P.

E Reviewer First aid – The immediate and temporay care

given to an ill/injured person until professional
Fitness and Health
medical care can be provided
a. Physically Healthy
b. Mentally Healthy Emergency Action Principles
c. Spiritually Healthy 1. Action Planning
d. Emotionally Healthy 2. Gathering of materials
e. Healthy 3. Remember the initial response A- ask for
f. Healthy help I – Intervene D- do not further harm
4. Instruction to helpers
Factors
Emergency Situation
a. Proper Diet – go, glow, grow foods
b. Regular exercise – for blood circulation a. Survey the scene
c. Balanced Lifestyle -safeness
-enough rest and sleep -what happened
-optimistic outlook in life -get consent to give care
-organized and priorities_ -how many
-good hygiene -identify yourself/trust
-good relations with fam and friends
-interests and hobbies b. Activate advanced medical assistance and
-determined to succeed transport facility
-ethics values and spirituality - Care first or call frst
- By standers can call
7 Dimensions of well being
a. Physical Wellness c. Do a primary survey
b. Emotional wellness -If conscious checkthe responsiveness
c. Intellectual Wellness Alert
d. Social Wellness Voice
e. Career Wellness Pain
f. Environmental wellness -If unconscious
g. Spiritual Wellness Circulation
h. Healthy Air way
Breathing
Barries to Physical act. And exercise
d. Secondary survey
a. Lack of time
- Interview the victim’s name
b. Social Influence
What happened
c. Lack of energy
Sample history
d. Lack of motivation
- Sign or symptoms
e. Fear of injury
- Allergies
f. Lack of skill
- Check for vital sign
g. Lack of resources
- Determine breathing
h. Weatherr conditions, travel or vacation
- Skin appearance
i. Healthy
- Check and compare pupil of both eyes
FITT Principle
a. Frequency – how often you exercised
Characteristics of a good first aider
b. Intensity – how much effort you exert
c. Type – what kind of exercise GORTS
d. Time – how long you will exercise
G- Gentle
O- Observant
R- Resourceful 3. Eyelid (lower) down while looking up, vice
versa
T- Tactful
4. Cotton swab
S- Sympathetic 5. Flush the eye with sterile soline soluton or water
titlt to the side (head)
Type of injuries 6. If with contact lenses, flush the eyes first and
a. Abrasion – small srape on the surface remove the object
b. Laceration – a cut can slice through layers of Strains and Sprains
skin
c. Puncture – a small but deep hole caused by only Strains – muscles
object that pierces skin
Sprains – Ligaments
d. Avulsion – when tissue is partially or
completely separated from the body, causes R – rest – avoid movements
heavy bleeding
I – ice – 20mins every 3 hours for 3 days
First aid for bleeding
C – Compression – light pressure elastic wrap
- Put on gloves before cleaning the wound
E – Elevation – to reduce swelling
- Cover the wound with gauze/clean cloth
- Put sterile tape/ dressing
- Try and elevate above heart
- Call for help No Harm strategy

Types of burn H - Heat – Increase bleeding

a. First degree (Superficial) A – Alcohol – Bleeding and swelling

-Outer layer burn R – Running – Blood flow and delays healing
- wash with cold water
M – Massage- to reduce swelling, bleeding and healing
b. Second degree ( Partial thickness )
-Top several layers of skin are damage
-blisters
-cool burn with cold water
-wrap loosely with dry dressing

c. Third Degree
-fatss, muscle, nerves and bone
- cool down burn with cold water
-cover with a dry cloth
-immediately rush to the hospital

First aid for nosebleed

1. Keep person quiet
2. Breath with mouth
3. Sit down and lean forward
4. Press the bleeding nostril
5. Maintain pressure (15mins)
6. If continues seek medical help
Object in eye
1. Do not rub, blink many times
2. Wash hands
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