Sayed Md.

Kowser Hamid 1

DNA Isolation & Biotechnology

The main purpose of the laboratory was to provide ideas about DNA isolation and

biotechnology. The smallest unit of the organism is the cell. These cells contain the nucleus.

Inside the nucleus are chromosomes, inside the chromosome is DNA, and a specific piece of

DNA is a gene. This DNA is the signal of the language of life. This means that DNA is the basic

physical and functional unit of the organism and carries the characteristics of the organism from

generation to generation. So everyone needs to know about DNA and DNA isolation.

The methodology of DNA isolation has been shown in the lab. DNA, the molecular unit of

heredity. Each strand of DNA is made up of a nucleotide chain, which looks a lot like a spiral

staircase. DNA is first isolated from other cell components such as proteins, RNA, and lipids.

The selected cells are separated by mechanical and chemical processes in a tube and inserted into

the liquid cell mixed with enzymes, chemicals and salts. The enzyme works to dissolve the

protein, destroying all the RNA present in the cell and helping to separate the DNA from the

chemical and salt solution. The DNA isolated from the solvent is then rotated vigorously in a

centrifuge machine. This makes it easy to collect samples from the bottom of the tube. Its

collected samples are then mixed with another solvent to make it easier to use in the future. The

DNA isolation method of the fruit has also been discussed in the lab.

DNA isolation is a sophisticated method by which the DNA in a cell is analyzed to create a

diagram of an organism that can be used to accurately identify it in the future. So in real-world it

has numerous applications. Below are some descriptions of it-

 DNA graph in criminal identification

 Sayed Md. Kowser Hamid 2

DNA tracing usually helps to identify the real culprit. When more than one suspect is caught in a

criminal act, the real culprit can be identified through DNA grading.

 DNA graph in determining paternity

Many times there is a conflict over motherhood. DNA tracing is useful in solving such

controversial issues. Significantly, since the child receives half of the father's DNA and half of

the mother's DNA, half of the parent's DNA is similar to the child's DNA.

 DNA graphs to identify deformed corpses

Usually, if a person's body or other parts are buried in the ground for a long time or burnt in

some way, that is, if the body is deformed, it cannot be easily identified. In this case the help of

DNA graph is taken for identification. First, DNA is collected from that body in a specific way,

from its various cells or from bone cells. DNA is often collected from unaltered hair.

DNA graph can only be obtained through DNA isolation. So its application in real life cannot be

described in detail.