English Literature

ইংরেজি সাজিরযেে যুগ ও ব্েজিকাল

The Old English (or Anglo-Saxon) Period (450-1066)
The Middle English Period (1066-1500)
The Renaissance (1500-1660)
The Elizabethan Age (1558-1603)
The Jacobean Age (1603-1625)
The Caroline Age (1625-1649)
The Commonwealth Period (or Puritan Interregnum) (1649-1660)
The Neoclassical Period (1660-1785)
The Restoration (1660-1700)
The Augustan Age (or Age of Pope) (1700-1745)
The Age of Sensibility (or Age of Johnson) (1745-1785)
The Romantic Period (1785-1830)
The Victorian Period (1832-1901)
The Pre-Raphaelites (1848-1860)
Aestheticism and Decadence (1880-1901)
The Edwardian Period (1901-1914)
The Georgian Period (1910-1936)
The Modern Period (1914-1945)
Postmodern Period (1945-present)

(এই যু গ সম্পর্কে বিবিন্ন গর্িষক ও লেখকর্ের মতর্িে আর্ে)

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বিবিন্ন যু র্গর সাবিতয বিপ্লি

FeaturEs of English Literature Era

The Anglo-Saxon Period (the earliest time---1066)

1. Social background: the making of England; the invasion of Roman Empire
th
in 4 AD ; the attacks of Danish Vikings, etc
2. Literature: Beowulf , the earliest literature, the national epic of the Anglo-
Saxon, one of the striking features - the use of alliteration

 Epic------a long narrative poem in elevated style presenting characters

of high position in a series of Adventures which form an organic
whole. The earliest epic: Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey
 lliteration------In alliterative verse, certain accented words in a line
begin with the same consonant sound.
th
The Medieval Period (1066---15 century)
1. Social background: the Norman conquest under William, Duke of
Normandy, the battle of Hastings in 1066; the mark of establishment of
feudalism
2. Literature: Langland ; English Ballad; Romance; Chaucer
Langland------“Piers the Plowman” and allegory
Allegory------a form of extended metaphor in which objects, persons
and actions in a narrative are equated with the meanings that lie
outside the narrative itself. It attempts to evoke a dual interest, one in
the events, characters and setting presented, and the other in the ideas
2
they’re intended to convey or the significance they bear. For example,

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ideas of patience, purity, and truth are symbolized by the persons who
are characters in the story.
ballad------the most important department of English folk literature; a
story told in song, usually in 4-line stanzas, with the second and fourth
lines rhymed. Of paramount importance are the ballads of Robin Hood.

Romance------the most prevailing kind of literature in feudal England; a

long composition, sometimes in verse, sometimes in prose, describing
the life and adventures of a noble hero. The romances had nothing to
do with the common people. They were composed for the noble, of the
noble, and in most cases by the poets patronized by the noble. The
romance of King Arthur is comparatively the more important for the
history of English literature.
Chaucer------the founder of English poetry; the father of English poetry;
introduction of the rhymed stanza of various types from France to
st
English poetry, instead of the old alliterative verse; the 1 great poet
who wrote in the English language; making the London dialect the
standard for the modern English speech.
th
The Canterbury Tales------a picture of the 14 century England;
beginning with a general prologue; with the influence of Boccaccio’s
“Decameron”.
th th
English Renaissance (15 and 16 century)
1. Social background: Hundred Years’ War and civil wars; the weakening of
nobility and the rising of bourgeoisie; the new Monarchy; the Reformation
and the weakening of the power of church; Enclosure movement and
commercial expansion 3
2. Literature: Renaissance; Humanism; Thomas More; Edmund Spencer;
Francis Bacon; drama Renaissance------The Renaissance marks the transition

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from the medieval to the modern world; It means rebirth or revival of

letters; It is a historical period in which thinkers and scholars made attempts
to get rid of those old feudalist ideas, to introduce new ideas that expressed
the interest of the rising bourgeoisie, and to recover the purity of the early
church from the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church. Two features are
striking of this movement: thirsting curiosity for the classical literature and
the keen interest in the activities of humanity.
 Humanism------key-note of the Renaissance; emphasis on the dignity of
human beings and the importance of the present life; belief in the
right to enjoy the beauty of this life and the ability to perfect himself
and to perform wonders.
 Thomas More and his Utopia
 Edmund Spencer and his The Faerie Queen; his reputation known as
“the poets’ poet”
 rancis Bacon---the first English essayist, famous for his Essays
3. Drama---the highest glory of the English Renaissance with Christopher
Marlowe, Shakespeare and Ben Jonson

 Christopher Marlowe---the most gifted of the “university wits”, Doctor

Faustus, blank verse first used in his drama.
 Ben Jonson---his praise of Shakespeare; “Volpone”
Soul of the Age
The applause! delight! the wonder of our stage!

To whom all scenes of Europe homage owe.

He was not of an age, but for all time!
 Shakespeare---his life, his works, his status 4

 His life---born in 1564 in Stratford-on Avon, died in 1616

 His works---38 plays, 154 sonnets and 2 long poems
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Years of experiments/apprenticeship (mainly history plays)

Henry VI
Richard III
The Taming of the Shrew
Years of great comedies and mature historical plays
A Midsummer Night’s Dream
The Merchant of Venice
As You Like It
Twelfth Night
Years of greatest tragedies and dark comedies
Hamlet
Othello
King Lear
Macbeth
Years of romantic tragicomedies
Cymbeline
The Winter’s Tale
The Tempest
Sonnet:- poem in 14 lines with rhyme scheme; Rhyme scheme of
Shakespearian sonnet: abab cdcd efef gg
Status:- universally acknowledged to be the summit of the English
Renaissance, one of the greatest writers in the world.
th
The Period of Revolution and Restoration (the 17 century)
1.Social background: the clash between the King and Parliament; the Civil
War between 1642-1649; Charles I was executed in 1649; the declining of
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Cromwell’s Commonwealth and the compromise with the feudal remnants.
2. Literature: John Milton; John Bunyan; John Dryden; Metaphysical poets

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Milton---a revolutionary poet, political both in his life and his art;
Paradise Lost, Paradise Regained, Samson Agonistes
Bunyan---The Pilgrim’s Progress, a religious allegory, the spiritual
pilgrimage of Christian
Dryden---the most distinguished literary figure of the Restoration
period; use of heroic couplet in his writing
heroic couplet---two successive lines of verse, equal in length and with
rhyme.
Metaphysical school of poetry------break away from the convention;
simple diction, common speech words and cadences, actual life
imagery, argument with the poet’s beloved, with god, or with himself;
John Donne and Andrew Marvell.
John Donne---leading figure of the Metaphysical school of poetry, his
conceit
Marvel---“To his Coy Mistress”
th
The Period of Enlightenment and Classicism (the 18 century)
1. Social background: the age of Enlightenment or the age of Reason, a
progressive intellectual movement, to enlighten the whole world with the
light of modern philosophical and artistic idea, to celebrate reason, equality
and science, call for a reference to order, reason and rules.
2. Literature: the school of Classicism; the rise of modern novel;
Sentimentalism; Pre-Romanticism ; Sheridan’s drama
 Classicism---All forms of literature should be modeled after the classical
works of the ancient Greek and Roman writers, controlled by some fixed
laws and rules; Artistic ideals should be order, logic, restrained emotion
and accuracy, Addison, Steel and Pope as representative
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 Steel and “The Tattler”; Addison and “The Spectator”

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 Pope---the most important representative of Classical poetry, so perfect in

heroic couplet that no one has been able to approach him
 modern novel---the mid-century predominated by a new realistic novel,
Defoe, Swift, Richardson, fielding, Smollett and Sternes as representatives;
description of adventures
 Defoe and Robinson Crusoe Swift and Gulliver’s Travel
Richardson and Pamela Fielding and Tom Jones
Sterne and Tristan Shandy Smollett and Roderick Random
th
 Sentimentalism---By the mid of the 18 century, sentimentalism
came into being as the result of a bitter discontent among the
enlightened people with social reality. Dissatisfied with reason,
sentimentalists turned to sentiment, to the human heart. They
resorted to the countryside for its material. Sentimentalist poetry
marks the midway in the transition from classicism to romanticism.
 Thomas Gray and “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”
th
 Pre-Romanticism---the latter half of the 18 century; strong protest
against the bondage of classicism, a recognition of the claims of
passion and emotion; William Blake and Robert Burns as
representatives
 William Blake--- “The Songs of Innocence” and “The Songs of
Experience;” The poems from “The Songs of Innocence” indicate the
conditions which make religion a consolation, a prospect of illusory
happiness; the poems from “The Songs of Experience” reveal the
true nature of religion which brings misery to the poor children.

 Robert Burns---remembered mainly for his songs written in the

7
Scottish dialect

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th
 Sheridan---the only important English dramatist in the 18 century.
The Rivals and The School for Scandal, the true classics in English
comedy
th th
The Romantic Period (the turn of the 18 and 19 century)
1. Social background: two important revolutions---the French Revolution of
1789-1794 and the English Industrial Revolution
2. Literature: The Romantic period is an age of poetry; Wordsworth,
Coleridge, Byron, Shelly and Keats are the major Romantic poets; Prose
writers and novelists
 Romanticism---It designates a literary and philosophical theory which
tends to see the individual as the very center of all life and all
experience. It also places the individual at the center of art, making
literature most valuable as an expression of his or her unique feelings
and particular attitudes; Nature is not only the major source of poetic
imagery, but also provides the dominant subject matter; Romantics also
tend to be nationalistic.
 lake poets---The poet Wordsworth, Coleridge and Southey lived in the
lake district. They traversed the same path in politics and in poetry,
first inspired by French Revolution, later changed into conservative.
 Wordsworth---his definition of poetry “Poetry is the spontaneous
overflow of the powerful feelings” and poetry originates from “emotion
recollected in tranquility”; a nature poet; working in collaboration with
Coleridge in Lyrical Ballads.
 Coleridge---“Kubla Khan”, “Christabel” and “The Rime of the Ancient
Mariner”
 Byron---Don Juan, Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage
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 Shelley---Prometheus Unbound, “Ode to the West wind”

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 Keats---his mature and important odes, “ode to a Nightingale”, “Ode on

a Grecian Urn”
 prose writers---Hazlitt and Leigh Hunt, Thomas De Quincey and his
“Confessions of an English Opium Eater”, Charles Lamb and his “Essays
of Elia”
 Jane Austen---love and marriage as the major themes of her novels;
Pride and Prejudice, Sense and Sensibility, etc.
 Walter Scott---a romantic historical novelist, Ivanhoe
th
Critical Realistic Period (the mid and late 19 century)
1. Social background: the struggle between workers and capitalists; the
Chartist Movement; the Victorian morality
2. Literature: Fiction is the highest achievement with Dickens as its
representative.
th
 Critical Realism---Sticking to the faithful representation of the 18
century realist novel, critical realists carried their duty forward to the
criticism of the society and the defence of the mass. They were all
concerned about the fate of the common people. Their truthful picture
of people’s life and bitter and strong criticism of the society had done
much in awakening the public consciousness to the social problem and
in the actual improvement of the society.
 Charles Dickens---Oliver Twist about the dehumanizing workhouse
system and the dark, criminal underworld life; David Copperfield
concerned about the debtor’s prison; A Tale of Two Cities about French
Revolution; As a master story-teller, character-portrayal is the most
distinguishing feature of his works.
 Thackeray---Vanity Fair subtitled a novel without hero, a description of
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the evils of the upper society.

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 Brontë---Charlotte Brontë and her Jane Eyre, the struggle for basic
rights and equality; Emily Brontë and her Wuthering Heights, the
passionate love
 George Elliot and her Mill on the Floss
 poets---Tennyson and Browning; Tennyson is the most representative,
if not the greatest, Victorian poet ; In Memoriam, The Idylls of the
King; Browning as the most original poet of his time, his name is often
associated with the term “dramatic monologue”
 dramatic monologue---In a dramatic moment or crisis, the characters
are made to talk about their lives, and about their minds and hearts. In
“listening” to those one-sided talks, readers can form their own
opinions and judgments about the speaker’s personality and about what
has really happened.
th
 Literary trends at the end of the 19 century---Naturalism; Neo-
Romanticism; Aestheticism; Thomas Hardy
 Naturalism---literature must be true to life, and exactly reproduce real
life, including all the details without any selection. Naturalists usually
write about the lives of the poor and oppressed, or the “Slum life”.
 Neo-romanticism---Dissatisfied with the drab and ugly social reality and
yet trying to avoid the positive solution of the acute social
contradictions, the writers laid emphasis on the invention of exciting
adventures and fascinating stories. They led the novel back to story-
telling and romance; Robert Stevenson was a representative with
“Treasure Island” and “Dr Jekyll and Mr. Hyde”
 Aestheticism---theory of art-for-art’s sake, art should serve no religious,
moral or social end, nor any end except itself; Oscar Wilde and Walter
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Pater

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 Hardy---Wessex Novels, novels about characters and environment, the

description of vicissitudes of people who live in an agricultural setting
menaced by the forces of invading capitalism; The Return of the
Native, The Mayor of Casterbridge, Tess of the D’Urbervilles, Jude the
Obscure; Hardy is often regarded as a transitional writer, There is an
apparent nostalgic touch in his description of the simple and beautiful
primitive rural life.
th
The Modern Period (the 20 century)
1. Social background: the gap between the rich and the poor; the postwar
economic dislocation and spiritual disillusion; the rise of all kinds of
philosophical ideas---Karl Marx’s scientific socialism, Darwin’s theory
of Evolution, Schopenhauer and Nietzsche’s pessimism.
2. Literature: Modernism rises out of skepticism and disillusion of capitalism,
takes the irrational philosophy and the theory of psycho-analysis as its
theoretical base.
th
realistic novels in the 20 century---the continuation of the Victorian
tradition; The outstanding figures are John Galsworthy, H. G. Wells, and
Arnold Bennett; With the strong swing of leftism in the 1930s, novelists
began to turn their attention to the urgent social problems; In the
mid-1950s and early 1960s, there appeared “the Angry Young Men”,
launching a bitter protest against the outmoded social and political
values in their society, Kingsley Amis is the most important.
modernism in fiction---The first three decades of this century were
golden years of the modernist novels; The theory of the Freudian and
Jungian psycho-analysis played an important role; D. H. Lawrence
traced the psychological activities in his works Sons and Lovers,
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Women in Love, Lady Chatterley’s Lover, Rainbow
stream-of-consciousness school of novel---James Joyce, Virginia Woolf

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modernism in drama---the working-class drama and the Theater of

Absurd; John Osborne and the “Angry Young Man”; Samuel Beckett and
Waiting for Godot
th
drama in the 20 century---Bernard Shaw is considered to be the best-
known English dramatist since Shakespeare. His plays are inspired by
social criticism; John Galsworthy carried on this tradition of social
criticism; The Irish dramatic movement
modernism in poetry---a revolution against the conventional ideas and
forms of the Victorian poetry; The poems of Eliot and Yeats , the rise
of “modern poetry”

ইংর্রবি সাবির্তযর বিবিন্ন যু গ, সাে সি মর্ে রাখার লকৌশে

Old English পর়্ে MiRe Classical সাবিতয িাের্ত চাইর্ে Rovi Moredrn ও Post
Mordern সাবিতয িাোর্ো।
Old English - The Old English Period (450 - 1066)
Mi - The Middle English Period - (1066 - 1500)
Re - The Renaissance Period (1500-1600)
Classical - The Neo Classical Period (1600 - 1798)
Ro - The Romantic Period (1798 - 1832)
Vi - The Victorian Period (1832-1901)
Modern - The Modern Period (1901 - 1939)
Post Modern - The Post Modern Period (1939-present)

েন্দ আকার্র,
প়েবে বিবিন্ন যু র্গর ইংর্রবি সাবিতয
৪৫০ এ শুরু ইংর্রবি সাবির্তযর পুরাতে সাবিতয 12

১০৬৬ চো মধ্যম সাবিতয থার্ম ১৫০০ শতর্ক

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১৫০০ লরর্েসা সাক্ষাত পায় ক্লাবসর্কর ১৬৬০ এ

লরামাবিক কবিরা আর্স ১৭৯৮ লত
১৮ যু র্গর ৩২ কবিতার কবি বির্টাবরয়া
মর্োে যু গ চর্ে উবন্নশ এক বেয়া
৩৯ এ লেখা লেয় লপাস্ট মর্োে
20 th Century লত এখেও চেমাে।

ইংর্রবি সাবির্তয Elizabethan Period (১৫৫৮ - ১৬০৩) এর বিবশষ্ট সাবিবতযকর্ের োম মর্ে
রাখার লকৌশে
Shakespeare Lily লক বের্য় কর্র spenser এর িাব়ের্ত লগে। লসথায় Bacon আর kyd র
সার্থ লেখা ির্ো।
Shakespeare - William Shakespeare
Lily - John Lily
Spenser - Edmund Spenser
Bacon - Francis Bacon
kyd - Thomas kyd.

অথিা,
Eliza, Shakespeare লক Sponsor কর্র Sydney বের্য় Bacon খাইর্য় মারর্ো৷

Shakespeare - William Shakespeare

Sponsor - Edmund Spencer
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Sydney - Sir Philip Sydney
Bacon - Francis Bacon

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মারর্ো - Christopher Marlowe

অথিা, োইেীর্ক লের্ে িযাকে িেসে লমার সার্থ উইে কর্র বসর্বের েুষ্ট লকবর্ লক লেেসার
বের্য় মারে। এই লের্খ গ্রীে খুবশর্ত োর্চ।

োইেীর্ক John Lyly

লের্ে George Peele
িযাকে Francis Bacon
িেসে Ben Johnson
লমার Thomas More
সার্থ Norton and Sackville
উইে William Shakespeare
বসর্বে Philip Sydney
লকবর্ Thomas Kyd
লেেসার Edmund Spencer
মারর্ো Christopher Marlowe
গ্রীে Robert green
োর্চ Thomas Nashe

ইংর্রবি সাবির্তয Romantic Period (১৭৯৮-১৮৩২) এর বিবশষ্ট সাবিবতযকর্ের োম মর্ে রাখার
লকৌশে 14
Shelley’র BBLACK িক্স লের্খ words worth এিং Hazlitt অিাক ির্য় যায়।
Shelley - PB Shelley
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B - William Blake
B - Lord Byron
L - Charles lamb
A - Jane Austen
C - S.T Coleridge
K - John Keats
words worth – William Wordsworth
Hazlitt - William Hazlitt
অথিা,
wow shelley 2 BCS বের্ত LAMB জ্বাবের্য় UK পর়্ে।
WO William Wordsworth (Nature poet)
W William Hazlitt
Shelley 2 P.B Shelley (Revolutionary poet)

Mrs. Shelley
B Lord Byron (Rebel Poet)
C Samuel Taylor Coleridge (Opium eater)
S Sir Walter Scott
L Charles Lamb
A John Austen
M Charles Robert Marti
B William Blake (Both poet & Painter)
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JK John Keats

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ইংর্রবি সাবির্তয Neoclassical period (1660-1798) এর বিবশষ্ট সাবিবতযকর্ের োম মর্ে

রাখার লকৌশে
এ যু গবি The age of Enlightenment োর্মও অবধ্ক পবরবচত
DMP কবমশোর JONE DRYDEN এর পবরির্তে WILLIAM CONGREVE লক SSF এর োবয়ত্ব
লেওয়া ির্য়র্ে।
D - DENIEL DEFOE
M - JONE MILTON
P - Alexander pope
Jone Dryden - Jone Dryden
William Congreve - William Congreve
S - Samuel Jonson
S - Jonathan Swift
F - Henry Fielding

Neoclassical Period সাধ্ারণত বতে িার্গ িাগ করা যায়

1. The restoration period (1660-1700)
2. The Augustan period (1700-1750)
3. The age of sensibility /Johnson (1750-1798)

1) The Restoration Period (1660 - 1700)

Dry বপর্চ John Samuel ির্ে Congreve (র্কাো) বের্য় েয় মারর্ো। 16
Dry - John Dryden

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John - John Bunyan

Samuel - Samuel Bulter
Congreve - William Congreve

2) The Augustan Age (1700 - 1745)

এই যু গর্ক Age of Pope ির্ে
এ যু র্গর সাবিবতযকর্ের োম মর্ে রাখার লকৌশে

Pope, Swift Defense এ Fieldingai কর্র

Pope - Alexander Pope
Swiftly - Jonathan Swift
Defense - Daniel Defoe
Fielding - Henry Fielding

3) The age of sensibility (1745 - 1798)

এই যু গর্ক Age of Johnson িো িয়
এ যু র্গর সাবিবতযকর্ের োম মর্ে রাখার লকৌশে

Johnson, olive লসাোগুর্ো Gray কর্র Edward ও Burke লক বের্ো।

Johnson - Samuel Johnson
olive - Oliver Goldsmith
Gray - Thomas Gray 17

Edward - Edward Gibbon

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Burke - Edmund Burke

Oscar Wilde এর সাবিতযকমে মর্ে রাখার লকৌশে

Irish novelist & darmatist House এর বিতর Happy থাকার িেয ideal husband এর
কার্ে (wife) woman importance.
House - A House Of Pomegranates (story)
Happy - The Happy Prince And Other Stories (story)
Ideal Husband - An Ideal Husband (play)
Importance - A Woman Is No Importance (a dark comedy)
Importance - The Importance of Being Earnest (play)

GB shaw এর সাবিতয মর্ে রাখার লকৌশে

Philanderer তুবম কখে িেো Major Doctors Heart Break কর্র বসিার কর্র Captain
Man এর Arms বিক করর্েে।
Philanderer - The Philanderer (play)
তুবম কখে িেো - You Never Can Tell (play)
Major - Major Barbara (play)
Doctors - Doctors Dilemma (play)
Heart Break - Heart-Break House (play)
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বসিার - Caesar And Cleopatra (play)
Captain - Captain Brassbound's Conversion (play)

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Man - Man & Superman (play)

- Man Of Destiny (short play)
Arms - Arms & The Man (play)
Charles Dickens বিবিন্ন উপেযাস মর্ে রাখার লকৌশে
David ও Oliver েুই িন্ধু Bleak House ির্স Little Times এ Expect কর্র Two cities
যু দ্ধ (Battle) Christmas বের্ে curiosity (সর্ন্দি) ো়োই Mystery of Mutual Paper
বের্য় লশষ ির্ি।
David - David Copperfield
Oliver - Oliver Twist
Bleak House - The Black House
Little - Little Dorrit
Times - Hard Times
Expect - Great Expectations
Two Cities - A Tale of Two Cities
যু দ্ধ (Battle) - The Battle of Life
Christmas - A Christmas Carol
Curiosity (সর্ন্দি) - The Old Curiosity Shop
Mystery - The Mystery of Edwin Drood
Mutual - Our Mutual Friend
Paper - The Pickwick Papers

William Wordsworth এর সাবিতযকমে মর্ে রাখার লকৌশে

William Wordsworth লক িো িয় Romantic poet, Poet of nature, Poet of 19

laureates, Lake Poet, Poet of childhood

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 English Literature

একবেে একিা cuckoo Daffodil েুে সংগ্রর্ির িেয excursion এ লির ির্য় বেিের্ে
(solitary) িসা একবি িুেিুবের্ক লের্খ lyrical ballads লেখার প্রস্তাি (prelude) লেয়।
Cuckoo - To The Cuckoo
Daffodil - The Daffodils
Excursion - The Excursion
বেিের্ে (solitary) - The Solitary Reaper
িুেিুবের্ক - Tintern Abbey
Lyrical ballads - Lyrical Ballads
প্রস্তাি (prelude) - The Prelude

William Wordsworth এর কবিতাগুর্ো মর্ে রাখার লকৌশে

Daffodils Michael March এর Independence Day Rainbow েেীর তীর্র ির্স Lucy
লক বের্য় immortality গাে এিং Solitary of Excursion কবিতা বেখে।
Daffodils - The Daffodils
Michael - Michael
March - Written in March
Independence - Revolution and Independence
Rainbow - Rainbow
Lucy - Lucy Poems
Immortality - Ode on Immortality
Solitary - The Solitary Reaper
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Excursion - The Excursion.

সংগ্রহ | Raisul Islam Hridoy

 English Literature

William Shakespeare এর Tragedy ট্রার্িবর্) মর্ে রাখার লকৌশে

Julius Antony-Timon-Titus-Troilus লক ROM এর King Ham এর কার্ে বের্য় লগর্ো।
Julius - Julius Caesar
Antony - Antony and Cleopatra
Timon - Timon of Athens
Titus - Titus Andronicus
Troilus - Troilus and Cressida
R - Romeo and Juliet
O - Othello
M - Macbeth
King - King Lear
Ham – Hamlet

Othello (King) রািা কযার্েে (Cymbel) ও লসোপবত Caesar Athens রােী Cleopatra লক
Troilus এর Hamlet, Macbeth িই উপিার বের্ে, রােী তার্ের Titus এর coriolanus ও
Romeo and Juliet ট্রার্িবর্ কাবিেী ির্ে।
Othello - Othello
(King) রািা - King Lear
কযােে (Cymbel) – Cymbeline
Caesar - Julius Caesar
Athens - Timon of Athens
Cleopatra - Anthony and Cleopatra
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Troilus - Troilus and Cressida
Hamlet - Hamlet

সংগ্রহ | Raisul Islam Hridoy

 English Literature

Macbeth - Macbeth
Titus - Troilus Andronicus
Coriolanus - Coriolanus
Romeo and Juliet - Romeo and Juliet

বাংলা ও ইংরেজি সাজহরযেে সাদৃশ্ে

িাংো গর্েযর িেক - ঈশ্বরচন্দ্র বিেযাসাগর

ইংর্রবি গর্েযর িেক - িে ওয়াবক্লে (lohn Wyclif)

িাংো সাবির্তযর প্রথম মিাকািয - লমঘোে িধ্ কািয (মাইর্কে মধ্ুসুেে েত্ত)
ইংর্রবি সাবির্তযর প্রথম মিাকািয - লিওউেে (Beowulf)

িাংো উপেযার্সর িেক - িবিমচন্দ্র চর্ট্রাপাধ্যায়

ইংর্রবি উপেযার্সর িেক - লিেবর বেবডং (Henry Fielding)

িাংো কবিতার িেক -মাইর্কে মধ্ুসূেে েত্ত

িাংো গীবত কবিতার িেক - বিিারীোে চক্রিতেী
ইংর্রবি কবিতার িেক - বিওেবর চাউচার/চূ ষার (Geoffrey Chaucer)

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িাংো িরর্ে লেখা প্রথম িাংো অবিধ্াে রচো ও প্রকাশ কর্রবের্েে - রামচন্দ্র বিেযািাগী ১৮১৭
সার্ে ইংর্রবি - িাংো এিং িাংো - ইংর্রবি অবিধ্াে প্রণয়ে কর্রে - লিেবর বপিস েরস্টার

সংগ্রহ | Raisul Islam Hridoy

 English Literature

প্রথম ইংর্রবি বর্কশোবর রচো কর্রে - সযামুর্য়ে িে (Samuel Johnson)

িাংো লোি গর্ের িেক - রিীন্দ্রোথ িাকুর

ইংর্রবি লোি গর্ের িেক - এর্গার এোে লপা

িাংো মুদ্রে বশর্ের িেক - চােেস উইেবকেস

ইংর্রবি মুদ্রণ বশর্ের িেক - উইবেয়াম কািে (William Canton)
সিেপ্রথম িাংো অক্ষর লখাোই কর্রে - চােেস উইেবকেস
িাঙাবের্ের মর্ধ্য সিেপ্রথম িাংো অক্ষর লখাোই কর্রে - পঞ্চােে কমেকার

িাংো োির্কর িেক - েীেিন্ধু বমত্র

ইংর্রবি োির্কর িেক - লশক্সবপয়র

আধ্ুবেক িাংো সাবির্তযর িেক - মাইর্কে মধ্ুসূেে েত্ত

আধ্ুবেক ইংর্রবি সাবির্তযর িেক - িিে িােোর্ে’শ

সর্ের্ির িেক - লপত্রাকে

িাংো সর্ের্ির িেক - মাইর্কে মধ্ুসূেে েত্ত
ইংর্রবি সর্ের্ির িেক - সযার থমাস ওয়াি (Sir Thomas Wyatt)
িাংো িাষায় ইতােীয় সর্ের্ির প্রিতেক - প্রমথ লচৌধ্ুরী

িাংো চেবচর্ত্রর িেক - িীরাোে লসে (উপমিার্ের্শর) 23

িাংোর্ের্শর চেবির্ত্রর িেক- আিেুে িব্বার খাে

সংগ্রহ | Raisul Islam Hridoy