Operacion Hidraulico 320l Prefijo 9kk

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Systems Operation
SMCS - 5050
Feller Buncher Auxiliary Hydraulic System

Introduction
When the words "use again" are in the description, the specification given can be used to determine
if a part can be used again. If the part is equal to or within the specification given, use the part again.
When the word "permissible" is in the description, the specification given is the "maximum or
minimum" tolerance permitted before adjustment, repair and/or new parts are needed.
A comparison can be made between the measurements of a worn part and the specifications of a
new part to find the amount of wear. A part that is worn can be returned to service if an estimate of
the remainder of its service life is good. If a short service life is expected, replace the part.
The main components of the Feller Buncher auxiliary hydraulic system are the auxiliary hydraulic
pump for the saw circuit, the five valve bank valve group and the five valve bank solenoids.
The auxiliary hydraulic pump is a bent axis, variable displacement type pump and is mounted to the
main pump housing. The five valve bank valve group is pilot actuated with a midsection inlet that is
configured to power a high speed saw. One bank supplies oil to the high speed saw circuit and the
remaining four valves receive oil from the auxiliary stem of the main control valve. These four
valves control the grab, accumulator and side tilt cylinders. The fourth valve is not used but is
provided for use with a low speed (stop and go) saw. Contact your Caterpillar dealer for instructions
on how to convert the auxiliary hydraulic system from the high speed configuration to the low speed
configuration.
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Auxiliary Pump (1).
Hydraulic oil for the saw circuit is supplied by auxiliary pump (1).
Auxiliary Main Control Valve (2).
Hydraulic oil for the grab, accumulator and side tilt circuits are supplied by the main pumps through
auxiliary main control valve (2).
Saw Operation (High Speed)

Pilot System Operation
Five valve bank and five valve bank solenoids.

(1) Switch. (2) Solenoid. (3) Line.
The saw circuit is activated when the hydraulic actuation control lever is placed in the unlocked
position which allows pilot oil pressure to close oil pressure switch (1). When the saw switch (at
right side of operator) is moved to the START position, the circuit is closed. This sends electrical
current and energizes solenoid (2).
Hydraulic actuation control valve.

(3) Line.
Five valve bank and five valve bank solenoids.

(3) Line. (4) Line. (5) Line. (6) Saw valve. (7) Switch.
When solenoid (2) is energized, a spool is shifted, pilot pressure oil from the hydraulic actuation
control valve goes through line (3) to the solenoid valve and then through line (5) to saw valve (6) of
the five valve bank.
The function of oil pressure switch (7) is to send a signal to the auxiliary pressure switch terminal on
the controller. This disables the automatic engine speed control and derates the main pump controls
when the controller is not set to Power Mode III and Engine Dial Speed 10.
NOTE: For proper saw operation, the machine should always be operated in Power Mode III and
Engine Dial Speed 10.
Pilot oil from the upper end of the saw valve spool goes through line (4) back to the solenoid valve
manifold to a tank return port below the cab.
Saw Pump Oil Flow (Saw ON)
Lines Group (Side View)

(6) Saw valve. (8) Line. (9) Line. (10) Line.
With saw valve (6) in the shifted position, line (8) supplies hydraulic oil from the hydraulic tank to
the suction side of the auxiliary pump. Oil flows from the auxiliary pump through line (9) to the
lower port of the midsection inlet of the five valve bank. The oil then flows through the lower port
of saw valve (6) to the saw. The return line from the saw goes to the upper port of saw valve (6). Oil
then flows through line (10) to the tank port of the main control valves.
The auxiliary pump is at full displacement when the saw has not been activated. The saw valve
spool (spring centered) is a motor spool that connects the upper and lower ports to each other when
the saw spool is not actuated. This motor spool prevents cavitation of the saw motor by allowing the
saw motor to continue to coast when the saw circuit is turned off.
When the saw is turned on, pressure developed by the auxiliary pump increases to the setting of the
pump pressure compensator. When the pressure increases to that level, the pump destrokes to limit
the horsepower output from the pump. The saw motor compensator pressure is set at 24 800 kPa
(3600 psi)
NOTE: Some motors contain an orifice that limit the speed of a change in the motor displacement.
This orifice may need to be removed to get an adequate response of the motor controls and therefore
adequate saw respeed times. Contact the saw motor manufacturer for additional information.
When the saw is started, the motor displacement is at minimum. As the pressure in the circuit rises
above the setting of the motor compensator, the displacement changes to the maximum setting of the
motor. This ensures that the maximum torque is available for accelerating the saw. As the saw
reaches maximum speed, pressure drops and the saw motor displacement is reduced to the minimum
displacement. This maintains saw speed with minimum pump flow.
Side Tilt Operation
Lines Group
(1) Line. (3) Line. (4) Solenoid. (5) Solenoid.
The side tilt circuit allows the saw to be tilted from side to side. This operation is used to align the
saw with a tree to be cut when the machine is positioned on a slope that is not perpendicular to the
tree.
Pilot Oil Flow

When the left side of the rocker switch on top of the left joystick (side tilt left) is activated, electrical
current flows to solenoid (4) and solenoid (5).
Solenoid (5) shifts the auxiliary stem in the main control valve to supply oil from the main pumps
for side tilt, grab and accumulator functions. Solenoid (5) directs pilot oil through line (1) to the
auxiliary stem of the main control valve. This pushes the stem down and allows oil from the main
pump to travel through the auxiliary stem to the five valve bank.
Solenoid (4) directs pilot oil through line (3) to the top of the side tilt valve. This causes the stem to
shift and direct (main pump) oil to the upper port of the side tilt valve.
Main Pump Oil Flow (Side Tilt Left)
Lines Group (Side view)

(1) Upper Port. (2) Line. (3) Line.
The main (upper) pump oil flows through the auxiliary stem of the main control valve and through
line (2) to upper port (1) on the midsection inlet (of the five valve bank). This inlet directs oil to the
four valves of the valve bank to the right of the port. These valves are in parallel.
The oil flows from the upper port of the side tilt valve to the side tilt cylinder. Return oil from the
side tilt cylinder flows to the lower port of the side tilt valve. This return oil is then directed to the
return port of the main control valve through line (3).
The side tilt valve end caps have adjustable screws that limit the travel of the stem. This allows
adjustment of the speed of the side tilt function.
The grab and accumulator circuits work in a similar manner to the side tilt circuit. The grab and
accumulator close ports are the upper ports of the five valve bank. The grab and accumulator open
ports are the lower ports of the five valve bank.
Auxiliary Pump Operation
Auxiliary pump.
(1) Pressure (working) port. (2) Pressure compensator. (3) Suction port. (4) Minimum angle stop. (5) Rotating group. (6)
Drive Shaft. (7) Spring. (8) Valve plate. (9) Link. (10) Passage. (11) Barrel.
Drive shaft (6) is driven by the auxiliary drive of the main pump. Drive shaft (6) turns rotating group
(5). Link (9) controls the angle of displacement as determined by the pump regulator.
Oil from the hydraulic tank goes into the pump through suction port (3). At start-up, pressure from
spring (7) holds valve plate (8) at the maximum displacement angle. When the system pressure
reaches the setting of pressure compensator (2), the system pressure at passage (10) overcomes the
pressure of spring (7).
This causes movement of the pump regulator which destrokes the pump by the mechanical
connection of link (9), valve plate (8) and barrel (11). The pump regulator will then upstroke or
destroke the pump as needed to maintain the system pressure set by pressure compensator (2). The
pump remains at maximum displacement until the system pressure reaches the pressure compensator
setting. The pump will then destroke and maintain system pressure.
NOTE: For a more detailed explanation of pump operation, see "Pump Operation" in Form No.
SENR5405. This pump has a similar operation.
Main And Line Relief Valves

A main relief valve is used to limit pressure in the saw circuit. A main relief valve is used to limit
pressure in the side tilt, grab and accumulator circuits. Line relief valves are in the line between each
cylinder and its control valve. With an outside force acting against a cylinder (with the control valve
in the NEUTRAL position), the pressure in the cylinder and the circuit to the control valve
increases. The line relief valve limits this pressure.
When an outside force acts on a cylinder (with the control valve in the NEUTRAL position), the
cylinder piston will try to move. A vacuum occurs in the cylinder. The makeup part of the valve
sends part of the return oil to the cylinder which removes the vacuum condition.
Line Relief Valve (Closed Position) (Typical Illustration)

(1) Passage. (2) Valve. (3) Valve. (4) Spring chamber. (5) Valve. (6) Spring. (7) Piston. (8) Orifice. (9) Return passage.
High pressure oil from the line between each cylinder and its control valve goes through passage (1)
and enters the line relief valve. The oil then goes through orifice (8), through the hole of piston (7)
and into spring chamber (4). As long as the oil pressure does not exceed the line relief valve
pressure setting, valve (5) is kept closed by the force of spring (6). This equalizes the pressure in
passage (1) and spring chamber (4). Because there is more surface area on the spring chamber side
of valves (2) and (3) than on the cylinder passage side, both valves are shifted all the way to the left
and held in position. Oil flow from passage (1) is now blocked to return passage (9).
Line Relief Valve (Open Position) (Typical Illustration)

(1) Passage. (3) Valve. (4) Spring chamber. (5) Valve. (6) Spring. (7) Piston. (8) Orifice. (9) Return passage. (10) Valve
chamber. (11) Passage. (12) Passage.
As oil pressure in passage (1) increases to the relief valve setting, valve (5) shifts to the right (open
position) against the force of spring (6). The oil from valve chamber (10) now goes through passage
(12) to return passage (9). The oil pressure in valve chamber (10) decreases. Oil pressure from
passage (1) moves piston (7) to the right to make contact with the left end face of valve (5). The oil
from passage (1) now goes around piston (7), through orifice (8) and the hole of piston (7). The oil
then goes through spring chamber (4) and into valve chamber (10). Because the oil flow is restricted
at the outer circumference of piston (7), the oil pressure in spring chamber (4) is decreased. Valve
(3) now moves to the right opening passage (11). The oil will now flow from passage (1) to return
passage (9).
320L SUPPLEMENT FOR TRACK-TYPE EXCAVATOR /FELLER BUNCHE... Página 10 de 21
Line Relief Valve (Makeup Valve In Operation) (Typical Illustration)

(1) Passage. (2) Valve. (3) Valve. (4) Spring chamber. (8) Orifice. (9) Return passage. (13) Shoulder.
When oil is lost through operation of the line relief valve for the rod end of a cylinder, the oil has to
be made up (replaced) in the head end to prevent a vacuum condition.
When oil is lost through operation of the line relief valve for the head end of a cylinder, the oil has
to be made up (replaced) in the rod end to prevent a vacuum condition.
Because passage (1) is connected to spring chamber (4) through orifice (8), a vacuum can occur in
passage (1) and spring chamber (4). Oil pressure from return passage (9) acts on shoulder (13) of
valve (2). The back side of shoulder (13) receives the negative pressure occurred in spring chamber
(4). Valve (2) moves to the right. Now the oil from return passage (9) goes to passage (1) as makeup
oil, removing the vacuum condition in passage (1).
Five Valve Bank Oil Flow
320, 325, And 330 Feller Buncher Five Valve Bank Hydraulic schematic.
(1) Port. (2) Port. (3) Port. (4) Port. (5) Port. (6) Port. (7) Port. (8) Port. (9) Port. (10) Port. (11) Port. (12) Port. (13) Port.
322 Feller Buncher Five Valve Bank Hydraulic schematic.

320, 325, And 330 Feller Five Valve Bank.

322 Feller Buncher Five Valve Bank.

For the saw circuit, the main oil flow from the auxiliary pump flows into port (11). When the spool
in the saw valve is shifted to start saw operation, the oil flows out port (1) to the saw motor and back
to port (2). The return oil flows out port (12) and on to tank.
For the other circuits, the oil flow is similar, but the main oil comes from the main pump through the
auxiliary spool of the main control valves and into port (13).
(14) Stroke limiters.
The side tilt circuit has stroke limiters (14) that are used to limit the movement of the spool in the
side tilt valve. As the stroke limiter is turned clockwise, the side tilt movement is slower. As the
stroke limiter is turned counter-clockwise, the side tilt movement becomes more rapid.
Log Loader Auxiliary Hydraulic System

Introduction
The main components of the Log Loader auxiliary hydraulic system are fixed displacement auxiliary
pump, a solenoid valve group with relief valve, a solenoid valve group for the grapple circuit,
control handles and various lines. The solenoid valve group with relief valve controls the rotator
circuit. This valve gets oil from the auxiliary pump. The other solenoid valve controls the auxiliary
stem of the main control valves to provide flow to the grapple circuit.
C Rotator Operation
Log Loader auxiliary hydraulics (Top view)

(2) Solenoid valve. (3) Valve. (4) Hose. (5) Hose. (6) Hose. (7) Hose.
Log Loader auxiliary hydraulics (Right side view)

(2) Solenoid valve. (3) Valve. (4) Hose. (5) Hose. (6) Hose. (7) Hose.
Solenoid valve.
(1) Pressure switch. (2) Solenoid valve.
With the hydraulic actuation control lever in the unlocked position, pressure switch (1) senses pilot
pressure and closes. The purpose of the switch is to complete the electrical circuit for rotator
operation.
320, 325, and 330 Rotator valve.

(3) Valve. (4) Hose. (5) Hose. (6) Hose. (7) Hose.
322 Rotator valve.

(3) Valve. (4) Hose. (5) Hose. (6) Hose. (7) Hose.
When the right side of the top switch of the left joystick is depressed for rotate clockwise operation,
the circuit is closed and current is provided the rear solenoid of valve (3). The solenoid closes and
shifts the stem in the valve which directs oil from the auxiliary pump through hose (4) to the
"IN" [pressure port (11) of valve (3)]. This oil flows through the valve to the C1 port (8) which is
connected to hose (5). Oil flow through hose (5) causes clockwise rotation of the rotator.
320, 325, and 330 Rotator valve. (Hydraulic schematic)

(8) C1 Port. (9) C2 Port. (10) Relief valve. (11) Pressure port. (12) Tank port.
322 Rotator valve. (Hydraulic schematic)

320, 325, and 330 Rotator valve. (Top view)

(8) C1 Port. (9) C2 Port. (10) Relief valve.
320, 325, and 330 Rotator valve. (Front view)

(10) Relief valve. (11) Pressure port. (12) Tank port.
322 Rotator valve. (Top view)

Return oil from the rotator flows through hose (6) to C2 port (9) of valve (3). With the stem shifted
for clockwise rotation, oil flows from C2 port (9) of valve (3), through the valve to tank port (12).
Hose (7) connects tank port (12) of valve (3) to the hydraulic tank.
When the left side of the top switch of the right joystick is depressed for rotate counterclockwise
operation, the circuit is closed and current is provided the front solenoid of valve (3). The solenoid
closes and shifts the stem in the valve which directs oil from the auxiliary pump through hose (4) to
pressure port (11) of valve (3). This oil flows through the valve to C2 port (9) which is connected to
hose (6). Oil flow through hose (6) causes counterclockwise rotation of the rotator.
Return oil from the rotator flows through hose (5) to C1 port (8) of valve (3). With the stem shifted
for counterclockwise rotation, oil flows from C1 port (8) of valve (3), through the valve to tank port
(12). Hose (7) connects tank port (12) of valve (3) to the hydraulic tank.
If the pressure in the relief valve circuit rises above the setting of relief valve (10) in valve (3), oil is
directed through tank port (12) back to the hydraulic tank. When valve (3) is not shifted for rotator
operation, oil flow from the pump is directed to tank port (12) and back to the hydraulic tank.
Grapple Operation
Log Loader auxiliary hydraulics (Top view)

(1) Hydraulic actuation control valve. (2) Hose. (3) Valve. (4) Hose. (5) Auxiliary valve. (6) Hose. (7) Hose.
Log Loader auxiliary hydraulics (Right side view)

(1) Hydraulic actuation control valve. (2) Hose. (3) Valve. (4) Hose. (5) Auxiliary valve. (6) Hose. (7) Hose.
This circuit allows the grapple on the heel boom to be opened or closed. When the hydraulic
actuation control lever is placed in the unlocked position, pilot oil is directed from the A2 port of
hydraulic actuation control valve (1) through hose (2) to valve (3). Hose (2) is connected to the "IN"
port of valve (3). When the bottom side of the rocker switch on the front of the left joystick (Grapple
open function) is depressed, electrical current causes the spool in valve (3) to shift and direct oil
flow to the C1 port. From the C1 port, oil flows through hose (4) to the bottom stem of auxiliary
valve (5). The auxiliary valve stem shifts and main pump oil is directed to the lower port of the
valve. The lower port of the auxiliary valve is connected to the rod end of the grapple cylinders.
The return oil from the head end of the grapple cylinders goes into the upper port of the auxiliary
valve. Return (pilot) oil from the top stem of the auxiliary valve flows through hose (6) to the C2
port of valve (3). From the C2 port of valve (3), the oil flows through hose (7) to B1 port of valve
(1) and then to the hydraulic tank.
When the bottom side of the front rocker switch (grapple close) on the right joystick is depressed,
electrical current causes the spool to shift in valve (3) which directs pilot oil to the C2 port of valve
(3). Pilot oil from the C2 port of valve (3) flows through hose (6) to the top stem of auxiliary valve
(5) and causes the stem to shift. When auxiliary valve (5) is shifted downward, the main pump oil is
directed to the grapple through the top port of the auxiliary valve. The return oil from the grapple
would then be directed through the bottom port of the auxiliary valve.

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320L SUPPLEMENT FOR TRACK-TYPE EXCAVATOR /FELLER BUNCHER ...

Feller Buncher Auxiliary Hydraulic System

Auxiliary Pump (1).

Auxiliary Main Control Valve (2).

Saw Operation (High Speed)

Five valve bank and five valve bank solenoids.

Hydraulic actuation control valve.

Five valve bank and five valve bank solenoids.

Saw Pump Oil Flow (Saw ON)

Lines Group (Side View)

Side Tilt Operation

Pilot Oil Flow

Main Pump Oil Flow (Side Tilt Left)

Lines Group (Side view)

Auxiliary Pump Operation

Main And Line Relief Valves

Line Relief Valve (Closed Position) (Typical Illustration)

Line Relief Valve (Open Position) (Typical Illustration)

Line Relief Valve (Makeup Valve In Operation) (Typical Illustration)

Five Valve Bank Oil Flow

322 Feller Buncher Five Valve Bank Hydraulic schematic.

320, 325, And 330 Feller Five Valve Bank.

322 Feller Buncher Five Valve Bank.

(14) Stroke limiters.

Log Loader Auxiliary Hydraulic System

Log Loader auxiliary hydraulics (Top view)

Log Loader auxiliary hydraulics (Right side view)

320, 325, and 330 Rotator valve.

322 Rotator valve.

320, 325, and 330 Rotator valve. (Hydraulic schematic)

322 Rotator valve. (Hydraulic schematic)

320, 325, and 330 Rotator valve. (Top view)

320, 325, and 330 Rotator valve. (Front view)

322 Rotator valve. (Top view)

Log Loader auxiliary hydraulics (Top view)

Log Loader auxiliary hydraulics (Right side view)

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