Grammar reference

Unit 3 • Para formar el pasado simple en negativo se utiliza

was/were: afirmativa y negativa
afirmativa
I / He / She / It was calm.
We / You / They were calm.
negativa
I / He / She / It wasn’t calm.
We / You / They weren’t calm.
sujeto + didn’t (did not) + infinitivo sin to. Did no
cambia al cambiar de persona.
He didn’t grow up in England. No creció en Inglaterra.
was/were: interrogativas
interrogativa respuestas cortas

• Was y were son las formas del pasado simple del Yes, I / he / she / it was.
Was I / he / she / it friendly?
verbo be. No, I / he / she / it wasn’t.
He was a tennis player. Era tenista. Yes, we / you / they were.
Were we / you / they friendly?
They weren’t actors. No eran actores. No, we / you / they weren’t.
Pasado simple: afirmativa y negativa
• Para formular preguntas con el verbo be en pasado,
afirmativa se utiliza was/were antes del sujeto.
I / You / He / She / It / We / They lived in Paris.
Was he a champion? ¿Era campeón?
• En las respuestas cortas, se utiliza yes/no y se repite
• El pasado simple se utiliza para expresar el verbo.
acontecimientos y acciones finalizados en el pasado. A: Was he a champion? B: Yes, he was.
We played basketball yesterday. A: ¿Era campeón? B: Sí.
She went to the theatre school. • Para formular preguntas informativas, se pone la
Ayer jugamos a baloncesto. partícula interrogativa de tipo Wh- delante de was/
Fue a la escuela de teatro. were.
Where was she born? ¿Dónde nació?
Pasado simple: ortografía
Pasado simple: interrogativas
verbos regulares añadir -ed
want – wanted stay – stayed (partícula did sujeto infinitivo
interrogativa)
verbos acabados añadir -d
en -e like – liked live – lived I / you
verbos acabados eliminar la -y y añadir -ied – Did he / she / it agree?
en consonante copy – copied study – studied we / you / they
+ -y What did you decide?
verbos acabados doblar la consonante final y añadir -ed
en consonante + shop – shopped stop – stopped respuestas cortas
vocal + consonante Yes, I / you / he / she / it / we / you / they did.
No, I / you / he / she / it / we / you / they didn’t.
• Algunos verbos son irregulares en el pasado simple y
no siguen ningún patrón. • Las preguntas en pasado simple se formulan con did +
do – did get – got have – had sujeto + infinitivo. Did no cambia.
hacer – hizo obtener – obtuvo tener – tuvo Did it rain yesterday? ¿Llovió, ayer?
• Ver la lista de verbos irregulares en la página 128. • Para formular preguntas informativas, se pone la
• Con el pasado simple se pueden utilizar expresiones partícula interrogativa de tipo Wh- delante de did.
como yesterday, last night, last week, last Where did you get your trainers?
weekend y last summer. ¿Dónde te compraste las zapatillas?
I got a new laptop yesterday.
Ayer me compré un ordenador portátil nuevo. ago
• Se utiliza ago con el pasado simple y con un periodo de
sujeto didn’t infinitivo otras palabras tiempo para hablar de cuándo pasó algo en el pasado.
I / You / He / Ago se pone después del periodo de tiempo.
didn’t watch TV last night. I started this school three years ago.
She / It / We /
didn’t grow up in London.
You / They Empecé en este colegio hace tres años.

106 Grammar reference

Grammar practice 3
was/were: affirmative and Past simple: questions
negative 5 Write past simple questions and short
1 Complete the text with was(n’t) or were(n’t). answers about the people in the table.
At school, I 1 wasn’t (not) very good at sport Helen Sam and Abby Richard
but I 2
good at dancing. My friends
eat pizza ✗ ✓ ✓
3
all crazy about football. They
4
(not) interested in dancing. I saw my go shopping ✓ ✗ ✗
first ballet when I 5 12 years old. It
6
amazing! 1 Did Helen eat pizza ?
No , she didn’t .
2 ?
Past simple: affirmative and , .
negative 3 ?
, .
2 Complete the table with the verbs in the box.
4 ?
dance like stop study travel try wait , .
5 ?
, .
add -ed ending in remove -y double the 6 ?
-e, add -d and add final consonant , .
-ied and add -ed
1 waited 2 4 6 6 Complete the question for each answer.
3 5 7 1 A: What did you drink ?
B: I drank some lemonade.
2 A: Where ?
3 Write sentences with the past simple. B: He went to a concert.
1 Tim / play / football / yesterday
3 A: When ?
Tim played football yesterday. B: They started school in September.
2 Joanna / go skiing / last winter
4 A: Who ?
B: She met her sister.
3 Gina and Tony / grow up / in Canada
5 A: What ?
B: He ate some sandwiches.
4 We / not want / to practise the piano
6 A: Why ?
B: They stayed at home because it was raining.
5 I / not play / tennis at school

ago
was/were: questions 7 Put the words in the correct order.
1 We / two days / played / ago / football
4 Write questions with was and were. We played football two days ago.
1 Where / she born
2 a few minutes / saw / I / ago / her
Where was she born ?
2 What / her first film
3 ago / finished / an hour / She / her homework
?
3 What / her favourite subjects at school
4 made / ago / a long time / He / a film
?
4 you / interested in acting at school
5 was / two months / ago / My birthday
?
5 your father / a film director
6 in Italy / We / ago / were / two weeks
?
Grammar practice 107