas pipelines are clean. After being
approved, the dismantling work can be done. To prevent the residual pressure
hurts people or oil and water outflow to pollute the working site, it is strictly
prohibited to put slop oil on the ground, steel frame and platform.
6．塔炉和其他容器检修时，临时照明灯应采用胶质软线（不能有破损）低压
（≤12伏）安全灯，以防触电。
The temporary illuminators shall be LP (12 v or less) approved lamp made from
colloid soft line (without any breakage) when inspecting and repairing strippers,
furnaces and other containers, in case of electric shock.
7．凡进塔、炉或其它容器、电缆沟、下水井等有限空间内作业，必须具备以
下条件：在气体分析检验合格办理完作业证，保持通风、有必要的安全
措施（如要戴安全帽、防毒面具，外边有人看护）；另外，时间不得过长，
时间长时要轮换工作，严防中毒、窒息及其他事故发生。
When carry out operations in those confined spaces as column , furnace or other
vessels, cable chute, sewage pit and so on, must meet following conditions: When
the operation certificate is acquired subject to satisfactory gas analysis and
inspection, keep proper ventilation and take necessary safety measures
(including wearing a helmet, gas mask, someone staying outside for caring).
Besides, the time for staying that equipment shall not be too long. In case of the
time is too long, it should change shifts so as to prevent poisoning, stifling and
other accidents.
8．凡进入检修现场的人员一律戴安全帽，高空作业在2米以上，必须系安全
带和携带工具袋；卸下零件螺栓等要摆齐，不用的废料及时清理拿走；高
空吊物要做到“一看”、“二叫”、“三放下”。
All personnel who are at the inspecting and maintaining site shall wear a helmet.
Those who work high above 2 meters must wear a safety belt and carry a tool bag.
The components, bolts and others unloaded shall be put in order and the waste out
of use shall be cleared away in time. When it comes to hoisting things to the high
altitude, the following three things shall be done: “firstly, observe” "secondly, call"
and “thirdly, lay down”.
9．装置内需要用电、用火及机动车辆进入装置时，要严格执行用电、用火管
理制度，以及用火现场乙炔瓶与氧气瓶摆放防爆安全规定。
When it needs to use electricity, fire and motor vehicles to get into the units, it
should strictly execute the management systems for using electricity and fire, and
the safety anti- explosion regulations for the placement of acetylene cylinders
and oxygen cylinders at the fire using spot.
10.1.5 防雷电、静电和触电规定
Regulations forPreventing Lightning, Static and Electric Shock
1．炉、塔、罐等设备和建筑物必须有防雷电设施，导电性能好，必须符合规
范。
The buildings and facilities including furnaces, strippers and tanks shall possess
facilities for lightning protection, feature good electrical conductivity and conform to
regulations.
2．容器进油时，不得冲速过猛，并有良好静电接地设施。
Do not introduce oil to containers at a fast speed. The container shall possess good
static grounding facilities.
3．操作工检查运转电器设备时，应先用手背触之外壳是否触电后，才可用手
掌面检查，检查时要穿胶鞋。
When checking electrical equipment which is running, the operator shall check with
the palm of the hand after touching the outside shell with the back of the hand to
feel whether he gets an electric shock and the rubber boot shall be wore.
4．容器内作业时，临时照明、通风机的电源线要保护好，不得与设备边角摩
擦，防止触电。
When working inside the vessel, the power wire of temporary illuminators and
fanners shall be protected well, without rubbing with the sideline and corner of
equipment, so as to prevent an electric shock.
5．在干燥的容器中照明电压不得超过36V，在潮湿的容器中照明电压不得超
过12V。
The lighting voltage in the dry container shall not be more than 36V and that in
the wet container shall not be more than 12V.
10.1.6 设备安全技术规定
Safety Regulations for Equipment
1．反应炉、尾气炉炉膛温度不得超过设计值。
The temperature of reaction furnace and tail- gas furnace shall not more than the
design value.
2．浮头式换热器单向受热温差应在130℃以下，固定管板换热器不允许单向
受热。
One- way heating temperature difference of floating head heat exchanger shall
be below 130℃; however, one- way heating is not allowed for fixed tube-sheet heat
exchanger.
3．设备安全阀必须灵活好用，定压正确，不能任意调整定压值，或改变安全
阀规格或降低安全阀排泄能力。
The pressure relief valve of equipment must be flexible. It must be set at a correct
pressure value, prohibited to regulate the set pressure value at random or change
the specification or drop down the discharge capacity of it.
4．换热器、塔器及容器检修后，要进行试压，试压按规定进行，法兰泄漏，
必须降压后处理。
After being inspected and repaired, the hydraulic test for the heat exchanger,
column and vessel shall be conducted. Test pressure shall be in accordance with
regulations. The leakage in flanges must be dealt with after depressurization.
5．高温系统阀门，盘根垫片材质要按规定使用。
The materials of valves of high temperature systems and packing gaskets shall be
used in accordance with regulations.
6．装置内可燃气浓度大的地方，要使用防爆电动机，灯具开关接线盒的容器
设备，应具有良好的外壳接地和静电接地。
The anti-explosion electromotor shall be used at the location where oil consistency
is heavy. The containers in the switch junction box of luminaire shall possess good
earth of casing and electrostatic grounding.
10.1.7 防止中毒窒息规定
Regulations for Preventing Poisoning and Suffocation
1 在有中毒及窒息危险的环境下作业，必须指派监护人。
The guardian must be assigned when working in the environment with the
poisoning and suffocation hazards.
2 操作人员作业前必须接受防毒急救安全知识教育。
The operators must receive the education on anti-poison and first aid.
3 在有中毒和窒息环境作业时，必须佩带可靠的劳动防护用品。
The reliable labor protection apparatus shall be wore when working in the
environment with the poisoning and suffocation hazards.
4 进入含有毒有害气体或缺氧环境的有限空间内作业时，应将与其相通的管
道加盲板隔绝。
When entering the toxic environment with harmful gas or limited space to work, all
the pipelines connection with space or environment have to be isolated with blinds.
5 对有毒或有窒息危险的岗位，要进行风险评价并制订应急计划和配备必要
的劳动防护用品。
As for the post with toxic and suffocation hazards, the risk evaluation shall be
conducted, the emergency plan shall be formulated, and the necessary labor
protection articles shall be equipped.
6 要定期对有毒有害场所进行检测，采取措施，使之符合国家标准。
The poisonous and harmful sites shall be tested regularly and measures shall be
taken to make them meet the national standards.
7 对各类有毒物品和防毒器具必须有专人管理，并定期检查。
All kinds of toxic substances and gas defense facility must be managed
byspecially-assigned person and checked regularly.
8 检测毒害物质的设备、仪器要定期检查、校验，保持完好。
Equipment and instruments fortoxic substances inspecting shall be checked and
calibrated regularly,and shall be keeped intact.
9 发生人员中毒、窒息时，处理及救护及时、方法正确。
The personnel are poisoned and suffocated, the treatment and rescue shall be
timely and correctly in case of poisoning and suffocation
10 健全有毒物质管理制度并严格执行。
A system of toxic substance management shall be perfected and strictly
implemented.
10.1.8 安全防火制度
Regulations for Fireproof
1、消防器材要达到齐全、好用、做到人人会使用。
Fire equipment shall be complete and easy to use, and everyone is
acquainted with how to use.
2、认真执行工艺纪律及冬季操作法，。加强检查，确保安全生产。
Earnestly implement the process discipline and enhance inspection to ensure
safety production.
3、禁止用汽油及轻烃擦洗设备。
Prohibit washing equipment with gasoline or light oil.
4、动火必须按厂区动火规定进行。
The hot work should be conducted according to the regulations on using fire within
factory area.
5、无施工方案及事故预案，不准任意拆卸盲板或动用新设备。
It is not allowed to dismantle any blind or put new equipment in service without
construction schemes and accident plan.
6、禁止穿带有铁钉的鞋及化纤衣物进入装置。
Prohibit entering the unit withshoes with iron nails orman-made fibers clothing.
7、在装置内禁用不防爆的通讯器材。
Prohibit using communication equipment without explosion-proof design.
8、发现火情时，根据火源及火势立即做出正确的判断并决定是否报火警（119）
。
In case of fire, make a right judgment according to the fire source and fire behavior
immediately and decide whether to call the firefighter (119).
9、确保消防水系统的备用和报警器材的完好在用状态，定期进行演练和试用
。
Make sure the standby of the fire water system and fire alarm equipment are in a
good condition, conduct the exercise and test-runregularly.
10.1.9 化学危险品安全管理制度
Regulations for Safety Management of Hazardous Chemical
1 岗位人员必须熟知物品的危险性质，预防措施。
Postholders must be familiar with the hazardous nature of the item and the
preventive measures.
2 岗位上必须配备相应的安全消防设施和防护器材。
The corresponding fire fighting facilities and protective equipment must be
equipped for thepost.
3 储存和保管化学危险品必须进行验收登记，并定期检查。
Storage and preservation of the hazardous chemical must be registered upon the
acceptance and should be checked regularly.
4 储存化学危险物品的场所必须有泄漏报警设施。
The places where hazardous chemicals are stored must be equipped with
leakagedetectors.
5 化学危险物品不准超量充装，流速不得大于规定值。
Hazardous chemicals shall not be excessively loaded and the velocity shall not be
greater than the specified value.
6 装卸和运输化学危险物品要轻拿轻放，防止撞击、磨擦、拖拉、重压和倾
倒。
For loading, unloading and transporting hazardous chemicals handle with care and
prevent from being impacted, rubbed, dragged, pressed and dumped heavily.
7 岗位人员要精心操作，按时巡检，发现泄漏及时进行处理。
Postholders shall conduct carefully operation and inspection on time. Once

leakage, it shall be handled timely.
8 发生泄漏事故时要正确选用防护用具和用品，防止中毒窒息。
In case ofleakage accident, choose protective equipment and supplies correctly to
prevent poisoning and suffocating.
9 发生事故时本着先救人后救灾的原则。
When the accident occurs, the principle of “people first” should be abided by.
10 发生事故后要及时清理残留物，减少环境污染。
The residue shall be removed timely after the accident to minimize environmental
pollution.
10.1.10 消防设施管理规定
Regulations for Firefighting Facilities
1 总则
General
第一条加强对各类消防设施的管理，建立、健全各级管理责任制和维护保
养责任制，确保消防设施完好。
Article IStrengthen the management of all kinds of fire protection facilities.
Establish and improve the management responsibility system at various levels and
maintenance responsibility system to make sure that fire protection facilities are in
a good condition.
第二条各类消防设施，包括消防水泵房、各类固定式消防设施和各种小型
移动式消防器材等都必须严格执行本规定。
Article IIAll kinds of fire protection facilities, including fire water pump room, all
kinds of fixed fire protection facilities and various small portable fire fighting
equipment must strictly conform to this Regulation.
第三条工艺操作、装置检修等有关人员对本岗位、本装置的消防设施要做
到会维护保养、会使用。
Article IIIPersonnel related to process operation, maintenance of the unit shall be
able to maintain and use fire protection facilities at the working siteof this unit. .
消防设施的管理要纳入安全管理和设备管理工作中，设专人负责。建立消
防设施台帐，定期对消防设施的维护、保养、试验、称重、药剂更换补充
等工作进行监督检查。
The management of fire protection facilities shall be included in the management of
safety and equipment and special people shall be assigned for that. Establish the
account on fire protection facilities and check the maintenance,

commissioning, weigh, replacement and supplement of the agent regularly.
(3) 装置内固定消防设施的管理
The Management of Fixed Fire Protection Facilities in Plants
1、要加强对装置内固定消防设施的管理，按期进行试验；做到不堵、不
漏，消防水炮、消火栓要经常试验，使之处于完好状态。
Strengthen management for fixed fire protection facilities in plants and conduct
tests regularly to achieve non-clogging and non-leakage, the fire hydrants
and water monitors should be tested regularly so as to keepthem in sound
condition.
2、加强装置内固定消防设施的维护保养，经常检查并定期做防腐处理。
对消防系统上的阀门、喷嘴等要经常检查、清理，损坏的要及时更换，
确保零部件齐全、灵活、好用。
Strengthen maintenance and inspection for fixed fire protection facilities in
plants,as well as regular anti-corrosive treatment. To ensure complete, flexible
and free to move, components, equipment including the valve, nozzle of fire
protection system needs to be inspected, cleaned, and changed if damages
exist.
小型移动式消防器材的管理
The management of small mobile fire fighting equipment
3、小型移动式消防器材是扑救初期火灾的必备工作，必须加强管理，不
得随便挪用。
Strengthen management for small mobile fire fighting equipment require and it
shall not be moved to other places and used for other purposes since it is the
key equipment in initial firefighting.
4、小型移动式消防器材要按消防设计规范的要求进行配备，设立消防器
材棚（箱），并设有专人维护保养。
Small mobile fire equipment should be installed according to the requirements
of codes for firefighting design, and should be equipped with firefighting booth
(box), and maintained by dedicated people.
5、按照各种移动式消防器材的使用要求，按期更换药剂，并做好铅封。
在器材上要标明更换日期，以便进行检查。
Change agents regularly and put lead seal in right position according to
operating requirements of various mobile firefighting equipment. Mark out the
date for replacementfor theconvenienceof inspection.
10.2 本装置历史上发生的主要典型事故、处理方法及教训
Historical Accidents of Similar Plant
由于本装置是新建装置，因此不存在历史上发生任何事故。现列举其他炼厂相
关装置的一些典型事故。
There is no accident happening in plant’s history since it is a newly- built one. Typical
accidents of other refineries are listed below.
10.2.1 硫磺回收开工烧坏人孔
Manhole Burnt in Startup of Sulfur Recovery Unit
1999年8月15日16：30，某炼油厂硫磺回收装置操作员在巡检时发现炉人孔烧
坏。
At 16:30 on August 15, 1999, an operator for sulfur recovery unit of an oil refinery found
that manhole of furnace was burnt during inspection.
事故经过：
Accident process:
1999年7月10日，硫磺回收装置按计划点炉开工，7月10日点焚烧炉F-202，
11日23：25时点燃烧炉F- 101，14日点尾气炉F-201，转化器、炉开始烘烤，
7月23日烘炉完毕；7月29日至30日R-101、R-102、R-201装催化剂，8月6日
重新点火开工，8月13日引酸气入燃烧炉，系统继续升温，8月15日加大酸气
入炉量，到16：30发现燃烧炉人孔烧坏而紧急停工。
On July 10, 1999, sulfur recovery unit was ignited and started up as planned; incinerator
F- 202 was ignited on July 10, combustion furnace F-1-101 was ignited at 23:25 on
July 11, tail gas furnace F- 201 was ignited to dry reformer and furnace on July 14,
dry-out was completed on July 23; R-101, R-102 and R-201 were loaded with catalyst
from July 29 to July 30, re-ignition and startup were performed on August 6, sour
gas was introduced into combustion furnace on August 13 to increase temperature for
the system; sour gas feeding volume was increased on August 15, and emergency
shutdown was performed upon detection of burnt manhole of combustion furnace at
16:30.
事故分析：
Accident analysis:
造成主燃烧炉人孔烧坏的主要原因是：
Main causes to burn manhole of main combustion burnace:
(1、燃烧炉 F-101 衬里材料选材错误。

Wrong material was selected for lining of combustion furnace F-101.
(2、风量表偏小，酸气量偏小，造成配风过大，主燃烧炉超温。
The scale of air flowmeter is too small, and sour gas volume is too small,
causing too much air distributed and overtemperature of main combustion
furnace.
(3、主要仪表存在不少问题：酸气超声波流量计无指示，H2S/SO2 比值分

析仪无法投用，SO2、O2 分析仪不准，火焰检测仪无法投用等问题。
Many problems for main instrumentsNo indication of sour gas ultrasonic
flowmeter, H2S/SO2 ratio analyzer cannot be put into service, SO2 and O2
analyzer was inaccurate, and flame detector cannot be put into service.
(4、整个人孔被错误用保温材料包得严严实实。
The entire manhole was wrapped tightly by thermal insulating materials.
(5、操作人员经验不足。
Operators were lack of experience.
采取措施：
Actions taken:
8月20日至9月20日修复衬里，校验风量流量表，更换超声波流量计。
Lining was fixed, air flowmeter was calibrated, and ultrasonic flowmeter was replaced
from August 20 to September 20.
经验教训：
Experience and lessons:
“三查四定”时要认真仔细，对各关键设备内衬里选材要严格确认，避免开工后
出现衬里不能经受操作温度的纰漏。
Punch list shall be executed seriously and carefully, lining materials of key equipment
shall be selected upon strict confirmation to avoid the defect that lining cannot bear
operation temperature after startup.
10.2.2 焚烧炉点火闪爆事故
Flash Explosion during Incinerator Ignition
事故经过：
Accident process:
2003年11月某日晚21时，某硫磺回收装置焚烧炉进行开工点火。共进行了三
次点火。Ignition was performed for three times.前两次因为小火嘴没点着，然
后拆清火嘴，所用时间较长。第三次点火时先将辅助燃烧器点着，22：10在点
主燃烧器时，没有及时点着主火嘴而发生闪爆，造成尾气中压蒸汽过热器西侧
弯头箱鼓起，烟囱内墙体被震塌。
Incinerator of a sulfur recovery unit was ignited for startup at 21:00 on a day in
November of 2003.Small burner was not ignited in the first two times, and it took a long
time to remove and clean the burner.In the third ignition, auxiliary burner was ignited at
first, and flash explosion happened due to failure to ignite main burner in time at 22:10,
causing swelling of elbow box at the west side of tail gas medium- pressure steam
superheater and collapse of wallbody in the chimney.
原因分析：
Cause analysis:
1)、对炉膛的吹扫时间不够，没有严格按照变更管理程序进行危害识别和
风险评估，将吹扫时间由原定的 5 分钟改为 3 分钟，导致在点火过程
中炉膛吹扫不彻底。
Purge time for furnace was not enough, hazard identification and risk
assessment were not performed in strict accordance with change
management procedure; purge time was changed from 5min to 3min, causing
incomplete furnace purge during ignition.
2)、点火过程操作不当，没有严格按照操作规程去点火。点火过程中，进
炉膛的瓦斯流量一直是由调节阀控制，该调节阀关不严，导致一定量
的瓦斯串入炉膛。
Maloperation in ignition, ignition was not performed in strict accordance with
operating procedure.During ignition, gas flow into furnace was controlled by
control valve, but the control valve cannot be closed tightly, causing certain
gas breakthrough into furnace.
3)、点火前没有对火盘进行认真检查，未能及时发现主燃烧器火盘变形，
火盘将原应伸出的辅助燃烧器挡住，辅助燃烧器的火焰无法将主火嘴
喷出的瓦斯点燃。
Pilot was not inspected seriously before ignition, thus deformation of pilot of
main burner was not detected in time; auxiliary burner which was expected to
be protruded was blocked by pilot, thus the flame of auxiliary burner cannot
ignite the gas blown out of main burner.
防范措施：
Preventive measures:
1)、对点火操作开展 HSE 风险评估，使参加点火操作的职工对点火过程的

风险有较深刻的认识。
HSE risk assessment shall be carried out for ignition operation to deepen
ignition operators’ understanding of risks during ignition.
2)、炉子点火过程中的每一个步骤都要严格按照操作规程进行，并且经过
岗位、班长及车间三级确认后才能进行下一步骤，要求有确认签名表
。
Each ignition step shall be performed in strict accordance with operating
procedure, and shall be confirmed by position, foreman and workshop before
being turned to the next step, and signature sheet is required for confirmation.
3)、点火过程由当班班长统一指挥，装置主管及工艺员监督落实，吹扫时
间按原来的 5 分钟不变，内漏的调节阀要及时处理好，确保仪表完好，
符合工艺要求方可进行点火操作。
The whole ignition process shall be under unified command by foreman, and
implementation shall be supervised by unit supervisor and technician; purge
time shall be maintained for 5min originally, control valves with internal
leakage shall be handled properly, and instruments shall be kept intact, and
ignition shall not be started before process requirements are met.
经验教训：
对经过检修的燃烧炉、焚烧炉的主、辅燃烧器的安装情况要加强检查，确保符
合设计要求。
Inspection shall be strengthened for the installation conditions of main and auxiliary
burners of combustion furnace and incinerator upon maintenance to ensure that design
requirements are met.
10.2.3 尾气旁路硫化亚铁自燃事故
Spontaneous Ignition Accident of Ferrous Sulfide on Tail Gas Bypass
Pipeline
事故经过：
Accident process:
硫磺回收装置尾气旁路管线是一条DN800的管线，其作用是当尾气部分需要临
时停下抢修的时候，给硫磺装置克劳斯反应后的过程气直接排放到焚烧炉提供
通道。此管线没有任何的监测仪表。2003年10月27日22：30左右，硫磺装置
在停工完成后，装置处于静置状态的第一个晚上，当班操作工在巡检的过程中，
发现旁路管线的裸露部分发红，当班人员立即用蒸汽对发红的部位进行掩护，
避免了管线的大面积灼烧损坏。
Tail gas bypass pipeline of sulfur recovery unit refers to a DN800 pipeline and serves
for directly discharging process gas from Claus reaction of sulfur unit to
incinerator when necessary for temporary shutdown repair of tail gas part.The pipeline
is free of any monitoring instrument.At about 22:30 on October 27, 2003, i.e. the first
night when the unit was in static state upon shutdown for sulfur unit, on- duty operators
found bare part of bypass pipeline to be red during inspection, and on- duty personnel
covered red position with steam immediately to avoid large- area damage to
pipeline.
原因分析：
Cause analysis:
(1、对硫化亚铁的认识不足，装置在停工的过程中，只认识到硫化亚铁对
大型设备的危害，对有可能发生硫化亚铁自燃的大型设备都进行了钝
化处理，而忽略了硫化亚铁对管线的危害，没有对管线处理。
（实际上
没有办法处理）
Inadequate understanding to ferrous sulfide; during unit shutdown,
personnel were only aware of the hazard of ferrous fulfide to large- sized
equipment, and performed passivation for all the large- sized
equipment with possibility of spontaneous ignition of ferrous sulfide, but
ignored the hazard of ferrous sulfide to pipeline, and failed to handle
pipeline.(Actually no method for handling)
(2、管线在生产过程中，由于硫蒸汽的串入，生成大量的硫化亚铁。在装
置停下静置的时候，由于空气从焚烧炉反串进入，造成管线内的硫化
亚铁自燃。
Much ferrous sulfide was generated due to sour steam mixed in pipeline
during production.Spontaneous ignition of ferrous sulfide was caused inside
pipeline due to air from incinerator when the unit was put in a static state.
(3、由于此管线没有安装任何的仪表，内操无法通过仪表监控。
Board operators were unable to perform monitoring through gauges for the
pipeline is free of any gauges.
经验教训：
(1、停工前对停工过程及设备开展 HSE 风险识别活动，充分认识可能存在

硫化亚铁自燃的设备，从而落实防范措施。
HSE risk identification shall be carried out for shutdown process and
equipment before shutdown to fully understand the equipment with the
possibility of spontaneous ignition of ferrous sulfide, thus to facilitate the
implementation of preventive measures.
(2、装置在停工过程中尽可能对所有的设备管线进行钝化处理，对无法钝
化处理的管线应该通入蒸汽或氮气保护，避免当停汽后发生硫化亚铁
自燃。
Passivation shall be performed for all the equipment pipeline to the greatest
extent during unit shutdown; the pipeline which cannot receive passivation
shall be filled with steam or nitrogen to avoid spontaneous ignition of ferrous
sulfide after steam supply is cut off.
(3、给一些大型的管线安装温度检测仪表，便于内操通过计算机监控。外
操在设备停下后要加强巡检，用便携测温计测量设备管线表面温度，
以便及时发现有硫化亚铁自燃的管线设备，及时处理，避免烧坏设备
。
Thermometer shall be mounted for large- sized pipeline to facilitate
computer monitoring by board operators.Field operators shall strengthen
inspection after equipment shutdown, and shall measure surface temperature
of equipment pipeline by potable thermodetector to detect pipeline and
equipment with spontaneous ignition of ferrous sulfide in time, thus to handle
the problem in time and avoid equipment from being burnt.
(4、给直径大于 DN200 的管线安装蒸汽吹扫掩护，以便在发生硫化亚铁自

燃的时候可以迅速扑灭。
Steam purge unit shall be provided for pipeline with diameter above DN200 to
put out fire quickly in case of spontaneous ignition of ferrous sulfide.
(5、给所有大型设备安装冷水喷淋系统，以便当设备发生硫化亚铁自燃时
可以用水浇灭，避免损坏设备。
Water spray system shall be installed for all the large- sized equipment to put
out fire in case of spontaneous ignition of ferrous sulfide, thus to avoid damage
to equipment.
10.3 本装置易燃易爆物的安全性质
Safety Property of Inflammable and Explosive Substances
10.3.1 本装置的危险化学品及其安全技术说明书（MSDS）
Hazardous Chemicals and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) of the Unit
10.3.1.1 硫化氢——化学品安全技术说明书
Hydrogen Sulfide - Chemical Safety Data Sheet
表10-1 硫化氢——化学品安全技术说明书
Table 10-1 hydrogen sulfide -chemical safety data sheet
硫化氢——化学品安全技术说明书
Hydrogen Sulfide -Chemical Safety Data Sheet
说明书目录
Catalog
第一部分化学品名称第九部分理化特性
Section I Name of chemical Section IX Physicochemical properties
第二部分成分/组成信息第十部分稳定性和反应活性
Section II Compositions/information of Section X Stability and reaction activity
说明书目录
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components
第三部分危险性概述第十一部分毒理学资料
Section III Hazard summary Section XI Toxicological Information
第四部分急救措施第十二部分生态学资料
Section IV First aid measures Section XII Ecological information
第五部分消防措施第十三部分废弃处置
Section V Fire- fighting measures Section XIII Disposal treatment
第六部分泄漏应急处理第十四部分运输信息
Section VI Emergency Treatment of Leakage Section XIV Transport information
第七部分操作处置与储存第十五部分法规信息
Section VII Operation treatment and storage Section XV Regulatory information
第八部分接触控制/个体防护第十六部分其他信息
Section VIII Contact control/individual protection Section XVI Other Information
第一部分：化学品名称
Section I: Names of Chemicals
化学品中文名称：
硫化氢
Chinese name of chemical:
化学品英文名称：
hydrogen sulfide
English name of chemical:
中文名称 2：
Chinese name 2:
英文名称 2：
English name 2:
技术说明书编码：
54
Code of technical instruction:
CAS No.：
7783- 06- 4
CAS No.:
分子式：
H2S
Molecular formula:
分子量：
34.08
Molecular weight:
第二部分：成分/组成信息
Section II: Composition/Information on Ingredients
有害物成分含量
CAS No.
Harmful ingredients Contents
硫化氢
2148878
Hydrogen Sulfide
第三部分：危险性概述
Section III: Risk Summary
危险性类别：
Hazard type:
侵入途径：
Route of entry:
本品是强烈的神经毒物，对粘膜有强烈刺激作用。急性中毒：短期内
吸入高浓度硫化氢后出现流泪、眼痛、眼内异物感、畏光、视物模糊、流
涕、咽喉部灼热感、咳嗽、胸闷、头痛、头晕、乏力、意识模糊等。部分
患者可有心肌损害。重者可出现脑水肿、肺水肿。极高浓度(1000mg/m3 以
健康危害：
上)时可在数秒钟内突然昏迷，呼吸和心跳骤停，发生闪电型死亡。高浓度
Health hazards:
接触眼结膜发生水肿和角膜溃疡。长期低浓度接触，引起神经衰弱综合征
和植物神经功能紊乱。
The product is highly neurotoxic and strongly irritant to mucous
membrane. Acute poisoning: Acute toxicity: inhalation of high
说明书目录
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concentration of hydrogen sulfide in a short period will cause lacrimation,
sore eyes, foreign body sensation in eyes, photophobia, blurred vision,
burning sensation in throat, cough, chest distress, headache, dizziness,
lack of strength and unconsciousness. It may cause cardiac damage to
some patients. Severe patients will suffer cerebral edema or pulmonary
edema. Extremely high concentration (1000mg/m3 or above) of
hydrogen sulfide will cause sudden coma within just several
seconds, with sudden stoppage of respiration and heartbeat and result
in lightning death. Edema and corneal ulcer will be resulted from when
eye conjunctiva contacts with high concentration of such product. Long-
term contact of low concentration of such product will cause
neurasthenic syndrome and vegetative nerve functional disturbance.
对环境有危害，对水体和大气可造成污染。
环境危害：
The product is hazardous to the environment and may pollute the water
Environmental hazards:
and the air.
燃爆危险：本品易燃，具强刺激性。
Combustion and explosion hazards: The product is flammable and strongly irritant.
第四部分：急救措施
Section IV: First- aid measures
皮肤接触：
Contact with skin:
立即提起眼睑，用大量流动清水或生理盐水彻底冲洗至少 15 分钟。就医
眼睛接触：。
Contact with eyes: Lift up the eyelids immediately with fingers and wash them with a lot of
clean running water or normal saline thoroughly for 15 minutes at least.
Seek medical advice.
迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。如呼吸困难，给输氧。如
呼吸停止，立即进行人工呼吸。就医。
吸入：
Get away from contaminated area to fresh air.Keep the respiratory tract
Intake:
unobstructed. Conduct oxygen therapy in case of dyspnea. If breathing
stops, carry out artificial respiration immediately. Seek medical advice.
食入：
Ingestion:
第五部分：消防措施
Section V: Firefighting Measures
易燃，与空气混合能形成爆炸性混合物，遇明火、高热能引起燃烧爆炸。
与浓硝酸、发烟硝酸或其它强氧化剂剧烈反应，发生爆炸。气体比空气重，
能在较低处扩散到相当远的地方，遇火源会着火回燃。
危险特性： The product is flammable. The mixture of hydrogen sulfide and air is
Hazardous characteristics: explosive. The product will burn and explode when exposed to open
flame or high heat. It will drastically react with concentrated nitric acid,
fuming nitric acid or other strong oxidant and explode. Its weight is
heavier than air thus it can be diffused to a place rather far away at a
lower position; it will be back- fired when exposed to a fire.
有害燃烧产物：氧化硫。
Hazardous combustion products: Sulfur oxide.
消防人员必须穿全身防火防毒服，在上风向灭火。切断气源。若不能切断
气源，则不允许熄灭泄漏处的火焰。喷水冷却容器，可能的话将容器从火场
移至空旷处。灭火剂：
Fire fighters must wear full body protective antitoxic clothing, to
灭火方法：
extinguish fire in the windward direction. Cut off ignition source. If the
Extinguishing methods:
gas source cannot be cut off, do not put out flame at the leakage
position. Spray water to cool the vessels, if possible, move the vessels
from the fireground to an open area. Extinguishing agent: 雾状水、抗溶
性泡沫、干粉。Water spray, water- resistant foam and dry power.
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第六部分：泄漏应急处理
Section VI: Accidental Release Measures
迅速撤离泄漏污染区人员至上风处，并立即进行隔离，小泄漏时隔离
150m，大泄漏时隔离 300m，严格限制出入。切断火源。从上风处进入现场
。尽可能切断泄漏源。合理通风，加速扩散。喷雾状水稀释、溶解。构筑
围堤或挖坑收容产生的大量废水。如有可能，将残余气或漏出气用排风机
送至水洗塔或与塔相连的通风橱内。或使其通过三氯化铁水溶液，管路装
止回装置以防溶液吸回。漏气容器要妥善处理，修复、检验后再用。
Evacuate people in the leakage contaminated zone to the upwind
position quickly, isolate immediately (150m isolation for slight leakage
and 300m isolation for severe leakage), and strictly control the access.
应急处理： Cut off the fire source. 建议应急处理人员戴自给正压式呼吸器，穿防静电
Emergency handling: 工作服。Emergency treatment personnel are recommended to wear
positive pressure breathing apparatuses and anti- static work suits.
Enter the site from upwind position. Cut off the source of leakage as far
as possible. Perform ventilation to a reasonable extent to accelerate
diffusion. Sprinkle spray water for dilution and dissolution. Collect the
large amount of waste water with dike or trench. If possible, transfer
residual gas or leaked gas with exhaust blower to scrubber or the fume
cupboard connecting with the scrubber. Alternatively, pass it through
ferric chloride aqueous solution, and install non- return device on
the pipeline to prevent suck the solution back. Properly deal with the
vessels subject to air leakage and repair and examine them for recycle.
第七部分：操作处置与储存
Section VII: Handling and Storage
严加密闭，提供充分的局部排风和全面通风。操作人员必须经过专门培训，
严格遵守操作规程。建议操作人员佩戴过滤式防毒面具（半面罩），戴化
学安全防护眼镜，穿防静电工作服，戴防化学品手套。远离火种、热源，
工作场所严禁吸烟。使用防爆型的通风系统和设备。防止气体泄漏到工
作场所空气中。避免与氧化剂、碱类接触。在传送过程中，钢瓶和容器必
须接地和跨接，防止产生静电。搬运时轻装轻卸，防止钢瓶及附件破损。
配备相应品种和数量的消防器材及泄漏应急处理设备。
Provide strict sealing, sufficient local exhaust ventilation and general
ventilation. The operator must receive special training and strictly
操作注意事项：
comply with the operation specifications. Operator is recommended
Operation cautious: to wear filter- type protective gas mask (half mask), chemical safety
glasses, anti- static clothing and chemicals- proof gloves. Keep far
away from fire and heat source; smoking is prohibited at the work site.
Use explosion- proof ventilation system and equipment. Gas shall not
leak to work sites, Avoid contact with oxidants and alkali. In the
transportation process, steel cylinder and vessel must be grounded and
bridged, to prevent generation of static electricity. Upload and download
the hydrogen cylinders gently to avoid damage to the cylinder and
accessories. Fire fighting equipment and leakage emergency treatment
equipment, with corresponding variety and quantity, shall be provided.
储存于阴凉、通风的库房。远离火种、热源。库温不宜超过 30℃。保持容
器密封。应与氧化剂、碱类分开存放，切忌混储。采用防爆型照明、通风
设施。禁止使用易产生火花的机械设备和工具。储区应备有泄漏应急处理
设备。
储存注意事项： Storage in a cool and ventilated warehouse. They shall be kept away
Storage cautious: from sources of fire and heat. Warehouse temperature shall not exceed
30oC. The containers shall be kept sealed. Store separately from
oxidants and alkalis. Do not mix. Explosion- proof lighting and
ventilation facilities shall be used. It is prohibited to use mechanical
equipment and tools that are likely to generate sparks. The storage area
说明书目录
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shall be provided with emergency treatment equipment for leakage.
第八部分：接触控制/个体防护
Section VIII:Contact Control / Individual Protection
职业接触限值
Occupational Exposure Limit (OEL)
中国 MAC(mg/m3)：
10
China MAC (mg/m3):
前苏联 MAC(mg/m3)：
10
Former Soviet Union MAC (mg/m3):
OSHA 20ppm,28mg/m3[上限值]; ACGIH 10ppm,14mg/m3
TLVTN：
OSHA 20ppm,28mg/m3[upper limit value]; ACGIH 10ppm,14mg/m3
TLVWN： ACGIH 15ppm,21mg/m3
监测方法：硝酸银比色法
Monitoring method: Silver nitrate colorimetric method
严加密闭，提供充分的局部排风和全面通风。提供安全淋浴和洗眼设备。
工程控制：
Engineering control:
ventilation. Safe showering and eye- washing facilities shall be provided.
空气中浓度超标时，佩戴过滤式防毒面具（半面罩）。紧急事态抢救或撤
离时，建议佩戴氧气呼吸器或空气呼吸器。
呼吸系统防护： Relevant persons must wear filter- type respirators (half-face) when
Protection of respiratory system: the product concentration in air exceeds the standard. Wear an oxygen
respirator or air respirator in the event of emergency rescue or
evacuation.
眼睛防护：戴化学安全防护眼镜。
Protection of eyes: Wear safety goggles.
身体防护：Protection of body: 穿防静电工作服。
Wear anti- static clothing.
手防护：戴防化学品手套。
Protection of hands: Wear chemicals- proof gloves.
工作现场禁止吸烟、进食和饮水。工作完毕，淋浴更衣。及时换洗工作服
。作业人员应学会自救互救。进入罐、限制性空间或其它高浓度区作业，
须有人监护。
其他防护： Smoking, eating, and drinking at work places are prohibited. Relevant
Other protection: operators shall shower and change clothes after work. Change
and wash workwear in time. Operator shall know self and mutual rescue
skills. Accompanied personnel are required to enter the tank area,
restricted space or areas with high concentration for work.
第九部分：理化特性
Part IX: Physicochemical properties
主要成分：纯品
Main ingredients: Pure
外观与性状：无色、有恶臭的气体。
Appearance and property Colorless and fetid gas.
pH：
pH:
熔点(℃)：
- 85.5
Melting point (°C):
沸点(℃)：
- 60.4
Boiling point (°C):
相对密度(水=1)：无资料
Relative density (water=1) N/A
相对蒸气密度(空气=1)：
1.19
Relative vapor density (air=1):
饱和蒸气压(kPa)： 2,026.5(25.5℃)
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Saturated vapor pressure (kPa):
燃烧热(kJ/mol)：无资料
Combustion heat (kJ/mol): N/A
临界温度(℃)：
100.4
Critical temperature (°C):
临界压力(MPa) ：
9.01
Critical pressure (MPa)
辛醇/水分配系数的对数值：
无资料
Log value of octanol/water distribution
N/A
coefficient:
闪点(℃)：无意义
Flash point (°C): Not applicable
引燃温度(℃)：
260
Ignition temperature (°C)：
爆炸上限%(V/V)：
46
Upper explosive limit%(V/V):
爆炸下限%(V/V)：
4
Lower explosive limit%(V/V):
溶解性：溶于水、乙醇。
Dissolvability: Dissolvable in water and ethanol.
主要用途：用于化学分析如鉴定金属离子。
Main applications: For chemical analysis, e.g. identification of metal ion.
其它理化性质：
Other physical and chemical properties:
第十部分：稳定性和反应活性
Section X: Stability and Reactivity
稳定性：
Stability:
禁配物：强氧化剂、碱类。
Prohibited materials: Strong oxidants and alkali
避免接触的条件：
Conditions for avoiding contact:
聚合危害：
Polymerization hazard:
分解产物：
Decomposition product:
第十一部分：毒理学资料
Section XI: Toxicological Information
LD50：无资料
急性毒性： LD50: N/A
Acute toxicity: LC50：618 mg/m3(大鼠吸入)
618 mg/m3 (inhalation of rat)
亚急性和慢性毒性：
Subacute and chronic toxicity:
刺激性：
Irritation:
致敏性：
Allergenicity:
致突变性：
Mutagenicity:
致畸性：
Teratogenicity:
致癌性：
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Carcinogenicity :
第十二部分：生态学资料
Section XII: Ecological Information
生态毒理毒性：
Ecological toxicology and toxicity
生物降解性：
Biological degradability:
非生物降解性：
Non- biological degradability:
生物富集或生物积累性：
Biological concentration or biological
accumulation:
该物质对环境有危害，应注意对空气和水体的污染。
其它有害作用：
The product is hazardous to the environment and therefore the water
Other hazardous effects:
and the air shall be protected from its pollution.
第十三部分：废弃处置
Section XIII: Disposal
废弃物性质：
Waste characteristics:
用焚烧法处置。焚烧炉排出的硫氧化物通过洗涤器除去。
废弃处置方法：
Incineration. Sulfur oxides exhausted by incinerator shall be eliminated
Waste handling method:
by scrubber.
废弃注意事项：
Waste cautions:
第十四部分：运输信息
Section XIV: Transport Information
危险货物编号：
21006
Hazardous goods No.:
UN 编号：
1053
UN No.:
包装标志：
Package mark:
包装类别：
O52
Package type:
钢质气瓶；磨砂口玻璃瓶或螺纹口玻璃瓶外普通木箱；安瓿瓶外普通木箱
包装方法：。
Steel bottle; ground glass stoppered bottle or thread glass stoppered
Package method:
bottle encased with general wooden box; ampoule bottle encased with
general wooden box.
铁路运输时应严格按照铁道部《危险货物运输规则》中的危险货物配装表
进行配装。采用刚瓶运输时必须戴好钢瓶上的安全帽。钢瓶一般平放，并
应将瓶口朝同一方向，不可交叉；高度不得超过车辆的防护栏板，并用三
角木垫卡牢，防止滚动。运输时运输车辆应配备相应品种和数量的消防器
材。装运该物品的车辆排气管必须配备阻火装置，禁止使用易产生火花的
机械设备和工具装卸。严禁与氧化剂、碱类、食用化学品等混装混运。夏
运输注意事项：季应早晚运输，防止日光曝晒。中途停留时应远离火种、热源。公路运输
Transportation cautions: 时要按规定路线行驶，禁止在居民区和人口稠密区停留。铁路运输时要禁
止溜放。
This product shall be handled in strict accordance with the table for
handling of dangerous goods in Code for Transportation of Dangerous
Goods of the Ministry of Railways upon railway transport. The safety
helmets for steel cylinders must be positioned securely on the cylinders
to be transported. The steel cylinders should be placed horizontally in
general; all cylinder openings shall face toward the same
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direction, without intersection; height of the cylinders shall not exceed
protective fences of vehicles, and triangular wood pads shall be used to
fix the cylinders to avoid rolling. Transport vehicles shall be provided with
corresponding firefighting facilities of appropriate types and quantity.
Exhaust pipes of such vehicles must be provided with fire-retardant
devices; the mechanical equipment and tools which are easy to
generate sparks shall not be used for handling. Mixed loading and
transport with oxidants, alkali, and edible chemicals are prohibited. The
above cylinders shall be transported in the morning and the evening in
summer to avoid sunlight exposure. Transport vehicles shall be parked
away from ignition sources and heat sources when they are stopped in
midway. The transport vehicles shall follow the specified route during
highway transportation, and not stay in residential areas or densely
populated districts. Humping is strictly prohibited in railway
transportation.
第十五部分：法规信息
Section XV:Regulatory Information
化学危险物品安全管理条例 (1987 年 2 月 17 日国务院发布)，化学危险物
品安全管理条例实施细则 (化劳发[1992] 677 号)，工作场所安全使用化学
品规定 ([1996]劳部发 423 号)等法规，针对化学危险品的安全使用、生产
、储存、运输、装卸等方面均作了相应规定；常用危险化学品的分类及标
志 (GB 13690- 92)将该物质划为第 2.1 类易燃气体。
Regulations on Safety Management of Hazardous Chemicals (issued by
法规信息 the State Council on February 17, 1987), Detailed Rules for the
Regulatory Information Implementation of the Regulations on Safety Management of Hazardous
Chemicals (HLF [1992] No. 677), Regulations on Safety Use of
Chemicals in Workplace ([1996] LBF No. 423) and other laws stipulate
the safety use, production, storage, transportation, loading and
unloading of hazardous chemicals. The substance is classified as Class
2.1 flammable gas by Classification and Labels of Dangerous Chemical
Substances Commonly Used (GB 13690- 92).
第十六部分：其他信息
Section XVI: Other Information
参考文献：安全文化网 http://www.anquan.com.cn/msds/
Bibliography: Safety culture website: http://www.anquan.com.cn/msds/
填表部门：
Filled by:
数据审核单位：
Data review unit:
修改说明：
Amendment description:
其他信息：
Other information:
10.3.1.2 硫——化学品安全技术说明书
Sulfur -Technical Instructions for Chemical Safety
表10-2 硫——化学品安全技术说明书
Table 10-2 Sulfur - Technical Instructions for Chemical Safety
硫——化学品安全技术说明书
Sulfur - Technical Instructions for Chemical Safety
说明书目录
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Section I Name of Chemical Section IX Physicochemical properties
说明书目录
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成分/组成信息
第二部分第十部分稳定性和反应活性
Compositions/information of
Section II Section X Stability and reaction activity
components
接触控制/个体防护
第八部分第十六部分其他信息
Contact control/individual
Section VIII Section XVI Other Information
protection
Section I:Names of Chemicals
化学品中文名称：硫
化学品英文名称： sulfur
中文名称 2：硫磺
Chinese name 2: Sulfur
英文名称 2：
English name 2:
技术说明书编码： 483
CAS No.： 7704- 34- 9
CAS No.:
分子式： S
Molecular formula:
分子量： 32.06
Molecular weight:
Section II:Composition/Information on Ingredients
CAS No.
硫
7704- 34- 9
Sulfur
Part III: Hazard Overview
危险性类别：
Hazard type:
侵入途径：
Route of entry:
健康危害：因其能在肠内部分转化为硫化氢而被吸收，故大量口服可致硫化氢中毒。急性
Health hazards: 硫化氢中毒的全身毒作用表现为中枢神经系统症状，有头痛、头晕、乏力、呕
吐、共济失调、昏迷等。本品可引起眼结膜炎、皮肤湿疹。对皮肤有弱刺激性
。生产中长期吸入硫粉尘一般无明显毒性作用。
Sulfur can be absorbed upon conversion into H2S in the in the intestines,
thus much sulfur taken orally will cause H2S poisoning.Acute H2S poisoning
shows physical symptom of central nervous system, including headache,
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dizziness, weakness, vomit, ataxia, and coma.The chemical may cause
conjunctivitis to the eyes and eczema to the skin.The chemical has weak
irritation to the skin.Long- term intake of sulfur dust in production generally
has no obvious toxic effect.
环境危害：
燃爆危险：本品易燃。
Combustion and explosion hazards: The product is inflammable.
皮肤接触：脱去污染的衣着，用肥皂水和清水彻底冲洗皮肤。
Contact with skin: Take off the contaminated clothes and wash the skin thoroughly with
soapy water and clean water.
眼睛接触：提起眼睑，用流动清水或生理盐水冲洗。就医。
Contact with eyes: Lift up the eyelids slightly with fingers and wash them with clean
running water or normal saline. Seek medical advice.
吸入：迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。如呼吸困难，给输氧。如呼吸
Intake: 停止，立即进行人工呼吸。就医。
Get away from contaminated area to fresh air.Keep the respiratory tract
unobstructed. Conduct oxygen therapy in case of dyspnea. If breathing
stops, carry out artificial respiration immediately. Seek medical advice.
食入：饮足量温水，催吐。就医。
Ingestion: Drink enough warm water and promote emesis. Seek medical advice.
危险特性：与卤素、金属粉末等接触剧烈反应。硫磺为不良导体，在储运过程中易产生静
Hazardous characteristics: 电荷，可导致硫尘起火。粉尘或蒸气与空气或氧化剂混合形成爆炸性混合物。
The chemical will be in sharp reaction upon contact with halogen and metal
powder.Sulfur is of poor conductivity, and is easy to generate static charge
during storage and transportation to cause ignite sulfur powder.Explosive
mixture will be formed by sulfur powder or steam mixed with air or oxidizing
agent.
灭火方法：遇小火用砂土闷熄。遇大火可用雾状水灭火。切勿将水流直接射至熔融物，以
Extinguishing methods: 免引起严重的流淌火灾或引起剧烈的沸溅。消防人员须戴好防毒面具，在安全
距离以外，在上风向灭火。
Put out small fire with sandy soil.Put out big fire with atomized water.Do not
jet water to melt directly to avoid serious fire accident by flow or sharp
boiling.Firemen shall wear gas mask and put out fire in upwind direction
beyond safe distance.
应急处理：隔离泄漏污染区，限制出入。切断火源。建议应急处理人员戴防尘面具（全面
Emergency handling: 罩），穿一般作业工作服。不要直接接触泄漏物。小量泄漏：避免扬尘，用
洁净的铲子收集于干燥、洁净、有盖的容器中，转移至安全场所。大量泄漏：
用塑料布、帆布覆盖。使用无火花工具收集回收或运至废物处理场所处置。
Segregate the leakage contaminated zone and control the access. Cut off
the fire source. It is suggested that emergency handling personnel wear dust
mask (full mask) and common work clothes for operation.Do not touch the
leakage directly. The small amount of leakage: Avoid dust, and collect
leakage by clean shovel into dry and clean vessel with cover, and then
transfer the leakage to a safe place.The large amount of leakage: Cover
leakage with plastic cloth and canvas.Collect, recover or carry leakage
to waste disposal area with spark- free tools for disposal.
说明书目录
Catalog
操作注意事项：密闭操作，局部排风。操作人员必须经过专门培训，严格遵守操作规程。建议
Operation cautious: 操作人员佩戴自吸过滤式防尘口罩。远离火种、热源，工作场所严禁吸烟。使
用防爆型的通风系统和设备。避免产生粉尘。避免与氧化剂接触。搬运时要轻
装轻卸，防止包装及容器损坏。配备相应品种和数量的消防器材及泄漏应急处
理设备。倒空的容器可能残留有害物。
Operation in enclosed space with local ventilation.The operator must receive
special training and strictly comply with the operation specifications. It is
suggested that operators wear self- absorption filtre dust mask.Keep far
away from fire and heat source; smoking is prohibited at the work site. Use
explosion- proof ventilation system and equipment. Avoid producing dust.
Avoid contact with oxidants. Handling in a gentle manner to prevent
damages to packaging and containers.Fire fighting equipment and leakage
emergency treatment equipment, with corresponding variety and quantity,
shall be provided. Check the empty containers for any harmful residues.
储存注意事项：储存于阴凉、通风的库房。远离火种、热源。包装密封。应与氧化剂分开存放，
Storage cautious: 切忌混储。采用防爆型照明、通风设施。禁止使用易产生火花的机械设备和工
具。储区应备有合适的材料收容泄漏物。
Storage in a cool and ventilated warehouse. They shall be kept away from
sources of fire and heat. Pack chemicals tightly.Mixed storage with oxidants
is prohibited. Explosion-proof lighting and ventilation facilities shall be used.
It is prohibited to use mechanical equipment and tools that are likely to
generate sparks. Proper materials to house the leaked substances should be
prepared in the storage area.
Section VIII: Contact Control / Individual Protection
职业接触限值
中国 MAC(mg/m3)：未制定标准
China MAC (mg/m3): N/A
前苏联 MAC(mg/m3)： 6
TLVTN：未制定标准
N/A
TLVWN：未制定标准
N/A
监测方法：
Monitoring method:
工程控制：密闭操作，局部排风。
Engineering control: Operation in enclosed space with local ventilation.
呼吸系统防护：一般不需特殊防护。空气中粉尘浓度较高时，佩戴自吸过滤式防尘口罩。
Protection of respiratory system: Generally require no special protection.Wear self- absorption filter dust
mask in case of high dust concentration in the air.
眼睛防护：一般不需特殊防护。
Protection of eyes: Generally require no special protection.
身体防护：穿一般作业防护服。
Protection of body: Wear common protective clothes for operation.
手防护：戴一般作业防护手套。
Protection of hands: Wear common protective gloves for operation.
其他防护：工作现场禁止吸烟、进食和饮水。工作完毕，淋浴更衣。注意个人清洁卫生。
Other protection: Smoking, eating, and drinking at work places are prohibited. Relevant
operators shall shower and change clothes after work. Pay attention to
personal sanitation and hygiene.
说明书目录
Catalog
Part IX:Physicochemical properties
外观与性状：淡黄色脆性结晶或粉末，有特殊臭味。
Appearance and property Brittle crystal or powder in light yellow and with special odor.
pH：
pH:
熔点(℃)： 119
沸点(℃)： 444.6
相对密度(水=1)： 2.0
Relative density (water=1)
相对蒸气密度(空气=1)：无资料
Relative vapor density (air=1): N/A
饱和蒸气压(kPa)： 0.13 (1,810.8°C)
燃烧热(kJ/mol)：无资料
Combustion heat (kJ/mol): N/A
临界温度(℃)： 1,040
临界压力(MPa)： 11.75
Critical pressure (MPa):
辛醇/水分配系数的对数值：无资料
Log value of octanol/water distribution N/A
coefficient:
引燃温度(℃)： 232
爆炸上限%(V/V)：无资料
Upper explosive limit%(V/V): N/A
爆炸下限%(V/V)： 35mg/m3
溶解性：不溶于水，微溶于乙醇、醚，易溶于二硫化碳。
Dissolvability: Insoluble in water, slightly soluble in ethyl alcohol and ether, and soluble in
carbon disulfide.
主要用途：用于制造染料、农药、火柴、火药、橡胶、人造丝、医药等。
Main applications: Manufacturing dye, pesticide, match, gunpowder, rubber, rayon, and
medicine.
稳定性：
Stability:
禁配物：强氧化剂。
Prohibited materials: Strong oxidants
聚合危害：
说明书目录
Catalog
分解产物：
急性毒性： LD50：无资料
Acute toxicity: N/A
LC50：无资料
N/A
刺激性：
Irritation:
致敏性：
Allergenicity:
致突变性：
Mutagenicity:
致畸性：
Teratogenicity:
致癌性：
Carcinogenicity :
生物降解性：
accumulation:
其它有害作用：无资料。
Other hazardous effects: Not available
废弃物性质：
废弃处置方法：
Waste handling method:
Waste cautions:
危险货物编号： 41501
UN 编号： 1350
UN No.:
包装标志：
Package mark:
包装类别： O53
Package type:
包装方法：两层塑料袋或一层塑料袋外麻袋、塑料编织袋、乳胶布袋；塑料袋外复合塑料
Package method: 编织袋（聚丙烯三合一袋、聚乙烯三合一袋、聚丙烯二合一袋、聚乙烯二合一
说明书目录
Catalog
袋）；螺纹口玻璃瓶、铁盖压口玻璃瓶、塑料瓶或金属桶（罐）外普通木箱；
螺纹口玻璃瓶、塑料瓶或镀锡薄钢板桶（罐）外满底板花格箱、纤维板箱或胶
合板箱。
Two layers of plastic bags or a layer of jute bag, plastic woven bag or latex
cloth bag outside plastic bag; composite plastic woven bag (polypropylene
three- in- one bag, polyethylene three- in- one bag, polypropylene
two- in- one bag, and polyethylene two- in- one bag); common wood box
outside glass bottle with screw thread, glass bottle with iron cover, or metal
bucket (tank); through open crate, fiber box or plywood box outside glass
bottle with screw thread, plastic bottle or tinned steel sheet bucket (tank).
运输注意事项：硫磺散装经铁路运输时：限在港口发往收货人的专用线或专用铁路上装车；
Transportation cautions: 装车前托运人需用席子在车内衬垫好；装车后苫盖自备蓬布；托运人需派人押
运。运输时运输车辆应配备相应品种和数量的消防器材及泄漏应急处理设备。
装运本品的车辆排气管须有阻火装置。运输过程中要确保容器不泄漏、不倒塌
、不坠落、不损坏。严禁与氧化剂等混装混运。运输途中应防曝晒、雨淋，防
高温。中途停留时应远离火种、热源。车辆运输完毕应进行彻底清扫。铁路运
输时要禁止溜放。
During railway transportation of sulfur in bulk:Sulfur shall be loaded in private
line or railway to the consignee at the port; the consignor shall line mat in
the wagon before loading, cover the wagon with its own tarpaulin after
loading, and assign persons for escort.In transportation the transport
vehicles shall be equipped with firefighting equipment and leakage
emergency treatment equipment with the corresponding variety and quantity.
Flame retardant device shall be set for exhaust pipes of transport vehicles for
sulfur.In the transportation process, it must be ensured the containers are
free of leakage, collapse, falling and damage.Mixed loading and
transport with oxidants are prohibited. Measures for prevention of exposure
to sunlight, rain and high temperature shall be taken during the transportation
process. Transport vehicles shall be parked away from ignition sources and
heat sources when they are stopped in midway. Vehicles shall be cleaned
thoroughly after transportation.Humping is strictly prohibited in railway
transportation.
法规信息化学危险物品安全管理条例 (1987 年 2 月 17 日国务院发布)，化学危险物品安
Regulatory Information 全管理条例实施细则 (化劳发[1992] 677 号)，工作场所安全使用化学品规定
([1996]劳部发 423 号)等法规，针对化学危险品的安全使用、生产、储存、运
输、装卸等方面均作了相应规定；常用危险化学品的分类及标志 (GB
13690-92)将该物质划为第 4.1 类易燃固体。
Corresponding provisions on the safety use, production, storage,
transportation, loading and unloading of hazardous chemicals are specified
in Administrative Regulations on the Safety of Hazardous Chemicals
(promulgated by the State Council on February 17, 1987), Detailed Rules for
the Implementation of Administrative Regulations for the Safety of
Hazardous Chemicals (H.L.F. [1992] No. 677) and Provisions for Safety Use
of Chemicals at Workplaces ([1996] L.B.F. No. 423); the substance is
classified as category-4.1 inflammable solid in accordance with the
Classification and Signs for Common Hazardous Chemicals ((GB 13690-92).
填表部门：
Filled by:
说明书目录
Catalog
Data review unit:
修改说明：
其他信息：
Other information:
10.3.1.3 二氧化硫——化学品安全技术说明书
Sulfur Dioxide - Technical Instruction for Chemical Safety
表10-3 二氧化硫——化学品安全技术说明书
Table 10-3 sulfur dioxide - technical instruction for chemical safety
二氧化硫——化学品安全技术说明书
说明书目录
Catalog
成分/组成信息
components
protection
化学品中文名称：二氧化硫
化学品英文名称： sulfur dioxide
中文名称 2：亚硫酸酐
Chinese name 2: Sulphurous anhydride
英文名称 2：
English name 2:
技术说明书编码： 41
CAS No.： 7446- 09- 5
CAS No.:
分子式： SO2
Molecular formula:
分子量： 64.06
Molecular weight:
说明书目录
Catalog
CAS No.
二氧化硫
≥99.9％ 7446- 09- 5
Sulfur dioxide
Section III: Risk Summary
危险性类别：
Hazard type:
侵入途径：
Route of entry:
健康危害：易被湿润的粘膜表面吸收生成亚硫酸、硫酸。对眼及呼吸道粘膜有强烈的刺激
Health hazards: 作用。大量吸入可引起肺水肿、喉水肿、声带痉挛而致窒息。急性中毒：轻
度中毒时，发生流泪、畏光、咳嗽，咽、喉灼痛等；严重中毒可在数小时内发
生肺水肿；极高浓度吸入可引起反射性声门痉挛而致窒息。皮肤或眼接触发生
炎症或灼伤。慢性影响：长期低浓度接触，可有头痛、头昏、乏力等全身症状
以及慢性鼻炎、咽喉炎、支气管炎、嗅觉及味觉减退等。少数工人有牙齿酸蚀
症。
SO2 is easy to be absorbed by wet mucosa surface to generate sulphurous
acid and sulfuric acid.SO2 has strong irritation to the eyes and mucosa of
respiratory tract.Large amount inhalation may cause suffocation by
pneumonedema, laryngeal edemia and vocal cord spasm.Acute poisoning:
Mild intoxication may cause lacrimation, photophobia, cough, and causalgia of
pharynx and larynx; serious intoxication may cause pneumonedema in several
hours; high-concentration inhalation may cause suffocation by reflexive glottis
spasm.Contact with the skin or eyes may cause inflammation or burn.Chronic
effect is Long- term contact with low- concentration SO2 may cause
headache, dizziness, weakness and other general symptoms, chronic rhinitis,
faucitis, bronchitis, and hyposmia and hypogeusia.A few workers will suffer
from dental erosion.
环境危害：对大气可造成严重污染。
Environmental hazards: SO2 may cause serious atmospheric pollution.
燃爆危险：本品不燃，有毒，具强刺激性。
Combustion and explosion hazards: Non- ignitable, toxic, strong irritation.
皮肤接触：立即脱去污染的衣着，用大量流动清水冲洗。就医。
Contact with skin: Take off contaminated clothes and wash with large amount of clean
flowing water.Seek medical advice.
眼睛接触：提起眼睑，用流动清水或生理盐水冲洗。就医。
Contact with eyes: Lift up the eyelids slightly with fingers and wash them with clean running water
or normal saline. Seek medical advice.
吸入：迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。如呼吸困难，给输氧。如呼吸
Intake: 停止，立即进行人工呼吸。就医。
Get away from contaminated area to fresh air. Keep the respiratory tract
unobstructed. Conduct oxygen therapy in case of dyspnea. If breathing stops,
carry out artificial respiration immediately. Seek medical advice.
食入：
Ingestion:
危险特性：不燃。若遇高热，容器内压增大，有开裂和爆炸的危险。
Hazardous characteristics: Non- ignitable.Internal pressure of container may increase when it is subjected
to high heat, and this may cause cracking and explosion.
说明书目录
Catalog
灭火方法：本品不燃。消防人员必须佩戴过滤式防毒面具(全面罩)或隔离式呼吸器、穿全身
Extinguishing methods: 防火防毒服，在上风向灭火。切断气源。喷水冷却容器，可能的话将容器从火场
移至空旷处。灭火剂：雾状水、泡沫、二氧化碳。
The product is non- ignitable. Firemen shall wear filter gas mask (full-face
mask) or isolated respirator and one- piece fireproof antitoxic clothes,
and put out fire in upwind direction.Cut off ignition source. Spray water to cool
the vessels, if possible, move the vessels from the fireground to an open area.
Extinguishing agent: Atomized water, foam and carbon dioxide.
应急处理：迅速撤离泄漏污染区人员至上风处，并立即进行隔离，小泄漏时隔离 150m，大
Emergency handling: 泄漏时隔离 450m，严格限制出入。建议应急处理人员戴自给正压式呼吸器，穿
防毒服。从上风处进入现场。尽可能切断泄漏源。用工业覆盖层或吸附/ 吸收剂
盖住泄漏点附近的下水道等地方，防止气体进入。合理通风，加速扩散。喷雾
状水稀释、溶解。构筑围堤或挖坑收容产生的大量废水。如有可能，用一捉捕
器使气体通过次氯酸钠溶液。漏气容器要妥善处理，修复、检验后再用。
Evacuate personnel out of leakage pollution area to upwind direction quickly,
and isolate site promptly; isolate 150m in case of small- scale leakage,
isolate 450m in case of large- scale leakage, and control access
strictly.Emergency treatment personnel are recommended to wear positive
pressure breathing apparatus and toxicity- insulation suits. Enter the site
from upwind position. Cut off the source of leakage as far as possible. Cover
sewer, etc. nearby leakage points with industrial coating or absorbent to
prevent gas intrusion.Perform ventilation to a reasonable extent to accelerate
diffusion. Sprinkle spray water for dilution and dissolution. Collect the large
amount of waste water with dike or trench. Lead gas through sodium
hypochlorite solution with a trap if possible.Properly deal with the vessels
subject to air leakage and repair and examine them for recycle.
操作注意事项：严加密闭，提供充分的局部排风和全面通风。操作人员必须经过专门培训，严
Operation cautious: 格遵守操作规程。建议操作人员佩戴自吸过滤式防毒面具（全面罩），穿聚乙
烯防毒服，戴橡胶手套。远离易燃、可燃物。防止气体泄漏到工作场所空气中
。避免与氧化剂、还原剂接触。搬运时轻装轻卸，防止钢瓶及附件破损。配备
泄漏应急处理设备。
ventilation. The operator must receive special training and strictly comply with
the operation specifications. It is suggested that operators wear wear self-
absorption filter gas mask (full- face mask), polyethylene antitoxic
clothes and rubber gloves.Keep away from inflammables and combustibles.
Gas shall not leak to work sites, Avoid contact with oxidizing agent and
reducing agent.Upload and download the hydrogen cylinders gently to avoid
damage to the cylinder and accessories. Leakage emergency treatment
equipment shall be provided.
储存注意事项：储存于阴凉、通风的库房。远离火种、热源。库温不宜超过 30℃。应与易（可）
Storage cautious: 燃物、氧化剂、还原剂、食用化学品分开存放，切忌混储。储区应备有泄漏应
急处理设备。
Storage in a cool and ventilated warehouse.They shall be kept away from
sources of fire and heat. Warehouse temperature shall not exceed 30oC.
Store the product separately from inflammables (combustibles), oxidizing
agents, reducing agents and edible chemicals rather than mixed storage.The
storage area shall be provided with emergency treatment equipment for
leakage.
说明书目录
Catalog
Part VIII: Contact Control/Individual Protection
职业接触限值
中国 MAC(mg/m3)： 15
China MAC (mg/m3):
前苏联 MAC(mg/m3)： 10
TLVTN： OSHA 5ppm,13mg/m3; ACGIH 2ppm,5.2mg/m3
OSHA 5ppm, 13mg/m3; ACGIH 2ppm, 5.2mg/m3
TLVWN： ACGIH 5ppm,13mg/m3
ACGIH 5ppm, 13mg/m3
监测方法：盐酸副玫瑰苯胺比色法；甲醛缓冲液-盐酸副玫瑰苯胺分光光度法
Monitoring method: HROML colorimetric method; methanal buffer solution- HROML
spectrophotometric method
工程控制：严加密闭，提供充分的局部排风和全面通风。提供安全淋浴和洗眼设备。
Engineering control: Provide strict sealing, sufficient local exhaust ventilation and general
ventilation. Safe showering and eye- washing facilities shall be
provided.
呼吸系统防护：空气中浓度超标时，佩戴自吸过滤式防毒面具（全面罩）。紧急事态抢救
Protection of respiratory system: 或撤离时，建议佩戴正压自给式呼吸器。
Wear self- absorption filter gas mask (full- face mask) in case
concentration in the air exceeds limit.It is suggested to wear positive-
pressure self- supporting respirator in case of emergency rescue
or evacuation.
眼睛防护：呼吸系统防护中已作防护。
Protection of eyes: This part is included in the protection of respiratory system.
身体防护：穿聚乙烯防毒服。
Protection of body: Wear polyethylene antitoxic clothes.
手防护：戴橡胶手套。
Protection of hands: Wear rubber gloves.
其他防护：工作现场禁止吸烟、进食和饮水。工作完毕，淋浴更衣。保持良好的卫生
Other protection: 习惯。
Smoking, eating, and drinking at work places are prohibited. Relevant
operators shall shower and change clothes after work. Keep good
hygiene habits.
主要成分：含量: 工业级一级≥99.9％; 二级≥99.0％。
Main ingredients: Content:Industrial level I≥99.9%; level II≥99.0%.
外观与性状：无色气体，刺激性气味。
Appearance and property Colorless gas with irritating odor.
pH：
pH:
熔点(℃)： - 75.5
沸点(℃)： - 10
相对密度(水=1)： 1.43
相对蒸气密度(空气=1)： 2.26
饱和蒸气压(kPa)： 338.42 (21.1°C)
说明书目录
Catalog
燃烧热(kJ/mol)：无意义
Combustion heat (kJ/mol): Not applicable
临界温度(℃)： 157.8
辛醇/水分配系数的对数值：无资料
Log value of octanol/water distribution N/A
coefficient:
引燃温度(℃)：无意义
Ignition temperature (°C)： Not applicable
爆炸上限%(V/V)：无意义
Upper explosive limit%(V/V): Not applicable
爆炸下限%(V/V)：无意义
Lower explosive limit%(V/V): Not applicable
溶解性：溶于水、乙醇。
Dissolvability: Dissolvable in water and ethanol.
主要用途：用于制造硫酸和保险粉等。
Main applications: Manufacturing sulfuric acid and sodium dithionite.
稳定性：
Stability:
禁配物：强还原剂、强氧化剂、易燃或可燃物。
Prohibited materials: Strong reducing agent, strong oxidant, inflammable or combustible.
聚合危害：
分解产物：
Part XI: Toxicological Data
急性毒性： LD50：无资料
Acute toxicity: LD50: N/A
LC50：6600mg/m3，1 小时(大鼠吸入)
LC50: 6,600mg/m3, 1h (inhalation by rat)
刺激性：家兔经眼：6ppm/4 小时/32 天，轻度刺激。
Irritation: Eye contact by rabbit: 6ppm/4h/32 days, mile irritation.
致敏性：
Allergenicity:
致突变性：
Mutagenicity:
致畸性：
Teratogenicity:
致癌性：
Carcinogenicity :
说明书目录
Catalog
生物降解性：
accumulation:
其它有害作用：该物质可严重污染大气，由其形成的酸雨对植物的危害尤为严重。
Other hazardous effects: The substance may pollute the atmosphere seriously, and acid rain
formed by the substance has serious hazard to plants.
废弃物性质：
废弃处置方法：把废气通入纯碱溶液中，加次氯酸钙中和，然后用水冲入废水系统。
Waste handling method: Lead waste gas into pure alkaline solution, add calcium hypochlorite for
neutralization, and then discharge it into waste water system with water.
Waste cautions:
UN 编号： 1079
UN No.:
包装标志：
Package mark:
包装类别： O52
Package type:
包装方法：钢质气瓶；安瓿瓶外普通木箱。
Package method: Steel cylinders; ampoules in the ordinary wooden box.
运输注意事项：本品铁路运输时限使用耐压液化气企业自备罐车装运，装运前需报有关部
Transportation cautions: 门批准。铁路运输时应严格按照铁道部《危险货物运输规则》中的危险货
物配装表进行配装。采用刚瓶运输时必须戴好钢瓶上的安全帽。钢瓶一般
平放，并应将瓶口朝同一方向，不可交叉；高度不得超过车辆的防护栏板，
并用三角木垫卡牢，防止滚动。严禁与易燃物或可燃物、氧化剂、还原剂
、食用化学品等混装混运。夏季应早晚运输，防止日光曝晒。公路运输时
要按规定路线行驶，禁止在居民区和人口稠密区停留。铁路运输时要禁止
溜放。
This product shall be transported by the pressure- resistant tank
trucks of the enterprise that are suitable for transport of liquefied gas;
and the transport shall be approved by relevant departments before
implementation. This product shall be handled in strict accordance with
the table for handling of dangerous goods in Code for Transportation
of Dangerous Goods of the Ministry of Railways upon railway transport.
The safety helmets for steel cylinders must be positioned securely on the
cylinders to be transported. The steel cylinders should be placed
horizontally in general; all cylinder openings shall face toward the same
direction, without intersection; height of the cylinders shall not exceed
protective fences of vehicles, and triangular wood pads shall be used to
说明书目录
Catalog
fix the cylinders to avoid rolling. It is strictly prohibited to mix the
substance with inflammables, combustibles, oxidizing agents, reducing
agents and edible chemicals for transportation.The above cylinders shall
be transported in the morning and the evening in summer to avoid
sunlight exposure. The transport vehicles shall follow the specified route
during highway transportation, and not stay in residential areas or
densely populated districts. Humping is strictly prohibited in railway
transportation.
法规信息化学危险物品安全管理条例 (1987 年 2 月 17 日国务院发布)，化学危险物
Regulatory Information 品安全管理条例实施细则 (化劳发[1992] 677 号)，工作场所安全使用化学
品规定 ([1996]劳部发 423 号)等法规，针对化学危险品的安全使用、生产
、储存、运输、装卸等方面均作了相应规定；常用危险化学品的分类及标
志 (GB 13690-92)将该物质划为第 2.3 类有毒气体；剧毒物品分级、分类
与品名编号(GA 57- 93)中，该物质的液化或压缩品被划为第一类 A 级无
机剧毒品。
Corresponding provisions on the safety use, production, storage,
transportation, loading and unloading of hazardous chemicals are
specified in Administrative Provisions for the Safety of Hazardous
Chemicals (promulgated by the State Council on February 17,
1987), Detailed Rules for the Implementation of Administrative
Provisions for the Safety of Hazardous Chemicals (H.L.F. [1992] No.
677) and Provisions for Safety Use of Chemicals at Workplaces ([1996]
L.B.F. No. 423); the substance is classified as category-2.3 toxic gas in
accordance with the Classification and Signs for Common Hazardous
Chemicals ((GB 13690- 92); the substance is classified as type- I
class-A inorganic highly toxic substance in accordance with the
Gradation, Classification and Product Numbering for Highly Toxic
Substance (GA 57- 93).
填表部门：
Filled by:
Data review unit:
修改说明：
其他信息：
Other information:
10.3.1.4 氢气——化学品安全技术说明书
Hydrogen - MSDS
表10-4 氢气——化学品安全技术说明书
Table 10-4 hydrogen -msds
氢气——化学品安全技术说明书
Hydrogen -MSDS
说明书目录
Catalog
Hydrogen -MSDS
说明书目录
Catalog
第二部分成分/组成信息第十部分稳定性和反应活性
Section II Compositions/information of components Section X Stability and reaction activity
第八部分接触控制/个体防护第十六部分其他信息
Section VIII Contact control/individual protection Section XVI Other Information
化学品中文名称：氢
化学品英文名称： hydrogen
中文名称 2：
Chinese name 2:
英文名称 2：
English name 2:
技术说明书编码：
CAS No.： 1333- 74- 0
CAS No.:
分子式： H2
Molecular formula:
分子量： 2.01
Molecular weight:
Section II:Composition/Information on Ingredients
CAS No.
工业级 H2≥98.0%；纯
H2≥99.99%；高纯 H2≥99.999%
。 1333- 74- 0
Industrial H2≥98.0%; pure
H2≥99.99%; high- purity
H2≥99.999%.
Section III:Risk Summary
危险性类别：第 2.1 类易燃气体
Hazard type: Catetory- 2.1 inflammable gas
侵入途径：吸入
Route of entry: Intake
健康危害：本品在生理学上是惰性气体，仅在高浓度时，由于空气中氧分压降
Health hazards: 低才引起窒息。在很高的分压下，氢气可呈现出麻醉作用
It is inert gas in physiology, and causes suffocation only at high
concentration which will lead to reduction of oxygen partial
pressure in the air. With a high partial pressure, narcotism of
Hydrogen -MSDS
说明书目录
Catalog
hydrogen will be represented.
环境危害：
燃爆危险：
Combustion and explosion hazards:
皮肤接触：
Contact with skin:
眼睛接触：
Contact with eyes:
吸入：吸入：迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。如呼吸
Intake: 困难，给输氧。如呼吸停止，立即进行人工呼吸。就医。
Intake: Get away from contaminated area to fresh air. Keep
the respiratory tract unobstructed. Conduct oxygen therapy in
case of dyspnea. If breathing stops, carry out artificial respiration
immediately. Seek medical advice.
食入：
Ingestion:
危险特性：危险特性：与空气混合能形成爆炸性混合物，遇热或明火即会
Hazardous characteristics: 发生爆炸。气体比空气轻，在室内使用和储存时，漏气上升滞留屋
顶不易排出，遇火星会引起爆炸。氢气与氟、氯、溴等卤素会剧烈
反应。
Hazardous characteristics: Explosive mixture can be formed by
the substance mixed with air, and explosion will be caused in
case of heat or open fire.Hydrogen as a gas is lighter than air. In
case of leakage during using or storage in rooms, hydrogen will
go up to the roof and is not easy to discharge and will cause
explosion when met with sparks. Hydrogen will react with fluorine,
chlorine and bromine violently.
有害燃烧产物：
Hazardous combustion products:
灭火方法：危险特性：与空气混合能形成爆炸性混合物，遇热或明火即会发生
Extinguishing methods: 爆炸。气体比空气轻，在室内使用和储存时，漏气上升滞留屋顶不
易排出，遇火星会引起爆炸。氢气与氟、氯、溴等卤素会剧烈反应
。
case of heat or open fire. Hydrogen as a gas is lighter than air. In
应急处理：迅速撤离泄漏污染区人员至上风处，并立即隔离 150m，严格限制
Emergency handling: 出入。切断火源。建议应急处理人员戴自给正压式呼吸器，穿防静
电工作服。尽可能切断泄漏源。合理通风，加速扩散。高浓度泄漏
区，喷含盐酸的雾状水中和、稀释、溶解。构筑围堤或挖坑收容产
生的大量废水。如有可能，将残余气或漏出气用排风机送至水洗塔
Hydrogen -MSDS
说明书目录
Catalog
或与塔相连的通风橱内。储罐区最好设稀酸喷洒设施。漏气容器要
妥善处理，修复、检验后再用。
Quickly evacuate persons in the leakage pollution area to
the windward side. The area not more than 150 m away from the
leakage area shall be isolated immediately. Carry out isolation
and strictly impose restrictions on coming in and going out. Cut off
the fire source. Emergency treatment personnel are
recommended to wear positive pressure breathing apparatuses
and anti- static work suits. Cut off the source of leakage as far as
possible. Perform ventilation to a reasonable extent to accelerate
diffusion. Sprinkle the spray water with hydrochloric acid in the
leakage area subjected to high concentration for neutralization,
dilution, and dissolution. Collect the large amount
of waste water with dike or trench. If possible, transfer residual
gas or leaked gas with exhaust blower to scrubber or the fume
cupboard connecting with the scrubber. It would be better to set
diluted- acid spraying facilities in storage tank area. Properly
deal with the vessels subject to air leakage and repair and
examine them for recycle.
操作注意事项：严加密闭，提供充分的局部排风和全面通风。操作人员必须经过专
Operation cautious: 门培训，严格遵守操作规程。建议操作人员佩戴过滤式防毒面具（半
面罩），戴化学安全防护眼镜，穿防静电工作服，戴橡胶手套。远
离火种、热源，工作场所严禁吸烟。使用防爆型的通风系统和设备
。防止气体泄漏到工作场所空气中。避免与氧化剂、酸类、卤素接
触。搬运时轻装轻卸，防止钢瓶及附件破损。配备相应品种和数量
的消防器材及泄漏应急处理设备。
Provide strict sealing, sufficient local exhaust ventilation and
general ventilation. The operator must receive special training
and strictly comply with the operation specifications. Operator is
recommended to wear filter- type protective gas mask (half
mask), chemical safety glasses, anti- static clothing and
rubber gloves. Keep far away from fire and heat source; smoking
is prohibited at the work site. Use explosion- proof ventilation
system and equipment. Gas shall not leak to work sites, Avoid
contact with oxidants, acids, and halogens. Upload and download
the hydrogen cylinders gently to avoid damage to the cylinder and
accessories. Fire fighting equipment and leakage emergency
treatment equipment, with corresponding variety and quantity,
shall be provided.
储存注意事项：危险特性：与空气混合能形成爆炸性混合物，遇热或明火即会
Storage cautious: 发生爆炸。气体比空气轻，在室内使用和储存时，漏气上升滞留屋
顶不易排出，遇火星会引起爆炸。氢气与氟、氯、溴等卤素会剧烈
反应。
case of heat or open fire. Hydrogen as a gas is lighter than air. In
Part VIII: Contact Control/Individual Protection
职业接触限值
Hydrogen -MSDS
说明书目录
Catalog
中国 MAC(mg/m3)：未制定标准
China MAC (mg/m3): N/A
TLVTN：
TLVWN：
监测方法：
Monitoring method:
工程控制：密闭系统，通风，防爆电器与照明。
Engineering control: Closed system, ventilated, explosion-proof electrical appliance
and lighting.
呼吸系统防护：一般不需要特殊防护，高浓度接触时可佩戴空气呼吸器。
Protection of respiratory system: Generally, special protection is not required; relevant persons
must wear air breathing apparatus when the product
concentration in air exceeds the standard.
眼睛防护：一般不需特殊防护。
Protection of eyes: Generally require no special protection.
身体防护：穿防静电工作服。
Protection of body: Wear anti- static clothing.
手防护：戴一般作业防护手套。
Protection of hands: Wear common protective gloves for operation.
其他防护：工作现场严禁吸烟。避免高浓度吸入。进入罐、限制性空间或其它
Other protection: 高浓度区作业，须有人监护。
No somking on work site.Avoid high concentration of inhalation.
Accompanied personnel are required to enter the tank area,
restricted space or areas with high concentration for work.
主要成分：
Main ingredients:
外观与性状：
Appearance and property
pH：
pH:
熔点(℃)： - 259.2
沸点(℃)： - 252.8
相对密度(水=1)： 0.07(-252℃)
相对蒸气密度(空气=1)： 0.07
饱和蒸气压(kPa)： 13.33 (-257.9°C)
燃烧热(kJ/mol)： 241.0
Combustion heat (kJ/mol):
临界温度(℃)： - 240
Log value of octanol/water distribution coefficient:
Hydrogen -MSDS
说明书目录
Catalog
闪点(℃)：
Flash point (°C):
爆炸上限%(V/V)：
Upper explosive limit%(V/V):
爆炸下限%(V/V)：
溶解性：不溶于水，不溶于乙醇、乙醚。
Dissolvability: Insoluble in water, ethanol, and ether
主要用途：
Main applications:
稳定性：稳定
Stability: Stable
禁配物：
Prohibited materials:
聚合危害：不聚合
Polymerization hazard: No polymerization
分解产物：水
Decomposition product: Water
急性毒性：无数据。
Acute toxicity: No data.
刺激性：
Irritation:
致敏性：
Allergenicity:
致突变性：
Mutagenicity:
致畸性：
Teratogenicity:
致癌性：
Carcinogenicity :
生态毒理毒性：对环境无害。
Ecological toxicology and toxicity Environmentally sound
生物降解性：
Hydrogen -MSDS
说明书目录
Catalog
Biological concentration or biological accumulation:
废弃物性质：
废弃处置方法：根据国家和地方有关法规的要求处置。或与厂商或制造商联系，确
Waste handling method: 定处置方法。
Dispose in accordance with relevant national or local laws and
regulations. Or contact the manufacturer to determined disposal
methods.
Waste cautions:
UN 编号： 1049
UN No.:
包装标志： Ⅱ
Package mark:
包装类别： 4
Package type:
包装方法：钢质气瓶。
Package method: Steel cylinder
运输注意事项：
Transportation cautions:
Section XV: Regulatory Information
法规信息
Regulatory Information 剧毒物品分级、
中国现有化分类与品名编
学品名录号(GB57- 93) 危险货物品名
重大危险源辨识
组分化学名 Chinese Gradation, 表
Main risk
Chemical Chemical Classification (GB12268-90)
resources
name of Inventory of and Product Name list of
identification
component Existing Numbering for hazards GB 18218-2000
Chemical Highly Toxic (GB12268-90)
Substances Substance
(GB 57-93)
生产场所 1T
Producing
氢气
有不适用 Place 1T
Hydrogen 21001
Yes Inapplicable 储存区 10T
1333-74-0
Storage zone
10T
参考文献：
Bibliography:
填表部门：
Filled by:
Hydrogen -MSDS
说明书目录
Catalog
Data review unit:
修改说明：
其他信息：
Other information:
10.3.1.5 成型机钢带隔离剂 ——化学品安全技术说明书
Separant for Steel Tape of Forming Machine -Technical Instructions for
Chemical Safety
表10-5 成型机钢带隔离剂——化学品安全技术说明书
Table 10-5 separant for steel tape of forming machine - technical instructions for chemical
safety
成型机钢带隔离剂——化学品安全技术说明书
Separant for Steel Tape of Forming Machine - Technical Instructions for Chemical Safety
说明书目录
Catalog
成分/组成信息
components
protection
Section I: Names of Chemicals
化学品中文名称：成型机钢带专用隔离剂
化学品英文名称：
中文名称 2：
Chinese name 2:
英文名称 2：
English name 2:
技术说明书编码： HLD-JL-03-02
CAS No.：
CAS No.:
分子式：
Molecular formula:
说明书目录
Catalog
分子量：
Molecular weight:
有害物成分含量(%)
CAS No
Harmful ingredients Content (%)
YGL- 04 成型机钢带隔离剂
无
Separant for steel tape of YGL- 04 >68
None
forming machine
Section III:Risk Summary
危险性类别：无
Hazard type: None
侵入途径：吸入、食入、经皮吸收
Route of entry: Inhalation, eating, absorption from the skin
健康危害：本品可与皮肤接触，但不能长期接触，长期接触可引起干燥、脱脂现象。
Health hazards: The substance can contact with the skin, but shall not for long- term
contact to prevent dry skin and degreasing.
环境危害：本品具有粘滑性，若洒在地面上可能易使操作人员滑倒。
Environmental hazards: The substance is sticky and slippery, and operators may slip if the
substance is on the ground.
燃爆危险：本品不易燃烧、无刺激性、为非食用品。
Combustion and explosion hazards: The substance is non- combustible, free of irritation, and refers to non-
edible product.
皮肤接触：用清水冲洗干净。
Contact with skin: Wash with clean water.
眼睛接触：用清水冲洗，大量进入眼睛需就医。
Contact with eyes: Wash with clean water, and see the doctor in case of large- amount
contact in the eyes.
吸入：迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处，保持呼吸通畅。
Intake: Leave site and go to a place with fresh air quickly, and keep breathing
unobstructed.
食入：饮足量温水催呕、就医。
Ingestion: Drink enough warm water to facilite vomit, and see the doctor.
危险特性：本品不易燃烧、不易爆炸、无刺激性。
Hazardous characteristics: The substance is non-combustible, non-explosive, and free of irritation.
有害燃烧产物：无
Hazardous combustion products: None
灭火方法：隔离措施，将容器从火场中移至空旷处，切断火源。
Extinguishing methods: Take isolation measures, move vessels from fire site to an open space, and
cut off fire source.
应急处理：此物质发生泄漏采取用水冲洗，用锯沫子铺盖等清扫措施，防止滑倒。
Emergency handling: In case of leakage, wash with water, and cover and clean with sawdust to
prevent slipping.
操作注意事项：操作人员应尽量穿戴防滑手套，尽可能不洒落地面及非使用部位。
说明书目录
Catalog
Operation cautious: Operators shall wear slip- proof gloves, and prevent scattering the
substance on the ground and non- service positions.
储存注意事项：存放时，应尽量放在阴凉处，防止暴晒。塑料桶应远离火种、热源。工作场
Storage cautious: 所严禁烟火。
Store the substance in shady place without direct sunshine.Keep plastic
buckets away from kindling and heat sources.Smoking is strictly prohibited
in workplace.
Section VIII: Contact Control / Individual Protection
职业接触限值
中国 MAC(mg/m3)：
China MAC (mg/m3):
TLVTN：
TLVWN：
监测方法：气相色谱法
Monitoring method: Gas chromatographic method
工程控制：密闭操作，局部通风。
Engineering control: Operation in enclosed space with local ventilation.
呼吸系统防护：无需。
Protection of respiratory system: Unnecessary.
眼睛防护：无需。
Protection of eyes: Unnecessary.
身体防护：穿工作服。
Protection of body: Wear work clothes.
手防护：戴乳胶手套。
Protection of hands: Wear latex gloves.
其他防护：工作现场严禁吸烟。
Other protection: No somking on work site.
外观与性状：乳白色液体。
Appearance and property Milk white liquid.
pH： 6~8
pH:
熔点(℃)： - 5℃相对密度（水=1)： 0.95~ 1.05
Melting point (°C): - 5°C relative density (water=1):
沸点(℃)： 95~99
相对密度(水=1)：
相对蒸气密度(空气=1)：
饱和蒸气压(kPa)：
燃烧热(kJ/mol)：
Combustion heat (kJ/mol):
临界温度(℃)：
说明书目录
Catalog
临界压力(MPa)：
Log value of octanol/water distribution
coefficient:
闪点(℃)：无
Flash point (°C): None
爆炸上限%(V/V)：无
Upper explosive limit%(V/V): None
爆炸下限%(V/V)：无
Lower explosive limit%(V/V): None
溶解性：易溶于水，能溶于乙醇、乙醚等多数有机溶剂。
Dissolvability: Soluble in water, and soluble in most of organic solvents, including ethyl
alcohol and ethyl ether.
主要用途：石油、化工行业。
Main applications: Petroleum and chemical industry.
稳定性：稳定
Stability: Stable
禁配物：强酸。
Prohibited materials: Strong acid.
避免接触的条件：强光长时间照射
Conditions for avoiding contact: Long- term exposure under strong light
聚合危害：不发生。
Polymerization hazard: No polymerization.
分解产物：二氧化碳、水。
Decomposition product: Carbon dioxide and water.
急性毒性：无
Acute toxicity: None
亚急性和慢性毒性：无
Subacute and chronic toxicity: None
刺激性：无
Irritation: None
致敏性：
Allergenicity:
致突变性：
Mutagenicity:
致畸性：
Teratogenicity:
致癌性：
Carcinogenicity :
生态毒理毒性：该物质对环境无大危害。
Ecological toxicology and toxicity The substance is free of major hazard to the environment.
说明书目录
Catalog
生物降解性：
accumulation:
废弃物性质： □危险废物□工业固态废物
Waste characteristics: □ Hazardous waste□ industrial solid waste
废弃处置方法：回收
Waste handling method: Recovery
废弃注意事项：处理废弃物质应依照国家有关规定，切随意废弃，防燃爆和对生态切勿造成
Waste cautions: 危害。
Waste shall be disposed in accordance with related national provisions
rather than discarded at will to prevent combustion, explosion and hazard to
ecological environment.
危险货物编号：无
Hazardous goods No.: None
UN 编号：无
UN No.: None
包装标志：
Package mark:
包装类别：散装
Package type: In bulk
包装方法：采用塑料桶或铁桶包装。
Package method: Packaging with plastic bucket or iron bucket.
运输注意事项：防强光长时间照射。与禁忌物分运。防止撞击，轻搬运。
Transportation cautions: Prevent long-term exposure under strong light.Separate from prohibited
substance in transportation.Prevent collision and carry gently.
法规信息国务院于 1987 年 2 月 17 日发布的《化学危险物品安全管理条例》。《常用
Regulatory Information 危险化学品的分类及标志》（GB13690- 1992）。
Administrative Regulations on the Safety of Hazardous Chemicals
promulgated by the State Council on February 17, 1987.Classification and
Signs for Common Hazardous Chemicals (GB 13690- 1992).
吴海霞主编的《精细化学品化学》。
Chemistry for Fine Chemicals with editor- in- chief of Wu Haixia.
周国泰、张海峰主编的《危险化学品安全技术全书》辽宁
参考文献： Technical Instructions for Chemical Safety issued in Liaoning with
Bibliography: editors-in-chief of Zhou Guotai and Zhang Haifeng
省分析测试研究中心第 0201110292 号检验报告。
No. 0201110292 Inspection Report of Provincial Analysis, Test and R&D
Center.
填表部门：
Filled by:
说明书目录
Catalog
Data review unit:
修改说明：
其他信息：
Other information:
10.4 本装置其他职业病危害知识（粉尘、噪声、高温、射线）
Other Occupational Hazards (Dust, Noise, High Temperature and Ray)
10.4.1 生产性粉尘
Industrial Dust
(1) 生产性粉尘的定义：是指在生产过程中产生的、能较长时间飘浮在空气中
的固体微粒。
Definition of industrial dust: Industry dust is solid particles that are generated in the
process of production and can float in air for a long time.
(2) 决定生产性粉尘危害的主要因素：
Key factors of industrial dust hazards
粉尘对人体的危害程度取决于其化学成分和浓度。粉尘中游离二氧化硅含
量愈高，对人体的危害愈大。另外，粉尘的粒径愈小和颗粒愈多，分散度
愈高，在空气中悬浮的时间愈长，被人体吸入的机会就愈多，其危害也就
愈大。
The hazard of dust to the human body depends on its chemical components and
concentration. The higher the free silicon dioxide content in dust is, the greater the
harm to human is. The hazard gets worse with the decrease of dust particle size
and the increase of number of particles, dispersity, time of suspending in air or
probability of inhalation.
(3) 生产性粉尘的致病作用：
Pathogenesis of industrial dust
a) 皮肤、黏膜、上呼吸道的刺激作用：吸入的生产性粉尘首先进行
入呼吸道刺激呼吸道黏膜，使黏膜毛细血管扩张，黏液分泌增加粉尘
的阻留作用。
Irritation effects on skin, mucous membrane and the upper respiratory tract.
The industrial dust inhaled first goes into the respiratory tract and irritates
mucous membrane of it. This expands capillaries of the mucous membrane
and the mucus secretion makes more dust retained.
b) 非特异性炎症反应：长期吸入大量粉尘可损伤呼吸道黏膜，使黏膜上
皮细胞增生肥大，黏液分泌增加。因此，接尘工作人员的慢性支气管
炎是常见的与职业有关的疾病。
Non-specific inflammation reaction: Long-term inhalation of considerable dust
can damage the mucous membrane of respiratory tracts to make mucosal
epithelial cells hyperplastic and hypertrophy, and to increase mucus secretion.
Therefore, chronic bronchitis of the staff exposed to dust is an common
occupational disease.
c) 特异性炎症反应：主要是有机粉尘中带有细菌或真菌，可引起肺真菌
病。
Specific inflammation reaction: The main reaction is that the organic dust with
bacteria or fungus can cause pulmonary mycosis.
d) 致纤维化作用：尘肺是长期吸入矿物性粉尘引起的，以肺组织纤维化
病变为主的一类全身性疾病的统称。
Fibrosis causing effect: The pneumoconiosis is caused by the long- term
inhalation of mineral dust. It is the general term of systemic diseases mainly
based on fibrotic lesions of the lung tissue.
e) 致癌作用：石棉粉尘可引起支气管肺癌和间皮瘤，放射性矿物质粉尘
可致肺癌。
Carcinogenesis: The asbestos dust can cause bronchial carcinoma and
mesothelioma, and the radioactive mineral dust can cause lung cancer.
f) 致敏作用：许多有机粉尘可引起支气管哮喘，是典型的变态反应性疾
病。
Sensitization: A large amount of organic dust can cause bronchial
asthma which is a typical allergic disorder.
g) 中毒作用：吸入铅、锰、砷等毒物性粉尘可引起全身性中毒。
Poisoning: The inhalation of toxic dust including lead, manganese and arsenic
can cause systemic poisoning.
(4) 职业接触限值：
Occupational exposure limit:
本岗位粉尘种类的职业接触限值。
Occupational exposure limits for dust categories on the post
(5) 防护要点：
Protection points：
进入粉尘作业场所，需佩戴过滤式防尘呼吸器具或防尘口罩。普通口罩严
禁作为防尘（防毒）口罩使用。
People entering the dust workplace shall wear filter type dustproof respirators or
dust masks. It is forbidden to use general-purpose masks as dust (gas) masks.
10.4.2 生产性噪声
Industrial Noise
(1) 生产性噪声的定义：是指生产过程中产生的一切声音。

Definition of industrial noise Industry noise refers to sounds generated in the
process of production.
(2) 决定生产性粉尘危害的主要因素：
Key factors of industrial dust hazards
生产性噪声危害的发生和程度主要决定于噪声强度、接触噪声时间、噪声
的频率及频谱特性、接触者的敏感性等因素。
The occurrence and degree of industrial noise hazard largely depends on noise
intensity, noise exposure duration, noise frequency and spectral characteristic, and
sensitivity of exposed persons.
(3) 生产性噪声的危害：
Industrial noise hazard
生产性噪声达到一定强度时成为危害因素，对人体危害突出表现在对听觉
器官和听力的损伤上。分为职业性听为损伤以及噪声耳聋，后者属于法定
职业病之一。此外，生产性噪声对某些接触者的神经系统、心血管系统、
生殖系统和消化系统也会产生一定的损害。
Industrial noise could become a hazard factor when it has certain intensity. The
prominent hazard to the human body is auditory organ injury and hearing
impairment which can be classified into occupational hearing impairment and noise
induced deafness (the latter is a prescript occupational disease).Industrial noise
could also cause certain impairment of nervous system, cardiovascular system,
reproductive system and digestive system of some exposed persons.
表10-6 职业接触限值表
Table 10-6 table of occupational exposure limit (oel)
日接触噪声时间卫生限值[dB（A) ]
Daily Noise Exposure Duration Health Limit [dB(A)]
8 小时 85
8 hours
4 小时 88
4 hours
日接触噪声时间卫生限值[dB（A) ]
Daily Noise Exposure Duration Health Limit [dB(A)]
2 小时 91
2 hours
1 小时 94
1 hour
30 分钟 97
30 minutes
15 分钟 100
15 minutes
7.5 分钟 103
7.5 minutes
任何时间都不得超过 115 分贝
115 dB shall not be exceeded at any time.
(5) 个人防护要点：
Personal protection points
进入超标作业场所，需佩戴防噪声耳塞。
Enter the workplace full of noise beyond the standard with noise protecting ear
plugs.
10.4.3 高温
High Temperature
(1) 高温作业的定义：是指工作场所有生产性热源，其散热量大于23w/m3·h

或84kJ/m3·h的装置；或当室外实际出现本地区夏季通风室外计算温度时，
工作场所的气温高室外2℃或2℃以上的作业场所。
Definition of high- temperature operation: High temperature operation refers
to working at workplace where there is an industrial heat source with the heat
dissipation rate greater than 23w/m3·h or 84kJ/m3·h at a workplace; or the
temperature at a workplace is 2 ℃ or more higher than the outdoor
temperature, when actual local outdoor temperature reaches the summer
ventilation calculation temperature.
(2) 高温的危害：
High-temperature hazard
高温作业使人体产生一系列的生理改变，当机体获热与产热大于散热时体
温升高，因大量出汗造成机体严重缺水和缺盐、心脏负荷加重、心率增加
、血压下降、食欲减退、消化不良，严重时不可导致中暑。
High-temperature operation could cause a series of physiological changes to the
human body. When the volume of the heat gained and produced by the body is
larger than the heat dissipation volume, the body temperature will rise.
Subsequently, the profuse sweating may result in severe water and salt deficiency,
cardiac stress increase, heart rate increase, fall of blood pressure, loss of appetite
and what is worse, heatstroke.
当室外实际出现的气温等于本地区夏季通风室外计算温度时(兰州地区为
29℃)，装置内作业地带的空气温度应符合下列要求：
In case actual outdoor air temperature is equal to outdoor calculated temperature
in ventilation in summer of this region (29°C for Lanzhou), air temperature in
operation zone in the unit shall meet the following requirements:
表10-7 职业接触限值表
Table 10-7 table of occupational exposure limit (oel)
作业场所国家卫生标准
Workplace National health standards
散热量＜23W/m3·h 室内外温差<3℃
Heat dissipation rate ＜ 23W/m3·h Indoor-outdoor temperature
difference < 3℃
散热量 23- 116W/m3·h 室内外温差<5℃
有生产性热源
Heat dissipation rate 23- 116W/m3·h Indoor-outdoor temperature
With industrial heat source
difference < 5℃
散热量＞116W/m3·h 室内外温差<7℃
Heat dissipation rate ＞ 116W/m3·h Indoor-outdoor temperature
difference < 7℃
无生产性热源室内外温差<3℃
Without industrial heat source Indoor-outdoor temperature
difference < 3℃
(4) 个人防护要点：
Personal protection points
及时补充水份和盐分。并注意少量多饮。
Supply water and salt in time.Drink a small amount of them for many times.
10.4.4 辐射
Radiation
(1) 辐射的定义：
Definition of radiation:
辐射：是能量传递的一种方式，按辐射能量的大小和能否引起作用物质
的分子电离，辐射可以分为电离辐射和非电离辐射。
Radiation: Radiation, a way of energy transfer, can be divided into ionizing
radiation and non-ionizing radiation, according to the quantity of radiant energy
and whether or not molecular ionization can be caused to substances influenced by
it.
电离辐射：凡是与物质直接或间接作用时能使用物质电离的射线就是电
离辐射。如：α射线、β射线、γ射线、X射线等。
Ionizing radiation: It refers to the ray which can cause materials ionize when
directly or indirectly reacting with them. Such as α ray, β ray, γ ray, and X ray.
非电离辐射：指不能使物质电离，如：紫外线、红外线、射频辐射、微波
、激光等。
Non-ionizing radiation: it refers to the radiation that cannot ionize substance, such
as ultraviolet ray, infrared ray, radio-frequency radiation, microwave, laser, etc.
(2) 决定辐射对人体健康影响的主要因素：
Main factors which are decisive for radiation’s effects on human health:
a) 辐射种类、辐射剂量。
Radiation categories and radiation dose
b) 人体的辐射敏感性。
Radiation sensitivity of human
(3) 辐射对人体健康的影响：
Influence of radiation on human health:
辐射不仅可引起近期损伤，还可诱发过期效应，而远期危害又往往导致可
怕的癌症和遗传疾病。
Radiation can not only cause the recent damage, but also induce overdue effect.
The long-term harm often leads to terrible cancer and genetic diseases.
a) 近期损伤：作用全身，引起急慢性放射病；作用于生殖腺、红骨髓、
眼晶体、皮肤等相应造成生育能力受损，造血机能障碍、白内障和急
慢性皮肤病。
Short-term damage: Effects on the whole body and cause acute or chronic
radiation diseases. Effects on genital gland, red marrow, ocular lens, skin and
so on and correspondingly cause impaired fertility, hematopoietic dysfunction,
cataract, and acute or chronic dermatosis.
b) 远期危害：具有致癌性、遗传效应、胚胎效应。如：白血病、皮肤癌
、死产、畸形、发育障碍等。
Long-term harm: Possess carcinogenicity, genetic effect, and embryo effect.
Forexample, leukemia, skin cancer, stillbirth, malformation and
maldevelopment.
任何放射工作人员，在正常情况下的职业照射水平应不超过以下限值：
Occupational exposure level in normal conditions shall not exceed the following
limit for any radiation worker:
50mSP/年或20µGy/小时
50mSP/year or 20µGy/h
10.4.5 急救知识
First-aid Knowledge
10.4.5.1 中毒急救知识
First-aid Knowledge on Poisoning
1. 发生人员中毒事故，应一方面迅速报警，另一方面组织力量扑救。打电话
报警，气防电话：内线电话“117”，外线电话7966177，炼油内线电话120：
外线电话7935120电话接通后，情绪要镇静，要讲清人员中毒地点、中毒
人数、中毒程度，何种物质中毒，以便气防和卫生部门派出相应的医疗救
援力量。
When a poisoning accident occurs, report to the police promptly on the one hand,
organize firefighting and rescue work on the other hand. Call polices, with gas
protection telephone: internal telephone number “117”, external telephone number
7966177 and internal telephone number in refining unit area 120: After the external
phone 7935120 is connected, stay calm and clearly introduce the place, number of
people got poisoned, degree of poisoning, toxic species for the convenience of Gas
Protection Department and Health Department to send corresponding medical
rescue forces.
2. 救护者应做好个人防护，带好防毒面具，穿好防护衣；
Rescuers shall do well in self- protection, wear gas masks and protection
clothing.
3. 切断毒物来源，关闭地漏管道阀门，堵加盲板；
Cut off sources of the poison, close valves of funnel pipeline and increase blinds to
block those valves.
4. 采取有效措施防止毒物继续侵入人体，应尽快将中毒人员脱离现场，移至
新鲜空气处，松解患者颈、胸部纽扣和腰带，以保持呼吸畅通，同时要注
意呆暖和保持安静，严密注意患者神志，呼吸状态和循环状态等。
Take effective measures to prevent the poison from keeping invading the body.
Move poisoned personnel from the site exposed to the poison to the place with
fresh air as soon as possible. Unfasten buttons laying on the neck and chest of
poisoned personnel and release their belts to keep them breathing smoothly. At the
same time, keep quiet and warm for poisoned personnel, and closely pay attention
to their consciousness, breath state, circulation state and more.
5. 尽快制止工业毒物继续进入体内，并设法排除已注入人体内的毒物，消除
和中和进入体内的毒物作用。
Stop the industrial poison entering the body as soon as possible, try to remove the
poison which has injected the body, and eliminate and neutralize the poison which
already inside of body.
6. 迅速脱去被污染的衣服、鞋袜、手套等，立即彻底清洗被污染的皮肤，冲
洗时间要求15—30分钟，如毒物系水溶性，现场无中和剂，可用大量水冲
洗，遇水能反应的则先用干布或其他能吸收液体的东西抹去粘染物，再用
水冲洗，对粘稠的毒物（如有机磷农药）可用大量肥皂水冲洗，尤其注意
皮肤皱折，毛发和指甲内的污染，较大面积冲洗，要注意防止着凉、感冒
。
Quickly remove contaminated clothes, shoes and socks, gloves, etc. and
thoroughly wash the contaminated skin immediately for required washing time of
15-30 minutes. For water- soluble poison, wash with a large quantity of water if
there is no neutralizer on site. For those which can react with water, wipe the
contamination with dry cloth or other things which can absorb liquid,
then wash with water. For the sticky poison (e.g., organ phosphorus
pesticide), wash it with a large amount of soapy water, especially paying attention
to contaminations in skin wrinkles, hair and nails. For large-area washing, attention
shall be paid to prevent catching a cold.
7. 毒物经口引起人体急性中毒，可用催吐和洗胃法。
In the case that the poison causes acute poisoning of human through the mouth,
the emetic therapy and gastro lavage can be adopted.
8. 促进生命器管功能恢复，可用人工呼吸法，胸外按压法。
To promote the recovery of life apparatus, artificial respiration and chest
compression can be adopted.
10.4.5.2 触电急救知识
First-aid on Electric Shock
1. 电对人体的危害
Harm of electricity to human:
a. 电伤：指电流对人体外部造成局部伤害，如电流引起人体外部的烧伤；
a. Electrical lesion: It refers to that local injuries which are caused by the electric
current to the external body, such as burns caused by the electric current to
the external body.
b. 电击伤：指电流通过人体内部，破坏人体心脏，肺部及神经系统的正
常动作，及至危及生命；
b. Electric shock wound: It refers to that the electric current goes through the
internal body to cause disorder to normal actions of human heart, lung and
nervous system, and even imperils lives.
c. 电损伤人体的变化：细胞内离子失衡，导致肌肉收缩、麻木，在高电
压下肌肉强烈收缩，组织发生病理性变化；
c. Changes of body caused by electric injuries: The ions inside cells get
imbalanced. This causes contraction and numbness of muscles. With high
voltage, the muscles contract strongly, and the organs get pathological
changes.
d. 临床表现：全身情况：神志清楚，机体抽搐麻木，有电灼伤；神志不
清楚，休克状态，心律失常，假死；局部情况:电弧灼、焦化、碳化。
Clinical manifestations: General symptoms: conscious in mind, tic and numb in
body, electric burn; inconscious in mind, shock, arrhythmia, and suspended
animation; local symptom, electric arc burn, coking, and carbonization.
2．触电急救：
Emergency rescue against electric shock:
a. 紧急处置：迅速拉开电源，使触电者迅速脱离触电状态；
a. Emergency treatment: Quickly move power supply away from personnel who
gets an electric shock to make him out of the state of shock.
b. 就地抢救：
b. Rescue on site:
轻微触电者：神志清楚，触电部位感到疼痛、麻木、抽搐，应使触电
者应地安静、舒适地躺下来，并注意观察；
The personnel who gets a slight electric shock: If the wounded has conscious
mind and feels pain, numb and convulsive at the parts suffering from an
electric shock, make him quiet, lie down him in comfort and keep an eye on
him.
中度触电者：有知觉且呼吸和心脏跳动还正常，瞳孔不放光，对光反
应存在，血压无明显变化，此时，应使触电者平卧，四周不要围人，
使空气流通，衣服解开，以利呼吸；
The wounded who gets a moderate electric shock: If the wounded has the feel,
normal breath and heartbeat, his pupil does not give off light, and he has the
existing pupillary light reflex and blood pressure without significant changes,
make him lie down and disperse people around him to let in fresh air. Lose his
clothes to make him breath smoothly.
重度触电者：触电者有假死现象。呼吸时快时慢，长短不一，深度不
等，贴心听不到心音，用手摸不到脉博，证明心脏停止跳动，此时应
马上不停地进行人工呼吸及胸外人工挤压，抢救工作不能间断，动作
应准确无误。
The wounded who gets a severe electric shock: The wounded who gets a
severe electric shock may appear suspended animation. In the case that he
breathes sometimes rapidly and sometimes slowly, with different lengths and
depths, his heart sounds cannot be heard and his pulses cannot be felt by
hands, his heart is proven to stop beating. At this moment, artificial respiration
and chest artificial compression shall be performed immediately and
ceaselessly. The rescue work shall not be discontinuous and the action shall
be accurate.
c. 触电急救法：可采用人工呼吸与心脏复苏方法。
c. Methods for electric shock first aid: Methods of artificial respiration and
resuscitation of heart can be adopted.
10.4.5.3 灼伤急救知识（烧伤、烫伤、化学灼伤、电弧灼伤）
First-aid Knowledge on Burning (burns, scalds, chemical burns and Arc
burns)
1．人员自保
Self-protection of personnel
a. 伤员应迅速脱离现场，及时消除致伤原因。
a. The wounded people shall quickly move away from the site and eliminate the
hazards causing injuries in time.
b. 处在浓烟中，应采用弯腰或匍匐爬行姿势。有条件的要用湿毛巾或湿
衣服捂住鼻子行走。
b. Bend over or crawl when moving ahead in dense smoke. Cover the
nose with wet towels and clothes if possible.
c. 楼下着火时，可通过附近的管道或固定物上拴绳子下滑；或关严门，
往门上泼水。
c. When downstairs catch fire, slip down through nearby pipeline or robes tied to
fixtures, or tightly close the door and pour water towards it.
d. 若身上着火应尽快脱去着火或沸液浸渍的衣服；如来不及脱着火衣服
时，应迅速卧倒，慢慢就地滚动以压灭火苗；如邻近有凉水，应立即
将受伤部位浸入水中，以降低局部温度。但切勿奔跑呼叫或用双手扑
打火焰，以免助长燃烧和引起头面部、呼吸道和双手烧伤。
When being fire, take off clothes which catch fire as soon as possible. If it is
too late to take off the clothes, lie down quickly and roll over slowly on site to
extinguish fire. If cold water is available nearby, immerse injured parts in water
immediately to reduce the temperature of these parts. Do not run to call for
rescue or use both hands to beat the flame so as to avoid improving
combustion and causing burns on the face, respiratory tract and hands.
2．现场救护
Rescue on site
a 烧伤急救就是采用各种有效的措施灭火，使伤员尽快脱离热源，尽量
缩短烧伤时间。
First aid on burns refers to that take effective measures to extinguish fire so
that the wounded can be moved away from heat sources as soon as possible
and the duration of burning can be reduced as much as possible.
b 对已灭火而未脱衣服的伤员必须仔细检查，检查全身状况和有无并合
损伤，电灼伤、火焰烧伤或高温气、水烫伤均应保持伤口清洁。伤员
的衣服鞋袜用剪刀剪开后除去。伤口全部用清洁布片覆盖，防止污染
。四肢烧伤时，先用清洁冷水冲洗，然后用清洁布片消毒纱布覆盖送
医院。
Carefully inspect the wounded which is rescued from fire but keeps clothes on
his body. The content for inspection includes conditions of the whole body and
compound injuries, electric burns, flame burns or scalds caused by high
temperatures and hot water. All of these wounds shall keep clean. Remove the
clothes, shoes and socks of the wounded after cutting them with scissors.
Cover all wounds with the clean cloth to prevent wounds from contamination.
When arms and legs are burnt, wash the wound with clean cold water and
then send the wounded to the hospital with the clean cloth and antiseptic
gauze covered on his wounds.
c 对爆炸冲击波烧伤的伤员要注意有无脑颅损伤，腹腔损伤和呼吸道损
伤。
For the wounded who is burnt by the explosion shock, inspect whether or not
he suffers from brain injuries, abdominal injuries and respiratory tract injuries.
d 烧毁的、打湿的、或污染的衣服除去后，应立即用三角巾、干净的衣
物被单覆盖包裹，冬天用干净单子包裹伤面后，再盖棉被。
Cover and wrap up with the scarf bandage, clean clothing and sheets after
removing clothes which are burnt out, wetted or polluted. In winter, the cotton
quilt shall be used after the wound surface is wrapped up by clean sheets.
e 强酸或碱等化学灼伤应立即用大量清水彻底冲洗，迅速将被侵蚀的衣
物剪去。为防止酸、碱残留在伤口内，冲洗时一般不少于10min。对创
面一般不做处理，尽量不弄破水泡，保护表皮。同时检查有无化学中
毒。
The chemical burns caused by strong acid, alkali or other chemical
substances shall be thoroughly washed with a large amount of clean water,
and the eroded clothing shall be removed immediately. To prevent the acid
and alkali residue from being left inside wounds, the time for washing wounds
can be at least 10 min in general. In general, the wound surface will not be
dealt with. Try not to break blisters and protect the skin. At the same time,
inspect whether or not there are symptoms caused by chemical poisoning.
f 对危重的伤员，特别是对呼吸、心跳不好或停止的伤员立即就地紧急
救护，待情况好转后再送医院。
On- site emergency care shall be delivered to the serious wounded whose
breath and heart beat are in a bad condition or has already stopped. Send him
to the hospital after his conditions are improved.
g 未经医务人员同意，灼伤部位不宜敷搽任何东西和药物。
It is inadvisable to apply any things and drugs to burn areas without the
permission of the medical staff.
h 送医院途中，可给伤员多次少量口服精盐水。
On the way to hospital, take a small amount of saline water orally
for wounded with several times.
10.4.5.4 创伤急救知识
First-aid Knowledge on Wound
1．人员自保
Self-protection of personnel
a. 若作业人员从高空坠落的紧急时刻，应立即将头前倾，下颌紧贴胸骨，
这一姿势应保持到身体被悬托为止。
At the very moment when falling from a great height, the workers need to lean
their heads forward immediately and to make their mandibles close to their
sternums. This position needs to be kept until the body is suspended.
b. 下坠时，应尽可能地去抓附近可能被抓住的物体，当被抓的某一物体
松脱时，应迅速抓住另一物体，以减缓下坠速度。
When falling down, try to grab nearby objects which are possible to be
grabbed. When the object which is grabbed gets loosened, quickly grab
another objects to reduce the falling speed.
c. 凡有可能撞到构筑物和坠地时，坠落者应紧急弯脚曲腿以缓和撞击。
When it is possible to hit structures and fall to the ground, the falling person
shall immediately bend his feet and twist his legs to mitigate the impact.
2．急救措施
First-aid measures
● 创伤急救的基本要求。
Basic demands for wound first aid
a. 创伤急救原则上是先抢救，后固定，再搬运，并注意采取措施，
防止伤情加重或污染。需要送医院救治的，应立即做好保护伤员
措施后送医院救治。
The wound first aid is based on emergency treatment first, then fixation
and move in the end, and the measures shall be taken to prevent
the wound from being aggravated and contaminated. Send
the wounded who needs hospital treatment to the hospital after taking
measures to protect him.
b. 抢救前先使伤员安静躺平，判断全身情况和受伤程度，如有无出
血、骨折和休克等。
Before rescuing, get quiet and lie down wounded. Judge conditions of
his whole body and injury degree including whether or not there are
bleeding, fractures and shock.
c. 外部出血立即采取止血措施，防止失血过多而休克。外观无伤，
但呈休克状态，神志不清，或昏迷者，要考虑胸腹部内脏或脑部
受伤的可能性。
When it comes to external bleeding, take measures to stop bleeding
immediately, in case of the shock caused by excessive bleeding. If
the wounded has no appearance injuries but stays in a state of shock,
delirious, or in a coma, consider the possibility of getting abdominal
visceral injuries or brain injuries.
d. 为防止伤口感染，应用清洁布片覆盖。救护人员不得用手直接接
触伤口，更不得在伤口内填塞任何东西或随便用药。
To prevent wounds from being infected, cover him with the clean cloth.
Rescue personnel shall not directly touch the wound with hands, let alone
pack something within the wound or use drugs at random.
e. 搬运时应使伤员平躺在担架上，腰部束在担架上，防止跌下。平
地搬运时伤员头部在后，上楼、下楼、下坡时头部在上，搬运中
应严密观察伤员，防止伤情突变。
When moving the wounded, make him lie on the stretcher. Tie his waist
on the stretcher to prevent him from falling down. Keep his head at the
back of the stretcher when moving him on the flat ground, and keep head
at the lower position when moving upstairs, downstairs and downhill. In
the course of moving the wounded, keep a close eye on him to prevent
injury mutation.
● 止血
● Hemostasis
a. 伤口渗血：用较伤口稍大的消毒纱布数层覆盖伤口，然后进行包
扎。若包扎后仍有较多渗血，可再加绷带适当加压止血。
Wound errhysis: Cover the wound with several layers of antiseptic
gauze which is bigger than the wound and then pack it. In the case that
there is still some blood oozing from the antiseptic gauze, stop bleeding
through using bandages to properly pressurize.
b. 伤口出血呈喷射状或鲜红血液涌出时，立即用清洁手指压迫出血
点上方（近心端），使血流中断，将出血肢体抬高或举高，以减
少出血量。
When the blood from the wound sprays or the red blood gushes out, press
the bleeding point immediately with a clean finger (the proximal part) to
stop bleeding. Raise the bleeding limbs high to reduce the amount of
bleeding.
c. 用止血带或弹性较好的布带等止血时（图1），应先用柔软布片或
伤员的衣袖等数层垫在止血带下面，再扎紧止血带以刚使肢端动
脉搏动消失为度。上肢每60min，下肢每80min放松一次，每次放
松1～2min。开始扎紧与每次放松的时间均应书面标明在止血带旁
。扎紧时间不宜超过四小时。不要在上臂中三分之一处和腋窝下
使用止血带，以免损伤神经。若放松时观察已无大出血可暂停使
用。
Put several layers of soft cloth, sleeves of the wounded or others under
tourniquets when stopping bleeding with cloth straps with better elasticity
or other things, and then tie the tourniquet to the extent that arterial pulses
at the end of the limbs stop exactly. Loosen the tourniquet tied on the
upper limb at the interval of 60min, and the lower limb at the interval of 80
min, with 1 ~ 2 min for each time. The duration for tying and loosening
shall be written down beside the tourniquet each time. The duration for
tying shall not be more than four hours. Do not use the tourniquet at the
one- third upper arms and under the armpit, in case of the damage of
nerves. In the case that there is no blood flowing out when loosening the
tourniquet for observation, the tourniquet can be suspended from service.
注：严禁用电线、铁丝、细绳等作止血带使用。
Note: It is forbidden to use wire, iron wire, cord and others as a tourniquet.
d. 高处坠落、撞击、挤压可能有胸腹内脏破裂出血。受伤者外观无
出血但常表现面色苍白，脉博细弱，气促，冷汗淋漓，四肢厥冷，
烦躁不安，甚至神志不清等休克状态，应迅速躺平，抬高下肢（图
2），保持温暖，速送医院救治。若送院途中时间较长，可给伤员
饮用少量糖盐水。
The rupture hemorrhage of viscera at the thorax and abdomen may
occur when the wounded falls from a great height and suffers from impact
and extrusion.In the case that the wounded suffers no external bleeding
but often looks pale, and has symptoms including unclear pulse, short
breath, much cold sweat, cold limbs, dysphonia, and even unconscious
mind which shows he is in shock, make him lie down quickly and raise his
lower limbs (Fig. 2). In addition, keep him warm and send him to a hospital.
In the case that the time spent on the way to the hospital will be long, the
glucose and sodium chloride injection can be given to the wounded to
drink.
3．骨折急救知识
First-aid knowledge on fracture
a. 肢体骨折可用夹板或木棍、竹竿等将断骨上、下两个关节固定（图3），
也可利用伤员身体进行固定，避免骨折部位移动，以减少疼痛，防止
伤势恶化。
When it comes to limb fractures, fix the upper and lower joints of the broken
bones with splints or crabsticks, bamboo poles and others. It is also feasible to
use the body of the wounded to fix the two joints to avoid the movement of
fracture parts. This can reduce the pain and prevent the further injury.
b. 开放性骨折，伴有大出血者，先止血，再固定，并用干净布片覆盖伤
口，然后速送医院救治。切勿将外露的断骨推回伤口内。
For the wounded who suffers from the open fracture, with massive
hemorrhage, make him stop bleeding first, and then fix joints. Cover
the wound with a clean cloth, and then send him to a hospital immediately. It is
forbidden to push exposed broken bones back to the wound.
c. 疑有颈椎损伤，在使伤员平卧后，用沙土袋（或其它代替物）放置头
部两侧。
In the case that the cervical spine injury may occur, put sand bags (or other
alternatives) on both sides of the head of the wounded after making him lie
down.
d. 使颈部固定不动。必须进行口对口呼吸时，只能采用抬头使气道通畅，
不能再将头部后仰移动或转动头部，以免引起截瘫或死亡。
Make the cervical part fixed. When the mouth to mouth breathing must be
done, make the airway unobstructed just through raising his head, not to tilt his
head back or turn it, in case of paraplegia or death.
e. 腰椎骨折应将伤员平卧在平硬木板上，将腰椎躯干及二侧下肢一同进
行固定预防瘫痪（图5）。搬动时应数人合作，保持平稳，不能扭曲。
Make the wounded who suffers from fracture of lumbar vertebrae lie down on
a flat hard board, and fix the lumbar and lower limbs of both sides, in case of
paralysis (Fig. 5).When moving the wounded, work together with several
persons, and keep smooth and steady, not to make the body of the wounded
twist.
4．颅脑外伤
Craniocerebral trauma
A. 应使伤员采取平卧位，保持气道通畅，若有呕吐，应扶好头部和身体，
使头部和身体同时侧转，防止呕吐物造成窒息。
Make the wounded lie down to keep airway unobstructed. If vomits, hold head
and body, and turn head and body at the same time in case of asphyxia
caused by vomit.
B. 耳鼻有液体流出时，不要用棉花堵塞，可轻轻拭去，以利降低颅内压
力。也不可用力擤鼻，排除鼻内液体，或将液体再吸入鼻内。
When liquid flows out of the ear and nose, wipe away it gently to reduce
intracerebral pressure, instead of plugging it with cotton. Blowing nose heavily
to exclude liquid out of nose or inhale liquid in nose is not allowed.
c. 颅脑外伤时，病情可能复杂多变，禁止给予饮食，速送医院诊治。
When the brain suffers from traumas, the state may be complex and
changeable. It is forbidden to give the wounded food. What need to do is to
send him to a hospital for diagnosis and treatment.
10.4.5.5 冻伤急救知识
First-aid Knowledge on Frostbite
a 冻伤使肌肉僵直，严重者深及骨骼，在救护搬运过程中，动作要轻柔，不
要强使其肢体弯曲活动，以免加重损伤，应使用担架，将伤员平卧并抬至
温暖室内救治。
Frostbite makes muscle rigid and even has an effect on bones. In the process of
emergency handling, the movement of rescue personnel needs to be gentle and
avoid making limbs and trunk of the wounded bend so as not to aggravate injuries.
Make the wounded lie on a stretcher and carry him to a warm room for treatment.
b 将伤员身上潮湿的衣服剪去后，用干燥柔软的衣服覆盖，不得烤火或搓雪
。
After cutting off the wet clothes on the body of the wounded, cover him with dry and
soft clothes, not to warm the wounded by a fire or rub the snow on his body.
c 全身冻伤者呼吸和心跳有时十分微弱，不应该误认为死亡，应努力抢救。
The wounded who suffers from frostbite on the whole body has a weak breath and
heartbeat. Therefore, do not mistake for death and efforts shall be made to rescue.
10.4.5.6 高温中暑急救知识
First- aid Knowledge on Heat Stroke
a 烈日直射头部，环境温度过高，饮水过少或出汉过多等可以引起中暑现象，
其症状一般为恶心、呕吐、胸闷、眩晕、嗜睡、虚脱，严重时抽搐、惊厥
甚至昏迷。
The heat stroke can be caused by directly exposing the head to the burning sun,
excessively high environment temperatures, drinking too little water, excessive
sweating and so on. In general, the symptoms of it include nausea, vomiting,
oppression in chest, dizziness, drowsiness and collapse. When the state is severer,
convulsions, seizures, and even coma can occur.
b 应立即将病员从高温或日晒环境转移到阴凉通风处休息。用冷水擦浴，湿
毛巾覆盖身体，电扇吹风，或在头部置冰袋等方法降温，并及时给病人口
服盐水。严重者送医院治疗。
Move the patient from environments with heat temperatures and insolation to cool
and ventilated places to rest. Use methods including cleaning the body of the
patient with cold water, covering him with wet towels, making an electric fan blow,
or placing ice packs on his head to reduce the temperature. In addition, make the
patient take saltwater orally in time. Send him to a hospital for treatment.
10.4.5.7 人工呼吸与心脏复苏的操作方法
Operational Approaches of Artificial Respiration and Cardiac Resuscitation
1．准备工作
Preparation
a. 现场人员将伤者移至上风阴凉处呈仰卧状；
Move the wounded to a windward shady place and lie on his back.
b. 在离伤者鼻孔的5毫米处，用指腹检查是否有呼吸，同时轻按伤者颈部，
观察是否有搏动；
At the 5 mm from the nose of the wounded, check for breathing with the finger
pulp, and at the same time, press his cervical part gently to observe whether or
not there is a pulse.
c. 现场人员可脱下上装叠好，置于伤者颈部，将颈部垫高，让呼吸道保
持畅通；
Field staff can take off the upper outer garment and fold up them to put them at
the cervical part of the wounded so that his cervical part is elevated and the
respiratory tract keeps unobstructed.
d. 检查并清除伤者口腔中异物。若伤者带有假牙，则必须将假牙取出，
防止阻塞呼吸道。
Inspect and eliminate foreign bodies in the oral cavity of the wounded.If
the wounded wears a denture, remove it to prevent it from blocking the
respiratory tract.
2．人工呼吸法：
Artificial respiration:
a. 将手帕置于伤者口唇上，施救者先深吸一口气；
Put a handkerchief on the lips of the wounded. The rescuer takes a deep
breath firstly.
b. 一手捏住伤者鼻孔，以防漏气，另一手托起伤者下颌，嘴唇封住伤者
张开的嘴巴，用口将气经口腔吹入伤者肺部；
Hold nostrils of the wounded with one hand, in case of air leakage, and hold up
his mandible with the other hand. Then put the mouth of the rescuer on the
open mouth of the wounded to blow air into the lung of the later through the
oral cavity.
c. 松开捏鼻子的手使伤者将呼出。注意此时施救者人员，必须将头转向
一侧，防止伤者呼出的废气造成再伤害；
Loosen the pinched nose to let the wounded exhale waste gas. At this
moment, what needs to pay attention to is that the rescuer must turn his head
on one side to prevent another injuries caused by the waste gas exhaled by
the wounded.
d. 救护换气时，放松触电者的嘴和鼻，让其自动呼吸，此时触电者有轻
微自然呼吸时，人工呼吸与其规律保持一致。当自然呼吸有好转时，
人工呼吸可停止，并观察触电者呼吸有无复原或呼吸梗阻现象。人工
呼吸每分钟大约进行14—16次，连续不断地进行，直至恢复自然呼吸
为止，做人工呼吸同时，要为伤者施行心脏挤压。
When changing air in the course of rescue, loosen the mouth and nose of
the wounded who gets an electric shock to let him breathe by himself. When
he can breathe mildly and naturally, the artificial respiration needs to be
consistent with his breathing regularity. When the natural breathing has
improved, artificial respiration can be stopped. Observe whether or not
respiratory rehabilitation or respiratory obstruction exists. Artificial respiration
shall be continuously conducted about 14- 16 times per minute until natural
breathing restores. When doing artificial respiration, do cardiac compression
for the wounded.
3．心脏复苏方法
Cardiac resuscitation
a. 挤压部位为胸部骨中心下半段，即心窝稍高，两乳头略低，胸骨下三
分之一处；
The position needing to be compressed is the lower half of the chest bone
center, namely the position which is a bit higher than heart, slightly lower than
two nipples and at one- third of lower sternum.
b. 救护人两臂关节伸直，将一只手掌根部置于挤压部分，另一只手压在
该手背上，五指翘起，以免损伤肋骨，采用冲击式向脊椎方向压迫，
使胸部下陷三至四厘米，成人5分钟做60—80次挤压后，随即放松；
The rescuer unbends his joints of two arms, puts the base of one hand at the
position needing to be compressed and places the other hand on the back of
the former, with five finger perking up so as not to damage ribs. The
impingement oppression toward the direction of the spine shall be conducted,
making chest of the wounded cave in three to four centimeters. For adults, the
compression shall be done for 60- 80 times within 5 min, and then loosen.
c. 二人操作对心脏每挤压4次，进行一次口对口人工呼吸；一人操作时，
则比例为十五比二，当观察到伤者颈动脉开始搏动，就要停止挤压，
但应继续做口对口人工呼吸。在施救过程中，要注意检查和观察伤者
的呼吸与颈动脉搏动情况。一旦伤者心脏复苏，立即转送医院做进一
步的治疗。
In the case that there are two rescuers for the application of cardiac
resuscitation, the one- time mouth- to- mouth artificial respiration shall be
done for each four- time compressions on the heart. In the case that there
is just one rescuer for the application of that method, the ratio of compression
on the heart to mouth- to- mouth artificial respiration shall be 15:2. When
observing that the carotid artery of the wounded begins to beat, stop
compressing, while the mouth- to- mouth artificial respiration needs to be
continued. In the course of rescue, pay attention to check and observe
conditions of breathing and carotid artery beating of the wounded. Once the
heart of the wounded recovers, immediately send him to a hospital for further
treatment.
10.5 本装置主要有害物、介质（易燃易爆、有毒）的有关性质综述
Safety property of Inflammable, Explosive and Toxic Substances
硫磺回收装置内主要有毒物料为硫化氢、二氧化硫、硫磺（硫磺粉尘）、MDEA
等，因此在生产操作过程中一定要严格按照操作规程的要求，加强劳动保护，
确保人身安全。
The main toxic materials in sulfur recovery units include hydrogen sulfide, carbon
dioxide, sulfur (sulfur dust) and MDEA, thus it is necessary to follow the requirements of
operating procedure and strengthen labor protection in production operation, thus to
ensure personal safety.
10.5.1 硫化氢
Hydrogen Sulfide
(1) 物理性质
Physical properties
H2S为无色、有臭鸡蛋味的气体。它具有高毒性，对碳钢有腐蚀性，特别
是在高湿、高温下，H2S具备了典型无机酸的特性。如果无水存在，则对
碳钢无腐蚀性。
H2S is a kind of colorless gas with a smell from rotten eggs. It is highly toxic and
corrosive to carbon steel. Especially in environments with high humidity and
temperatures, it possesses properties of typical inorganic acid. If there is no water,
the H2S is not corrosive to carbon steel.
H2S为可燃气体，在空气中燃烧生成SO2和H2O，释放出热量。H2S与空气
的混合物爆炸的上、下限体积百分比分别为4.3%及45.5%。在该范围内遇
明火会发生剧烈的爆炸。因此，对H2S进行贮存和处理时，要排除一切火
源、明火、火花（包括静电火花）。 H2S及空气混合物也不能与产生热的
设备直接接触。
The H2S is flammable gas. Being burnt in the air, it generates SO2 and H2O, and
releases the heat. The mixtures of H2S and air have upper limit and lower limit of
volume percent for explosion: 4.3% and 45.5% respectively. In this range, a violent
explosion will happen once the mixtures meet flame. Therefore, when storing and
handling H2S, eliminate all fire sources, flame and sparks (including electrostatic
sparks).The mixtures of H2S and air also cannot contact with equipment generating
heat directly.
H2S在空气中的自燃点约为260℃，沸点为- 61.8℃；熔点为-82.9℃。
In air, the autogenous ignition temperature of H2S is about 260°C, boiling point is
-61.8°C, and melting point is -82.9°C.
H2S气体比重为1.19（空气为1.0），所以比空气重，可在低点积聚，特别
是硫池及硫坑。 H2S液体比重为1.54，20℃下的蒸汽压为8.77atm。
H2S gas specific weight is 1.19 (that of air is 1.0), which is heavier than air.
Therefore, it will accumulate at a lower point, especially in sulfur ponds and sulfur
pits. H2S liquid specific weight is 1.54 and its vapor pressure under the temperature
of 20°C is 8.77atm.
由于每个人嗅觉能力不同，所以把臭鸡蛋味作为H2S危险浓度的警告是不
可靠的。而且，当其浓度大于20ppm时，臭味恶化，对通过嗅觉鉴别浓度
的提高没有帮助。
The sense of smell of every person varies, so it is unreliable to take the
appearance of a smell from rotten eggs as a warning for hazard concentration of
H2S. Moreover, when the H2S concentration is greater than 20ppm, the odor
aggravates. This is not helpful to judge the increase of its concentration through the
sense of smell.
中毒反应随浓度高低不同，也与个体的感受程度有关。低浓度的H2S使呼
吸道受到刺激引起疾病，产生呕吐、胸闷等。随后对神经系统也产生影响
。高浓度的H2S会使神经系统麻痹。随后呼吸困难，立即窒息而死。即使
是低浓度的H2S也会对眼睛的角膜产生损害。
The toxic reaction varies due to the different concentration. It is also related to
personal feeling degrees.The H2S with low concentration irritates the respiratory
tract and leads to illness. It also has an effect on the nervous system later. The
H2S with high concentration makes the nervous system numb. Then feel difficult to
breathe. Die of suffocation immediately. Even the H2S with lower concentration will
cause damage to the cornea.
(2) 毒性
Toxicity
H2S浓度高于500 ppm时具有高毒性，使人立即死亡。 H2S可使包括与味

觉相关的神经末梢坏死。由于H2S浓度大于20ppm时，人就嗅不到臭味了
。因此，大大增加了危险性。
When H2S concentration is greater than 500 ppm, the toxicity of H2S is high, which
can lead to human die immediately. The H2S is capable of making nerve endings
including those related to gustation dead. Human cannot smell odors when the
H2S concentration is greater than 20ppm, which the risk is increased greatly.
(3) 生理作用
Physiological effects
表10-8 硫化氢的生理作用表
Table 10-8 table of physiological effects caused by hydrogen sulfide
反应体积浓度（ppm）
Effects Volume concentration (ppm)
可检测到臭味的低限 0.14
minimum detectable odor
轻微的臭味几乎不可察觉 0.77
Slight but imperceptible odor
明显的臭味 4.6
Obvious odor
令人不快的臭味 7.0
Offensive odor
8 小时工作日允许的最大的浓度 10
Allowed maximum concentration within the 8- hour working day
1 小时后眼睛有点发炎，呼吸系统也有点发炎 50~100
The eyes and respiratory system become mildly inflamed after 1 hour.
仅限于 6 小时内无不良反应 70~120
No bad effects within the limit of 6 hours
仅限于 6 小时内无严重后果 170~225
No serious consequences within the limit of 6 hours
1 小时后眼睛明显发炎 200~300
Eyes become inflamed after 1 hour.
30～60 分钟内有生命危险 350~500
Threaten life within 30 ~ 60 min
30～60 分钟内致命 400~600
Die within 30 ~ 60 min
半小时后致命 500~700
Die after half an hour
迅速失去知觉，几分钟后呼吸系统停止 700
Lose consciousness immediately. The respiratory system stops after several
minutes.
立刻失去知觉 700~1,000
Lose consciousness immediately
立刻致命（呼吸停止）超过 1,000
Die immediately (the breath stops) Over 1,000
10.5.2 硫磺
Sulfur
(1) 物理性质
Physical properties
在环境温度和压力下，硫磺为亮黄色、无臭味固体。它在120℃下熔化成
棕色、低粘度的液体。进一步加热，液硫颜色加深，流动性变差。在160
℃下，它的粘度达到最大，使结构发生变化，具有一些塑性流体的性质。
当把硫磺加热到160～170℃后，液硫泵将抽空。因此要利用适当的蒸汽加
热，使硫磺的温度稳定在约130～145℃。
Sulfur is solid in bright yellow and without odor in ambient temperature and
pressure.Sulfur will melt into brown liquid with low viscosity in 120°C.Liquid
sulfur will have deeper color and poorer liquidity under further heating.Sulfur has
maximum viscosity in 160°C, and sulfur structure will be changed to have some
properties of plastic fluid in this temperature.Liquid sulfur pump will be
evacuated when sulfur is heated to 160°C~170°C.Therefore, proper steam shall be
used to maintain sulfur temperature at about 130°C~ 145°C.
硫磺的比热很低（90℃下，固体的比热为0.19kcal/kg℃；140℃下，液体
的比热为0.25kcal/kg℃）。
Sulfur has low specific heat (solid specific heat of 0.19kcal/kg°C at 90°C; and liquid
specific heat of 0.25kcal/kg°C at 140°C).
液硫可燃，闪点约为170℃。在空气中燃烧生成SO2和SO3，沸点为444.6
℃。
Liquid sulfur is combustible and has flash point of about 170°C.Liquid sulfur
combustion in the air will generate SO2 and SO3, and liquid sulfur has boiling point
of 444.6°C.
(2) 危害性
Hazard
液硫不具腐蚀性，但有水存在，它会迅速腐蚀钢材。温度约160℃时，液
硫与空气接触会发生自燃。硫磺暴露在明火下，也会燃烧，生成SO2。
Liquid sulfur is not corrosive, but will corrode steel quickly with water.Liquid
sulfur will be under spontaneous ignition in contact with air at about
160°C.Sulfur will also be in combustion under open fire to generate SO2.
H2S可溶解在液硫中，溶解度随温度的降低而降低。因此，硫坑中的液硫
含有的H2S （大约300ppm）会在硫磺冷却时部分释放出来。
H2S is soluble in liquid sulfur, and solubility decreases with the decreasing of
temperature.Therefore, H2S (about 300ppm) in liquid sulfur in sulfur pit will be
released during sulfur cooling.
空气中的硫尘对人眼具有很大的刺激性。因此，在受硫尘污染的环境下工
作，要戴安全护目镜。尘云约在190℃下会发生自燃。
Sulfur dust in the air has high irritation to the eyes.Therefore, protective goggles
shall be worn in the environment polluted by sulfur dust.Dust cloud will be in
spontaneous ignition at about 190°C.
10.5.3 二氧化硫
Sulfur Dioxide
(1) 物理性质及毒性
Physical properties and toxicity
SO2为无色气体，比重为空气的2.2倍，不可燃烧，遇到水雾或水可形成亚
硫酸。SO2有酸味，这是由于它与水结合生成亚硫酸，亚硫酸进一步生成
硫酸，硫酸可腐蚀人体组织。
SO2 refers to colorless gas with specific gravity of 2.2 times of the air, and is
non-combustible, and can form sulphurous acid in contact with water mist
or water.SO2 has sour odor for the reason that sulphurous acid is generated by the
combination of SO2 and water, sulphurous acid will be further converted into
sulfuric acid which can corrode human tissues.
低浓度的SO2会刺激黏膜。吸入较高浓度的SO2会引起声音嘶哑，喉咙疼
痛，胸部发闷以及支气管炎。有时不能说话或咀嚼。高浓度的SO2会引起
急性支气管炎、胸闷并且迅速失去知觉。不过由于中毒立刻死亡较少见，
但是窒息可以使人很快死亡。SO2也会引起血液中的血红蛋白含量提高。
Low-concentration SO2 will irritate mucosa.The inhalation of high-concentration
SO2 will cause hoarseness, sore throat, chest congestion and trachitis.the
person who inhaling high-concentration SO2 even cannot talk or
chew.High-concentration SO2 will cause acute bronchitis, chest congestion and
quick loss of consciousness.However, immediate death by poisoning is rare, but
suffocation may cause quick death.SO2 will also raise protein content in the blood.
中毒反应因个体的感受能力不同而不同。人体对SO2可有一定的免疫，最
大可达到30～50ppm。人类可忍受≤20 ppm的SO2浓度而无不良反应。高
浓度的SO2可使中毒者脸色发白，味觉不适，甚至使味觉神经失去知觉。
Toxic reaction differs by personal feeling capability.Human body has certain
immunity to SO2, with maximum degree of 30ppm to 50ppm.Human can bear
SO2 with concentration not higher than 20ppm without adverse
reaction.High-concentration SO2 will cause pale face, gustation discomfort, or even
loss of consciousness of gustatory nerves to poisoned person.
(2) 生理作用
Physiological effects
表10-9 二氧化硫对人体的影响（美国卫生部1966）表：
Table 10-9 influence of so2 on human body (united states department of health and human
services in 1966):
浓度 ppm 生理作用
Concentration ppm Physiological effects
刚能感觉出来
0.03～1
Slight feeling
有胸闷感
1
Feeling of chest congestion
很容易闻到臭味
3
Easy to smell odor
8 小时最高容许浓度
5
Maximum allowable concentration in 8h
对鼻子和咽喉立即有刺激，咳嗽
6～12
Immediate irritation to the nose and throat, cough
刺激眼睛的最低浓度，即使比较习惯的人也有不快感
20 Minimum concentration for irritation to the eyes, causing discomfort to persons who
have get used to the concentration
1 小时最高容许浓度
50～100
Maximum allowable concentration in 1h
立即呼吸困难，有生命危险
400～500
Immediate dyspnea, and life is in danger
（窒息）几分钟内皮肤即有炎症
10,000
Skin inflammation several minutes after suffocation
10.5.4 MDEA 溶剂
MDEA Solvent
MDEA水溶液为稻草色带氨味的液体。MDEA可通过呼吸进入体内。低浓度
MDEA会刺激眼睛、粘液膜（包括呼吸道）。轻度到中度中毒会引起头疼、咽
喉有烧伤感觉、呼吸困难、反胃、呕吐等。暴露于高浓度的MDEA会强烈刺激
呼吸道，甚至引起呼吸障碍；严重中毒可能会引起肺炎或支气管炎。
MDEA aqueous solution is liquid with straw color and the smell of ammine. MDEA can
enter the body through breathing. The MDEA with low concentration irritates eyes and
mucosa (including the respiratory tract).The symptoms of intoxication from the mild to
the moderate are headaches, the feeling of throat burning, dyspnea, nausea, vomiting,
etc. Exposure to the MDEA with high concentration will irritate the respiratory tract
strongly, and even cause respiration disorders. Serious intoxication may lead to
pneumonia or bronchitis.
10.6 本装置排放的主要污染物及环境保护措施
Main Pollutants and Environmental Protection Measures
10.6.1 本装置污染物排放部位及排放的主要污染物
Main Contaminants And Discharge Positions
10.6.1.1 废气污染源和污染物
Waste Gas Pollution Source and Pollutant
硫磺回收装置在正常生产时，废气主要为尾气焚烧炉排放的烟气，烟气中SO2
浓度为≤400mg/Nm3，采用烟囱高度为65米，国家标准中规定烟气中SO2允许
排放浓度小于960mg/Nm3。废气污染物详细排放情况见下表。
During normal production of sulfur recovery unit, waste gas mainly refers to the gas
discharged from tail gas incinerator, with SO2 concentration of not more than
400mg/Nm3; chimney height is 65m, and it is specified in national standards that
allowable SO2 emission concentration shall be less than 960mg/Nm3.Refer to the
following table for detailed emission of waste gas pollutant.
表10-10 硫磺回收装置废气污染物排放表
Table 10-10 waste gas pollution emission of sulfur recovery unit
烟气主要组成
污染物名称及其排放去向
烟气总量 Main 烟囱高度
排放点排放规律 SO2 Destination
gGas Amount Composition of Chimney Height
Name and Discharge of Discharge
Gas
Emission Point Regularity
3 （v）%
of Pollutant kg/h mg/m kg/h m
(v) %
尾气经烟囱排放
Tail gas, 连续大气
≤400 65
discharged from Continuous Atmosphere
chimney
10.6.1.2 废水污染源和污染物
Contamination Sources of Waste Water and Contaminants
硫磺回收装置生产过程中排出的废水有含油污水及含硫污水，详细情况见下表
。
Waste water discharged from sulfur recovery unit in production includes oily sewage
and sulfur wastewater, with detailed conditions shown in the following table.
表10-11 污水排放表
Table 10-11 table for waste water discharge
污染源排放方式排放量（t/h）排放去向
排放介质主要有害成分（mg/l）
Contamination Discharge Discharge Destination
Discharged Fluid Main Harmful Ingredients
Source Mode Amount of Discharge
地面冲洗水、机泵
冷却等污水处理场
含油污水 Floor wash water, 间断油；悬浮物
Waste water
Oily wastewater pump Intermittent Oil and suspended solids
treatment farm
cooling water and
so on
乏汽放空筒 312-
生产污水 V08 排污污水处理场
连续 COD〈50；PH： 6~8.5
Production Exhaust gas vent 0.191 Waste water
Continuous COD〈50; PH:
sewage drum, blowdown treatment farm
valve 312- V08
硫化物：～200ppm wt
Sulfide:~200ppm wt 酸性水汽提装
尾气急冷塔
含硫污水连续氨氮：～100ppm wt 置
Tail gas quench
Sulfur wastewater Continuous Ammonia nitrogen:~100ppm wt Sour water
column
pH＝7～8 stripping unit
pH=7~8
10.6.1.3 固体废物
Solid Waste
硫磺回收装置的固体废物是定期更换下来的废催化剂和废脱硫剂，经过长期运
行后，催化剂和脱硫剂要失活，根据预期寿命或失活情况定期更换。详细情况
见下表。
Solid waste of sulfur recovery unit refers to spent catalyst and spent desulfurizing agent
replaced regularly; after long-term operation, catalyst and desulfurizing agent will lose
activity, and shall be replaced regularly according to expected life or inactivation
conditions.Refer to the following table for details.
表10-12 固体废物排放表
Table 10-12 discharge of solid waste
有毒有害组分 3
一次排放量，m 排放规律处置方法
名称排放点 Toxic and
Primary Discharge, Discharge Disposal
Description Discharge Point Hazardous 3
m Regularity Method
Component
废催化剂（普通
claus 制硫催化剂）一、二级反应器（312-
4 年更换一次
Spent catalyst R01，02） Al2O3、硫化物填埋
6.3 Replaced every 4
(common Claus 1st,2st claus reactors Al2O3 and sulfide Landfill
years
sulfur production (312-R01 and 02)
catalyst)
废催化剂（钛基制硫
催化剂）一、二级反应器
4 年更换一次
Spent catalyst 312-R01，02） TiO2、硫化物填埋
7.0 Replaced every 4
(titanium- based 1st,2st claus reactors TiO2 and sulfide Landfill
years
sulfur production (312-R01, 02)
catalyst)
废催化剂（尾气加氢硫化物、重金属
尾气加氢反应器
催化剂）（MoO3、CoO） 5 年更换一次
（312-R03）填埋
Spent catalyst (tail Sulfide and heavy 4.7 Replaced every 5
Landfill
Tail gas hydrogenation years
gas hydrogenation metal (MoO3 and
reactor (312-R03)
catalyst) CoO)
废液硫脱气催化剂液硫脱气塔（312-C03） 4 年更换一次
Al2O3、硫化物填埋
Waste liquid sulfur Sulfur degasing column 2.0 Replaced every 4
Al2O3 and sulfide Landfill
degasing catalyst (312-C03) years
10.6.1.4 噪声
Noise
硫磺回收装置的主要噪声源是机泵、空冷风机、鼓风机及气体放空，其噪声级
≤85dBA。当噪声大于85dBA时，人长期在噪声环境下工作，会引起听觉器官
损伤和心血管系统病症，并能导致神经衰弱，还能引起胃功能紊乱，视力降低，
注意力分散。
The main noise source of sulfur recovery unit includes pump, air cooler fan, blower and
gas venting, and noise level is not higher than 85dBA.When the noise level is higher
than 85dBA, the damage to auditory organs and disorder of circulatory system will be
caused if human beings work in a noise environment for a long term. The symptoms
including neurasthenia, gastric function disorder, decreased vision, and

distractibility will also occur.
10.6.2 本装置环境保护措施及其效果
Environmental Protection Measures and Effects
10.6.2.1 三废处理方案
Treatment Plan for Effluents
1 废水处理
Waste Water Treatment
按清污分流及污污分流的原则，将污水划分为含油污水、清净废水、生活污水
、雨水等系统。对不同性质的污水分别进行收集：含油污水和清净废水排现有
污水处理厂（API），雨水排至厂外雨水沟（rain ditch），生活污水排至市政管
网。
Based on the principles of diverting sewage from clean water and sewage
from sewage, the waste water is divided into oily water, clean waste water,
domestic waste water and rainwater. Waste water is collected, according to
its character: oily water and clean wastewater are discharged to NRL
existing API, rainwater is discharged to rain ditch out of plant,
domestic waste water is discharged to domestic waster network.
2 废气处理
Waste Gas Treatment
设置酸性燃料气总管及火炬气总管，对于装置操作过程中可能排放的含烃类气
体通过上述密闭系统排放，或进入燃料气系统或进入火炬总管。
Sour fuel gas header and flare gas header are designed for this unit.
Possible hydrocarbon gases during unit operation are to be discharged to
sour fuel gas system or flare system via the above mentioned headers.
装置内各压力系统均设置安全阀，设备超压时泄放的可燃烃类气体通过火炬总
管进入火炬管网。
Pressure relief valves are designed for all pressure systems within the unit.
Flammable hydrocarbon gases released from the equipment in the case of
overpressure will be discharged into the flare system via flare header.
装置正常生产时，由加热炉排放的烟气高点放空，放空高度满足巴基斯坦国家
标准。
In normal production of the unit, the venting height meets requirements of
national standards of Pakistan as the flue gas of the furnace is vented at a
high point.
3 废渣处理
Waste Residue Treatment
本装置产生的固体废物均为危险废物，拟将其和 NRL 现有装置产生的危险废
物一并外委处理。
Solid wastes produced by the unit are hazardous wastes, and are proposed
to be treated with hazardous wastes generated by NRL existing unit via
outsourcing.
10.6.2.2 废气处理措施
Waste Gas Treatment Measures
本联合装置除烟气外，不排放其它废气。设计中通过对制硫尾气净化处理，使
本联合装置烟气中SO2的排放量及排放浓度均满足国家规定的排放标准。
The combined unit does not emit other waste gas except for flue gas.Purification
treatment is designed for tail gas from sulfur production to ensure that SO2 emissions
and emission concentration in flue gas of the combined unit meet national emission
standards.
设计中采取的主要环保措施有：
Main environmental protection actions taken in design include:
1) 为确保装置安全生产和人身安全，对可能泄漏或聚集H2S气体的地方，按
规定设计了H2S有毒气体检测器，并引至控制室进行报警，可及时发现并
避免有害气体的逸出。
To ensure production safety of the unit and personal safety, H2S toxic gas detector
is designed as specified for the positions with possibility of H2S leakage or
gathering, and is led to control room to trigger alarm, thus to detect and avoid
escape of hazardous gas in time.
2) 硫磺回收装置在工艺上设置了联锁保护措施，当停电或设备故障时可自动
切断原料并将其放火炬，避免有毒气体漏到周围环境中。装置开停工及不
正常操作时，塔顶、容器顶安全阀起跳所泄放的可燃气体或酸性气，均密
闭送往火炬系统处理。
Interlocking protection actions are set for sulfur recovery unit in terms of process to
automatically cut off feedstock and discharge gas to flare in case of power off or
equipment fault, thus to avoid leakage of toxic gas into surroundings. Combustible
gas or sour gas leaked due to relief of pressure relief valve of column top and
vessels in unit startup, shutdown and abnormal operation will be sent to flare
system without leakage for treatment.
3) 硫磺回收装置的液硫脱气设施，将液硫中的有害气体脱除，送焚烧炉燃烧
后排入烟囱。
Liquid sulfur degasing facilities of sulfur recovery unit will remove hazardous gas in
liquid sulfur and send the hazardous gas for combustion and then discharge the
gas into the chimney.
4) 装置内设置了风向标和警示牌，在事故突发情况下可指示操作人员及时正
确地脱离危险。
Wind vane and warning board are set for the unit to guide operators to be out of
danger correctly in case of emergency.
10.6.2.3 废水处理措施
Waste Water Treatment Measures
硫磺回收装置排出的污水主要有含硫污水和废锅排出的生产废水，含硫污水送
往加氢型酸性水汽提装置进行处理；冲洗地面的污水进入含油污水管网，至污
水处理场处理；放空筒排放的冷却锅炉污水直接排入装置边明沟，最后进入含
油污水系统。
The sewage discharged from sulfur recovery unit mainly includes sulfur wastewater and
production wastewater discharged from waste heat boiler; sulfur wastewater is sent to
hydrogenation sour water stripping unit for treatment; the sewage for washing ground is
led into oily sewage pipe network, and sent to sewage treatment plant for treatment;
boiler cooling sewage discharged from vent vessel is directly dishcarged into open ditch
beside the unit, and finally led into oily sewage system.
10.6.2.4 废渣处理措施
Waste Disposal Actions
装置内定期更换下来的废催化剂，由催化剂供应商统一回收或送废渣处理场集
中填埋，不会对环境造成污染。
Spent catalyst replaced regularly from the device is collected by catalyst supplier in
unified mode or sent to waste disposal yard for centralized landfill, and will not cause
environmental pollution.
10.6.2.5 噪声处理措施
Noise Control Measures
设计中选用低噪声的YB系列电机、鼓风机，和低噪声的空冷器，噪声级小于
85dBA,并在鼓风机进口设消音器，同时蒸汽放空设置消音器，减少噪声危害，
使装置的工业噪声符合国家标准《工业企业厂界噪声标准》。
Low- noise YB motor, blower and air cooler are adopted in design, with noise level
below 85dBA, and silencer is set at blower inlet to mitigate noise hazard and ensure
that industrial noise of the unit meets requirements of the Emission Standards on
Industrial Enterprises Noise at Boundary.
10.6.3 本装置污染物排放的环境监测设施
Environmental Monitoring Facilities for Pollutant Emission of the Unit
本装置排放的废气主要是硫磺回收装置排放的烟气。在尾气焚烧炉后烟道上设
有采样口，可随时抽检烟气质量；烟囱上安装了一台SO2在线分析仪，可以连
续检测烟气的SO2浓度。
Waste gas emitted from the unit mainly refers to flue gas in sulfur recovery
unit.Sampling port is set at gas flue behind tail gas incinerator to perform spot check of
flue gas quality at any time, and a SO2 online analyzer is mounted at the chimney to
enable continuous detection of SO2 concentration in flue gas.
11 附录
APPENDIX
1. 设备一览表 14089-03312-A-300
List of equipment
2. 主要设备结构图
Construction drawing of main equipment
2.1 312-C01 14089-03312-J-35010

2.2 312-C02 14089-03312-J-35020
2.3 312-C03 14089-03312-J-35030
3. 化工工艺流程图 14089-03312-A-101~104
Process flow diagram
4. 装置平面布置图 14089-03312-F-11~13
Equipment layout
5. 可燃有毒气体报警仪布置图 14089-03312-P-711
Combustible and toxic gas detector layout drawing
6. 装置消防设施布置图 14089-03312-T-2
Water supply and drainage piping layout
7. 安全阀定压值 14089-03312-B-801
Set pressure values of pressure relief valves
8. 控制参数报警值及联锁值 14089-03312-P-621
Alarm and trip point list

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操作规程

0 IFC (Issue For Review)

REV. DESCRIPTION DEGN CHKD REVD APPD DATE

NATIONAL REFINERY LIMITED ATU DES. DETAIL DESIG

CHINA NATIONAL CHEMICAL

PROJ. NRL ISBL UPGRADATION PROJECT

SPECIAL EQUIPMENT OPERATING SPECIFICATION ........................................................... 145

SAFETY REGULATIONS .................................................................................................. 229

• 胺处理单元 (ATU - U310)

• 无酚酸水汽提单元 (NP-SWSU - U311)

2H2S＋O2→2/X Sx2H2O ............................................................................................. (1)

2H2S＋3O2→2SO2 +2H2O ........................................................................................ (2)

2H2S＋SO2→3/X Sx＋2H2O ...................................................................................... (3)

2S＋2CO2→COS＋CO＋SO2 ...................................................................................... (4)

CH4＋SO2→COS＋H2O＋H2 ...................................................................................... (5)

2CO2＋3S→2COSSO2 ............................................................................................... (6)

CO＋S→COS .............................................................................................................. (7)

CS2＋2H2O→2H2S＋CO2 ......................................................................................... (8)

COS＋H2O→ H2SCO2 ............................................................................................... (9)

SO2＋3H2 ＝ H2S＋2H2O ........................................................................................ (10)

Sx ＋XH2 ＝XH2S ................................................................................................... (11)

SO2＋3CO ＝ COS+2CO2 ........................................................................................ (12)

S＋CO ＝COS ............................................................................................................ (13)

CO＋H2O ＝ CO2+H2 ............................................................................................. (14)

COS＋H2O ＝ H2S+CO2 ........................................................................................ (15)

H2S＋R2NCH3 ＝R2NHCH3+ ＋HS- ....................................................................... (16)

CO2＋H2O＝HCO3-＋H+ ......................................................................................... (17)

CO2＋H2O＋R2NCH3＝R2NHCH3+＋HCO3- ........................................................ (18)

Phase 1 LEAN AMINE FROM ATU(U310)

Specification of Liquid Sulfur

型式 装置水 冷却水 生活水 消防水

供水 Water Supply (t/h)

号 V Oper. Spare Oper. Spare 负荷 时数 电量

低压除氧水LP boiler feed water

低压除氧水 LP boiler feed water

控制范围： 反 应 器 入 口 温 度 312-TI-030 ； 290±10 ℃ ； 反 应 器 出 口 温 度

Control range:Reactor inlet temperature (TI030): 290±10°C; reactor outlet temperature

3.3.1.1 1.0MPa 蒸汽引入

(M) - 确认 1.0MPa 蒸汽系统已吹扫干净

[M] - 联系调度引 1.0MPa 蒸汽

(P) - 确认 1.0MPa 蒸汽引至硫磺回收 312 装置界区处

(P) - 确认 1.0MPa 蒸汽系统各分支根部阀门关闭

[P] - 改好装置内的 1.0MPa 蒸汽流程

[P] - 联系将 1.0MPa 蒸汽边界管线字盲板处于开位

[P] - 缓慢打开 1.0MPa 蒸汽界区盲板前阀门

[P] - 缓慢开 1.0MPa 蒸汽进装置阀

[P] - 依次引 1.0MPa 蒸汽贯通各管线

(1) 主线： 1.0MPa蒸汽→末端导淋

(2) 支线： 逐线贯通，严禁超压。

(P) - 确认脱离子水引至硫磺回收 312 装置界区处

(P) - 确认工厂空气边界 8 字盲板处于盲位

[P] - 联系将工厂空气边界 8 字盲板处于开位

(P) - 确认仪表空气边界 8 字盲板处于盲位

[P] - 联系将仪表空气边界 8 字盲板处于开位

(P) - 确认氮气边界 8 字盲板处于盲位

[P] - 联系将氮气边界 8 字盲板处于开位

(P) - 确认生产水边界 8 字盲板处于盲位

[P] - 联系将生产水边界 8 字盲板处于开位

型式装置水冷却水生活水消防水

号 V Oper. Spare Oper. Spare 负荷时数电量

控制范围：反应器入口温度 312-TI-030 ； 290±10 ℃ ；反应器出口温度

(2) 支线：逐线贯通，严禁超压。